CN111578528A - Tower type heat absorber and operation method - Google Patents
Tower type heat absorber and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111578528A CN111578528A CN202010452086.7A CN202010452086A CN111578528A CN 111578528 A CN111578528 A CN 111578528A CN 202010452086 A CN202010452086 A CN 202010452086A CN 111578528 A CN111578528 A CN 111578528A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/77—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with flat reflective plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
- F24S40/10—Protective covers or shrouds; Closure members, e.g. lids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/60—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the structure or construction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S2030/10—Special components
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a tower type heat absorber, which comprises an upper header, a lower header and a heat absorption pipe assembly arranged between the upper header and the lower header, wherein the upper end of the upper header is provided with a solar ray secondary reflection device, the heat absorption pipe assembly is a heat absorption screen formed by surrounding a plurality of heat absorption pipes, and the joints of the heat absorption pipe assembly and the upper header and the lower header are close to the peripheries of the upper header and the lower header; the sunlight secondary reflection device comprises a posture adjusting device and a reflection plate group, the posture adjusting device comprises a rack and a reflection plate angle adjusting assembly, and the reflection plate group comprises reflection plates which are uniformly distributed in an umbrella shape along the circumferential direction of the upper header; the inner edge of the reflecting plate is hinged with the periphery of the upper header, and the output end of the angle adjusting assembly of the reflecting plate is connected with the back of the reflecting plate. The technical difficulty of this application is lower, and system control is simple, installs the reflecting plate additional at the heat absorber top, can reuse by the sun ray that lower header sheltered from, reduces and abandons the light rate, improves solar energy utilization ratio, places the reflecting plate, can play heat retaining effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tower type solar heat absorber design, in particular to a tower type heat absorber and an operation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, solar thermal power generation has been widely used with a drastic increase in energy demand and an increasing worsening of environmental problems. The solar energy resource of China is very rich, and the solar radiation received by the land surface of China every year is equivalent to 1.7 ten thousand tons of standard coal, so that the solar energy power generation device is very suitable for developing solar thermal power generation.
The solar thermal power generation mainly comprises four types of tower type, groove type, disc type and linear Fresnel type, wherein the light condensation ratio of a tower type thermal power generation system can reach 300-1500, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency is high, and the power generation cost is low. The tower type power generation system mainly comprises a heliostat field, a heat absorber, a heat storage system and a power generation system, wherein the heat absorber is a key device for photo-thermal conversion. According to the structure, the tower type heat absorber can be divided into an external pipe type, a cavity type and a volume type; the heat absorbing and transferring medium is mainly composed of water/steam, molten salt, air and the like. At present, the most commercialized heat absorber is an external tubular tower type heat absorber, and the external tubular tower type heat absorber has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, capability of accepting solar radiation within a 360-degree range and the like.
In the practical application process, the heat absorber is arranged with the header from top to bottom for place highly-compressed air jar, buffer tank and insulation material, but the lower header can shelter from part of light, leads to the solar radiation that the heat absorption pipe half section received to reduce, causes the fused salt easily to block up, seriously influences the heat absorber normal operating. Meanwhile, light spots formed after solar radiation is emitted by a heliostat field are generally circular, so that the heat absorption pipes are heated unevenly, a local overheating phenomenon can occur in the middle of the heat absorption pipes, the temperature around the heat absorption pipes is low, large thermal stress can be caused, and the service life of the heat absorber is shortened. In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to develop a heat absorber capable of homogenizing the illumination intensity and making the heat absorption tube heated more uniformly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies that prior art exists, this application provides tower heat absorber. The tower type heat absorber is low in manufacturing technology difficulty, simple in system control and low in installation cost; the reflecting plate is additionally arranged on the top of the heat absorber, so that the solar rays shielded by the lower header can be reused, the light rejection rate is reduced, the solar energy utilization rate is improved, the uniformity of solar radiation spots is improved, the thermal stress of the heat absorber is reduced, and the service life is prolonged; the heat absorber can be irradiated to the shielded position to prevent the heat transfer medium from being blocked; the reflecting plate has two operating modes, and when light was sufficient, the reflecting plate slope set up and played the reflection of light effect, reduces the waste of the light energy, and when no solar radiation or solar radiation were lower, can place the reflecting plate, was vertical suspension state, can keep out the wind for the heat absorber top, reduced convection heat transfer to play the effect of heat preservation and physical protection. Correspondingly, the application also provides an operation method of the tower type heat absorber.
