CN111585174A - Zero-power consumption ion generator - Google Patents
Zero-power consumption ion generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111585174A CN111585174A CN202010512346.5A CN202010512346A CN111585174A CN 111585174 A CN111585174 A CN 111585174A CN 202010512346 A CN202010512346 A CN 202010512346A CN 111585174 A CN111585174 A CN 111585174A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T23/00—Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
- H02M7/10—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode arranged for operation in series, e.g. for multiplication of voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
Abstract
The invention provides a zero-power consumption ionizer, which comprises a friction nano generator unit, an ion generation unit, a mechanical transmission unit, an air circulation unit and an AC-DC power management module, wherein the mechanical transmission unit is configured to transmit mechanical energy to the friction nano generator unit and the air circulation unit; the friction nano generator unit is configured to convert the mechanical energy of the mechanical transmission unit into alternating current, and the alternating current is rectified into direct current through the AC-DC power management module and then transmitted to the ion generation unit; the friction nano generator unit is a rotary sliding type friction nano generator. The air ion generator disclosed by the invention does not need external energy supply, can generate high voltage by utilizing external mechanical energy through the self friction nano generator and the AC-DC power management module, and realizes air ion generation by utilizing the high voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ionizers, in particular to a zero-power-consumption ionizer.
Background
The air negative ions can neutralize positively charged bacteria, dust, smoke and other particle pollutants in the air, thereby achieving the effect of air purification. Meanwhile, air negative ions can enter a human body circulatory system, so that the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is reduced, the blood calcium content is improved, and the tissue oxidation process is enhanced, thereby having the effects of relieving nerves and fatigue. Because of the lack of naturally-generated conditions of air negative ions in cities, the current artificial generation method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) the high-voltage electricity is used for generating ionization so as to enable air to generate negative ions; (2) spraying a fine water flow from a nozzle to the air by using the spraying effect of high-pressure water, and forming air negative ions when the fine water flow is scattered and cracked; (3) natural minerals are utilized and processed to form the material capable of releasing negative ions.
In view of the air anion generation scenario and the anion generation efficiency, the existing air anion generator mainly adopts the method (1) to generate anions by ionizing air with high voltage through external power supply. However, in addition to the disadvantage that the external power supply needs to consume energy, the current external power supply includes both ac and dc: the alternating current power supply needs an external socket, and the use of the product is limited in space; the dc power supply mode mainly refers to a mode of supplying power by using a battery, which increases the weight of the product on one hand and has a large influence on the environment by the battery on the other hand. Therefore, the external power supply mode not only increases the consumption of energy, but also influences the portability of the use of the anion generator.
In addition, positive air ions also have specific applications, such as removing static electricity in cavities, and keeping food fresh by using the positive air ions. The existing artificial generation method of air positive ions also has the problems similar to those in the air negative ion generation process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present invention is directed to an air ion generator that generates air ions using external mechanical energy without external power supply by rubbing a nano-generator unit in combination with an AC-DC power management module and an ion generation unit.
Specifically, the invention provides a zero-power-consumption ionizer, which comprises a friction nano generator unit, an ion generation unit, a mechanical transmission unit, an air circulation unit and an AC-DC power management module, wherein the mechanical transmission unit is connected with the friction nano generator unit and the air circulation unit and is configured to transmit the mechanical energy of the mechanical transmission unit to the friction nano generator unit and the air circulation unit; the friction nanometer generator unit is connected with the input end of the AC-DC power management module, the output end of the AC-DC power management module is connected with the ion generation unit, the friction nanometer generator unit converts the mechanical energy of the mechanical transmission unit into alternating current, and the alternating current is rectified into direct current by the AC-DC power management module and then transmitted to the ion generation unit; the friction nano generator unit is a rotary sliding type friction nano generator.
The ionizer provided by the invention can collect external mechanical energy and convert the mechanical energy into electric energy, and forms stable direct-current high-voltage electricity by utilizing the AC-DC power management module, thereby generating high-efficiency air ion output. This product can effectively utilize mechanical energy, need not outside energy supply, when reducing the electric energy consumption, has improved the portability that air ion generator used.
