CN111577384B - Drainage structures is led to severe cold district tunnel lateral wall pilot tunnel - Google Patents
Drainage structures is led to severe cold district tunnel lateral wall pilot tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111577384B CN111577384B CN202010391615.7A CN202010391615A CN111577384B CN 111577384 B CN111577384 B CN 111577384B CN 202010391615 A CN202010391615 A CN 202010391615A CN 111577384 B CN111577384 B CN 111577384B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a drainage structure for a tunnel side wall pilot pit in a severe cold region, which comprises a T-shaped tunnel side wall pilot pit provided with an electric heating automatic temperature control device, wherein a water collecting sand-settling well is arranged at a junction position, and a plurality of underground water seepage and drainage guide pipes are radially driven into a rock stratum on the T-shaped tunnel side wall pilot pit. The parallel pilot pits in the T-shaped tunnel side wall pilot pit concentrate precipitation outside the tunnel on the premise of not interfering the safety of the tunnel, can drain water in surrounding rock bedrock foundation soil outside the tunnel, promote soil consolidation, reduce lateral displacement and settlement of soil slope soil, and install an electric heating automatic temperature control device in the vertical pilot pit to ensure that the longitudinal ring in a tunnel drainage system freezes and blocks a blind drain pipe under a long-term low-temperature environment of the tunnel, so that underground water can enter the pilot pit through the radial underground water seepage drainage guide pipe and then is discharged out of the tunnel through the central water drainage pipe under the condition of losing drainage capacity, and the radial underground water seepage drainage guide pipe guides the underground water to enter the pilot pit in a large range, thereby having excellent effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of guiding and draining of a tunnel side wall guide pit in an alpine region, and particularly relates to a guiding and draining structure of a tunnel side wall guide pit in an alpine region.
Background
The current tunnel lining design generally adopts C35 concrete with the thickness of 30 cm-60 cm according to the types of external surrounding rocks, the thickness has no influence in areas with better plain temperature, and a tunnel water-proof and drainage system can normally play the roles of blocking, interception and drainage. However, tunnels in alpine regions in plateaus or extremely cold regions in high latitudes are affected by extremely low temperatures and durations in different degrees, and are also affected by freezing depths in different degrees. In the areas, the frozen soil layer generally exists, compared with frozen soil lining concrete, the heat transfer performance of the frozen soil is better, actually, the freezing depth of the lining is deeper than that of the frozen soil, solar radiation does not exist in the tunnel, particularly in the tunnel opening section, the continuous low-temperature cold quantity is more, and the freezing depth is gradually increased along with the gradual increase of the original ground temperature in the surrounding rock along with the gradual distance of the tunnel from the opening. In a plateau alpine region or a high-latitude extremely cold region, the environmental temperature in a hole, particularly at a hole opening section, is reduced under the influence of the alpine and extremely cold weather, the lining concrete is frozen under the condition of continuous extremely low temperature weather, the freezing depth can penetrate through the tunnel lining concrete and reach an outer primary support concrete layer, and even the freezing influence of a certain depth is generated on the surrounding rock at the outer side. The waterproof board geotechnical cloth and the ring longitudinal drain pipe of the waterproof and drainage system are arranged outside the tunnel lining, and under the condition of continuous high and cold extreme cold weather, the waterproof and drainage system between the tunnel lining and the primary support is also influenced by different degrees, so that the effect that the waterproof and drainage system is lost due to ice accumulation and blockage is reduced. In high-altitude areas such as northeast and northwest of China, Tibet Qinghai and the like, railway tunnels in the high-altitude areas have freezing injuries of different degrees, some freezing injuries are serious, and water seepage and water leakage, ice hanging and ice accumulation and water ditch ice accumulation in seasonal tunnels generally exist after construction to affect traffic. And a plurality of measures for treating the diseases of the leakage water tunnel in the alpine region are generated according to the diseases. The plugging and repairing method, the in-hole reinforcing method and the surface treatment method basically belong to the design intention of plugging, and 100% of non-leakage is difficult to achieve. A central deep-buried drain pipe method, a cold-proof ditch method and a heating ditch method basically belong to the design intention of heating and heat preservation to avoid water freezing, have certain significance only on the local part in a hole and have little influence on a lined drainage system. The problems that the annular longitudinal blind pipes are frozen and blocked in the environment of a severe cold area and the water level of underground water is hoarded to rise and the lining leaks water cannot be solved.
