CN102096102B - Digital modeling method for seismic exploration - Google Patents
Digital modeling method for seismic exploration Download PDFInfo
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- CN102096102B CN102096102B CN 201010565849 CN201010565849A CN102096102B CN 102096102 B CN102096102 B CN 102096102B CN 201010565849 CN201010565849 CN 201010565849 CN 201010565849 A CN201010565849 A CN 201010565849A CN 102096102 B CN102096102 B CN 102096102B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a digital modeling method for seismic exploration, relating to the technical field of processing and explanation of petroleum and seismic exploration data. For the conditions of poorer picture quality of a paper structural map and discontinuous isoline of the structural map, the digital modeling method adopts an interval and automatic tracking algorithm to process the paper structural map. In the digital modeling method, on the basis of scanned pictures of a paper structural isoline map with different gray levels and according to the picture quality of the isoline of the paper structural isoline map and the difference of the continuity of the isoline, the accurate and high-efficiency automatic tracking for the paper structural isoline map is realized, and after the automatic tracking is finished, the digitalization of the paper structural isoline map is realized so as to provide a new modeling method for seismic exploration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil seismic exploration data and process and the interpretation technique field, exactly relate to a kind of modeling method that the relief surface elastic wave is just being drilled that is applied to.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of China's economic, also increasing to the demand of petroleum-based energy, national correlation department has strengthened dynamics and the range of petroleum prospecting; Along with to the carrying out of mountain region seismic survey work with complicated earth surface structure, in order to carry out more accurately, more targetedly the mountain region seismic prospecting, also more and more higher to the accuracy requirement of geologic model.How therefore, the forward model that reacts more really the underground medium situation person's that becomes the Some Comments On Geophysical Work vital task be provided.By the digitizing to the papery structrual contour, then can obtain more truly to reflect the geologic model of subsurface picture, for the geophysics forward simulation provides technical support.
Nearly ten years high speed developments along with computer hardware and software, our tectonic structure isogram is stored in the computer hardware mainly with electronic format greatly at present, but the geologic information with our geologist's collection of previous decades all is to store with the form of papery, and papery tectonic structure isogram is preserved and recycling has become our urgent problem.How to re-use and spend for many years the valuable material that a large amount of manpower and materials collect before us and become current geophysics and important topic of geology subject.
The papery structural contour map scanned picture that the main target of papery structural contour map digitizing function just is based on different gray scales carries out the precise and high efficiency automatic tracing of isoline, to realize the digitizing of papery structural contour map, for seismic prospecting provides a kind of new modeling method, farthest excavate simultaneously the practical value of historical summary.The digitized difficult point of papery structural map is a problem of image recognition, and it belongs to the category of computer graphics, mainly contains following several disposal route at the computer graphics subject for this problem at present:
1, profile method of identification
At present for the general useful broken line segmentation of more accurately profile extraction algorithm of bianry image and to sectional curve match, polygonal approximation approach, the method such as piecewise linear approximation, they all exist calculated amount large, the problem that arithmetic speed is slow.They can't be used in as inline graphics and identify this class under the higher application scenario of requirement of real-time.A figure is scanned behind computing machine, makes it generate a bianry image matrix (wherein visuals is entirely for white, and background parts is black, for the ease of analyzing, each point of visuals is represented with 1, and background dot represents with 0).Usually to being scanned into the image of computing machine, pattern edge all can some little sawtooth, and inner general without the cavity, also can not produce the edge noise of strip.
2, based on the neural network image recognition methods
Image recognition relates to a large amount of information computings, requires that processing speed is fast, accuracy of identification is high, and the real-time of neural network and fault-tolerance will meet the requirement of image recognition.Utilize the improved BP neural network algorithm rotational distortion image is located and to identify, improve algorithm the additional momentum item is combined with adaptive learning speed, effectively suppressed network and be absorbed in local minimum point, improved the training speed of network.
3, Hopfield network image recognition methods
1982, Hopfield proposed a kind of Feedback Neural Network model (HNN) [3-4], and the neural network of proof under high strength the connects synergy of depending on the collective can spontaneous generation be calculated behavior.By the successful solution of TSP problem, thereby open up neural network model newly turning up the soil in computer science is used, and be subject to extensive concern and application.The Hopfield network had once been opened up new research approach for the development process of artificial neural network as a kind of neural network of full continuous type.Its utilizes architectural feature and the learning method different with stratum type neural network, simulates the memory mechanism of biological neural network, has obtained gratifying result.Although the Hopfield neural network is just to the rough of brain and simple imitation, no matter on function, on scale, all there has been larger gap than real neural network.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes a kind of modeling method that the relief surface elastic wave is just being drilled that is applied to, the present invention is based on the papery structural contour map scanned picture of different gray scales, according to papery structural contour map picture quality and the successional difference of isoline, realized the automatic tracing of papery structural contour map precise and high efficiency, after finishing, realized automatic tracing the digitizing of papery structural contour map, for seismic prospecting provides a kind of new modeling method.
