CN110422345A - A kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal - Google Patents
A kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal Download PDFInfo
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- CN110422345A CN110422345A CN201910679567.9A CN201910679567A CN110422345A CN 110422345 A CN110422345 A CN 110422345A CN 201910679567 A CN201910679567 A CN 201910679567A CN 110422345 A CN110422345 A CN 110422345A
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 58
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;tin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[In].[Sn] MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005457 Black-body radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003307 Ni-Cd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/52—Protection, safety or emergency devices; Survival aids
- B64G1/54—Protection against radiation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0216—Coatings
- H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02167—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to thermal control coating technical fields, more specifically, it is related to a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal, by emission layer, ultraviolet reflection layer, visible infrared reflecting layer composition, ultraviolet reflection layer is as articulamentum, medium C is as separation layer in visible infrared reflecting layer, the stronger adhesive force of photonic crystal and environmental suitability are ensured, while realizing solar energy ultraviolet-visible-infrared full spectrum high reflection, realize its solar energy wide spectrum low absorption, simultaneously, maintain the physical characteristic of its original OSR thermal control coating high emission, it is lower using the density of states of the photonic crystal for the electromagnetic wave of forbidden band frequency domain, it reduces its electromagnetic wave and lossy dielectric and absorbing medium interacts, to reduce the received solar radiation heat of spacecraft, reduce the temperature on spacecraft surface, finally realize 200 nm The forbidden band characteristic of -2000 nm, has widened the forbidden bandwidth of photonic crystal.It is 200 nm or so that script technology, which is most width in the forbidden bandwidth of infrared band,.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal control coating technical fields, more specifically, are related to a kind of OSR thermal control painting based on photonic crystal
Layer.
Background technique
Thermal control coating is important one of the safeguards system of spacecraft, and solar radiation is spacecraft by maximum heat radiation,
Its cover and it is ultraviolet, visible and infrared.When spacecraft is run in space, the temperature of sunny slope reaches as high as 250 DEG C, back sun
Minimum temperature can reach -200 DEG C.In this case, the temperature unevenness of spacecraft inner structure part, instrument and equipment
± 50-100 DEG C can be reached.And the most of equipment of spacecraft have strict requirements to temperature, general electronic equipment is maintained at -15
DEG C 50 DEG C of-﹢；And Ni-Cd battery is resistant to -10 DEG C 40 DEG C of-﹢；For certain special equipment, other than having temperature range requirements,
There are also the requirements of rate of temperature change, such as space telescope and high-precision to observe camera over the ground.High temperature and huge temperature change
Rate is unacceptable for spacecraft equipment.And spacecraft mainly uses aluminium alloy, the light alloy materials such as titanium alloy.And metal
EmissivityVery little, so that thermal equilibrium temperature can be very high when spacecraft is run under solar irradiation.Thermal control coating is to apply
The surface of spacecraft is overlayed on, just the skin of first spacecraft is the same, controls the surface temperature of spacecraft, to guarantee spacecraft
And internal unit normally works.The thermal equilibrium temperature expression formula such as following formula on the surface of spacecraft:
WhereinSFor solar constant, σ is Stefan-Boltzmanncha constant,A P Have for spacecraft perpendicular to solar radiation direction
Area is imitated,AFor the effective area of spacecraft,α S It is the absorptivity of spacecraft surface solar energy,The hemisphere on spacecraft surface to
Outer infrared emittance.Wherein object emission rate is defined as object radiation ability E and mutually synthermal black body radiation power EbThe ratio between.For
Specific spacecraft,S, σ,A P ,AIt is all constant.It can be seen that the equilibrium temperature on its spacecraft surface can be by selecting not
Togetherα S /, finally realize thermal control.The absorptivity-emissivity ratio of thermal control coatingα S /Value it is smaller, the cooling degree of spacecraft is got over
Greatly；The absorptivity-emissivity ratio of thermal control coatingα S /The more big then spacecraft of value heating degree it is bigger.Spacecraft is mainly closed using light
Golden material, such as aluminium alloy, titanium alloy etc..And the emissivity of metalVery little, so that spacecraft is run under solar irradiation
When thermal equilibrium temperature can be very high.In the thermal control coating of spacecraft surface coating, suction of the spacecraft surface to solar absorption is reduced
Receive, increase its surface heat radiation, reduce spacecraft equilibrium temperature, extend the service life of spacecraft, guarantee spacecraft and
Instrument and equipment therein maintains in normal operating temperature range.The thermal control coating of low absorption transmitting ratio is to guarantee boat as a result,
The key technology that its device and its equipment work normally.