For the tower type heat absorber, the tower type heat absorber comprises an upper header, a lower header and a heat absorption pipe assembly arranged between the upper header and the lower header, wherein a solar ray secondary reflection device is arranged at the upper end of the upper header, the heat absorption pipe assembly is a heat absorption screen formed by surrounding a plurality of heat absorption pipes, and the joints of the heat absorption pipe assembly and the upper header and the lower header are close to the peripheries of the upper header and the lower header; the sunlight secondary reflection device comprises a posture adjusting device and a reflection plate group, the posture adjusting device comprises a rack and a reflection plate angle adjusting assembly, and the reflection plate group comprises reflection plates which are uniformly distributed in an umbrella shape along the circumferential direction of the upper header; the inner edge of the reflecting plate is hinged with the periphery of the upper header, and the output end of the angle adjusting assembly of the reflecting plate is connected with the back of the reflecting plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable progress:
1) the structure is reasonable in design, convenient to process and assemble and low in cost;
2) different functions can be realized under different working conditions, and the reflecting plate has two working conditions: the solar heat collector comprises an inclined unfolding working condition and a vertical suspension working condition, wherein the inclined unfolding working condition can realize secondary reflection and reflect sunlight to a required position, such as the lower part of a heat absorption pipe shielded by a lower header; the vertical suspension working condition can play a role in local heat preservation and physical protection;
3) scattering is reduced, and the utilization rate of sunlight is improved;
4) the heat absorber has strong applicability, is suitable for heat absorbers of different heat transfer media, and the heat transfer media can be, but are not limited to, molten salt, water and supercritical CO2And the like.
Preferably, the hinge joint of the inner edge of the reflecting plate and the periphery of the upper header can be provided with a multi-gear self-locking hinge, a damping hinge or a spring hinge.
According to the optimized scheme, the acting force of the hinge is opposite to the direction of the driving force, and the hinge can play a role in preventing or slowing down the swinging of the reflecting plate when meeting with extreme weather such as strong wind, strong rain, hail and the like, so that the overall safety is improved.
Preferably, the posture adjusting device is driven by a plurality of connecting rods or ropes or each reflecting plate is driven by an independent motor.
According to the optimization scheme, the multi-connecting-rod driving and the rope driving are both high-reliability driving modes capable of driving the reflecting plates, and one motor is adopted to drive all the reflecting plates to pitch, so that the reflecting plate pitching driving device has the advantages that the number of driving devices is small, compared with the rope driving, the rigidity of the multi-connecting-rod driving structure is high, the positioning of the reflecting plates is accurate, the reliability is higher, the influence of high altitude and strong wind is smaller, the reflecting plates can swing under the influence of strong wind through the rope driving structure, the static position is not influenced, the structure is relatively simple, and the defects that the inclination angles of the reflecting plates are consistent, and the inclination angle of each reflecting plate cannot; each reflecting plate is provided with an independent motor drive, so that the defect is overcome, the inclination angle of the reflecting plates can be adjusted according to the light incidence angle, the reflecting plates cannot be influenced mutually, and more driving devices are provided.
Preferably, the posture adjusting device is driven by a plurality of connecting rods, and the reflecting plate angle adjusting assembly comprises a driving slider sleeved on the posture adjusting driving device, a long connecting rod hinged with the driving slider, short connecting rods respectively hinged with the tail end of the long connecting rod and the back of the reflecting plate, and supporting short rods respectively hinged with the middle part of the long connecting rod and the periphery of the upper header.
According to the optimization scheme, the included angle of the adjustable reflecting plate relative to the horizontal plane is adjusted by driving the sliding block to move up and down, the adjusting range is large, the reflecting plate inclination angle can be fixed by fixing the position of the driving sliding block, the influence factor of external climate is small, and the stability is high.