The present invention is by adopting following technical proposals to realize:
A kind of digital modeling method for seismic prospecting, it is characterized in that: the picture quality for the papery structural map is poor, there is the discontinuous situation of being interrupted in the isoline of structural map, and adopts interval automatic tracing algorithm that the papery structural map is processed, and treatment step is as follows:
(1), scanned picture carried out image process, make isoline and background in the papery structural map have obvious aberration;
(2), the available point clicked on the isoline of mouse obtains the search starting point, isoline again as the tail point, are then followed the trail of to former and later two directions of search starting point both as a point in the search starting point that obtains;
(3), before carrying out point search, the threshold value of four parameters is set, these four parameters are respectively the poor threshold value of pixel, dot spacing threshold value, search radius threshold value and angle threshold value, threshold value is a parameter value that program can be understood, and in search procedure, determines that these four threshold values are the program criterion, such as the radius threshold value, if be defined as 10, then when the next point of search, software only can be searched for interior radius 10; The poor threshold value of pixel namely is the gray scale ratio between point and the surrounding environment, if within the scope of setting, then think the same medium, the search take the head point as the search starting point, on the head point direction centered by head point the outside pixel on the square of search given search radius scope at the beginning of entering program, radius generally can be set to 5-15, generally be made as 10, relatively in program user's allowed band, gray scale difference is traditionally arranged to be 50 to the gray scale difference of these pixels and central point.
If the starting point that only exists mouse to click in the isoline is then selected gray-scale value to connect pullous pixel most from qualified pixel and is deposited in the line as second point;
If there are at least two pixels on the isoline, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be this pixel and the determined straight line of head point, the angle of the straight line that consists of with the consecutive point of head point and its front is minimum and less than the initial threshold value of setting, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than certain threshold value simultaneously; After finding the pixel that meets these conditions, this pixel is joined in the line, the tracking of head point direction next time will be take this pixel as starting point;
(4), the search take the tail point as the search starting point, on the tail point direction centered by tail point the outside pixel on the square of the initial radius threshold value of setting of search, relatively whether the gray scale difference of these pixels and central point in the allowed band of at first setting;
If the tail point that only exists mouse to click in the isoline is then selected gray-scale value to connect pullous pixel most from qualified pixel and is deposited in the line as second point;
If there are at least two pixels on the isoline, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be that this pixel and tail are put determined straight line, the angle of the straight line that consists of with the consecutive point of tail point and its front is minimum and less than the initial thresholding maximal value of setting, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than certain threshold value simultaneously; After finding qualified pixel, this pixel is joined in the line formation, and this point is set to the tail point starting point of following the trail of as next tail point direction;
When (5), tracking next point, then successively repeating step (3) and (4), if do not find qualified pixel in step (3) or the step (4), then change search radius, with current head point with tail is pressed step (3) or step (4) re-starts search;
(6) if the threshold value of setting the user, and repeating step (3), (4) are when all can't find next point, then automatic tracing stops, after automatic tracing is finished, then obtain the numerical information of this papery structural contour map, finish the digitizing of papery structural contour map, the data of generation become the model data of seismic prospecting.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that reaches of the present invention is as follows:
Adopt the said step of the present invention (1) to (6), the technical scheme that forms, be particularly useful for for the picture quality of papery structural map poor, there is the discontinuous situation of being interrupted in the isoline of structural map, realized the automatic tracing of papery structural contour map precise and high efficiency, after finishing, realized automatic tracing the digitizing of papery structural contour map, for seismic prospecting provides a kind of new modeling method.
And, especially adopt said step (2) among the present invention, (3) and (4) after, its great advantage is that the isoline that automatic tracing goes out can not produce fork, so just can overcome the problem that the line that occurs on the scanned picture intersects.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, wherein:
Fig. 1 is interval automatic tracing algorithm flow chart.
Embodiment
The picture quality that the present invention is directed to the papery structural map is poor, and there is the discontinuous situation of being interrupted in the isoline of structural map, and adopts interval automatic tracing algorithm that the papery structural map is processed, and treatment step is as follows:
(1), scanned picture carried out image process, make isoline and background in the papery structural map have obvious aberration;
(2), the available point clicked on the isoline of mouse obtains the search starting point, isoline again as the tail point, are then followed the trail of to former and later two directions of search starting point both as a point in the search starting point that obtains;
(3), before carrying out point search, the threshold value of four parameters is set, these four parameters are respectively the poor threshold value of pixel, dot spacing threshold value, search radius threshold value and angle threshold value, threshold value is a parameter value that program can be understood, and in search procedure, determines that these four threshold values are the program criterion, such as the radius threshold value, if be defined as 10, then when the next point of search, software only can be searched for interior radius 10; The poor threshold value of pixel namely is the gray scale ratio between point and the surrounding environment, if within the scope of setting, then think the same medium.The search take the head point as the search starting point, on the head point direction centered by head point the outside pixel on the square of search given search radius scope at the beginning of entering program, radius generally can be set to 5-15, generally be made as 10, relatively whether the gray scale difference of these pixels and central point is in program user's allowed band, the gray scale difference scope is 40-60, and one class is made as 50.
