CN111593222A

CN111593222A - Automobile pulling-out block processing technology

Info

Publication number: CN111593222A
Application number: CN202010409486.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王国林; 王霞波; 朱宏伟
Original assignee: Hangzhou Aoqi Auto Parts Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Aoqi Auto Parts Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-14
Filing date: 2020-05-14
Publication date: 2020-08-28
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-14
Also published as: CN111593222B

Abstract

The invention relates to a processing technology of an automobile pulling-out block, which is applied to the technical field of adjustable steering column fittings and comprises the following steps: a1, preparing raw materials; a2, adding the aluminum alloy block into a melting furnace, heating and stirring to dissolve the aluminum alloy block into liquid; a3, adding a deslagging agent, stirring the molten aluminum and fishing out a slag shell formed by aggregation of the molten aluminum; a4, keeping the temperature of the melting furnace constant and keeping for 10-15 minutes; a5, injecting molten aluminum into a die of a die casting machine, and controlling the temperature and pressure in the die; and A6, taking out the pull-off block, and removing burrs in each bolt hole of the pull-off block by using a burr cleaning machine. The invention has the effect of improving the die casting quality of the pull-out block.

Description

Automobile pulling-out block processing technology

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of adjustable steering column fittings, in particular to a processing technology of an automobile pull-out block.

Background

Most of the existing automobile steering columns are provided with crumple energy-absorbing structures, after a vehicle is subjected to violent collision, secondary collision can occur between an inertial driver and a steering wheel, and the crumple energy-absorbing structures of the steering columns are used for absorbing partial impact energy in the secondary collision, so that the protection effect on the driver is achieved to a certain extent.

Chinese patent with publication number CN201619599U discloses an energy absorbing device for steering column of car, which comprises a bracket for fixing the steering column, wherein two sides of the bracket are respectively and fixedly provided with a pull-off block, and the energy absorbing device is characterized in that two sides of the bracket are respectively provided with a buffering bracket, each buffering bracket is provided with an energy absorbing tongue piece, the tongue tip part of the energy absorbing tongue piece is separated from the buffering bracket, the tongue root part of the energy absorbing tongue piece is connected with the first end part of the buffering bracket, a gap or a connection weak area with smaller strength is arranged between two sides of the energy absorbing tongue piece and the buffering bracket, the tongue tip part of the energy absorbing tongue piece is fixed on the bracket, and the second end part of the buffering bracket is fixedly connected with the pull-off block on the corresponding side.

In actual use, the pulling-out block is connected with the upper bracket of the fixed steering column by an injection pin, and the pulling-out block is fixedly connected with the instrument desk beam. When collision happens, the steering column and the upper support move together, and the pull-out block is kept still, so that the injection molding pin is pulled off, and part of impact energy in the collision is absorbed due to the breakage of the injection molding pin, so that a buffering effect is realized on secondary collision.

The existing pull-off block is generally cast by adopting a die-casting mode, aluminum alloy raw materials are melted firstly, and then the aluminum alloy raw materials are sent into a die of a die-casting machine for forming, but scum is frequently generated on the surface of molten aluminum because most raw materials contain impurities, and the scum is dispersed and is difficult to salvage and clear, so that the aluminum water content is easy to remain, and the quality of the pull-off block after die-casting is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a processing technology of an automobile pull-out block, which has the effect of improving the die-casting quality of the pull-out block.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a processing technology of an automobile pulling-out block comprises the following steps: a1, preparing raw materials; a2, adding the aluminum alloy block into a melting furnace, heating and stirring to dissolve the aluminum alloy block into liquid; a3, adding a deslagging agent, stirring the molten aluminum and fishing out the slag shell formed by aggregation of the molten aluminum; a4, keeping the temperature of the melting furnace constant and keeping for 10-15 minutes; a5, injecting molten aluminum into a die of a die casting machine, and controlling the temperature and pressure in the die; and A6, taking out the pull-off block, and removing burrs in each bolt hole of the pull-off block by using a burr cleaning machine.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the aluminum alloy block is melted into molten aluminum, the slag removing agent is added into the molten aluminum and stirred, the slag removing agent has cohesiveness and can effectively collect and adsorb scum on the surface of the molten aluminum, an operator only needs to fish out the accumulated scum shell, the operation is simple and convenient, the possibility of scum residue is reduced, and the forming quality of the pull-off block is improved; after the pull-off block is formed, each pore of the pull-off block is deburred by using a burr cleaning machine, so that the surface quality of the pull-off block is improved.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and after the step A4 is finished, taking out the aluminum water and standing for 8-10 minutes.

