CN111583407A - Efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on paper drilling - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on paper drilling, which comprises the following steps: step 1, scanning a paper drilling histogram by a form identification method, uniformly filing the paper drilling histogram into image and character data, and identifying each form data respectively; step 2, summarizing and summarizing a standard geological formation table through machine learning, uniformly importing drilling data into a drilling standard database according to the table, reading drilling data point clouds from the drilling standard database, and connecting lines according to certain rules to generate a geological surface; and 3, geological knowledge can be integrated into the section diagram intercepted by the model, stratum pinch-out is processed, inappropriate places are modified and corrected, and the change of drilling data and the connection line can be synchronized to the geological model in real time. The processing method can reduce errors caused by manual processing, reduce risks and improve the efficiency and accuracy of the whole process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological information processing,
in particular, the invention relates to an efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on paper drilling.
Background
In the past practical production, the extraction of drilling information can be finished only by manually arranging data from paper documents. Due to the fact that the diversity of drilling sources is different from the standards of stratigraphic and lithological division, before drilling data can be used for three-dimensional geological modeling, a standard stratigraphic comparison table needs to be made according to the geological conditions of the region. Even if the drilling data are standardized according to the table and interpolation is carried out on the basis of stratum dividing points disclosed by the drilling, the obtained geometric model always has the condition of conflict with geological knowledge and needs to be continuously corrected at the later stage. The traditional modeling method for urban geological three-dimensional geology based on the paper drilling histogram has the defects of high error rate, low efficiency and the like, so that the process needs to be improved to a certain extent.
The Chinese invention patent CN108335355A provides a geologic body model construction method and a device, which belong to the technical field of geologic information, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: collecting a geological map, drilling data and topographic data, and drawing a section line according to the trend of stratums on the geological map, wherein the section line does not exceed the boundary of the geological map; processing address information of a region to be modeled according to a section line, a geological map, drilling data and topographic data to generate a geological section map; and carrying out model construction on the geological profile according to a boundary representation modeling method, determining the positions and the shapes of the surface information, the ring information, the side information and the point information, and generating a geological body model. According to the scheme, the visual geological characteristics, different rock stratum thicknesses and other information are utilized, the geological profile can be automatically generated, the geologic body model is quickly built, the work flow of building the geologic body model is simplified, the modeling speed and precision are improved, and the geologic body model is convenient to quickly update. The Chinese patent of invention CN110058298A provides a three-dimensional geologic body space interpolation method and a system, and the method comprises the steps of data preprocessing, horizon networking, horizon correction, attribute interpolation, attribute correction, horizon control body interpolation and the like. Through the spatial matching interpolation of the seismic amplitude and the shaft logging data under the control of the interpretation horizon, the spatial interpolation calculation of the engineering geological attributes of multiple wells is realized, the spatial distribution of the geological engineering attributes based on the seismic body is established, the spatialization and the materialization of the geological attributes are realized, and the attribute value extraction of any designed well curve is formed. The method and the device can be used for displaying various data to a 3D space in a real and dynamic manner on the basis of three-dimensional visualization, have the characteristics of clipping interpolation constraint information, selectable interpolation method and the like, and compared with the conventional interpolation method, the method and the device can be used for increasing constraint control conditions on the premise of not increasing operation complexity, improving interpolation precision, simplifying complex interaction in three-dimensional geologic body space interpolation, optimizing operation flow and improving working efficiency.
Although the invention improves the efficiency of three-dimensional geological modeling to a certain extent, if the invention is applied to the whole process of extracting drilling data to final model generation, a large amount of manual operation processes still exist, and a plurality of problems exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on paper drilling.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on paper drilling comprises the following steps:
step 1, scanning a paper drilling histogram by a form identification method, uniformly filing the paper drilling histogram into image and character data, and identifying each form data respectively;
step 2, summarizing and summarizing a standard geological formation table through machine learning, uniformly importing drilling data into a drilling standard database according to the table, reading drilling data point clouds from the drilling standard database, and connecting lines according to certain rules to generate a geological surface;
and 3, geological knowledge can be integrated into the section diagram intercepted by the model, stratum pinch-out is processed, inappropriate places are modified and corrected, and the change of drilling data and the connection line can be synchronized to the geological model in real time.