Further, the rotary sliding type friction nano-generator comprises a disc type rotary unit and a static unit, wherein the rotary unit is configured to rotate relative to the static unit under the driving of the mechanical transmission unit, the rotary unit comprises a first central through hole, the static unit comprises a second central through hole, and the rotary unit comprises a first substrate and a first friction electrification layer arranged below the first substrate; the static unit comprises a second substrate, an electrode layer arranged above the second substrate and a second friction generating layer arranged above the electrode layer; the electrode layer comprises a plurality of fan-shaped electrodes arranged at intervals, and the first triboelectric layer comprises a plurality of fan-shaped triboelectric blocks arranged at intervals.
Further, the rotary sliding type friction nano-generator comprises a disc type rotary unit and a static unit, wherein the rotary unit is configured to rotate relative to the static unit under the driving of the mechanical transmission unit, the rotary unit comprises a first central through hole, the static unit comprises a second central through hole, the rotary unit comprises a first substrate, an electrode layer arranged below the first substrate, and a first friction generating layer arranged below the electrode layer; the static unit comprises a second substrate and a second friction generating layer arranged on the substrate; the electrode layer comprises a plurality of fan-shaped electrodes arranged at intervals, and the second triboelectric layer comprises a plurality of fan-shaped triboelectric blocks arranged at intervals.
Further, the area of the sector triboelectrification block is smaller than or equal to the area of the sector electrodes, and the number of the sector electrodes is twice that of the triboelectrification block.
Further, the number of the sector electrodes is 2-20, and the number of the sector triboelectrification units is 1-10; the distance between two adjacent electrodes of the sector electrode is 10 mu m-1 cm.
Further, the friction nanometer generator unit comprises a main friction generator and an auxiliary friction generator for providing charges for the main friction generator, the main friction generator and the auxiliary friction generator are respectively connected with the mechanical transmission unit, an electrode of the main friction generator is connected with an input end of the AC-DC power supply management module, and a voltage-multiplying rectification circuit is connected between the main friction generator and the auxiliary friction generator.
Further, the auxiliary friction generator has the same structure as the rotary sliding type friction nano generator, the main friction generator comprises an upper substrate layer, an upper electrode layer, a friction initiation layer, a lower electrode layer and a lower substrate layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper electrode layer is arranged below the upper substrate layer, the lower electrode layer is arranged above the lower substrate layer, the friction initiation layer is arranged below the upper electrode layer or above the lower electrode layer, when the friction initiation layer is arranged below the upper electrode layer, the upper substrate layer, the upper electrode layer and the friction initiation layer jointly form a rotating unit of the main friction generator, and the lower substrate layer and the lower electrode layer jointly form a static unit of the main friction generator; when the triboelectric layer is disposed above the lower electrode layer, the upper substrate layer and the upper electrode layer together constitute a rotating unit of the main triboelectric generator, and the lower substrate layer, the lower electrode layer and the triboelectric layer together constitute a stationary unit of the main triboelectric generator.
Further, the upper electrode layer comprises a plurality of spaced electrodes and the lower electrode layer comprises a plurality of spaced electrodes; the number of the electrodes of the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer is set to be 2-20, and the spacing distance between adjacent electrodes is 10 mu m-1 cm.
Further, the mechanical transmission unit comprises a transmission main shaft, and a first driving part and a second driving part which are connected to the transmission main shaft, the first driving part and the second driving part are respectively connected with the friction nano generator unit and the air circulation unit, and the first through hole and the second through hole are used for receiving the transmission main shaft of the mechanical transmission unit.
Further, the speed change ratio of the input rotation speed to the output rotation speed of the second driving part is 0.005-1.
Further, the ionizer of the present invention further comprises a first generator base layer, a second generator base layer, an encapsulation layer, and a side encapsulation unit; the friction nano generator unit is arranged above the first generator substrate layer, the ion generation unit is arranged above the second generator substrate layer, the air circulation unit is arranged below the second generator substrate layer, and the side packaging unit is connected with the first generator substrate layer and the second generator substrate layer to form a first cavity structure together; the packaging layer is of a door-shaped structure and is connected with the first generator basal layer to form a second cavity structure.