By adopting the technical scheme, the aluminum water components tend to be stable in the aluminum water standing process, and meanwhile, the operator can observe the physical properties of the aluminum water conveniently.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the burr descaling machine includes conveyer, frame and the first servo cylinder of setting in the frame, sliding connection has the slide in the frame, the slide is connected with first servo cylinder's piston rod, be equipped with revolving cylinder on the slide, be connected with the intermediate lamella on revolving cylinder's the gyration dish, the holder that is used for pressing from both sides to get the piece of taking off is installed to the one end of intermediate lamella, the frame lateral wall is equipped with the support frame, be equipped with the clearance piece on the support frame, work as when the intermediate lamella is in initial position, the vertical distribution of intermediate lamella, the holder is located directly over the conveyer, works as when the intermediate lamella rotates to horizontal position, holder and clearance piece relative distribution.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the die-casting machine is subjected to die-casting molding, an operator takes out the pull-out block and puts the pull-out block on the conveyor, and the pull-out block is conveyed forwards through the conveyor; when drawing the piece and removing to the holder below, the holder cliies and draws the piece of taking off, and first servo cylinder drive slide shifts up for draw the piece of taking off and the separation of conveyer, revolving cylinder starts afterwards, and the drive intermediate lamella upwards rotates to horizontal position, and the descaling machine carries out the burring operation to the bolt hole that draws the piece of taking off, and convenient and fast has saved required time and the work load of traditional artifical burring, does benefit to improve and draws and takes off a machining efficiency.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the clamping piece comprises a pneumatic finger and a clamping block, wherein the pneumatic finger is arranged at one end, far away from the rotary cylinder, of the middle plate, and the clamping block is connected to two clamping jaws of the pneumatic finger.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, pneumatic finger starts, and two clamp splices of drive are close to each other or keep away from, alright realize the clamp of drawing taking off the piece or release, and the action is rapid, the control of being convenient for.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: two the fixture block all is equipped with the fixture block in relative one side.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the two clamping blocks clamp the pull-out block, the two clamping blocks are clamped between the two side plates of the pull-out block, so that the possibility of relative rotation between the pull-out block and the clamping blocks is reduced.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: two fixture blocks are connected with a pressing plate through compression springs on two opposite sides, a guide pillar and a guide groove are respectively arranged on the pressing plate and the fixture blocks, one end of the guide pillar is inserted into the guide groove, and a guide surface is arranged at the edge of the pressing plate.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the two clamping blocks drive the clamping block to be close to the pull-off block, the pressing plate and the clamping block are squeezed between the two side plates of the pull-off block, and the compression spring is compressed to generate elastic deformation, so that the pressing plate and the clamping block are abutted against the side plates of the pull-off block, and the stability of fixing the pull-off block is improved.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the clearance piece includes slide, second servo cylinder and servo motor, slide sliding connection is on the support frame, be equipped with the fixed plate on the slide, it is connected with four dabbers, each to rotate on the fixed plate the dabber all is equipped with the steel wire, servo motor installs on the slide, be connected with the driving gear on servo motor's the motor shaft, each the dabber all is connected with driven gear with driving gear engaged with towards servo motor's one end, second servo cylinder sets up on the support frame, and second servo cylinder's piston rod is connected with the slide.