Preferably, in the step 2, stratum data in the drilling histogram is subjected to stratum standardization by a machine learning-based method, the recognized drilling stratum sequence is modified according to a standard stratum, geological knowledge is integrated, common geological nouns are imported into a corpus as training samples in advance, text classification is performed on the data in the drilling histogram by an NLP method again, results of the two are compared by combining a traditional machine learning method, and data with higher confidence level is obtained.
Preferably, the treatment method for treating the formation pinch-out in the step 3 is as follows:
aiming at the stratum pinch-out condition, the following parameters are determined according to the section connection rule: the length of a connecting line of crossed strata in the stacking line graph, the length from an end point to a cross point, the length of a stratum section line segment and the distance from the cross point to the previous stratum are calculated;
generating virtual stratum point cloud data according to the parameter interpolation, connecting the adjacent point data, and terminating the connection behavior when the connection is prolonged to a non-current stratum; when the thickness of the stratum is less than 2m, the pinch-out of the stratum is ignored; when the formation thickness is between 2m and 5m, the formation pinch-off control point is located at a distance 1/2 between the current borehole and the adjacent borehole; when the formation thickness exceeds 8m, the formation pinch-off control point is located at the current borehole and the adjacent borehole 2/3;
the distance between the stratum pinch-out control point and the current borehole is determined according to the following formula:
h represents the formation thickness, d represents the distance between the current borehole and the adjacent borehole, and L represents the distance between the formation pinch-off control point and the current borehole.
Preferably, if the points P0 and P1 in the first borehole have no corresponding lithology in the second borehole, there is a formation pinch-out; and taking the point P as the midpoint of the points P0 and P1, and the point Pn as the midpoint of the adjacent lithologic section of the second borehole, the formation pinch-off control point Pm is determined between the point P and the point Pn according to the following formula:
wherein, xyz is the space coordinate of the formation pinch-out control point Pm, xpypzp is the space coordinate of a point P, xnynzn is the space coordinate of a point Pn, and P0, P1, Pm, P and Pn are lithologic separation points of each section.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
according to the efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on the paper drilling, on one hand, information in a paper drilling histogram can be extracted quickly, and stratum data with low confidence rate can be standardized and replaced; on the other hand, geological knowledge can be integrated into the modeling process, stratum pinch-out and fault phenomena caused by data errors are reduced, the model is updated in real time, and the rationality of the three-dimensional geological model is improved.
The method carries out the process improvement on three aspects of data loss, data confusion and data distortion in the traditional geological model processing from three aspects of intelligent pretreatment of paper data, automatic extraction of tables of drilling histogram and automatic editing and calibration of profile map to a certain extent; standardizing the drilling stratum by a machine learning method; in the process of three-dimensional geological modeling, special geological conditions such as stratum pinch-out and the like can be automatically processed, so that the generation process of the whole three-dimensional geological model is more intelligent, errors caused by manual processing are reduced, risks are reduced, the efficiency and accuracy of the whole process are improved, researchers can take corresponding processing measures according to the actual conditions of the geological body, and scientific and reasonable decisions are made.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on paper drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional geological modeling image processing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of borehole formation classification provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of a database structure of drilling criteria according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Borehole histograms are composite plots compiled to describe the straticity, thickness, lithology, structural configuration and contact relationships of the borehole through the rock formation, groundwater sampling and testing, borehole configuration and drilling, and the like. The intelligent process starts from a paper drilling drawing, and comprises three steps from drilling data standardization to geological three-dimensional modeling real-time updating, the three-dimensional geological modeling can be realized without manual operation, an intelligently generated geological model can be changed after geological knowledge is integrated, and the model can be updated synchronously.