Further, the first generator substrate layer comprises a first opening for receiving the mechanical transmission unit and one or more second openings for air flow, and the second generator substrate layer, the top surface of the encapsulation layer and the side encapsulation unit are all provided with one or more air flow openings.
Further, the diameter of the first opening of the first generator substrate layer is 3mm to 10cm, and the diameter of the second opening of the first generator substrate layer, the second generator substrate layer, the top surface of the encapsulation layer, and the airflow opening of the side encapsulation unit is 1 μm to 10 mm.
Further, the AC-DC power management module may be disposed at any position of the ionizer, and preferably, the AC-DC power management module is disposed within the second cavity structure.
Further, the AC-DC power management module comprises one or more rectifier diodes, one or more high-voltage capacitors and a voltage stabilizing diode which are connected in series. The AC-DC power supply management module is arranged in such a way that an alternating current signal input by the friction nano generator unit forms a direct current signal after passing through a rectifying circuit formed by a plurality of serially connected rectifying diodes; and finally, the rated DC voltage is controlled and limited through a voltage stabilizing diode.
Furthermore, the ion generation unit also comprises a conductive electrode, the conductive electrode comprises a tip electrode array, the diameter of the tip electrode is 10 nm-1.5 mm, the conductive electrode can be made of carbon nano fibers, a ZnO nano wire array covered by the conductive layer and all conductive materials meeting the requirement of the tip size.
Further, when the conductive electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the AC-DC power supply management module and the positive electrode of the output end of the AC-DC power supply management module is grounded, the ionizer is a negative ion generator; when the conductive electrode is connected with the positive electrode of the output end of the AC-DC power supply management module and the negative electrode of the output end of the AC-DC power supply management module is grounded, the ion generator is a positive ion generator.
Further, the air circulation unit comprises one or more exhaust fan blades, and the exhaust fan blades can suck air from the first cavity structure and exhaust air to the second cavity structure, so that air ions in the second cavity structure flow out to the outside, and meanwhile, outside air is input into the second cavity structure.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the air ion generator disclosed by the invention does not need external energy supply, can generate high voltage by utilizing external mechanical energy through the self friction nano generator and the AC-DC power management module, and realizes air ion generation by utilizing the high voltage.
(2) The air ion generator adopts the rotary sliding type friction nano generator, can generate high-voltage output characteristics, is combined with the AC-DC power supply management module, does not need a complex direct-current voltage transformation circuit technology, and does not need external electric energy supply.
(3) The air ion generator is internally provided with the air circulation unit, so that air ions generated in the air ion generation unit layer are automatically blown out, and the release of the air ions is accelerated.
(4) The air ion generator comprises two ion generation modes, wherein one mode is an anion generation mode, and the air ion generator has the characteristics of wide use scene and the like, and can be used for indoor air purification and smoke treatment; the other is a positive ion generation mode, can be used for removing static electricity in a cavity and is used in the technical field of production of semiconductors, integrated circuits and the like.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a zero-power-consumption ionizer according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the mechanical transmission unit.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a friction nanogenerator unit.
FIGS. 4A-4B are top views of an electrode and triboelectric layer of a triboelectric nanogenerator unit in one embodiment.
Fig. 5A-5B are top views of the electrodes and triboelectric layers of a triboelectric nanogenerator unit in another embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the friction nano generator unit for generating an alternating current signal.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a friction nanogenerator unit according to another embodiment.
