CN111578732A - Temperature control system of carbon tank type calcining furnace based on multi-flame path monitoring and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Temperature control system of carbon tank type calcining furnace based on multi-flame path monitoring and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111578732A CN111578732A CN202010413987.5A CN202010413987A CN111578732A CN 111578732 A CN111578732 A CN 111578732A CN 202010413987 A CN202010413987 A CN 202010413987A CN 111578732 A CN111578732 A CN 111578732A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
- F27D2019/0009—Monitoring the pressure in an enclosure or kiln zone
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
- F27D2019/0025—Monitoring the temperature of a part or of an element of the furnace structure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0028—Regulation
- F27D2019/0034—Regulation through control of a heating quantity such as fuel, oxidant or intensity of current
- F27D2019/004—Fuel quantity
- F27D2019/0043—Amount of air or O2 to the burner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D2021/0007—Monitoring the pressure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon tank type calcining furnace temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring, which comprises a furnace body, a multi-layer flame path and a temperature control system; the method is characterized in that: the temperature control system comprises a controller (1), and a pressure regulating device, an air inlet regulating device, a fire regulating device, a pressure measurer (13) and a plurality of temperature measurers (12) which are respectively connected with the controller (1). The invention also discloses a realization method of the carbon pot-type calciner temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring, which comprises the steps of setting the temperature reference value of the multi-layer flame path and the negative pressure reference value of the multi-layer flame path; collecting pressure value information on the first-layer flame path and the tail-layer flame path, and obtaining actual negative pressure values of the multi-layer flame paths. The invention can monitor the combustion condition of the multilayer flame paths in real time through the temperature measurer arranged at the tail end of the first flame path of the multilayer flame paths; meanwhile, the controller is matched with the fire adjusting device to realize the control and adjustment of the temperature of the multilayer flame paths.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon calcination, in particular to a carbon pot-type calciner temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring and an implementation method thereof.
Background
The pot calciner used in carbon production is generally in a concurrent flow type, and the temperature in a flame path is gradually reduced from top to bottom. The temperature of the tail end of the first layer (which is conventionally called as the second layer) is used as a control object, the control of the temperature of the flame path of the furnace body is realized in a mode that the air inlet amount is changed manually through a temperature adjusting hole on the furnace body, and the temperature of the flame path is indirectly adjusted by manually adjusting and changing the position of the pulling plate brick. The manual operation mode can not accurately control the temperature, the pressure and the air intake of the calcining furnace, so that the quality of the calcined carbon material is poor, and the requirement of automatic production is not met any more.
Therefore, the invention provides the temperature control system and the realization method thereof, which can realize automatic detection on the temperature and the pressure in the calciner, automatically adjust the temperature, the pressure in the calciner and the air inlet amount of the calciner through detection information, well ensure the stability of the temperature, the pressure in the calciner and the air inlet amount of the calciner and effectively ensure the calcination quality of carbon.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, and provides a carbon pot-type calciner temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring and an implementation method thereof, which can realize automatic detection on the temperature and the pressure in a calciner, automatically adjust the temperature, the pressure in the calciner and the air inlet amount through detection information, well ensure the stability of the controlled temperature, the flame path pressure and the air inlet amount of the calciner, and effectively ensure the carbon quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a carbon pot type calcining furnace temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring comprises a furnace body, a multi-layer flame path arranged in the furnace body and a temperature control system arranged on the furnace body; the temperature control system comprises a controller, and a pressure regulating device, an air inlet regulating device, a fire regulating device, a pressure measurer and a plurality of temperature measurers which are respectively connected with the controller; the temperature measuring devices are respectively arranged on different flame path layers of the multilayer flame path, and one of the temperature measuring devices is arranged at the tail end of the first flame path of the multilayer flame path; the number of the pressure measuring devices is two, and the two pressure measuring devices are respectively arranged on the first layer flame path and the tail layer flame path of the multilayer flame path.
The air inlet adjusting device comprises a baffle plate arranged in the adjusting valve body and an actuator arranged on the adjusting valve body and used for driving the baffle plate to rotate; the controller is connected with the actuator; an observation port is also arranged on the adjusting valve body and is opposite to the fire hole of the furnace body, and a high-temperature resistant glass sheet is arranged on the observation port.