Preferably, the posture adjusting device is a rope drive, the rack is of a hollow structure, a winding drum fixedly connected with the upper end face of the upper header is arranged in the rack, a branching hole is formed in the middle of the upper end face of the rack, branching slideways are distributed on the upper end face along the circumferential direction, a driving rope limiting ring is correspondingly arranged on the periphery of the upper end of the upper header, one end of each driving rope is wound on the winding drum, the output end of each driving rope is divided into a plurality of branches, each branch sequentially penetrates through the corresponding branching hole, the corresponding branching slideway and the corresponding driving rope limiting ring, and the tail end of each driving rope is fixedly connected with the back of.
According to the optimized scheme, the rope driving mode is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost, the reflecting plate can be turned over or shaken when wind is strong, but can fall back to the set position when no wind exists, and the hinge at the joint of the reflecting plate and the upper header adopts a multi-gear self-locking hinge, a damping hinge or a spring hinge, so that the phenomenon that the reflecting plate is turned over or shaken can be reduced.
Preferably, the reflecting plate group comprises 4-12 reflecting plates uniformly distributed along the periphery of the upper header.
According to the optimization scheme, the reflecting plates are distributed in an umbrella shape, the more the reflecting plates are, the less the wasted light energy is, but the excessive reflecting plates increase the complexity of the posture adjusting device and reduce the reliability, so that the number of the reflecting plates cannot be excessive.
Further, as optimization, the working surface of the reflecting plate is provided with a reflection enhancing coating, and the back surface of the working surface is provided with a heat insulating layer.
According to the optimization scheme, the enhanced reflection coating can improve the reflectivity of the reflection plate, reduce condensation overflow and improve the truncation efficiency, and the enhanced reflection coating can adopt a silver-plated coating, so that the technology is mature, the cost is low, the anti-stripping is difficult, and the reflectivity is high; the heat preservation layer can reduce the heat dissipation, plays the effect of heat preservation and physics protection, can adopt the heat preservation cotton, and light in weight, the heat conductivity is low, and the compliance is good, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant.
Further, as optimization, a photosensitive device is arranged on the reflecting plate.
According to the optimization scheme, the photosensitive device can be a solar sensor and/or an irradiance sensor and the like, the solar sensor can be used for detecting the position of the sun, measuring the incident angle of light rays and feeding the incident angle back to a control system so as to adjust the inclination angle of the reflecting plate; the irradiance sensor can be used for measuring the light irradiation intensity at each angle, can be matched with the solar sensor for use and can also be used independently for feeding back the light incidence angle and the illumination intensity so as to adjust the inclination angle of the reflecting plate and switch the use mode of the reflecting plate.
And as optimization, a temperature measuring device is arranged on the heat absorption pipe assembly.
According to the optimization scheme, the temperature measuring device can be used for measuring the temperature distribution and temperature rise of the surface of the heat absorber, monitoring whether the heat absorbing pipe is locally overheated or solidified and blocked or not in real time, and accordingly timely adjusting the angle of the heliostat and the angle of the reflecting plate.
As for the operation method of the tower type heat absorber, the operation method of the tower type heat absorber comprises the following steps:
a light sensing step, wherein the light sensing device arranged on the reflecting plate feeds back the sunlight incidence angle and the irradiation intensity to the control system;
adjusting the posture, namely adjusting an included angle between the reflecting plate group and incident light through illumination information given by the control system, and reflecting the incident light to the lower part of the heat absorption pipe assembly;
a temperature sensing step, namely reflecting the temperature of each part of the heat absorption pipe to a control system through a temperature measuring device on the heat absorption pipe assembly; and
and a sleep step, wherein the reflecting plate group is vertical to the bottom surface and locked when no light is irradiated or the light irradiation intensity is lower than a certain threshold value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable progress:
1) the novel concept condenses the abandoned light (i.e. the light which can not irradiate the heat absorption tube), the natural light and the light of diffuse reflection light in the incident light to the required position through secondary reflection, thereby realizing the full utilization of the light source and improving the truncation efficiency;
2) the device has stronger adaptability and strain capacity, can adjust the posture along with the change of the incident angle of light and the illumination requirements of different positions of the heat absorption tube, and can adjust the operation mode along with the change of the irradiation intensity;
3) the physical protection of the heat absorber is realized, the reflecting plate is vertically placed, and the heat dissipation loss of the heat absorber under the weather conditions of cloud, rain, snow and the like can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tower heat absorber of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the working state of the tower-type heat absorber in embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the tower heat sink of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a tower-type heat absorber in a heat-insulating state in example 1;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the tower heat absorber of fig. 4 in an insulated state;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the working state of the tower-type heat absorber in embodiment 2;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the tower heat sink of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view showing a state in which a tower-type heat absorber is kept warm in example 2;
fig. 9 is a sectional view of the tower heat absorber of fig. 8 in a heat retaining state.