Fig. 8A-8B are schematic diagrams illustrating a charge accumulation process and a voltage stabilization output process, respectively, of the triboelectric nanogenerator unit of the embodiment shown in fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit of the ionizer of this invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a voltage doubling circuit.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the result of removing air particles by the ionizer of this invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like, as used herein, are used only to distinguish between different objects, and do not imply any particular sequential relationship between the objects. The terms "include" and "comprise," as well as derivatives thereof, mean inclusion without limitation. Unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, mechanical or electrical connections, and communications between two elements, either directly or indirectly through intervening media, as well as the specific meanings of such terms as may be understood by those skilled in the art based on the context.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a zero-power-consumption ionizer according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the ionizer includes a mechanical transmission unit 1, a friction nanogenerator unit 2, an ion generation unit 3, an air circulation unit 4, and an AC-DC power management module 5. One end of the mechanical transmission unit 1 is respectively connected with the friction nano generator unit 2 and the air circulation unit 4, and the mechanical transmission unit 1 is configured to be capable of mechanically transmitting external mechanical energy to the friction nano generator unit 2 and the air circulation unit 4 in the form of rotational kinetic energy. The friction nano generator unit 2 can convert the rotational kinetic energy into electric energy, and the electric energy is input into an input end (AC end) of the AC-DC power management module 5 to form stable direct-current high-voltage electricity. The ion generating unit 3 is connected to an output terminal (DC terminal) of the AC-DC power management module 5, generates high-efficiency positive or negative air ions in a high-voltage ionization manner, and outputs the positive or negative air ions with the help of the air circulating unit 4. The ion generator can collect external mechanical energy and convert the mechanical energy into electric energy, and forms stable direct-current high-voltage electricity by using the AC-DC power supply management module, so that high-efficiency air ion output is generated by the ion generating unit. This product can effectively utilize mechanical energy, need not outside energy supply, when reducing the electric energy consumption to can improve the portability that air ion generator used.
In the present embodiment, the ion generating unit 3 includes an electrode 31. In one embodiment, electrode 31 comprises an array of tip electrodes. The tip size of the tip electrode is preferably 10nm-1mm, and the material of the tip electrode is preferably carbon nanofiber, ZnO nanowire array and conductive material meeting the size requirement. The air circulation unit 4 includes one or several exhaust fan blades for controlling the directional flow of air inside the ionizer, assisting the output of generated air ions and the inflow of air inside the ionizer.
As shown in fig. 1, the ionizer of the present invention further includes a first generator base layer 6, a second generator base layer 7, an encapsulation layer 8, and a side encapsulation unit 9. The first generator substrate layer 6, the second generator substrate layer 7, the encapsulation layer 8 and the side encapsulation unit 9 support and encapsulate the stack of the individual units of the ionizer of this invention. Specifically, the side encapsulation unit 9 connects the first generator substrate layer 6 and the second generator substrate layer 7, and the first generator substrate layer 6, the second generator substrate layer 7 and the side encapsulation unit 9 together form a first cavity. The packaging layer 8 is of a structure shaped like a Chinese character 'men', the packaging layer 8 is connected with the second generator substrate layer 7, and the packaging layer 8 and the second generator substrate layer 7 jointly form a second cavity. The triboelectric nanogenerator unit 2 is arranged on a first generator substrate layer 6, located within the first cavity. The ion generating unit 3 is arranged above the second generator substrate layer 7 and is positioned in the second cavity; the air circulation unit 4 is arranged below the second generator substrate layer 7, within the first cavity. In a preferred embodiment, the first generator substrate layer 6, the second generator substrate layer 7, the encapsulation layer 8 and the side encapsulation unit 9 may be made of a hard material. In the present invention, the first generator base layer 6 includes a first hole 61 and a second hole 62, the first hole 61 being for the main transmission shaft 11 of the mechanical transmission unit 1 to pass through; the second openings 62 are air flow openings for air flow, the number of the second openings 62 may be one or more, and the diameter of the second openings 62 may be set to 1 μm to 5 mm. The second generator substrate layer 7, the top surface of the encapsulation layer 8 and the side encapsulation unit 9 are provided with one or more air flow openings 71, 81 and 91, the diameter of the air flow openings 71, 81 and 91 may be set to 1 μm-5 mm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the other end (external mechanical energy source end) of the mechanical transmission unit 1 may be connected to any mechanical energy generating device, so as to utilize the external mechanical energy and input the external mechanical energy into the system, for example, the external mechanical energy source of the mechanical transmission unit 1 is manual, and in this case, the ionizer may be a hand-operated negative ion generator, which is convenient for carrying and moving. As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical transmission unit 1 includes a main transmission shaft 11, and a first driving part 12 and a second driving part 13 connected to the main transmission shaft 11, the main transmission shaft 11 is connected to a rocker for transmitting external mechanical energy into the system, the first driving part 12 and the second driving part 13 are respectively connected to the friction nanogenerator unit 2 and the air circulation unit 4, and are capable of simultaneously applying mechanical energy to the friction nanogenerator unit 2 and the air circulation unit 4 to drive the friction nanogenerator unit 2 and the air circulation unit 4 to move. The first drive component 12 and the friction nanogenerator unit 2 may be rigidly connected or flexibly connected. The second driving part 13 includes a first gear 131 connected to the main transmission shaft 11, a second gear 132 (the second gear is a double change gear 132) connected to the first gear 131, and a third gear 133 connected to the double change gear 132, the third gear 133 being connected to the air circulation unit 4. Preferably, the input speed to output speed ratio of the second drive member 13 is 0.005-1. Furthermore, the second drive component 13 comprises a housing 134.