The baffle is arranged in the air inlet channel of the regulating valve body through the mounting arm, and the baffle can rotate by 0-90 degrees under the driving of the driving shaft of the actuator, namely the sectional area of the air inlet channel is changed through the rotation of the baffle, so that the air inlet amount is indirectly changed; the mounting arm comprises a clamping arm and circular support arms arranged at two ends of the clamping arm; the circular support arm is movably arranged on the wall of an air inlet channel of the regulating valve body.
The fire adjusting device comprises a fire adjusting pulling plate, a pulling rod connected with the fire adjusting pulling plate and a fire adjusting tractor connected with the pulling rod and capable of driving the fire adjusting pulling plate to move; the fire adjusting pulling plate is positioned in a fire adjusting opening of the furnace body and can move into a volatile matter channel of the furnace body, and the fire adjusting pulling plate can change the amount of volatile matters entering the furnace body after entering the volatile matter channel; the fire adjusting tractor is arranged on the furnace body and is connected with the controller.
The pressure regulating device comprises a pressure regulating pull plate, a connecting rod connected with the pressure regulating pull plate and a pressure regulating tractor connected with the connecting rod and capable of driving the pressure regulating pull plate to move; the pressure regulating pull plates are positioned in the first layer and the bottom layer pressure regulating ports of the furnace body and can move to the inner part of the flame path of the multilayer flame path, and the pressure regulating pull plates can change the pressure value in the flame path after entering the flame path; the pressure regulating tractor is arranged on the furnace body and is connected with the controller; the pressure regulating tractor and the fire regulating tractor are hydraulic telescopic cylinders.
Sealing devices are arranged at the bottom layer pressure regulating port of the furnace body and the fire regulating port of the furnace body, and each sealing device comprises a sealing element and a sealing cover for pressing the sealing element; the connecting rod or pull rod is mounted within the seal.
The fire regulating tractor and the pressure regulating tractor are both arranged on the furnace body through a mounting rack; the controller is a PLC controller which has the functions of temperature and pressure signal acquisition, data communication, storage and logic calculation and comprehensive judgment and instruction sending according to various data.
The method for realizing the temperature control system of the carbon pot type calcining furnace based on multi-flame path monitoring comprises the following steps:
step 1: setting a temperature reference value of the multilayer flame path and a negative pressure reference value of the multilayer flame path;
step 2: acquiring pressure value information on a first-layer flame path and a tail-layer flame path to obtain actual negative pressure values of the multi-layer flame paths;
and step 3: judging whether the obtained actual negative pressure value of the multilayer flame path is different from a set negative pressure reference value or not; adjusting the cross section area of the fire channel of the tail layer fire channel; if not, keeping the cross section of the fire way opening of the tail layer fire way, and entering the step 4;
and 4, step 4: acquiring temperature value information of the tail end of the first layer of the multi-layer flame path to obtain an actual temperature value of the multi-layer flame path;
and 5: judging whether the obtained actual temperature value of the multilayer flame path is different from the set reference value of the multilayer flame path temperature or not; adjusting the sectional area of the channel in the furnace body, and adjusting the air intake of the air channel; if not, keeping the sectional area of the channel in the furnace body and the air inlet quantity of the air channel, and entering the step 6;
step 6: and (3) collecting temperature information of other flame path layers of the multilayer flame path, recording and storing, returning to the step (2), and continuously monitoring the temperature, the pressure and the air intake of the multilayer flame path.
Further, setting a temperature reference value of the multilayer flame path and a negative pressure reference value of the multilayer flame path through a controller in the step 1; collecting pressure value information on the first layer flame path and the tail layer flame path through a pressure measurer; and step 4, acquiring the temperature value information of the first layer tail end of the multi-layer flame path through a temperature measurer.
In the step 3, the controller controls the pressure regulating tractor of the pressure regulating device to drive the pressure regulating pull plate to complete the adjustment of the cross section area of the fire channel opening of the tail layer fire channel of the multilayer fire channel; in the step 5, the controller controls an actuator of the air inlet adjusting device to drive the baffle plate to rotate for 0-90 degrees to adjust the air inlet amount of the air channel, and in the step 5, the controller controls a fire adjusting tractor of the fire adjusting device to drive a fire adjusting pulling plate to complete the adjustment of the sectional area of the channel in the furnace body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the temperature measurer arranged at the tail end of the first layer flame path of the multilayer flame path can be used for monitoring the combustion condition of the multilayer flame path in real time, namely, the temperature of the multilayer flame path is monitored in real time; and the controller is matched with the fire adjusting device, so that the sectional area of the channel in the furnace body of the multilayer flame path can be automatically adjusted, the temperature of the multilayer flame path can be controlled and adjusted, the temperature stability of the multilayer flame path is effectively ensured, and the quality of carbon calcination is improved.