The vertical shaft (well point dewatering) method and the drainage method reduce the groundwater level by pumping water and drainage, and are effective treatment methods. However, the tunnel surface burial depth is large, the large tunnel has complex geology, and a tunnel with a plurality of water-rich sections is adopted in a vertical shaft (well point precipitation) method, precipitation needs to be formed for each water-rich section in the freezing range of the tunnel, the precipitation effect is good, and the drainage effect is general. And a plurality of vertical shafts are constructed downwards from the ground surface, and the construction engineering amount and the later maintenance cost of the engineering are huge. The tunnel vertical shaft with large ground surface burial depth needs to penetrate through a plurality of water-rich geological layers, consumes a large amount of electric energy for a long time, and needs to invest a large amount of manpower and material resources in the temperature rise and heat preservation and later maintenance of a pumping and drainage system. The drainage water tunnel method needs to form precipitation aiming at each rich water section in the frozen range of the tunnel, and has good drainage effect and general precipitation effect. By adopting the branch drainage tunnel method, a plurality of branch drainage tunnels need to be constructed according to the terrain, the engineering quantity is huge, and the terrain is difficult to meet the requirements. The method of adopting the parallel sluicing cave of hole side just needs to construct a sluicing cave of the same length as the frozen length of the tunnel main tunnel, and the problem associated with it: whether a parallel drainage tunnel is also constructed on the other side of the tunnel or not has huge engineering investment cost. By adopting the under-tunnel central drainage tunnel method, the under-tunnel central drainage tunnel needs to be additionally arranged at the same period as the tunnel or after the vehicle is communicated, and is positioned at the center of the bottom of the tunnel in structural construction, so that the tunnel lining, the supporting stability and the construction safety are not facilitated. The position of a central drainage tunnel under a tunnel stability tunnel is ensured to be deeper, and the outer drainage system of the tunnel lining is difficult to communicate. And the concept of the central drainage tunnel under the tunnel is the same as that of the central deep-buried drainage pipe, the central deep-buried drainage pipe method is adopted during construction, and the drainage can be connected with a drainage system pipeline after lining for drainage, and the central drainage tunnel under the tunnel method has little significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a drainage structure of a tunnel side wall guide pit in a severe cold region aiming at the defects in the prior art, the drainage structure is novel and reasonable in design, the drainage structure with proper size is constructed by excavating outside the tunnel aiming at the condition of water quantity of a water seepage section or a water-rich section of the tunnel in the severe cold region, the parallel guide pits in the T-shaped tunnel side wall guide pit can concentrate precipitation outside the tunnel on the premise of not interfering the safety of the tunnel, drain water in surrounding rock bedrock on the outer ring of the tunnel, promote the consolidation of soil body, reduce the lateral displacement and settlement of soil body on a soil slope, and install an electric heating automatic temperature control device in the vertical guide pit to ensure that the longitudinal annular drainage blind pipe in a tunnel drainage system is frozen and blocked in the long-term low-temperature environment of the tunnel, and underground water can enter the guide pit through radial underground punching water seepage drainage guide pipes under the condition of losing drainage capacity, and then the water is discharged out of the tunnel through the central water discharge pipe, the radial underground punching water seepage guide and drainage guide pipe guides the underground water to enter the guide pit in a large range, and the water guide and drainage device is excellent in use effect and convenient to popularize and use.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a drainage structures is led to severe cold district tunnel lateral wall pilot tunnel which characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that a vertical guide pit which is excavated along the direction vertical to a tunnel lining is arranged at the center position of the side wall of a tunnel corresponding to a water seepage section or a water-rich section of a tunnel in an alpine region, and a parallel guide pit which is excavated along the direction parallel to the tunnel lining and is communicated with one end of the vertical guide pit far away from the tunnel in the alpine region, the vertical guide pit and the parallel guide pit form a T-shaped tunnel side wall guide pit, a water collecting sand trap which is communicated with the vertical guide pit and the parallel guide pit is vertically excavated downwards at the intersection position of the vertical guide pit and the parallel guide pit, the water collecting sand trap is communicated with a central drain pipe through a connecting drain pipe, one end of the connecting drain pipe, which is communicated with the water collecting sand trap, is higher than one end of the connecting drain pipe, which is communicated with the central drain pipe, and a plurality of underground punching water seepage and drainage guide pipes which are communicated with the vertical guide pit and the parallel guide pit are radially driven into the rock stratum at the upper part of the side wall guide pit of the T-shaped tunnel, an electric heating automatic temperature control device is arranged in the vertical guide pit.