In addition, the mechanical transmission unit 1 may also adopt other transmission mechanisms with similar operation principle as that of fig. 2 in the prior art.
The triboelectric nanogenerator unit 2 includes a rotating unit 21 and a stationary unit 22, the rotating unit 21 includes a first substrate 211 and a first triboelectric layer 212 disposed on the first substrate 211, and the stationary unit 22 includes a second substrate 221 and an electrode layer 222 and a second triboelectric layer 223 sequentially disposed on the second substrate 221. The first triboelectric layer 212 and the second triboelectric layer 223 are arranged oppositely and have different triboelectric characteristics, and when in contact friction, the first triboelectric layer 212 and the second triboelectric layer 223 generate triboelectric charges with different signs, and output electric energy by working on an electrostatic field. The triboelectrification layer material can be selected and paired from the field of a friction generator, the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the above, and commonly used triboelectrification layer materials are nylon (PA), Polyurethane (PU), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), Polyethylene (PE), poly (terephthalic acid) (PET), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer (FEP), Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), dupontTMProduced by
Polyimide films, and the like. In order to be able to generate a larger energy output or obtain better stability, the thickness of the first triboelectric layer 212 and/or the second triboelectric layer 223 is preferably 10nm to 1 mm. In some embodiments, surface modification such as micro-nano structure, chemical group and the like can be performed on the surface of the triboelectric layer, so that the electrical output characteristic is enhanced.
Fig. 3 to 5 show a detailed structure of the triboelectric nanogenerator unit 2 according to the invention, fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the triboelectric nanogenerator unit 2, fig. 4A and 5A are bottom views of the rotary unit 21, and fig. 4B and 5B are top views of the stationary unit 22 with the triboelectric layer removed. In some embodiments of the present invention, the friction nanogenerator unit 2 has a disc type structure, and the disc type rotating unit 21 and the stationary unit 22 have a through hole 23 at the center, and the through hole 23 is used for receiving the main transmission shaft 11 of the mechanical transmission unit 1 to pass through. The electrodes on the electrode layer 222 of the stationary unit 22 are spaced apart, preferably, two adjacent sector electrodes (a first sector electrode and a second sector electrode) are spaced apart by a distance d of 10 μm to 1cm, and the total number of the electrodes is 2 to 20, that is, the number of the first sector electrode and the second sector electrode is 1 to 10 respectively, the first sector electrodes are electrically connected to each other, and the second sector electrodes are electrically connected to each other. Correspondingly, the first triboelectric layers 212 of the rotating unit 21 are also arranged at intervals, the area of the single sector-shaped triboelectric blocks of the first triboelectric layers 212 is smaller than or equal to the area of the single sector-shaped electrode on the electrode layer 222, preferably the area of the single triboelectric blocks of the first triboelectric layers 212 is equal to the area of the single electrode on the electrode layer 222, and the number of the single triboelectric blocks is half of the number of the electrodes. In the embodiment of the triboelectric nanogenerator unit shown in fig. 4A and 4B, the number of the electrodes of the electrode layer 222 of the stationary unit 22 is 4, and the number of the triboelectric blocks of the triboelectric layer 221 of the corresponding rotating unit 21 is 2; the distance d between two adjacent electrodes is 1 mm. In the embodiment of the triboelectric nanogenerator unit shown in fig. 5A and 5B, the number of the electrodes of the electrode layer 222 of the stationary unit 22 is 8, and the number of the triboelectric blocks of the triboelectric layer 221 of the corresponding rotating unit 21 is 4; the distance d between two adjacent electrodes is 5 mm. In the invention, under the condition that the distance d between adjacent electrodes is not changed, the more the electrode division number is, the lower the output voltage of the friction nano generator is, but the larger the output charge of the generator is; and under the condition that the electrode division number is the same, the larger the electrode distance d is, the higher the output voltage of the friction nano generator is, and the smaller the output charge is. In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the electrodes is set to 4 to 12, and the electrode interval d is set to 100 μm to 7 mm.