By adopting the technical scheme, the second servo motor is started to drive the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear drives each driven gear to rotate, so that the mandrel drives the steel wire to rotate; the second servo cylinder starts, promotes the slide and gos forward, and rotatory steel wire strikes off the burr in inserting the bolt hole of drawing off the piece, and convenient and fast and rotatory steel wire coverage area are big, do benefit to reduce the burr and remain.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: each mandrel is provided with a conical milling cutter.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the dabber drives the steel wire and inserts in the bolt hole of pulling off the piece, along with the continuation of dabber gos forward, milling cutter contradicts with the chamfer in bolt hole mouth, carries out the plain noodles to the drill way chamfer in bolt hole, has saved the artifical flow of polishing in the original process flow of pulling off the piece.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the side wall of the fixed plate is provided with a shaft sleeve for each mandrel to pass through, and an oil seal matched with the mandrels is arranged in the shaft sleeve.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the oil blanket has reduced debris such as burr of clearance and has got into the rotation junction of dabber, has played the guard action to the dabber.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the sliding seat is provided with a gas pipe, the gas pipe is connected with a plurality of nozzles, and a belt of the conveyor is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the dabber withdraws from the bolt hole of drawing the piece, and the gas-supply pipe communicates with high pressurized air source, and each shower nozzle blows off high-pressure draught to drawing the piece of taking off, will draw the burr piece on the piece of taking off to blow off, need not the manual work and clears up, has further reduced operator's work load.

In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. dross is gathered by adding a deslagging agent into the molten aluminum, convenience is provided for fishing and cleaning operators, the possibility of dross or slag inclusion residue is reduced, and the forming quality of the pull-off block is improved;

2. the burr removing, airflow cleaning and bolt orifice chamfering smooth surface of the pull-off block are realized through the burr cleaning machine, the workload of an operator is reduced, the process flow is simplified, and the improvement of the processing efficiency of the pull-off block is facilitated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present embodiment.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram for embodying the clamping member in the present embodiment.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of fig. 3 at B.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the steel wire and the milling cutter according to the embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the present embodiment for embodying the driving gear and the driven gear.

In the figure, 1, a conveyor; 11. positioning blocks; 2. a frame; 21. a first servo cylinder; 22. a slide plate; 23. a rotary cylinder; 24. a middle plate; 25. a support frame; 3. a clamping member; 31. a pneumatic finger; 32. a clamping block; 33. a clamping block; 34. a compression spring; 35. pressing a plate; 36. a guide post; 37. a guide groove; 38. a guide surface; 4. cleaning the workpiece; 41. a slide base; 42. a second servo cylinder; 43. a servo motor; 431. a driving gear; 44. a fixing plate; 45. a mandrel; 451. a steel wire; 452. milling cutters; 46. a driven gear; 47. a shaft sleeve; 471. oil sealing; 5. a gas delivery pipe; 51. and (4) a spray head.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention discloses a processing technology of an automobile pulling-out block, which comprises the following steps: a1, preparing raw materials and debugging equipment; conveying returned materials such as aluminum alloy blocks or waste castings, pouring gates, dead heads and the like made of the same materials to a melting furnace by using a trolley or a forklift, checking tools such as melting and sampling, keeping the tools dry, and wearing protective clothing by workers of the melting furnace; checking whether the functions of the switches of the die casting machine are normal or not and whether the machine has abnormal sound or not, and then oiling and preheating the die.

A2, adding the aluminum alloy blocks and the slugs into the melting furnace, heating and stirring to fully dissolve the aluminum alloy blocks and the slugs into liquid state.

A3, adding a deslagging agent into the molten aluminum, stirring, and fishing out the slag shells by using a scum rake plate after scum on the surface of the molten aluminum is gathered.

A4, keeping the temperature of the melting furnace at 730 ℃ and keeping the temperature for refining for 10-15 minutes. And taking out the molten aluminum after refining, standing for 8-10 minutes, and sampling the molten aluminum by workers and analyzing the component proportion in the molten aluminum to ensure that the mass percent of each component of the molten aluminum meets the requirement.

And A5, injecting molten aluminum into a die of a die casting machine, controlling the temperature and pressure in the die, and carrying out die casting on the molten aluminum.