Thermal control coating can be divided into following four according to the composition of coating at present: uncoated metal surface, such as polished surface,
Sand blasted surface；Pigment coating, various organic-inorganic coatings；Electrochemical coating, such as anodized coating and electroplated coating；It is secondary
Surface mirror-type thermal control coating, such as optical solar reflector (OSA), plastic film type second surface mirror and the secondary surface of coating
Mirror；It is existing using white paint and second of surface mirror be obtain low absorption and high emission Major Technology.Wherein white paint is main
There are ZnO, ZrO2Equal white pigments and organic resin are constituted, such as Z-93, YB71, second surface mirror mainly include F-46 and optics
Reflector (OSR).For the demand of current spacecraft thermal control coating, there are solar spectral suctions for the metallic reflector of OSR at present
The technical problems such as receipts ability is strong, albedo is poor, and reflection frequency range is narrow.This makes OSRs, and there are solar absorption ratio αSIt is larger
(0.13), solar spectrum reflectivityρ S Low and reflectance spectrum frequency range is narrow etc. to be difficult to the technical problem overcome.
The thermal control coating that main material is made of quartz glass and metallic diaphragm at present.It is primarily present instead using this coating
Radio band is difficult to take into account ultraviolet, visible and infrared multiband, it is also difficult to realize the wide-band low absorption of 200 nm-2000 nm.And
And since metal is under electric field action, electromagnetic viscosimeter can be generated, and then generate energy loss.Even relatively thin skin depth,
The loss of its electromagnetic energy is also very important.On the other hand, the adhesive force of metallic diaphragm and resistance to environmental suitability are also poor.
Summary of the invention
In the presence of overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of OSR thermal control painting based on photonic crystal
Layer, solves the problems such as current OSR structure is difficult to realize the high reflection and low absorption of the full spectrum of ultraviolet-visible-infrared solar,
Realize the wide-band total reflection of 200 nm-2000nm.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal, is made of emission layer, ultraviolet reflection layer, visible infrared reflecting layer；
For the emission layer using the infrared emittance for having > 0.8, permeable is more than 90% ultraviolet light, visible light and 200 nm-
2000 nm infrared lights have higher transmission rate, and high temperature resistant, the minimum material of thermal expansion coefficient；
The ultraviolet reflection layer uses the medium photonic crystal being alternately made of thin dielectric film A and thin dielectric film B, hands over
It is 3-7, the thin dielectric film A and thin dielectric film B for the period is nonmetallic materials, the ultraviolet reflection layer is 200
Nm-400 nm be forbidden band, by 200 nm-400 nm ultraviolet lights reflect, have stronger albedo to ultraviolet light, to visible light with
Infrared light has good transmittability；
The visible infrared reflecting layer is alternately made of medium C and medium D, alternate cycle 4.5-7.5, the medium C with
Medium D is metal photonic crystal film, and the visible infrared reflecting layer is in visible light and 400 nm-2000 nm infrared lights
Effective dielectric constant hinders the electromagnetic wave of the frequency domain to enter visible-infrared external reflection type photonic crystal less than 0.
Further, the emission layer uses any in quartz glass and cerium glass, with a thickness of 0.1 mm-0.2 mm.
Further, the thin dielectric film A is using photon wavelength is absorbed outside solar spectrum frequency range, i.e., less than 200 nm
With the nonmetallic dielectric substance for being greater than 2000 nm, or the nonmetallic dielectric in visible light and infrared light low absorption high pass
Material；The material thin dielectric film B big using low-loss, dielectric constant.
Further, be: the thin dielectric film A uses Al2O3、BaF2、KBr、SiO2、SiC、MgF2And TiO2In appoint
It is a kind of；The thin dielectric film B is using any in Si, Ge.
Further, be: the thin dielectric film B dielectric constant is higher than thin dielectric film A dielectric constant at least 1.5.
Further, the ultraviolet reflection layer thin dielectric film A uses Al2O3Film, thicknesses of layers dA=80nm-
120nm；The thin dielectric film B uses Si film, thicknesses of layers dB=5nm-10nm；Alternate cycle is set as 4.
Further, the medium C is a kind of dielectric of high dielectric constant, and the real part of dielectric constant is greater than 1.5；It is situated between
Matter D is the biggish metal material of reflectivity, in the real part of permittivity of visible light and infrared light less than zero.