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a rotation unit includes a first substrate and an electrode layer disposed on the first substrate, and a first triboelectric layer disposed on the electrode layer; the static unit comprises a second substrate and a second friction generating layer arranged on the second substrate; the electrode layer comprises a plurality of fan-shaped electrodes arranged at intervals, and the second triboelectric layer comprises a plurality of fan-shaped triboelectric blocks arranged at intervals.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the ac signal generated by the friction nanogenerator. When the first triboelectric layer 212 rotates under the action of the mechanical transmission unit 1, the electrostatic field generated by the first triboelectric layer 212 changes, and the potential difference between two adjacent electrodes of the electrode layer 222 changes, so as to generate an ac output.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the triboelectric nanogenerator unit 200. In this embodiment, the triboelectric nanogenerator unit 200 comprises a main triboelectric generator 201 and an auxiliary triboelectric generator 202 providing an electric charge to the main triboelectric generator 201. The main friction generator 201 provides voltage for the negative ion unit, and the main friction generator 201 can be soaked in lubricating oil with weak polarity, such as paraffin oil, silicone oil, and the like, so as to reduce the wear of the main friction generator. The structure of the auxiliary triboelectric generator 202 is the same as or similar to the triboelectric nanogenerator 2 structure shown in fig. 3 to 5. The rotating unit and the static unit of the auxiliary friction generator 202 can be separated by a certain distance, and the separation distance is 10 mu m-1mm, so that the abrasion of the rotating unit and the static unit in relative sliding can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 7, the main friction generator 201 includes an upper substrate layer 2011, an upper electrode layer 2012, a triboelectric layer 2013, a lower electrode layer 2014, and a lower substrate layer 2015, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The upper electrode layer 2012 is disposed on the upper substrate layer 2011, the lower electrode layer 2014 is disposed on the lower substrate layer 2015, and the triboelectric layer 2013 is disposed on the upper electrode layer 2012 or the lower electrode layer 2014. When the triboelectric layer 2013 is disposed on the upper electrode layer 2012, the upper substrate layer 2011, the upper electrode layer 2012 and the triboelectric layer 2013 together constitute a rotating unit of the main friction generator 201, and the lower substrate layer 2015 and the lower electrode layer 2014 together constitute a stationary unit of the main friction generator; when the friction generating layer 2013 is disposed on the lower electrode layer 2014, the upper substrate layer 2011 and the upper electrode layer 2012 jointly constitute a rotating unit of the main friction generator, and the lower substrate layer 2015, the lower electrode layer 2014 and the friction generating layer 2013 jointly constitute a stationary unit of the main friction generator. The electrodes in the upper electrode layer 2012 and the lower electrode layer 2014 are both arranged at intervals, and the size and the number of the electrodes arranged in the two electrode layers are both the same. Preferably, the distance between two adjacent electrodes in the upper electrode layer 2012 is 10 μm to 1cm, and the number of electrodes is 2 to 20; the distance between two adjacent electrodes in the lower electrode layer 2014 is 10 μm-1 cm, and the number of the electrodes is 2-20. A voltage-doubling rectifying circuit 203 is connected between the main friction generator 201 and the auxiliary friction generator 202.
Fig. 8A and 8B illustrate a charge accumulation process and a voltage stabilization output process, respectively, of the frictional nanogenerator unit 200 of the embodiment shown in fig. 7. As the rotation unit of the auxiliary friction generator 202 rotates, electric charges are generated between both electrodes of the auxiliary friction generator 202, and the auxiliary friction generator 202 transfers the generated electric charges to both electrodes of the upper electrode layer 2012 of the main friction generator 201 through the voltage doubler rectification circuit 203, and the electric charges are gradually accumulated on both electrodes of the upper electrode layer 2012 of the main friction generator 201. After a certain charge is accumulated in the upper electrode layer 2012 of the main friction generator 201, the charge is outputted through the two electrodes of the lower electrode layer 2014 of the main friction generator 201 and is provided to the negative ion generating unit 3.