Foretell alpine region tunnel lateral wall pilot tunnel drainage structures, its characterized in that: and the top of the water collecting grit chamber is provided with a hollowed-out well cover.
Foretell alpine region tunnel lateral wall pilot tunnel drainage structures, its characterized in that: the vertical pilot tunnel penetrates through the primary tunnel lining, the waterproof layer and the secondary tunnel lining to be communicated with the tunnel in the alpine region, and the intersection section between the vertical pilot tunnel and the primary tunnel lining and the secondary tunnel lining is plugged by a molded concrete wall.
Foretell alpine region tunnel lateral wall pilot tunnel drainage structures, its characterized in that: and an inspection door is installed on the molded concrete wall.
Foretell alpine region tunnel lateral wall pilot tunnel drainage structures, its characterized in that: the electric heating automatic temperature control device comprises an XGD type electric heater.
Foretell alpine region tunnel lateral wall pilot tunnel drainage structures, its characterized in that: and the height of the bottom of the pipe at one end of the connecting drain pipe connected with the water collecting sand trap is higher than that of the bottom of the water collecting sand trap.
Foretell alpine region tunnel lateral wall pilot tunnel drainage structures, its characterized in that: the height of the bottom of the pipe at one end of the connecting drain pipe connected with the water collecting grit chamber is 50-100 cm higher than the height of the bottom of the water collecting grit chamber.
Foretell alpine region tunnel lateral wall pilot tunnel drainage structures, its characterized in that: the inner ground of the vertical guide pit and the inner ground of the parallel guide pit on two sides of the water collecting grit well are both slope surfaces, the slope of each slope surface is 5% -15%, and one side of each slope surface close to the water collecting grit well is lower than one side of each slope surface far away from the water collecting grit well.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the parallel guide pits are arranged on the outer sides of the water seepage sections or the water-rich sections of the tunnels in the alpine regions and are parallel to the tunnel lining direction, precipitation is concentrated outside the tunnels, water in foundation soil around the tunnels can be drained, soil bodies can be solidified, the foundation strength is improved, lateral displacement and settlement of soil bodies on soil slopes can be reduced, the parallel guide pits are communicated with the tunnels in the alpine regions through the vertical guide pits perpendicular to the tunnel lining direction, the engineering construction cost investment is greatly reduced, the engineering construction is simple and easy to implement, the blocking drainage effect is excellent, the problem of water seepage of the tunnels in the alpine regions is effectively solved, the safety of vehicle passing operation in the tunnels in the low-temperature environment is ensured, and meanwhile, the water seepage drainage of the water-rich tunnels in the common normal-temperature regions can be implemented and is convenient to popularize and use.
2. The invention excavates the catchment sand trap communicated with the vertical pilot tunnel and the parallel pilot tunnel vertically and downwards at the intersection position of the vertical pilot tunnel and the parallel pilot tunnel, deposits the sand stone existing in the seepage water, avoids the blockage of the central drain pipe caused by the drainage of the later connecting drain pipe to the central drain pipe, installs the electric heating automatic temperature control device in the vertical pilot tunnel, ensures that the underground water can enter the pilot tunnel through the radial underground perforation seepage water guide pipe, and then discharges the underground water out of the tunnel through the central drain pipe, solves the problems that the seepage water of the vault and the side wall of the tunnel and the road surface is frozen to influence the passing through caused by the freezing blockage of the circumferential and longitudinal blind pipes at the outer side of the lining in the high and cold area of the tunnel.
3. The invention has novel and reasonable design, and a plurality of underground perforating and water permeating and drainage guide pipes which are communicated with the vertical pilot pits and the parallel pilot pits are radially driven into the rock stratum at the upper part of the pilot pit on the side wall of the T-shaped tunnel on the vertical pilot pits and the parallel pilot pits, and the radial underground perforating and water permeating and drainage guide pipes guide underground water to enter the pilot pits in a large range, thereby realizing the rapid drainage and dredging of water in the foundation soil outside the tunnel, having excellent use effect and being convenient for popularization and use.