A6, taking out the pull-off block, and processing burrs in each bolt hole and chamfer angles of the bolt hole of the pull-off block by using a burr cleaning machine, so that the surface quality of the pull-off block is improved, and the pull-off block is convenient to install and cooperate in practical use.

Because the slag remover has the characteristics of no cracking of the slag remover, quick and uniform spreading and strong slag gathering capacity, scum on the surface of molten aluminum is quickly gathered into a slag shell which is easy to separate from the molten aluminum, and a worker can obtain pure molten aluminum by removing the slag shell, thereby reducing the possibility of slag inclusion of a pull-off block casting and improving the forming quality of the pull-off block.

As shown in fig. 1, the burr cleaning machine comprises a conveyor 1 and a frame 2, the conveyor 1 adopts a belt conveyor 1, a plurality of positioning blocks 11 are arranged on a belt of the conveyor 1 at equal intervals along the outer contour of the belt, the positioning blocks 11 are matched with a central groove on a pulling-off block in an inserting manner, in actual work, the conveyor 1 can also adopt a chain plate conveyor 1, an operator places an input end of the conveyor 1 at a die casting machine, and places an output end at the frame 2 and penetrates through the frame 2.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a first servo cylinder 21 and a sliding plate 22 are arranged on the frame 2 and are distributed from top to bottom along the height direction of the frame 2, wherein the sliding plate 22 is connected with the frame 2 in a sliding manner, a piston rod of the first servo cylinder 21 is connected with the sliding plate 22 to drive the sliding plate 22 to move up and down, a rotary cylinder 23 is arranged on the side wall of the sliding plate 22, an intermediate plate 24 is connected on a rotary disc of the rotary cylinder 23, and a clamping member 3 for clamping a pulling-off block is arranged at one end of the intermediate plate 24 away from the rotary cylinder 23.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the clamping member 3 includes a pneumatic finger 31 disposed at one end of the middle plate 24 away from the rotary cylinder 23, clamping blocks 32 are disposed on two clamping jaws of the pneumatic finger 31, a distance between the two clamping blocks 32 is greater than a width of the pull-off block, clamping blocks 33 are disposed on opposite sides of the two clamping blocks 32, compression springs 34 are disposed on the two clamping blocks 33, a pressing plate 35 is connected to one end of the compression spring 34 away from the clamping block 33, a guide post 36 and a guide groove 37 are disposed on opposite sides of the pressing plate 35 and the clamping block 33, when the compression spring 34 is in a natural state, one end of the guide post 36 is inserted into the guide groove 37, the distance between two surfaces of the fixture block 33, which are opposite to the pressure plate 35, is 1-3mm larger than the distance between two side plates of the pull-off block, the edges of the two surfaces of the fixture block 33, which are opposite to the pressure plate 35, are provided with guide surfaces 38, when the intermediate plate 24 is in the initial position, the intermediate plate 24 is vertically distributed and the pneumatic fingers 31 are located directly above the conveyor 1.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a support frame 25 is arranged on the side wall of the frame 2, and a cleaning piece 4 is arranged on the support frame 25; the cleaning part 4 comprises a sliding seat 41 which is connected to the support frame 25 in a sliding manner and moves in the horizontal direction, a servo motor 43 and a fixing plate 44 are arranged on the sliding seat 41, a driving gear 431 is arranged on a motor shaft of the servo motor 43, four through holes are formed in the fixing plate 44, a bearing is arranged in each through hole, a mandrel 45 is arranged on an inner ring of each bearing, a driven gear 46 is arranged at one end, facing the servo motor 43, of each mandrel 45, a milling cutter 452 and steel wires 451 distributed in the length direction of the mandrel 45 are arranged at the other end of each mandrel 45, the milling cutter 452 is conical and is positioned on one side, close to the fixing plate 44, of each mandrel 45, the distribution length of the steel wires 451 is larger than the width of a pulling-off block, each driven gear 46 is distributed around the driving gear 431 and is meshed with the driving gear 431, a second servo cylinder 42.