The air ion generator provided by the invention can be an air negative ion generator or an air positive ion generator. When the conductive electrode 31 of the ion generating unit 3 is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the AC-DC power supply management module 5, and the positive electrode of the output end of the AC-DC power supply management module 5 is grounded, the ionizer is a negative ion generator; when the conductive electrode 31 is connected to the positive electrode of the output terminal of the AC-DC power management module 5 and the negative electrode of the output terminal of the AC-DC power management module 5 is grounded, the ionizer is a positive ionizer. Fig. 9 shows a schematic circuit configuration diagram of an ionizer having two ion generation modes. The AC output of the friction nano-generator is rectified by a rectifier bridge 51 and then connected with an ionizer. When the switch 52 is turned on the ion generating unit 3 and the switch 53 is grounded, the ionizer of the present invention is an anion generator, which can generate anions; when the switch 53 turns on the ion generating unit 3 and the switch 52 is grounded, the ionizer of the present invention is a positive ion generator, and can generate positive ions.
Fig. 10 shows a circuit diagram of a voltage doubler circuit in an embodiment of the invention. The voltage doubling circuit shown in fig. 10 can be used as the AC-DC power management module 5 if the output voltage of the triboelectric generator is low and cannot effectively ionize air. As shown in fig. 10, the voltage doubling circuit includes a rectifying diode unit 501, a high voltage capacitor unit 502, and a zener diode 503. AC electric energy U converted by friction nano generator unit0Can be converted into 6U by AC input in the figure0The output voltage of the dc output terminal can be controlled not to exceed U by selecting the reverse blocking voltage U of the zener diode 503. Fig. 10 shows only one particular case of this embodiment, and other embodiments based on this mechanism are also within the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 11 shows an ionizer of the present invention removing Particulate Matter (PM) from air2.5) The simulation result of (1). Two closed containers are arranged, one closed container is internally provided with the ion generator, the container provided with the ion generator is an experimental group, and the container not provided with the ion generator is a control group. And (4) injecting smoke into the two containers, and removing the smoke injection device when the smoke concentration in the two containers reaches a certain value. At this time, the ion generator in the container of the experimental group was turned on, and PM in the container of the experimental group was observed after a certain period of time2.5The value of (A) rapidly decreases to 0, while the PM in the control group container2.5The concentration is maintained unchanged, and the ions generated by the ion generator can effectively remove the particulate matter PM in the air2.5。
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A zero-power-consumption ionizer characterized in that: the system comprises a friction nano generator unit, an ion generation unit, a mechanical transmission unit, an air circulation unit and an AC-DC power management module, wherein the mechanical transmission unit is connected with the friction nano generator unit and the air circulation unit and is configured to transmit mechanical energy of the mechanical transmission unit to the friction nano generator unit and the air circulation unit; the friction nano generator unit is connected with the input end of the AC-DC power management module, the output end of the AC-DC power management module is connected with the ion generation unit, and the friction nano generator unit is configured to convert the mechanical energy of the mechanical transmission unit into alternating current, and transmit the alternating current to the ion generation unit after being rectified into direct current by the AC-DC power management module; the friction nano generator unit is a rotary sliding type friction nano generator.
2. The zero-power-consumption ionizer of claim 1, wherein: the rotary sliding type friction nano-generator comprises a disc type rotating unit and a static unit, the rotating unit is configured to rotate relative to the static unit under the driving of the mechanical transmission unit, the rotating unit comprises a first central through hole, the static unit comprises a second central through hole,
the rotating unit comprises a first substrate and a first triboelectric layer arranged below the first substrate; the static unit comprises a second substrate, an electrode layer arranged above the second substrate and a second friction generating layer arranged above the electrode layer; the electrode layer comprises a plurality of fan-shaped electrodes arranged at intervals, the first triboelectric layer comprises a plurality of fan-shaped triboelectric blocks arranged at intervals,
or the rotating unit comprises a first substrate, an electrode layer arranged below the first substrate and a first triboelectric layer arranged below the electrode layer; the static unit comprises a second substrate and a second friction generating layer arranged on the second substrate; the electrode layer comprises a plurality of fan-shaped electrodes arranged at intervals, and the second triboelectric layer comprises a plurality of fan-shaped triboelectric blocks arranged at intervals.