The embodiment of the invention provides an efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on paper drilling, the processing flow is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, scanning a paper drilling histogram by a form identification method, uniformly filing the paper drilling histogram into image and character data, and identifying each form data respectively;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: after obtaining a paper drilling data image by an electronic scanner, preprocessing the image, eliminating deformation in image scanning, extracting key data in the image, unifying the data into an electronic document, and filing the electronic document by a form extraction mode, as shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the following processes: acquiring a drilling histogram image, image preprocessing, table line recognition, cell positioning, text and symbol recognition, character correction and data storage.
Step 2, summarizing and summarizing a standard geological formation table through machine learning, uniformly importing drilling data into a drilling standard database according to the table, reading drilling data point clouds from the drilling standard database (a drilling standard database structure chart is shown in figure 4), and connecting lines according to certain rules to generate a geological surface;
and 2.1, a difficulty exists before the data is warehoused, because the paper drilling data have numerous and irregular sources, a large number of synonyms exist in labels and descriptions in the data, and semantic similar words in the data need to be processed and uniformly replaced by synonyms recommended to be used under the current standard before the data is warehoused. Because naming modes and specifications of different departments are different, the obtained drilling data numbers are inconsistent, before warehousing, the drilling holes need to be numbered again, and the process is roughly as follows:
1) all stratums of the drilling data are obtained, and stratums with the same semantic meaning are removed or combined.
2) Comparing the data of each drilling stratum with all the stratums, and appointing a standard stratum table according to an algorithm and expert guidance so that the overall sequence of the stratum conforms to an objective rule.
3) And based on the specified standard stratum table, carrying out iterative processing on the stratum sequences obtained by all the drill holes by using the algorithm so as to uniformly number the drill holes again.
And 2.2, establishing a stratum data corpus by machine learning according to multiple geological field data such as engineering geological survey specifications, city planning engineering geological survey specifications and the like. And performing feature selection on lithology description contents of the drilling library in the database to obtain a feature set of each stratum category and a total feature dictionary.
And 2.3, performing word segmentation on the training set by using a word segmentation tool, then using a BERT neural network, combining three types of results of original text data, a corpus and word segmentation, combining a text label of the text in a two-way recognition manner in the front and back, and using a multi-label text classification result to standardize lithologic description into a stratum result. The classification flow of the borehole formation is shown in fig. 3 and includes: reading the lithology of the drill hole, generating a text vector, generating a training file, generating an intermediate file, adding a geological corpus, synthesizing the training file, and training and identifying.
And 3, geological knowledge can be integrated into the section diagram intercepted by the model, stratum pinch-out is processed, inappropriate places are modified and corrected, and the change of drilling data and the connection line can be synchronized to the geological model in real time.
Step 3.1, the treatment method for treating the stratum pinch-out comprises the following steps: aiming at the stratum pinch-out condition, the following parameters are determined according to the section connection rule: 1. the length of the line of intersection strata in the stacking line plot; 2. calculating the length from the end point to the cross point; 3. length of a stratigraphic section line; 4. distance of intersection to previous formation.
And generating virtual stratum point cloud data according to the parameter interpolation, connecting the adjacent point data, and terminating the connection behavior when the connection is prolonged to a non-current stratum. According to convention, some stipulations are made on the location of the formation pinch-off: when the thickness of the stratum is less than 2m, the pinch-out of the stratum is ignored; when the formation thickness is between 2m and 5m, the formation pinch-off control point is located at a distance 1/2 between the current borehole and the adjacent borehole; when the formation thickness exceeds 8m, the formation pinch-off control point is located at the current borehole and the adjacent borehole 2/3.
The distance between the stratum pinch-out control point and the current borehole is determined according to the following formula:
h represents the formation thickness, d represents the distance between the current borehole and the adjacent borehole, and L represents the distance between the formation pinch-off control point and the current borehole.
Step 3.2, if the point P in the first borehole0And P1If the second borehole has no corresponding lithology, the stratum is quenched; taking the point P as the point P0And P1Point PnIs the middle point of the adjacent lithologic section of the second borehole, the formation pinch-off control point Pm is between the point P and the point Pn, and the formation pinch-off control point PmThe determination is made according to the following formula:
wherein, xyz is a stratum pinch-out control point PmSpatial coordinates of (a), xpypzpIs a point P space coordinate, xnynznIs a point PnSpatial coordinates of (A), P0、P1、Pm、P、PnSeparating points for each section of lithology.