Description of reference numerals:
1-upper header; 2-a heat absorption tube assembly, 21-a heat absorption tube; 3-lower header; 4-sunlight secondary reflection device, 41-posture adjusting device, 411-frame, 4111-line dividing hole, 412-reflection plate angle adjusting component, 4121-driving slider, 4122-long connecting rod, 4123-supporting short rod, 4124-short connecting rod, 4125-winding drum, 4126-line dividing slide way, 4127-driving rope, 4128-driving rope limiting ring, 42-reflection plate group and 421-reflection plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments (examples), which are described herein for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be a basis for limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the application provides a tower type heat absorber, which includes an upper header 1, a lower header 3 and a heat absorption tube assembly 2 arranged between the upper header 1 and the lower header 3, wherein the upper end of the upper header is provided with a solar ray secondary reflection device 4, the heat absorption tube assembly 2 is a heat absorption screen surrounded by a plurality of heat absorption tubes 21, and the joints of the heat absorption tube assembly 2, the upper header 1 and the lower header 3 are close to the peripheries of the upper header 1 and the lower header 3; the sunlight secondary reflection device 4 comprises a posture adjusting device 41 and a reflection plate group 42, the posture adjusting device 41 comprises a rack 411 and a reflection plate angle adjusting component 412, and the reflection plate group 42 comprises reflection plates 421 which are uniformly distributed in an umbrella shape along the circumferential direction of the upper header 1; the inner edge of the reflecting plate 421 is hinged to the periphery of the upper header 1, and the output end of the reflecting plate angle adjusting component 412 is connected with the back of the reflecting plate 421.
The operation method of the tower type heat absorber comprises the following steps:
a light sensing step, in which the light sensing device arranged on the reflecting plate 421 feeds back the sunlight incident angle and the irradiation intensity to the control system;
adjusting the posture, namely adjusting an included angle between the reflecting plate group 42 and incident light through illumination information given by the control system, and reflecting the incident light to the lower part of the heat absorption pipe assembly 2;
a temperature sensing step, in which the temperature of each part of the heat absorption pipe 21 is reflected to a control system through a temperature measuring device on the heat absorption pipe assembly 2;
and a sleep step, wherein when no light is irradiated or the intensity of the light is lower than a certain threshold value, the reflecting plate group 42 is vertical to the bottom surface and locked.
In the actual working process, the cylindrical surface on the outer side of the heat absorption tube 2 is a light receiving surface, and the outer wall of the heat absorption tube 2 absorbs solar energy, converts the solar energy into heat energy and transmits the heat energy to a heat transfer medium in the heat absorption tube 2. Go up collection case 1 and lower collection case 3 and contain respectively import and export buffer tank, highly-compressed air jar and heat preservation etc. the diameter of collection case 3 periphery can be greater than the diameter of heat-absorbing pipe subassembly 2 about general, consequently lower collection case 3 can shelter from partial sun ray, leads to heat-absorbing pipe 21 lower half section temperature, if heat transfer medium is the fused salt, solidifies easily, blocks up heat-absorbing pipe 21, if heat transfer medium is water or supercritical carbon dioxide, then can lead to heat transfer medium output heat unstability.