In conclusion, the invention has novel and reasonable design, a drainage structure with proper size is excavated and constructed outside the tunnel aiming at the water quantity condition of the water seepage section or the water-rich section of the tunnel in the alpine region, the parallel guide pits in the guide pits on the side wall of the T-shaped tunnel concentrate the rainfall outside the tunnel on the premise of not interfering the safety of the tunnel, the moisture in the surrounding rock bedrock on the outer ring of the tunnel can be drained and drained, the soil body consolidation is promoted, the lateral displacement and settlement of the soil body on the soil slope are reduced, the electric heating automatic temperature control device is arranged in the vertical guide pit, the freezing blockage of the vertical ring drainage blind pipe in the tunnel drainage system is ensured under the long-term low-temperature environment of the tunnel, the underground water can enter the guide pits through the radial underground water seepage guide pipes which are drilled underground, then is discharged out of the tunnel through the central drainage pipe, and the radial underground water seepage guide pipes guide, excellent use effect and convenient popularization and use.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a state diagram of the present invention in use.
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the fitting relationship between the drainage structure and the tunnel according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1, primary lining of a tunnel; 2-waterproof layer; 3, secondary lining of the tunnel;
4, annularly punching a drainage blind pipe; 5, constructing a joint water stop strip; 6, longitudinal drainage blind pipes;
7-lateral side wall drainage branch pipes; 8-central drain pipe; 9-vertical pilot hole;
10-parallel pilot pits; 11-a water-collecting sand-settling well; 12-connecting a drain pipe;
13-inspection door; 14, hollowing out a well cover;
15-underground perforation water seepage drainage guide pipe.
Detailed Description
As shown in figures 1 to 3, the invention comprises a vertical pilot pit 9 excavated along the direction vertical to the lining direction of a tunnel at the center position of the side wall of the tunnel corresponding to a water seepage section or a water-rich section of a tunnel in an alpine region and a parallel pilot pit 10 excavated along the direction parallel to the lining direction of the tunnel and communicated with one end of the vertical pilot pit 9 far away from the tunnel in the alpine region, wherein the vertical pilot pit 9 and the parallel pilot pit 10 form a T-shaped tunnel side wall pilot pit, a water collecting sand trap 11 communicated with the vertical pilot pit 9 and the parallel pilot pit 10 is vertically excavated downwards at the intersection position of the vertical pilot pit 9 and the parallel pilot pit 10, the water collecting sand trap 11 is communicated with a central drainage pipe 8 through a connecting drainage pipe 12, one end of the connecting drainage pipe 12 communicated with the water collecting sand trap 11 is higher than one end of the connecting drainage pipe 12 with the central drainage pipe 8, and a plurality of underground perforations communicated with the vertical pilot pit 9 and the parallel pilot pit 10 and radially excavated on the upper part of the side wall pilot pit 9 and the parallel pilot pit 10 in the T-shaped tunnel side wall And the water guide and drainage guide pipe 15 is arranged, and an electric heating automatic temperature control device is arranged in the vertical guide pit 9.
It should be noted that, in the tunnel in the alpine region, the tunnel is affected by the high-cold air temperature, the wind speed and the wind direction in the tunnel entrance, the elevation of the tunnel entrance and exit, the sunshine time of the tunnel entrance and the like, and the tunnel entrance is affected by different environmental factors, and corresponding freeze-thaw rings and freezing depths can be generated, so that the waterproof and drainage system is also affected by freezing in different degrees, and the general formation process is divided into the following four stages: in the first stage, the freezing depth is gradually increased outwards in an annular mode at the initial cooling stage, the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 6 in the annular perforation drainage blind pipe 4 and the lateral drainage branch pipe 7 of the side wall at the bottom are gradually frozen, the drainage cross section is reduced, the underground water is gradually accumulated, the water level is gradually increased, the weak points of a drainage system and a lining can be searched for and enter a tunnel when the water pressure reaches a certain degree, the phenomenon of water leakage of the tunnel at the initial cooling stage is caused, and the water leakage amount of the lining is increased from small to large; in the second stage, along with the continuous increase of the freezing depth in low-temperature weather, the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 6 in the annular perforated drainage blind pipe 4 and the lateral drainage branch pipe 7 at the bottom side wall are frozen and blocked, the functions of intercepting and drainage are lost, the underground water gradually accumulated with rising water level is also frozen to form a watertight layer, the water leakage amount of the lining is reduced from large to small, and even the water leakage of the tunnel lining does not leak after a period of time; in the third stage and after season change, along with the gradual rise of the environmental temperature, the freezing depth is gradually unfrozen outwards in an annular mode, because the blocked ice in the longitudinal