In this way, after the model of the formation pinch-out is calculated, the position of the borehole connection line is modified, and the modification can be synchronized into the three-dimensional geological model without manual operation.
According to the efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on the paper drilling, on one hand, information in a paper drilling histogram can be extracted quickly, and stratum data with low confidence rate can be standardized and replaced; on the other hand, geological knowledge can be integrated into the modeling process, stratum pinch-out and fault phenomena caused by data errors are reduced, the model is updated in real time, and the rationality of the three-dimensional geological model is improved.
The method carries out the process improvement on three aspects of data loss, data confusion and data distortion in the traditional geological model processing from three aspects of intelligent pretreatment of paper data, automatic extraction of tables of drilling histogram and automatic editing and calibration of profile map to a certain extent; standardizing the drilling stratum by a machine learning method; in the process of three-dimensional geological modeling, special geological conditions such as stratum pinch-out and the like can be automatically processed, so that the generation process of the whole three-dimensional geological model is more intelligent, errors caused by manual processing are reduced, risks are reduced, the efficiency and accuracy of the whole process are improved, researchers can take corresponding processing measures according to the actual conditions of the geological body, and scientific and reasonable decisions are made.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on paper drilling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, scanning a paper drilling histogram by a form identification method, uniformly filing the paper drilling histogram into image and character data, and identifying each form data respectively;
step 2, summarizing and summarizing a standard geological formation table through machine learning, uniformly importing drilling data into a drilling standard database according to the table, reading drilling data point clouds from the drilling standard database, and connecting lines according to certain rules to generate a geological surface;
and 3, geological knowledge can be integrated into the section diagram intercepted by the model, stratum pinch-out is processed, inappropriate places are modified and corrected, and the change of drilling data and the connection line can be synchronized to the geological model in real time.
2. The efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on paper drilling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in step 2, the stratum data in the drilling histogram is subjected to stratum standardization by the machine learning-based method, the recognized drilling stratum sequence is modified according to the standard stratum, geological knowledge is blended, commonly used geological nouns are imported into a corpus as training samples in advance, the data in the drilling histogram is subjected to text classification again by means of an NLP method, and the results of the two are compared by combining a traditional machine learning method to obtain data with higher confidence level.
3. The efficient three-dimensional geological modeling intelligent processing method based on paper drilling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing method for processing the stratum pinch-out in step 3 is as follows:
aiming at the stratum pinch-out condition, the following parameters are determined according to the section connection rule: the length of a connecting line of crossed strata in the stacking line graph, the length from an end point to a cross point, the length of a stratum section line segment and the distance from the cross point to the previous stratum are calculated;
generating virtual stratum point cloud data according to the parameter interpolation, connecting the adjacent point data, and terminating the connection behavior when the connection is prolonged to a non-current stratum; when the thickness of the stratum is less than 2m, the pinch-out of the stratum is ignored; when the formation thickness is between 2m and 5m, the formation pinch-off control point is located at a distance 1/2 between the current borehole and the adjacent borehole; when the formation thickness exceeds 8m, the formation pinch-off control point is located at the current borehole and the adjacent borehole 2/3;
the distance between the stratum pinch-out control point and the current borehole is determined according to the following formula:
h represents the formation thickness, d represents the distance between the current borehole and the adjacent borehole, and L represents the distance between the formation pinch-off control point and the current borehole.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the point P is a point in the first borehole0And P1If the second borehole has no corresponding lithology, the stratum is quenched; taking the point P as the point P0And P1Point PnIs the middle point of the adjacent lithologic section of the second borehole, the formation pinch-off control point Pm is between the point P and the point Pn, and the formation pinch-off control point PmThe determination is made according to the following formula:
wherein, xyz is a stratum pinch-out control point PmSpatial coordinates of (a), xpypzpIs a point P space coordinate, xnynznIs a point PnSpatial coordinates of (A), P0、P1、Pm、P、PnSeparating points for each section of lithology.
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