(2) The pressure measuring devices respectively arranged on the first layer flame path and the tail layer flame path of the multilayer flame path realize real-time monitoring of the pressure of the multilayer flame path, and the controller is matched with the pressure regulating device to realize automatic regulation of the pressure of the multilayer flame path, so that the stability of the internal pressure of the multilayer flame path is ensured.
(3) The sectional area of the air inlet channel of the regulating valve body can be automatically regulated by the arranged air inlet regulating device, so that the stability and the accuracy of the air inlet quantity of the calcining furnace are effectively ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the baffle plate of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the mounting arm of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the sealing device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the pressure regulating pulling plate of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the fire-adjusting pulling plate of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the method for implementing the temperature control system of the carbon pot calciner based on multi-flame path monitoring.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a controller; 2. a regulating valve body; 3. a baffle plate; 4. an actuator; 5. a glass sheet; 6. a fire-adjusting tractor; 7. a mounting frame; 8. a seal member; 9. a pull rod; 10. adjusting fire and pulling plates; 11. a flame deck; 12. a temperature measurer; 13. a pressure measurer; 14. a pressure regulating pull plate; 15. a pressure regulating tractor; 16. A connecting rod; 17. a clamping arm; 18. a circular support arm; 19. and (7) sealing the cover.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the temperature control system of the carbon pot calciner based on multi-flame path monitoring comprises a furnace body, a multi-layer flame path arranged in the furnace body, and a temperature control system arranged on the furnace body; the furnace body in this embodiment adopts the traditional furnace body that has volatile passageway, pressure regulating hole, temperature regulating hole and wind gap, and multilayer formula flame path is ten traditional flame paths, is provided with polylith flame path board 11 in its multilayer formula flame path, because furnace body and multilayer formula flame path are prior art, no longer give consideration to its structure here. The invention is characterized in the structure of the temperature control system and the realization method thereof, and the structure and the realization method thereof are mainly described below.
The temperature control system comprises a controller 1, and a pressure regulating device, an air inlet regulating device, a fire regulating device, a pressure measurer 13 and a plurality of temperature measurers 12 which are respectively connected with the controller 1. Specifically, the controller 1 is implemented by a PLC controller that can implement temperature and pressure signal acquisition, data communication, storage, and logic calculation, and comprehensively judge and send instructions according to various data in the prior art. The plurality of temperature measuring devices 12 are respectively installed on different flame path layers of the multilayer flame path, in this embodiment, the number of the temperature measuring devices 12 is preferably set to three, one of the temperature measuring devices 12 is installed at the tail end of the first flame path layer of the multilayer flame path, and the temperature measuring devices 12 can monitor the first flame path layer temperature of the multilayer flame path, namely, the flame combustion condition of the multilayer flame path is judged. The temperature measurer 12 is implemented by using an existing temperature sensor with high temperature monitoring. The two temperature measuring devices 12 are arranged on the fifth flame path and the eighth flame path of the multilayer flame path respectively to monitor the temperature of the multilayer flame path under different process requirements and ensure the calcining quality. In actual use, the installation positions of the other two temperature measuring devices 12 except the temperature measuring device 12 installed on the first-floor flame path can be adjusted accordingly as required.
Meanwhile, the number of the pressure measuring devices 13 is set to two in this embodiment, and the two pressure measuring devices 13 are respectively installed on the first layer flame path and the tail layer flame path of the multilayer flame path, that is, the two pressure measuring devices 13 are respectively installed on the first layer flame path and the tenth layer flame path of the multilayer flame path, so as to collect the pressure values of the first layer flame path and the bottom layer flame path, and to monitor whether the negative pressure of the whole flame path is abnormal or not. The air inlet adjusting device is shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 4, and comprises an adjusting valve body 2, a baffle 3 arranged on an air inlet channel of the adjusting valve body 2, and an actuator 4 for driving the baffle 3 to rotate. Specifically, the regulating valve body 2 is installed on an air inlet of the furnace body through a fixing bolt, and the joint of the regulating valve body 2 and the furnace body is sealed through a sealing material with a sealing effect so as to prevent hot air in the furnace body from leaking.