ring drainage blind pipe is relatively intensively thawed slowly, a water melting layer is formed on the outer side of the lining, the water melting layer continuously accumulates water, the water level rises continuously, when the water pressure of the water melting reaches a certain degree, the weak points of a drainage system and the lining are searched for and enter the tunnel, and the phenomenon of tunnel leakage water in the middle stage of environmental temperature rise is avoided; and in the fourth stage, along with gradual increase of the environmental temperature after season change, as the longitudinal drainage blind pipe 6 in the annular perforation drainage blind pipe 4 and the ice blocked in the side wall transverse drainage branch pipe 7 at the bottom are also melted, the construction joint water stop strip 5 in the tunnel secondary lining 3 plays a role, the function of the unobstructed drainage preventing system is also recovered, the outside melted water and the underground water are normally drained to a tunnel central drainage pipe through the drainage system, and the tunnel water leakage phenomenon disappears gradually from top to bottom in the later stage of environmental temperature rise. Therefore, under the condition of continuous high and cold weather, the drainage and prevention system between the tunnel lining and the primary support is influenced by different degrees, the efficacy of the drainage and prevention system is reduced and even lost, aiming at the failure period of the drainage and prevention system, the parallel pilot pits 10 parallel to the tunnel lining direction are arranged at the outer sides of the water seepage sections or the water-rich sections of the tunnels in the high and cold areas, the precipitation is concentrated outside the tunnels, the moisture in the foundation soil outside the tunnels can be drained, the soil body consolidation is promoted, the foundation strength is improved, the lateral displacement and the settlement of the soil body on the soil slope are reduced, the parallel pilot pits 10 are communicated with the tunnels in the high and cold areas through the vertical pilot pits 9 vertical to the tunnel lining direction, the investment of engineering construction cost is greatly reduced, the engineering construction is simple and easy, the blocking and drainage effects are excellent, the problem of the water seepage of the tunnels in the high and cold areas is effectively solved, the traffic operation safety in the tunnels in the low-temperature environment is ensured, and the existing traffic tunnels and the tunnels are established, the drainage of the leakage water of the water-rich tunnel in the common normal temperature area can be implemented; a water collecting sand trap 11 communicated with the vertical guide pit 9 and the parallel guide pit 10 is vertically and downwards excavated at the intersection position of the vertical guide pit 9 and the parallel guide pit 10 to precipitate gravels existing in seepage water, so that the phenomenon that the central drainage pipe 8 is blocked due to the drainage of a later-period connecting drainage pipe 12 to the central drainage pipe 8 is avoided, an electric heating automatic temperature control device is installed in the vertical guide pit 9, underground water can enter the guide pit through a radial underground punching seepage drainage guide pipe under the low-temperature environment of the tunnel, and then the underground water is discharged out of the tunnel through the central drainage pipe, and the problems that the seepage water of the vault and the side wall of the tunnel is caused due to the freezing blockage of circumferential and longitudinal blind pipes at the outer side of a lining in a high-cold area at the tunnel and the influence of the freezing of the road surface are solved; a plurality of underground punching water seepage guide and drainage guide pipes 15 which are communicated with the vertical pilot pits 9 and the parallel pilot pits 10 are radially driven into the rock stratum at the upper parts of the pilot pits on the side walls of the T-shaped tunnels on the vertical pilot pits 9 and the parallel pilot pits 10, and the radial underground punching water seepage guide and drainage guide pipes guide underground water to enter the pilot pits in a large range, so that the moisture in the foundation soil outside the tunnels is quickly dredged, and the use effect is excellent.
In this embodiment, the top of the water collecting sand trap 11 is provided with a hollow well lid 14.
In this embodiment, the vertical pilot tunnel 9 passes through the primary tunnel lining 1, the waterproof layer 2 and the secondary tunnel lining 3 to be communicated with the tunnel in the alpine region, and the intersection section between the vertical pilot tunnel 9 and the primary tunnel lining 1 to the secondary tunnel lining 3 is blocked by a molded concrete wall.
In this embodiment, the molded concrete wall is provided with an inspection door 13.
It should be noted that, the drainage structure is led in the tunnel side wall pilot tunnel, after the construction acceptance is finished, the inspection door 13 is installed on the molded concrete wall to periodically inspect the supporting and protecting stable condition in the pilot tunnel, the water flowing condition of the connecting drainage pipe 12, the precipitation condition of the water collecting sand settling well 11 and the safe operation condition of the electric heating automatic temperature control device, and particularly before and after the temperature in the tunnel is lowered and raised every year, whether the inspection structure and the supporting facilities can work normally is periodically cleaned and maintained, so that the use safety and reliability are ensured.