The photosensitive device and the infrared temperature measuring device can monitor the change of external light and the surface temperature distribution condition of the heat absorption tube 21 in real time, focus solar radiation to a position with lower temperature according to the temperature distribution, improve the uniformity of energy flux density distribution, prevent the local overheating phenomenon, reduce the thermal stress of the heat absorption tube 21 and prolong the service life.
Taking molten salt as a heat transfer medium as an example, a reflecting plate 421 is additionally arranged on the periphery of the upper header 1 of the heat absorber, the inclination angle of the reflecting plate 421 is adjusted through a posture adjusting device 41, when solar rays are shielded by the lower header 3, the included angle between the reflecting plate 421 and incident rays can be automatically adjusted, the incident rays are reflected to the lower half part of the heat absorbing pipe 21 for the second time, and the molten salt is prevented from being solidified; when the fused salt solidifies to form the jam point, accessible is adjusted the reflecting plate 421 angle heating jam point, dredges heat absorption pipe 2 high-efficiently fast, guarantees the heat absorber safety and stability operation.
Meanwhile, after the reflecting plate 4 is additionally arranged, the heliostat can be arranged at a position closer to the heat absorption tower, sunlight is focused on the surface of the heat absorber through secondary reflection of the reflecting plate 4, the land utilization efficiency is improved, the light rejection rate is reduced, and the power generation cost is reduced.
The tower type heat absorber has two working conditions during operation, namely an inclined expansion working condition and a vertical suspension working condition (corresponding to the inclined arrangement and the vertical suspension arrangement of the reflecting plate 421), different functions can be realized under different working conditions, wherein the inclined expansion working condition can realize secondary reflection and light condensation of abandoned light (namely light which cannot irradiate the heat absorbing tube), natural light and diffuse reflection light in incident light to a required position (such as the lower part of the heat absorbing tube 21 shielded by the lower header 3) through the reflecting plate 421, so that the full utilization of a light source is realized, and the truncation efficiency is improved; the vertical suspension working condition can play a role in partial heat preservation and physical protection of the upper part of the heat absorption pipe 21.
The solar ray secondary reflection device 4 has stronger adaptability and strain capacity, can adjust the posture along with the change of the incident angle of light and the illumination requirements of different positions of the heat absorption tube, can adjust the operation mode along with the change of the irradiation intensity, when the solar radiation is stronger, the middle part of the heat absorption tube 21 is likely to be locally overheated, at the moment, the inclination angle of the reflection plate 421 is changed, the redundant solar radiation can be focused to the position with lower energy flux density, the heat stress of the heat absorption tube 21 is reduced, the service life is prolonged, the uniformity of solar radiation facula can be improved by adjusting the inclination angle of the reflection plate 421, the uneven heat stress caused by uneven light receiving on the surface of the heat absorption tube 21 is reduced, and the service life of the heat absorption tube 21; when no solar radiation or low solar radiation is caused at night or in rainy days and the like, the reflecting plate 421 can be put down to be in a vertically suspended state, so that the top of the heat absorber can be kept out of the wind, the convective heat transfer is reduced, the heat preservation and physical protection effects are achieved, the solar ray secondary reflecting device 4 is suitable for tower type heat absorbers with different heat transfer media, and the heat transfer media can be, but not limited to, fused salt, water, supercritical carbon dioxide and the like.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-5, the tower-type heat absorber of the present embodiment includes an upper header 1, a lower header 3, and a heat absorption tube assembly 2 disposed between the upper header 1 and the lower header 3, wherein a solar ray secondary reflection device 4 is disposed at an upper end of the upper header, the heat absorption tube assembly 2 is a heat absorption screen surrounded by a plurality of heat absorption tubes 21, and a connection portion between the heat absorption tube assembly 2 and the upper header 1, the lower header 3 is close to the periphery of the upper header 1, the lower header 3; the sunlight secondary reflection device 4 comprises a posture adjusting device 41 and a reflection plate group 42, the posture adjusting device 41 comprises a rack 411 and a reflection plate angle adjusting component 412, and the reflection plate group 42 comprises reflection plates 421 which are uniformly distributed in an umbrella shape along the circumferential direction of the upper header 1; the inner edge of the reflecting plate 421 is hinged to the periphery of the upper header 1, and the output end of the reflecting plate angle adjusting component 412 is connected with the back of the reflecting plate 421.