In order to facilitate observation of the combustion in the furnace, the regulating valve body 2 is further provided with an observation port, and a high-temperature-resistant glass sheet 5 is provided on the observation port. The baffle 3 is installed in the air inlet channel of the regulating valve body 2 through the installation arm. The mounting arm comprises a blocking arm 17 and circular support arms 18 arranged at two ends of the blocking arm 17. The round support arm 18 is movably arranged on the air inlet passage wall of the regulating valve body 2. The actuator 4 is fixed on the adjusting valve body 2 through a fixing bolt, the rotating shaft of the actuator 4 is connected with a circular support arm 18 at one end of a clamping arm 17, and the controller 1 is connected with the actuator 4. When the device is used, the baffle 3 is vertically arranged in the air inlet channel of the adjusting valve body 2 under the action of the actuator 4, and when the air inlet volume in the furnace body needs to be adjusted, the baffle 3 can swing up and down by 0-90 degrees under the driving of the actuator 4, so that the control of the air inlet volume of the air inlet channel of the adjusting valve body 2 is realized.
Further, the fire adjusting device comprises a fire adjusting pulling plate 10, a pulling rod 9 connected with the fire adjusting pulling plate 10, and a fire adjusting tractor 6 connected with the pulling rod 9 and capable of driving the fire adjusting pulling plate 10 to move. Specifically, the fire adjusting pulling plate 10 is located in a fire adjusting port of the furnace body, the fire adjusting pulling plate 10 can move into a volatile matter channel of the furnace body under the driving of the fire adjusting tractor 6, the adjustment of the sectional area of the channel port of the volatile matter channel is realized, the volatile matter amount entering the furnace body can be changed, and the combustion flame of the multilayer fire channel is adjusted. The fire adjusting tractor 6 is arranged on the furnace body and is connected with the controller 1.
Still further, the pressure regulating device comprises a pressure regulating pulling plate 14, a connecting rod 16 connected with the pressure regulating pulling plate 14, and a pressure regulating tractor 15 connected with the connecting rod 16 and capable of driving the pressure regulating pulling plate 14 to move. Specifically, the pressure regulating pulling plate 14 is located in the bottom pressure regulating port of the furnace body, and can move to the bottom flame path of the multilayer flame path under the driving of the pressure regulating tractor 15, and the pressure regulating pulling plate 14 can change the pressure value in the flame path after entering the bottom flame path, so as to realize the adjustment of the negative pressure in the whole furnace body, and ensure the stability of the bottom pressure of the multilayer flame path. The pressure regulating tractor 15 is installed on the furnace body and connected with the controller 1. The pressure regulating tractor 15 and the fire regulating tractor 6 in the embodiment are both hydraulic telescopic cylinders, and the pressure regulating tractor 15 and the fire regulating tractor 6 are both mounted on the furnace body through a mounting frame 7.
In order to ensure the sealing performance of the furnace body, sealing devices are arranged at the bottom pressure regulating port of the furnace body and the fire regulating port of the furnace body, and the sealing devices comprise sealing pieces 8 and sealing covers 20 for pressing the sealing pieces 8 as shown in fig. 4. The sealing element 8 is arranged in a bottom layer pressure regulating port or a fire regulating port of the furnace body, and the sealing cover 20 is fixed at the bottom layer pressure regulating port or the fire regulating port of the furnace body through screws, so that the sealing element 8 can be fixed and the sealing property of the sealing element 8 can be improved. The connecting rod 16 or tie rod 9 is mounted in the seal 8.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 7, this embodiment is a method for implementing the temperature control system of the carbon pot calciner based on multi-flame path monitoring in embodiment 1, and the method includes the following steps:
step 1: setting the temperature reference value of the multilayer flame path and the negative pressure reference value of the multilayer flame path.
Specifically, the temperature reference value of the multilayer type flame path and the negative pressure reference value of the multilayer type flame path are recorded by the controller 1, and the temperature reference value of the multilayer type flame path and the negative pressure reference value of the multilayer type flame path are set as control temperature values according to the production process.
Step 2: and acquiring pressure value information on the first-layer flame path and the tail-layer flame path to obtain actual negative pressure values of the multilayer flame paths. Specifically, pressure value information on the first layer flame path and the tail layer flame path is acquired through the pressure measurer 13, and the pressure value information on the first layer flame path and the tail layer flame path acquired by the pressure measurer 13 is transmitted to the controller 1.