If the starting point that only exists mouse to click in the isoline is then selected gray-scale value to connect pullous pixel most from qualified pixel and is deposited in the line as second point;
If there are at least two pixels on the isoline, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be this pixel and the determined straight line of head point, the angle of the straight line that consists of with the consecutive point of head point and its front is minimum and less than the initial threshold value of setting, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than certain threshold value simultaneously; After finding the pixel that meets these conditions, this pixel is joined in the line, the tracking of head point direction next time will be take this pixel as starting point;
(4), the search take the tail point as the search starting point, on the tail point direction centered by tail point the outside pixel on the square of the initial radius threshold value of setting of search, relatively whether the gray scale difference of these pixels and central point in the allowed band of at first setting;
If the tail point that only exists mouse to click in the isoline is then selected gray-scale value to connect pullous pixel most from qualified pixel and is deposited in the line as second point;
If there are at least two pixels on the isoline, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be that this pixel and tail are put determined straight line, the angle of the straight line that consists of with the consecutive point of tail point and its front is minimum and less than the initial thresholding maximal value of setting, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than certain threshold value simultaneously; After finding qualified pixel, this pixel is joined in the line formation, and this point is set to the tail point starting point of following the trail of as next tail point direction;
When (5), tracking next point, then successively repeating step (3) and (4), if do not find qualified pixel in step (3) or the step (4), then change search radius, with current head point with tail is pressed step (3) or step (4) re-starts search;
(6) if the threshold value of setting the user, and repeating step (3), (4) are when all can't find next point, then automatic tracing stops, after automatic tracing is finished, then obtain the numerical information of this papery structural contour map, finish the digitizing of papery structural contour map, the data of generation become the model data of seismic prospecting.
Claims (3)
1. digital modeling method that is used for seismic prospecting, it is characterized in that: the picture quality for the papery structural map is poor, there is the discontinuous situation of being interrupted in the isoline of structural map, and adopts interval automatic tracing algorithm that the papery structural map is processed, and treatment step is as follows:
(1), scanned picture carried out image process, make isoline and background in the papery structural map have obvious aberration;
(2), the available point clicked on the isoline of mouse obtains the search starting point, isoline again as the tail point, are then followed the trail of to former and later two directions of search starting point both as a point in the search starting point that obtains;
(3), the search take the head point as the search starting point, whether the pixel on the square of outwards searching for given search radius threshold value on the head point direction centered by head point, the gray scale difference of these pixels of comparison and central point in the poor threshold value of given pixel;
If the starting point that only exists mouse to click in the isoline is then selected gray-scale value to connect pullous pixel most from qualified pixel and is deposited in the line as second point;
If there are at least two pixels on the isoline, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be this pixel and the determined straight line of head point, the angle of the straight line that consists of with the consecutive point of head point and its front is minimum and less than given angle threshold value, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than the dot spacing threshold value simultaneously; After finding the pixel that meets these conditions, this pixel is joined in the line, the tracking of head point direction next time will be take this pixel as starting point;
(4), the search take the tail point as the search starting point, whether the pixel on the square of outwards searching for given search radius threshold value on the tail point direction centered by tail point, the gray scale difference of these pixels of comparison and central point in the poor threshold value of given pixel;
If the tail point that only exists mouse to click in the isoline is then selected gray-scale value to connect pullous pixel most from qualified pixel and is deposited in the line as second point;
If there are at least two pixels on the isoline, then from these qualified pixels, choose the pixel that meets the angle condition, be that this pixel and tail are put determined straight line, the angle of the straight line that consists of with the consecutive point of tail point and its front is minimum and less than given angle threshold value, the distance of other pixel on this pixel and the isoline also is greater than the dot spacing threshold value simultaneously; After finding qualified pixel, this pixel is joined in the line formation, and this point is set to the tail point starting point of following the trail of as next tail point direction;
When (5), tracking next point, then successively repeating step (3) and (4), if do not find qualified pixel in step (3) or the step (4), then change search radius, with current head point with tail is pressed step (3) or step (4) re-starts search;
(6) if the threshold value of setting the user, and repeating step (3), (4) are when all can't find next point, then automatic tracing stops, after automatic tracing is finished, then obtain the numerical information of this papery structural contour map, finish the digitizing of papery structural contour map, the data of generation become the model data of seismic prospecting.
2. a kind of digital modeling method for seismic prospecting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: related given search radius threshold value, dot spacing threshold value, the given poor threshold value of pixel, given angle threshold value all are to carry out step (3) before in described step (3) and the step (4), four parameter values of setting.
3. a kind of digital modeling method for seismic prospecting according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: search radius threshold value scope is 5-15, the poor threshold value scope of pixel is 40-60.
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| US7426302B2 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2008-09-16 | John Amico | System and method for digitizing a pattern |
| US7440139B2 (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2008-10-21 | Xerox Corporation | Systems and methods for controlling a tone reproduction curve using error diffusion |
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| EP2224726A2 (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-09-01 | NEC Electronics Corporation | Image processing apparatus, image processing method, and program |
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