The hinged position of the inner edge of the reflecting plate 421 and the periphery of the upper header 1 is a damping hinge.
The posture adjusting device 41 is driven by multiple connecting rods, and the reflecting plate angle adjusting assembly 412 comprises a driving slider 4121 sleeved on the posture adjusting driving device 411, a long connecting rod 4122 hinged with the driving slider 4121, a short connecting rod 4124 respectively hinged with the tail end of the long connecting rod 4122 and the back of the reflecting plate 421, and a supporting short rod 4123 respectively hinged with the middle part of the long connecting rod 4122 and the periphery of the upper header 1.
The posture adjusting driving device 411 is a linear module or a ball screw.
The reflecting plate group 42 comprises 8-surface reflecting plates 421 uniformly distributed along the periphery of the upper header.
The working surface of the reflector 421 has a reflection enhancing coating, and the reflection enhancing coating is a silver coating.
And a heat insulation layer is arranged on the outer side of the reflection plate 421, and the heat insulation layer is made of heat insulation cotton.
The reflecting plate 421 is provided with a photosensitive device, and the photosensitive device is a solar sensor.
And a temperature measuring device is arranged on the heat absorption pipe assembly 2 and is an infrared temperature sensor.
The reflecting plate angle adjusting assembly 412 is a multi-link-slider structure, and the position of the driving slider 4121 is adjusted by the posture adjusting driving device 411, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the reflecting plate 421, wherein the lowest position of the driving slider 4121 corresponds to the maximum inclination position of the reflecting plate 421, and the highest position of the driving slider 4121 corresponds to the vertical placement position of the reflecting plate 421.
When the heat absorption tube assembly is in operation, the control system receives incident light information received by the photosensitive device and temperature distribution information of the heat absorption tube 21 received by the temperature measuring device, the control system analyzes and synthesizes the incident light information and the temperature distribution information, an application mode is selected, if the illumination intensity is higher than a certain threshold value, an included angle between the reflection plate group 42 and the incident light is adjusted, the incident light is reflected to the lower part or other required positions of the heat absorption tube assembly 2, if the illumination intensity is lower than the certain threshold value, a dormant working condition is started, and the reflection plate group 42 is perpendicular to.
The advantages of this embodiment are: the damping hinge can play a role in preventing or slowing down the swinging of the reflector 421 when meeting extreme weather such as strong wind, strong rain, hail and the like, so that the overall safety is improved; the multi-connecting-rod driving structure is high in rigidity, the reflecting plate 421 is accurately positioned, the included angle of the reflecting plate 421 relative to the horizontal plane can be adjusted by driving the sliding block 4121 to move up and down, the adjusting range is large, the inclined angle of the reflecting plate 421 can be fixed by fixing the position of the driving sliding block 4121, the external climate influence factor is small, and the stability and the reliability are high; the solar sensor can be used for detecting the position of the sun, measuring the incident angle of light rays, and feeding back the incident angle to the control system so as to adjust the inclination angle of the reflector 421; the temperature measuring device can be used for measuring the temperature distribution and temperature rise of the surface of the heat absorption pipe 21, monitoring whether the heat absorption pipe 21 is locally overheated or solidified and blocked in real time, and adjusting the angles of the heliostat and the reflecting plate 421 in time according to the local overheating or solidification and blocking conditions; the enhanced reflection coating can improve the reflectivity of the reflection plate, a silver-plated coating can be adopted, the technology is mature, the cost is low, the reflection plate is not easy to fall off, and the reflectivity is high; the heat preservation layer can reduce the heat dissipation, plays the effect of heat preservation and physics protection, can adopt the heat preservation cotton, and light in weight, the heat conductivity is low, and the compliance is good, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant.