Further, be: the medium C uses Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2With it is any in ITO；The medium D is used
It is any in Al and Ag.Wherein ITO is tin indium oxide.
Further, the medium C uses ito thin film；The medium D uses Ag film, and the film thickness of metal Ag is greater than
100nm；The thickness ratio of the Ag film and ito thin film is greater than 1.5.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect of present invention is that:
The present invention provides a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal, by emission layer, ultraviolet reflection layer, visible red outside
Reflection layer composition, ultraviolet reflection layer is as articulamentum, it is seen that medium C is ensured as separation layer in infrared light reflection layer
The stronger adhesive force of photonic crystal and environmental suitability realize infrared full spectrum (200 nm-2000 of solar energy ultraviolet-visible-
Nm) while high reflection (reflectivity is greater than 80%), its solar energy wide spectrum low absorption is realized, meanwhile, maintain its original OSR
The physical characteristic of thermal control coating high emission, it is lower using the density of states of the photonic crystal for the electromagnetic wave of forbidden band frequency domain, reduce it
Electromagnetic wave and lossy dielectric and absorbing medium interact, and to reduce the received solar radiation heat of spacecraft, reduce space flight
The temperature on device surface.The metallic film of OSR is applied to there are two technical problems, one be with the adhesive force of quartz glass compared with
Difference, the method for preparing OSR mainly have magnetron sputtering method.Mainly using media coatings such as high temperature deposition first floor ITO, then use room temperature
It is sequentially depositing the other film layers of OSR.After having deposited all film layers, high annealing under 300 DEG C of -450 DEG C of vacuum environments, annealing are carried out
Time is 30min-45min.In this way, the technical problem of OSR poor adhesive force can be solved very well；It on the other hand is environment
It is adaptable, it needs to deposit protective layer, on the one hand the photon crystal film being made of A and B acts as ultraviolet reflecting layer；Another party
The separation layer of D and air is served as in face, avoids environment and the interaction of D, for this purpose, ultraviolet reflecting layer acts as the work of protective layer
With.This programme is designed by structure, realizes reflecting layer, articulamentum and protective layer integrated design.Photon crystal film material
The performance parameters such as dielectric constant, conductivity, light transmittance ultraviolet, infrared, visible light the transmitance of photonic crystal can all be made
At certain influence.The present invention finally realizes the taboo of 200 nm-2000 nm by continuing to optimize design to its material properties
Band characteristic, has widened the forbidden bandwidth of photonic crystal.It is the left side 200 nm that script technology, which is most width in the forbidden bandwidth of infrared band,
It is right.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of OSR thermal control coating structural schematic diagram based on photonic crystal provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of OSR thermal control coating working principle diagram based on photonic crystal provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is the microstructure of emission layer and ultraviolet reflecting layer structure and ultraviolet reflecting layer；
Fig. 4 is the microcosmic knot of emission layer, ultraviolet reflecting layer and visible infrared reflection layer structure and visible-infrared light reflection layer
Structure；
Fig. 5 is the reflectivity and transmissivity schematic diagram of ultraviolet reflecting layer；
Fig. 6 is the reflectivity and absorptivity in visible infrared reflecting layer；
Fig. 7 different metal is in ultraviolet, visible and infrared reflectivity and absorptivity
In figure: 1 being emission layer, 2 be ultraviolet reflection layer, 3 be visible infrared reflecting layer.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figs 1-4, a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal, by emission layer 1, ultraviolet reflection layer 2, can
Show external light reflection layer 3 forms；
For the emission layer using the infrared emittance for having > 0.8, permeable is more than 90% ultraviolet light, visible light and 200 nm-
2000 nm infrared lights have higher transmission rate, and high temperature resistant, the minimum material of thermal expansion coefficient；
The ultraviolet reflection layer uses the medium photonic crystal being alternately made of thin dielectric film A and thin dielectric film B, hands over
It is 3-7, the thin dielectric film A and thin dielectric film B for the period is nonmetallic materials, the ultraviolet reflection layer is 200
Nm-400 nm be forbidden band, by 200 nm-400 nm ultraviolet lights reflect, have stronger albedo to ultraviolet light, to visible light with
Infrared light has good transmittability；The thin dielectric film A is less than using photon wavelength is absorbed outside solar spectrum frequency range
200 nm and nonmetallic dielectric substance greater than 2000 nm, or in the nonmetallic of visible light and infrared light low absorption high pass
Dielectric substance；According to the theory of material electronics band-to-band transition, the energy band band gap of Electron absorption wavelength and its material meets formula:
Absorbing wavelength=hc/Eg=1240 nm/Eg forms the component Eg > 4.1eV or Eg < 0.62eV of ultraviolet type photonic crystal.Institute
State the thin dielectric film B material big using low-loss, dielectric constant.The thin dielectric film A uses Al2O3、BaF2、KBr、
SiO2、SiC、MgF2And TiO2In it is any；The thin dielectric film B is using any in Si, Ge.The thin dielectric film B is situated between
Electric constant is higher than thin dielectric film A dielectric constant at least 1.5.