3. The zero-power-consumption ionizer according to claim 2, wherein: the area of the fan-shaped friction electrification block is smaller than or equal to that of the fan-shaped electrodes, and the number of the fan-shaped electrodes is twice that of the friction electrification block.
4. A zero-power-consumption ionizer according to claim 3, wherein: the number of the fan-shaped electrodes is 2-20, and the number of the fan-shaped friction electrification units is 1-10; the distance between two adjacent electrodes of the sector electrode is 10 mu m-1 cm.
5. The zero-power-consumption ionizer of claim 1, wherein: the friction nano generator unit comprises a main friction generator and an auxiliary friction generator for providing charges for the main friction generator, the main friction generator and the auxiliary friction generator are respectively connected with the mechanical transmission unit, the electrode of the main friction generator is connected with the input end of the AC-DC power supply management module,
and a voltage-multiplying rectifying circuit is connected between the main friction generator and the auxiliary friction generator.
6. The zero-power-consumption ionizer according to claim 5, wherein: the structure of the auxiliary friction generator is the same as that of the rotary sliding type friction nano generator, the main friction generator comprises an upper substrate layer, an upper electrode layer, a friction starting layer, a lower electrode layer and a lower substrate layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper electrode layer is arranged below the upper substrate layer, the lower electrode layer is arranged above the lower substrate layer, the friction starting layer is arranged below the upper electrode layer or above the lower electrode layer,
when the friction starting layer is arranged below the upper electrode layer, the upper substrate layer, the upper electrode layer and the friction starting layer jointly form a rotating unit of the main friction generator, and the lower substrate layer and the lower electrode layer jointly form a static unit of the main friction generator;
when the triboelectric layer is disposed above the lower electrode layer, the upper substrate layer and the upper electrode layer together constitute a rotating unit of the main triboelectric generator, and the lower substrate layer, the lower electrode layer and the triboelectric layer together constitute a stationary unit of the main triboelectric generator.
7. The zero-power-consumption ionizer according to claim 6, wherein: the upper electrode layer comprises a plurality of spaced electrodes and the lower electrode layer comprises a plurality of spaced electrodes; the number of the electrodes of the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer is set to be 2-20, and the spacing distance between adjacent electrodes is 10 mu m-1 cm.
8. The zero-power-consumption ionizer of claim 1, wherein: the mechanical transmission unit comprises a transmission main shaft, and a first driving part and a second driving part which are connected to the transmission main shaft, wherein the first driving part and the second driving part are respectively connected with the friction nano-generator unit and the air circulation unit.
9. The zero-power-consumption ionizer of claim 1, wherein: the packaging structure also comprises a first generator substrate layer, a second generator substrate layer, a packaging layer and a side packaging unit; the friction nanogenerator unit is disposed above the first generator substrate layer, the ion generation unit is disposed above the second generator substrate layer, the air circulation unit is disposed below the second generator substrate layer,
the side packaging unit is connected with the first generator substrate layer and the second generator substrate layer to form a first cavity structure together; the packaging layer is of a door-shaped structure and is connected with the first generator basal layer to form a second cavity structure.
10. The zero-power-consumption ionizer of claim 9, wherein: the first generator substrate layer includes a first opening for receiving the mechanical transmission unit and one or more second openings for air flow, and the second generator substrate layer, the top surface of the encapsulation layer, and the side encapsulation units are each provided with one or more air flow openings.
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| CN112853358A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 海信(广东)厨卫系统股份有限公司 | Protection device and apparatus |
| CN113390332A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-14 | 浙江工业大学 | Self-powered rotation sensor based on friction nanometer generator |
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| CN111585174B (en) | 2022-06-17 |
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