As shown in fig. 5, a shaft sleeve 47 corresponding to each spindle 45 is arranged on one side of the fixing plate 44 away from the servo motor 43, the spindle 45 penetrates through the shaft sleeve 47 from the corresponding shaft sleeve 47, the inner diameter of the shaft sleeve 47 is larger than the outer diameter of the bearing, and an oil seal 471 matched with the spindle 45 is arranged in the shaft sleeve 47 to reduce the entering of particles such as dust into the bearing.

As shown in fig. 2, the slide base 41 is provided with an air pipe 5 on one side of the fixing plate 44 away from the servo motor 43, one end of the air pipe 5 is closed, the other end of the air pipe 5 is communicated with a high-pressure air source, a valve for controlling the input or stop of air flow is arranged on the air pipe 5, a plurality of nozzles 51 are arranged on the air pipe 5, and each nozzle 51 is inclined upwards and faces towards the steel wire 451; when the middle plate 24 rotates to a horizontal position towards the support frame 25, the pneumatic fingers 31 are distributed opposite to the fixing plate 44.

After the pull-out block is formed by die casting, an operator takes out the pull-out block for cooling, then puts the pull-out block on the conveyor 1 and enables the positioning block 11 to be in inserted connection with the central groove of the pull-out block; when the pull-out block moves to the position of the pneumatic finger 31 under the transmission of the conveyor 1, the pull-out block is located between the two clamping blocks 33, the conveyor 1 is suspended, the pneumatic finger 31 is started to drive the two clamping jaws to be close to each other, the guide surface 38 enables the pressing plate 35 to be close to the clamping blocks 33 under the extrusion of the two side plates of the pull-out block, then the clamping blocks 32 are abutted to the pull-out block, the pressing plate 35 and the clamping blocks 33 are inserted between the two side plates, the compression spring 34 is compressed to generate elastic deformation, so that the pressing plate 35 and the clamping blocks 33 are abutted to the two side plates, and the stable clamping of the pull-out block is completed.

First servo cylinder 21 starts, drive slide 22 rebound, make and draw off the piece and the separation of locating piece 11, revolving cylinder 23 starts, drive intermediate plate 24 rotates to horizontal position, dabber 45 just one-to-one with the bolt hole on the piece that draws off this moment, servo motor 43 starts, drive driving gear 431 rotates, driving gear 431 drives each driven gear 46 and rotates, thereby make each dabber 45 synchronous revolution, second servo cylinder 42 starts, drive slide 41 advances, it is downthehole to drive the insert bolt of rotatory steel wire 451, scrape burr in the screw hole, after rotatory milling cutter 452 supports with bolt drill way chamfer, second servo cylinder 42 pauses, milling cutter 452 carries out the plain noodles operation to bolt drill way chamfer, increase the finish degree of drill way chamfer inner wall, so that the cooperation during later stage installation.

When the slide 41 advances, the valve is opened, high-pressure air is supplied into the air delivery pipe 5 and then blown out from each nozzle 51, and fine debris such as burrs scraped off by the pull-off block and remaining on the wire 451 is blown off.

The second servo cylinder 42 is started and drives the sliding seat 41 to retreat and reset, the rotary cylinder 23 is started, the middle plate 24 is driven to rotate to a vertical position, then the first servo cylinder 21 drives the sliding plate 22 to descend, the pull-off block is placed on the conveyor 1, meanwhile, the positioning block 11 is inserted into the central groove, the pneumatic finger 31 drives the two clamping blocks 32 to open, the clamping block 33 is separated from the pull-off block, the conveyor 1 is started, the next pull-off block is transmitted to the position between the two clamping blocks 32, the steps are repeated, scraping of the burrs of the bolt holes of the pull-off block and purging of the holes chamfer and the burrs are achieved, the functions are various, the structure is compact, compared with the prior casting in the traditional process flow, the burrs are scraped manually after the process flow, the holes chamfer is polished, the time required by the process flow is shortened.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A processing technology of an automobile pulling-out block is characterized by comprising the following steps: a1, preparing raw materials; a2, adding the aluminum alloy block into a melting furnace, heating and stirring to dissolve the aluminum alloy block into liquid; a3, adding a deslagging agent, stirring the molten aluminum and fishing out a slag shell formed by aggregation of the molten aluminum; a4, keeping the temperature of the melting furnace constant and keeping for 10-15 minutes; a5, injecting molten aluminum into a die of a die casting machine, and controlling the temperature and pressure in the die; and A6, taking out the pull-off block, and removing burrs in each bolt hole of the pull-off block by using a burr cleaning machine.