The visible infrared reflecting layer is alternately made of medium C and medium D, alternate cycle 4.5-7.5, the medium
C and medium D is metal photonic crystal film, and the visible infrared reflecting layer is in visible light and 400 nm-2000 nm infrared lights
Effective dielectric constant less than 0, hinder the frequency domain electromagnetic wave enter visible-infrared external reflection type photonic crystal.The medium C is
The real part of a kind of dielectric of high dielectric constant, dielectric constant is greater than 1.5；Medium D is the biggish metal material of reflectivity,
In the real part of permittivity of visible light and infrared light less than zero.The medium C uses Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2With it is any in ITO
Kind；The medium D is using any in Al and Ag.
In the present embodiment, the emission layer uses any in quartz glass and cerium glass, with a thickness of 0.1 mm-0.2
Mm, sheet glass specification can be the mm of 40 mm × 40,40 mm × 20 mm, 20 mm × 20 mm.According to thermal control coating to emissivity
Requirement the thickness of its emission layer is designed.
In the present embodiment, the ultraviolet reflection layer thin dielectric film A uses Al2O3Film, thicknesses of layers dA=80
nm-120 nm；The thin dielectric film B uses Si film, thicknesses of layers dB=5 nm-10 nm；Alternate cycle is set as 4.Its
In, the structure of the second photonic crystal film layer is not limited to above structure, as long as ensuring to meet ultraviolet photon crystal in 200nm-
400nm is forbidden band.
In the present embodiment, the medium C uses ito thin film；The medium D uses Ag film, and the film thickness of metal Ag is big
In 100nm；The thickness ratio of the Ag film and ito thin film is greater than 1.5.
When solar spectrum passes through the coating, since emission layer all has stronger transmittability to the full spectrum of the sun.This
Sample, the infrared emission layer that will transmit through of ultraviolet-visible-is incident on ultraviolet reflectance type photon crystal surface, due to ultraviolet reflectance type photon
Crystal forbidden band characteristic, theoretically nearly the 100% of ultraviolet (200 nm-400 nm) reflect back, and by emission layer, are reflected into
In space；And the electromagnetic wave of visible-infrared (400 nm-2000 nm) continues to be incident on ultraviolet and visible infrared external reflection type photon
Plane of crystal.Since visible-infrared photon crystal of design is negative in 400 nm-2000 nm effective dielectric constants, frequency domain electricity
Magnetic wave is reflected in space.Therefore the effect of low absorption transmitting ratio and the full spectrum high reflection of solar energy, all frequency ranges can be generated
The path passed through of electromagnetic wave be all low absorption (energy band transition does not occur) and low-loss (free electron does not occur to shake)
Medium, solar absorption are relatively low.
The implementation result of this programme.Using finite-difference time domain method calculate this programme design structure ultraviolet and can
As-infrared spectrum solar spectrum reflects and transmitted light spectrogram is shown in shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6: in Fig. 5, (a) is ultraviolet reflectance type photon
The reflectivity of crystal is (b) transmissivity of ultraviolet reflectance type photonic crystal；Reflectivity > 75%(200 nm-400 nm), > 90%
(250 nm-400 nm) transmissivity is in < 3%(250 nm-375 nm)；It is about 1 in the sum of reflectivity and transmissivity of ultra-violet (UV) band,
It is negligible to ultraviolet absorption.In Fig. 6, (a) is visible-infrared (400 nm-2000 nm) reflectivity, (b) is visible-red
(400 nm-2000 nm) absorptivity outside, in visible-infrared reflectivity > 85%(400 nm-2000 nm), absorptivity < 10%；
Transmissivity is almost nil.