In this embodiment, the electric heating automatic temperature control device includes an XGD type electric heater.
In this embodiment, the height of the bottom of the end of the connecting drainage pipe 12 connected with the water-collecting grit chamber 11 is higher than the height of the bottom of the water-collecting grit chamber 11.
In this embodiment, the height of the bottom of the end of the connecting drainage pipe 12 connected with the water-collecting grit chamber 11 is 50-100 cm higher than the height of the bottom of the water-collecting grit chamber 11.
It should be noted that the purpose of the pipe bottom elevation at one end of the connecting drainage pipe 12 connected with the water collecting grit chamber 11 is higher than the bottom elevation of the water collecting grit chamber 11 by 50cm to 100cm is for sand settling, and the settled underground water in the well enters the central drainage pipe 12 deeply buried in the tunnel design through the connecting drainage pipe 12 and is discharged out of the tunnel.
In this embodiment, the inner ground of the vertical guide pit 9 and the inner ground of the parallel guide pit 10 on both sides of the water collecting grit well 11 are both slope surfaces, the slope of the slope surface is 5% -15%, and one side of the slope surface close to the water collecting grit well 11 is lower than one side of the slope surface far away from the water collecting grit well 11.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a drainage structures is led to severe cold district tunnel lateral wall pilot tunnel which characterized in that: the tunnel side wall excavation method comprises a vertical guide pit (9) excavated in the direction perpendicular to a tunnel lining direction at the center position of a tunnel side wall corresponding to a water seepage section or a water-rich section of a tunnel in an alpine region and a parallel guide pit (10) excavated in the direction parallel to the tunnel lining direction and communicated with one end, far away from the tunnel in the alpine region, of the vertical guide pit (9) and the parallel guide pit (10), wherein the vertical guide pit (9) and the parallel guide pit (10) form a T-shaped tunnel side wall guide pit, a water collection sand trap (11) communicated with the vertical guide pit (9) and the parallel guide pit (10) is vertically excavated downwards at the intersection position of the vertical guide pit (9) and the parallel guide pit (10), the water collection sand trap (11) is communicated with a central drainage pipe (8) through a connecting drainage pipe (12), one end, communicated with the water collection sand trap (12) and the water collection sand trap (11), is higher than one end, communicated with the central drainage pipe (12) and the central drainage pipe (8), of the vertical guide pit (9) and the parallel guide pit (10) are radially towards the upper part of the tunnel side wall, and the rock A plurality of underground punching water seepage drainage guide pipes (15) which are communicated with a vertical pilot pit (9) and a parallel pilot pit (10) are arranged in layers, and an electric heating automatic temperature control device is arranged in the vertical pilot pit (9);
the vertical pilot tunnel (9) and the intersection section between the primary tunnel lining (1) and the secondary tunnel lining (3) are plugged by a molded concrete wall;
and an inspection door (13) is installed on the molded concrete wall.
2. The tunnel side wall pit guiding and draining structure for the alpine region according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the water-collecting sand-settling well (11) is provided with a hollowed well cover (14).
3. The tunnel side wall pit guiding and draining structure for the alpine region according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the vertical pilot hole (9) penetrates through the primary tunnel lining (1), the waterproof layer (2) and the secondary tunnel lining (3) to be communicated with the tunnel in the alpine region.
4. The tunnel side wall pit guiding and draining structure for the alpine region according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the bottom of the pipe at one end of the connecting drainage pipe (12) connected with the water collecting sand trap (11) is higher than that of the bottom of the water collecting sand trap (11).
5. The tunnel side wall pit guiding and draining structure for the alpine region according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the bottom of the pipe at one end of the connecting drainage pipe (12) connected with the water collecting grit chamber (11) is 50-100 cm higher than the height of the bottom of the water collecting grit chamber (11).
6. The tunnel side wall pit guiding and draining structure for the alpine region according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner ground of the vertical guide pit (9) and the inner ground of the parallel guide pit (10) on two sides of the water collection sand trap (11) are both slope surfaces, the slope of each slope surface is 5% -15%, and one side of each slope surface, which is close to the water collection sand trap (11), is lower than one side of each slope surface, which is far away from the water collection sand trap (11).
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| CN111577384A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
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