Example 2
The difference from the example 1 is that: referring to fig. 6-9, the posture adjusting device 41 is a rope drive, the frame 411 is a hollow structure, a winding drum 4125 fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the upper header 1 is arranged inside the frame 411, a branching hole 4111 is arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the frame 411, branching slideways 4126 are circumferentially distributed on the upper end surface, correspondingly, a driving rope limiting ring 4128 is arranged on the periphery of the upper end of the upper header 1, one end of the driving rope 4127 is wound on the winding drum 4125, the output end is divided into a plurality of branches, each branch sequentially passes through the corresponding branching hole 4111, the corresponding branching slideway 4126 and the driving rope limiting ring 4128, and the tail end is fixedly connected with the back of the reflection plate 421.
The hinged position of the inner edge of the reflecting plate 421 and the periphery of the upper header 1 is a multi-gear self-locking hinge.
The reflecting plate group 42 comprises 4 reflecting plates 421 uniformly distributed along the periphery of the upper header.
The photosensitive device on the reflective plate 421 is an irradiance sensor.
The advantages of this embodiment are: the rope driving mode has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, the reflecting plate 421 may turn up or shake when the wind is strong, but the reflecting plate will fall back to a predetermined position when the wind is weak, and the hinge at the joint of the reflecting plate 421 and the upper header 1 adopts a multi-gear self-locking hinge to reduce the phenomenon that the reflecting plate 421 turns up or shakes; the reflecting plate 421 surface number is less, and the structure is easily realized, the irradiance sensor is selected to the photosensitive device, can be used to survey the light irradiation intensity of each angle, can use with solar sensor cooperation also can the exclusive use for feedback light incident angle and illumination intensity, in order to adjust the reflecting plate 421 inclination, switch reflecting plate 421 service mode.
Example 3
The difference from the example 2 is that: the hinged part of the inner edge of the reflecting plate 421 and the periphery of the upper header 1 is a spring hinge.
The advantages of this embodiment are: compared with a multi-gear self-locking hinge, the inclination angle of the reflecting plate 421 is not limited by gears, and stepless adjustment of the inclination angle of the reflecting plate 421 can be realized.
Example 4
The differences from the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 are that: each reflecting plate 421 of the posture adjusting device 41 has an independent motor drive.
The reflecting plate group 42 comprises 12 reflecting plates 421 uniformly distributed along the periphery of the upper header.
The advantages of this embodiment are: compared with the multi-link driving and the rope driving, one motor can drive all the reflection plates 421 to pitch, each reflection plate 421 has an independent motor drive, the number of driving devices is more, but the structure is not complex, the inclination angle of each reflection plate 421 can be adjusted according to the incident angle of light, and each reflection plate 421 can reflect the light to the most needed position.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that in the embodiments described above, numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solutions claimed in the claims of the present application can be basically implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the above-described embodiments. Accordingly, in actual practice, various changes in form and detail may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. Tower heat absorber, its characterized in that: the solar heat collector comprises an upper collecting box (1), a lower collecting box (3) and a heat absorption pipe assembly (2) arranged between the upper collecting box (1) and the lower collecting box (3), wherein a solar ray secondary reflection device (4) is arranged at the upper end of the upper collecting box, the heat absorption pipe assembly (2) is a heat absorption screen formed by surrounding a plurality of heat absorption pipes (21), and the joints of the heat absorption pipe assembly (2) and the upper collecting box (1) and the lower collecting box (3) are close to the peripheries of the upper collecting box (1) and the lower collecting box (3); the sunlight secondary reflection device (4) comprises a posture adjusting device (41) and a reflection plate group (42), the posture adjusting device (41) comprises a rack (411) and a reflection plate angle adjusting assembly (412), and the reflection plate group (42) comprises reflection plates (421) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the upper header (1) in an umbrella shape; the inner edge of the reflecting plate (421) is hinged to the periphery of the upper header (1), and the output end of the reflecting plate angle adjusting component (412) is connected with the back of the reflecting plate (421).
2. The tower heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: the hinge joint of the inner edge of the reflecting plate (421) and the periphery of the upper header (1) can be selected from a multi-gear self-locking hinge, a damping hinge or a spring hinge.
3. The tower heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: the posture adjusting device (41) is driven by a plurality of connecting rods or ropes or each reflecting plate (421) is driven by an independent motor.