2. The automobile pulling-off block processing technology of claim 1, characterized in that: and after the step A4 is finished, taking out the aluminum water and standing for 8-10 minutes.

3. The automobile pulling-off block processing technology of claim 1, characterized in that: the burr cleaning machine comprises a conveyor (1), a rack (2) and a first servo cylinder (21) arranged on the rack (2), wherein a sliding plate (22) is connected to the rack (2) in a sliding manner, the sliding plate (22) is connected with a piston rod of the first servo cylinder (21), a rotary cylinder (23) is arranged on the sliding plate (22), a middle plate (24) is connected to a rotary disc of the rotary cylinder (23), a clamping piece (3) used for clamping a pulling-off block is installed at one end of the middle plate (24), a supporting frame (25) is arranged on the side wall of the rack (2), a cleaning piece (4) is arranged on the supporting frame (25), when the middle plate (24) is located at an initial position, the middle plate (24) is vertically distributed, the clamping piece (3) is located right above the conveyor (1), and when the middle plate (24) rotates to a horizontal position, the clamping piece (3) and the cleaning piece (4) are distributed oppositely.

4. The automobile pulling-off block processing technology of claim 3, characterized in that: the clamping piece (3) comprises a pneumatic finger (31) arranged at one end, far away from the rotary cylinder (23), of the middle plate (24) and a clamping block (32) connected to two clamping jaws of the pneumatic finger (31).

5. The automobile pulling-off block processing technology of claim 4, characterized in that: clamping blocks (33) are arranged on the opposite sides of the two clamping blocks (32).

6. The automobile pulling-off block processing technology of claim 5, characterized in that: the side walls of the two clamping blocks (33) are connected with a pressing plate (35) through compression springs (34), the pressing plate (35) and the clamping blocks (33) are respectively provided with a guide pillar (36) and a guide groove (37), one end of the guide pillar (36) is inserted into the guide groove (37), and the edges of the pressing plate (35) and the clamping blocks (33) are provided with guide surfaces (38).

7. The automobile pulling-off block processing technology of claim 3, characterized in that: clearance piece (4) include slide (41), second servo cylinder (42) and servo motor (43), slide (41) sliding connection is on support frame (25), be equipped with fixed plate (44) on slide (41), it is connected with four dabber (45) to rotate on fixed plate (44), each all be equipped with steel wire (451) on dabber (45), servo motor (43) are installed on slide (41), be connected with driving gear (431) on the motor shaft of servo motor (43), each dabber (45) all are connected with driven gear (46) with driving gear (431) engaged with towards the one end of servo motor (43), second servo cylinder (42) set up on support frame (25), and the piston rod of second servo cylinder (42) is connected with slide (41).

8. The automobile pulling-off block processing technology of claim 7, characterized in that: each mandrel (45) is provided with a conical milling cutter (452).

9. The automobile pulling-off block processing technology of claim 8, characterized in that: the side wall of the fixing plate (44) is provided with a shaft sleeve (47) for each mandrel (45) to pass through, and an oil seal (471) matched with the mandrels (45) is arranged in the shaft sleeve (47).

10. The automobile pulling-off block processing technology of claim 9, characterized in that: be equipped with gas-supply pipe (5) on slide (41), be connected with a plurality of shower nozzles (51) on gas-supply pipe (5), be equipped with a plurality of locating pieces (11) on the belt of conveyer (1).