And step 3: judging whether the obtained actual negative pressure value of the multilayer flame path is different from a set negative pressure reference value or not; adjusting the cross section area of the fire channel of the tail layer fire channel; and if not, keeping the cross section of the fire channel opening of the tail layer fire channel, and entering the step 4.
Specifically, when the actual bottom pressure of the multi-layer flue is smaller than or larger than the set negative pressure reference value, the controller 1 controls the pressure regulating tractor 15 of the pressure regulating device to drive the pressure regulating pull plate 14 to stretch so as to change the cross-sectional area of the flue port of the tail flue of the multi-layer flue, thereby realizing the pressure regulation of the tail flue.
And 4, step 4: acquiring the temperature value information of the tail end of the first layer of the multilayer flame path to obtain the actual temperature value of the multilayer flame path. Specifically, the temperature measurer 12 is used for collecting the temperature value information of the first layer end of the multi-layer flame path.
And 5: judging whether the obtained actual temperature value of the multilayer flame path is different from the set reference value of the multilayer flame path temperature or not; adjusting the sectional area of the channel in the furnace body, and adjusting the air intake of the air channel; if not, the sectional area of the channel in the furnace body and the air inlet quantity of the air channel are kept, and the step 6 is carried out.
Specifically, when the actual temperature value of the multilayer flame path is different from the set reference value of the multilayer flame path temperature, the controller 1 controls the actuator 4 of the air inlet adjusting device to drive the baffle 3 to rotate for 0-90 degrees to adjust the air inlet amount of the air duct; meanwhile, the controller 1 controls the fire adjusting tractor 6 of the fire adjusting device to drive the fire adjusting pulling plate 10 to stretch, the sectional area of the channel in the furnace body is changed, and the entering amount of volatile matters in the channel is controlled, so that the combustion of flame in the flame path is changed, and the temperature control in the flame path is realized.
Step 6: and (3) collecting temperature information of other flame path layers of the multilayer flame path, recording and storing, returning to the step (2), and continuously monitoring the temperature, the pressure and the air intake of the multilayer flame path. Specifically, the temperature information of the fifth layer and the eighth layer of the multilayer type flame path is collected by the temperature measuring device 12 arranged on the fifth layer and the eighth layer of the multilayer type flame path, and the collected temperature, pressure and air intake information of the multilayer type flame path is transmitted to the controller 1 to be recorded and displayed.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably realized.
Claims (10)
1. A carbon pot type calcining furnace temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring comprises a furnace body, a multi-layer flame path arranged in the furnace body and a temperature control system arranged on the furnace body; the method is characterized in that: the temperature control system comprises a controller (1), and a pressure regulating device, an air inlet regulating device, a fire regulating device, a pressure measurer (13) and a plurality of temperature measurers (12) which are respectively connected with the controller (1); the temperature measuring devices (12) are respectively arranged on different flame path layers of the multilayer flame path, and one of the temperature measuring devices (12) is arranged at the tail end of the first flame path layer of the multilayer flame path; the number of the pressure measuring devices (13) is two, and the two pressure measuring devices (13) are respectively arranged on the first layer flame path and the tail layer flame path of the multilayer flame path.
2. The carbon pot calciner temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air inlet adjusting device comprises an adjusting valve body (2), a baffle (3) arranged in the adjusting valve body (2), and an actuator (4) arranged on the adjusting valve body (2) and used for driving the baffle (3) to rotate; the controller (1) is connected with the actuator (4); the adjusting valve body (2) is also provided with an observation port, and a high-temperature-resistant glass sheet (5) is arranged on the observation port.
3. The carbon pot calciner temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that: the baffle (3) is arranged in an air inlet channel of the regulating valve body (2) through a mounting arm, and the baffle (3) can rotate by 0-90 degrees under the driving of a driving shaft of the actuator (4); the mounting arm comprises a clamping arm (17) and circular support arms (18) arranged at two ends of the clamping arm (17); the circular support arm (18) is movably arranged on the wall of an air inlet channel of the adjusting valve body (2).