4. The tower heat absorber of claim 3, wherein: the posture adjusting device (41) is driven by multiple connecting rods, the reflecting plate angle adjusting assembly (412) comprises a driving slider (4121) sleeved on the posture adjusting driving device (411), a long connecting rod (4122) hinged with the driving slider (4121), short connecting rods (4124) respectively hinged with the tail end of the long connecting rod (4122) and the back of the reflecting plate (421), and supporting short rods (4123) respectively hinged with the middle of the long connecting rod (4122) and the periphery of the upper header (1).
5. The tower heat absorber of claim 3, wherein: the posture adjusting device (41) is a rope drive, the rack (411) is of a hollow structure, a winding drum (4125) fixedly connected with the upper end face of the upper header (1) is arranged inside the rack, a branching hole (4111) is formed in the middle of the upper end face of the rack (411), branching slideways (4126) are circumferentially distributed on the upper end face of the upper header, correspondingly, a driving rope limiting ring (4128) is arranged on the periphery of the upper end of the upper header (1), one end of a driving rope (4127) is wound on the winding drum (4125), the output end of the driving rope is divided into a plurality of branches, each branch sequentially penetrates through the corresponding branching hole (4111), the corresponding branching slideway (4126) and the corresponding driving rope limiting ring (4128), and the tail end of the branch is fixedly connected with the back.
6. The tower heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: the reflecting plate group (42) comprises 4-12 reflecting plates (421) which are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the upper header.
7. The tower heat absorber of claim 6, wherein: the working surface of the reflecting plate (421) is provided with a reinforced reflecting coating, and the back surface of the working surface is provided with a heat preservation layer.
8. The tower heat absorber of claim 7, wherein: and a photosensitive device is arranged on the reflecting plate (421).
9. The tower heat absorber of claim 1, wherein: and a temperature measuring device is arranged on the heat absorption pipe assembly (2).
10. The operation method of the tower type heat absorber is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a light sensing step, wherein the incident angle and the irradiation intensity of the sunlight are fed back to a control system through a light sensing device arranged on the reflecting plate (421);
adjusting the posture, namely adjusting an included angle between the reflecting plate group (42) and incident light through illumination information given by the control system, and reflecting the incident light to the lower part of the heat absorption pipe assembly (2);
a temperature sensing step, wherein the temperature of each part of the heat absorption pipe (21) is reflected to a control system through a temperature measuring device on the heat absorption pipe assembly (2);
and a sleep step, when no light is irradiated or the light irradiation intensity is lower than a certain threshold value, the reflecting plate group (42) is vertical to the bottom surface and locked.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010452086.7A CN111578528A (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Tower type heat absorber and operation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010452086.7A CN111578528A (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Tower type heat absorber and operation method |
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| CN111578528A true CN111578528A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010452086.7A Pending CN111578528A (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Tower type heat absorber and operation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112164895A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-01-01 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Umbrella-shaped reflector dragged by passive slow-release unfolding mechanism |
| CN112443988A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-05 | 安徽晶飞科技有限公司 | Efficient solar thermal power generation equipment |
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| CN2350694Y (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 1999-11-24 | 曹国平 | Solar heat collector with reflector |
| CN204128216U (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-01-28 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | A kind of tower type solar heat dump |
| CN105674587A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-15 | 苏州久晶光电科技有限公司 | Reflection and condensation type solar power station |
| CN212870271U (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-04-02 | 浙江大学 | Tower type heat absorber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2350694Y (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 1999-11-24 | 曹国平 | Solar heat collector with reflector |
| CN204128216U (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-01-28 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | A kind of tower type solar heat dump |
| CN105674587A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-15 | 苏州久晶光电科技有限公司 | Reflection and condensation type solar power station |
| CN212870271U (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-04-02 | 浙江大学 | Tower type heat absorber |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112164895A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-01-01 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Umbrella-shaped reflector dragged by passive slow-release unfolding mechanism |
| CN112164895B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-02-01 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Umbrella-shaped reflector dragged by passive slow-release unfolding mechanism |
| CN112443988A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-05 | 安徽晶飞科技有限公司 | Efficient solar thermal power generation equipment |
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