Fig. 7 is that different metal solid line in ultraviolet, visible and infrared reflectivity and absorptivity, figure is reflectivity, dotted line
For absorptivity, it is seen that the stronger metal Ag of-properties of infrared reflection is when wavelength is less than 400 nm, reflectivity rapid drawdown, and metal Ag
In visible light there are stronger absorption, absorptivity is greater than 70%.And metal Al ultraviolet-visible-it is infrared have wide spectrum reflection
Feature, but its reflecting properties is significantly lower than metal Ag, and albedo is poor, and metal Al also has apparent absorption infrared.
And the metals such as Cu and Pt are poor in solar spectrum albedo, and absorb also very strong, absorption all > in wider spectral range
80%.The intrinsic attribute of these physics of metallic film makes current OSR there are solar spectrum albedoes poor, reflection frequency range thus
The narrow and big deficiency of absorptance.It is substituted for this purpose, designing one layer of novel solar energy reflection layer using a kind of new method and new principle
The metallic reflector of OSR is the key that solve the technical problem.And at present novel solar energy reflection film in addition to metal also
Using tin indium oxide stratiform reflective film.The reflection frequency range of this structure can be designed by structure, realize that reflection frequency range is free
Controllably, reflecting properties with higher, reflectivity can reach 90% or more.But its deficiency mainly its reflection frequency range is relatively narrow, very
Hardly possible realizes the purpose of the full spectrum high reflection of solar spectrum.It in addition is exactly using the superposition of photonic crystal frequency domain and unordered photonic crystal pair
It, which reflects frequency range, is expanded.It is compared with individual reflection material, having its reflection frequency range based on photon crystal reflecting mirror can design,
It reflects the advantages such as frequency range and superposition.This programme is designed a kind of by superficial layer, ultraviolet reflectance type and visible-infrared anti-by building
The structure of the novel OSR of emitting photonic crystal building.Realize the full spectrum high reflection of OSR thermal control coating solar energy and low suction
It receives.
Only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment,
Within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art, it can also make without departing from the purpose of the present invention each
Kind variation, various change should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal, it is characterised in that: outside by emission layer, ultraviolet reflection layer, visible red
Reflection layer composition；
For the emission layer using the infrared emittance for having > 0.8, permeable is more than 90% ultraviolet light, visible light and 200nm-
2000nm infrared light has higher transmission rate, and high temperature resistant, the minimum material of thermal expansion coefficient；
The ultraviolet reflection layer uses the medium photonic crystal being alternately made of thin dielectric film A and thin dielectric film B, hands over
It is 3-7, the thin dielectric film A and thin dielectric film B for the period is nonmetallic materials, the ultraviolet reflection layer is in 200nm-
400nm is forbidden band；
The visible infrared reflecting layer is alternately made of medium C and medium D, alternate cycle 4.5-7.5, the medium C with
Medium D is metal photonic crystal film, the visible infrared reflecting layer visible light and 400nm-2000nm infrared light etc.
Dielectric constant is imitated less than 0.
2. a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the emission layer
Using any in quartz glass and cerium glass, with a thickness of 0.1mm-0.2mm.
3. a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the dielectric
Film A is less than 200nm and the nonmetallic dielectric material greater than 2000nm using photon wavelength is absorbed outside solar spectrum frequency range
Material, or in the nonmetallic dielectric substance of visible light and infrared light low absorption high pass；The thin dielectric film B uses low damage
The big material of consumption, dielectric constant.
4. a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that: the electricity is situated between
Matter film A uses Al2O3、BaF2、KBr、SiO2、SiC、MgF2And TiO2In it is any；The thin dielectric film B uses Si, Ge
In it is any.
5. a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that: the electricity is situated between
Matter film B dielectric constant is at least above thin dielectric film A dielectric constant 1.5.
6. a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ultraviolet light
Reflecting layer thin dielectric film A uses Al2O3Film, thicknesses of layers dA=80nm-120nm；The thin dielectric film B is thin using Si
Film, thicknesses of layers dB=5nm-10nm；Alternate cycle is set as 4.
7. a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the medium C is
The real part of a kind of dielectric of high dielectric constant, dielectric constant is greater than 1.5；Medium D is the biggish metal material of reflectivity,
In the real part of permittivity of visible light and infrared light less than zero.
8. a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal according to claim 1 or claim 7, it is characterised in that: the medium
C uses Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2With it is any in ITO；The medium D is using any in Al and Ag.
9. a kind of OSR thermal control coating based on photonic crystal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the medium C is adopted
Use ito thin film；The medium D uses Ag film, and the film thickness of metal Ag is greater than 100nm；The thickness of the Ag film and ito thin film
Than being greater than 1.5.
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