4. The carbon pot calciner temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that: the fire adjusting device comprises a fire adjusting pulling plate (10), a pull rod (9) connected with the fire adjusting pulling plate (10), and a fire adjusting tractor (6) which is connected with the pull rod (9) and can drive the fire adjusting pulling plate (10) to move; the fire adjusting pulling plate (10) is positioned in a fire adjusting opening of the furnace body and can move into a volatile matter channel of the furnace body, and the fire adjusting pulling plate (10) can change the amount of volatile matters entering the furnace body after entering the volatile matter channel; the fire adjusting tractor (6) is arranged on the furnace body and is connected with the controller (1).
5. The carbon pot calciner temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that: the pressure regulating device comprises a pressure regulating pull plate (14), a connecting rod (16) connected with the pressure regulating pull plate (14), and a pressure regulating tractor (15) which is connected with the connecting rod (16) and can drive the pressure regulating pull plate (14) to move; the pressure regulating pull plate (14) is positioned in a bottom layer pressure regulating port of the furnace body and can move to a bottom layer flame path of the multilayer flame path, and the pressure regulating pull plate (14) can change the pressure value in the flame path after entering the bottom layer flame path; the pressure regulating tractor (15) is arranged on the furnace body and is connected with the controller (1); the pressure regulating tractor (15) and the fire regulating tractor (6) are both hydraulic telescopic cylinders.
6. The carbon pot calciner temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that: sealing devices are arranged at the bottom layer pressure regulating port of the furnace body and the fire regulating port of the furnace body, and each sealing device comprises a sealing piece (8) and a sealing cover (19) for pressing the sealing piece (8); the connecting rod (16) or the pull rod (9) is arranged in the sealing element (8).
7. The carbon pot calciner temperature control system based on multi-flame path monitoring as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the fire regulating tractor (6) and the pressure regulating tractor (15) are both arranged on the furnace body through a mounting rack (7); the controller (1) is a PLC controller which has the functions of temperature and pressure signal acquisition, data communication, storage and logic calculation and comprehensive judgment and instruction sending according to various data.
8. The method for realizing the carbon pot calciner temperature control system based on the multi-flame path monitoring as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: setting a temperature reference value of the multilayer flame path and a negative pressure reference value of the multilayer flame path;
step 2: acquiring pressure value information on a first-layer flame path and a tail-layer flame path to obtain actual negative pressure values of the multi-layer flame paths;
and step 3: judging whether the obtained actual negative pressure value of the multilayer flame path is different from a set negative pressure reference value or not; adjusting the cross section area of the fire channel of the tail layer fire channel; if not, keeping the cross section of the fire way opening of the tail layer fire way, and entering the step 4;
and 4, step 4: acquiring temperature value information of the tail end of the first layer of the multi-layer flame path to obtain an actual temperature value of the multi-layer flame path;
and 5: judging whether the obtained actual temperature value of the multilayer flame path is different from the set reference value of the multilayer flame path temperature or not; adjusting the sectional area of the channel in the furnace body, and adjusting the air intake of the air channel; if not, keeping the sectional area of the channel in the furnace body and the air inlet quantity of the air channel, and entering the step 6;
step 6: and (3) collecting temperature information of other flame path layers of the multilayer flame path, recording and storing, returning to the step (2), and continuously monitoring the temperature, the pressure and the air intake of the multilayer flame path.
9. The method for realizing the carbon pot calciner temperature control system based on the multi-flame path monitoring as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that: in the step 1, setting a temperature reference value of the multilayer flame path and a negative pressure reference value of the multilayer flame path through a controller (1); in the step 2, pressure value information on the first layer flame path and the tail layer flame path is acquired through a pressure measurer (13); and step 4, acquiring the temperature value information of the first layer tail end of the multi-layer flame path through a temperature measurer (12).
10. The method for realizing the carbon pot calciner temperature control system based on the multi-flame path monitoring as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that: in the step 3, the controller (1) controls a pressure regulating tractor (15) of the pressure regulating device to drive a pressure regulating pull plate (14) to complete the adjustment of the cross section area of the fire channel opening of the tail layer fire channel of the multi-layer fire channel; in the step 5, the controller (1) controls the actuator (4) of the air inlet adjusting device to drive the baffle (3) to rotate for 0-90 degrees to adjust the air inlet amount of the air channel, and in the step 5, the controller (1) controls the fire adjusting tractor (6) of the fire adjusting device to drive the fire adjusting pulling plate (10) to complete the adjustment of the sectional area of the channel in the furnace body.
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