CN111577343A - Multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure and method - Google Patents
Multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111577343A CN111577343A CN202010279726.9A CN202010279726A CN111577343A CN 111577343 A CN111577343 A CN 111577343A CN 202010279726 A CN202010279726 A CN 202010279726A CN 111577343 A CN111577343 A CN 111577343A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006335 epoxy glue Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 71
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/14—Polyepoxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
- C04B2111/2046—Shock-absorbing materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure and a method, which solve the problems of surrounding rock water seepage and impact stress wave damage to a roadway and the like in the mining excavation process, the shielding structure is a multifunctional layer, comprises an anti-seepage shielding layer and a wave-absorbing buffer layer, the multifunctional layer is positioned between an exposed surrounding rock and the roadway, the roadway is positioned at the inner side of the exposed surrounding rock, the anti-seepage shielding layer prepared by a spraying mode is tightly adhered with the surrounding rock, the surrounding rock is well solidified, the anti-seepage function is good, the wave-absorbing buffer layer prepared by the spraying mode is tightly adhered on the anti-seepage shielding layer to form an integrated structure, the integrated structure not only plays a good role in supporting and stabilizing, but also absorbs seismic wave and stress impact wave, absorbs vibration and noise generated in the roadway and is suitable for roadway surrounding rock impact vibration shielding, can effectively ensure the safety of the underground engineering excavation construction and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of roadway dynamic disaster prevention and control, in particular to a multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure and method.
Background
The underground engineering construction condition is complex, dynamic disasters are easy to happen in the process of mining and excavating the roadway, earthquake waves or impact stress waves are often encountered in the construction or operation stage, the roadway is constructed by adopting a strong supporting measure for prevention and treatment at present, the basic principle still mainly aims at absorbing deformation energy, a protective measure for shielding the impact stress waves of the roadway is not provided at home and abroad, and people also study the aspect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure and method to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact shock shielding structure is positioned between a roadway and exposed surrounding rocks, wherein the roadway is positioned on the inner side of the exposed surrounding rocks, and the multifunctional layer shielding structure is arranged between the exposed surrounding rocks and the roadway through spray filling and is composed of an anti-seepage shielding layer and a wave-absorbing buffer layer;
the seepage-proofing shielding layer has the functions of blocking the seepage of underground water and solidifying exposed surrounding rocks;
the wave absorbing buffer layer has the functions of absorbing and buffering seismic waves and impact stress waves.
Further, the anti-seepage shielding layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-20 parts of olefin resin, 24-26 parts of styrene resin, 3-4 parts of glass fiber, 46-49 parts of fly ash and 4-6 parts of AB epoxy glue.
Further, the wave-absorbing buffer layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of graphite, 16-20 parts of cement, 24-27 parts of fine sand stone, 16-18 parts of fly ash, 6-10 parts of water reducing agent, 4-5 parts of building glue, 2-4 parts of calcium carbonate, 2-3 parts of polymer fiber, 2-4 parts of citric acid and 12-14 parts of water.
Further, the preparation and the use of the anti-seepage shielding layer comprise the following steps:
(1) weighing the materials according to the design ratio;
(2) mixing olefin resin and styrene resin, heating and melting to form a melt;
(3) adding glass fiber and fly ash into the melt, and continuously stirring for 20-25 min;
(4) continuously adding the epoxy adhesive A, and stirring for 10-12min to be uniform;
(1) adding the epoxy adhesive B and continuously stirring for 5min to obtain a mixed melt;
(6) directly spraying and filling the melt processed by the steps on a required part, naturally cooling, and solidifying to form an anti-seepage shielding layer;
(7) the mixed melt in the step (6) needs to be used up within two hours.
Further, the preparation and the application of the wave-absorbing buffer layer comprise the following steps:
(1) weighing the materials according to the design ratio;
(2) firstly, mixing and stirring cement, fly ash, a water reducing agent and water uniformly to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) putting graphite and calcium carbonate into a ball mill for ball milling for 4-6h to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into the mixed slurry obtained in the step (2), and continuously stirring for 10-15min to obtain mixed slurry;
(5) adding the polymeric fiber into the slurry, and continuously stirring for 20-25 min;
(6) adding the ground citric acid, and stirring for 10-15min to obtain mixed slurry;
(7) and directly spraying and filling the mixed slurry treated by the steps on a required part, naturally drying, and curing to form the wave-absorbing buffer layer.
Furthermore, the multi-functional layer can be repeatedly sprayed with the anti-seepage shielding layer and the wave-absorbing buffer layer at intervals according to actual use requirements to construct a multi-layer sandwich laminated protective structure.
Further, the polymeric fiber comprises one or more of polypropylene fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and polyester fiber.
Furthermore, the wave absorbing buffer layer can be added with space grid structure main bars woven by materials such as thin bamboo, bamboo strips, steel bars and the like.
Furthermore, the wave-absorbing buffer layer has the absorption effect on vibration and noise generated in the roadway, is suitable for impact vibration shielding protection of exposed surrounding rocks of the roadway, and guarantees the safety of underground engineering excavation construction and use.
Further, the main rib adding method comprises the following steps:
(2) weaving main ribs of the space grid structure according to the actual required thickness;
(3) the main rib structure is attached to the anti-seepage shielding layer and fixed at a position where the wave-absorbing buffer layer is to be arranged;
(4) spraying wave-absorbing buffer layer slurry to the main rib structure, and bonding the spraying slurry and the anti-seepage shielding layer together;
(5) spraying with a thickness of 4-5cm, naturally drying and curing, and continuously spraying until the main ribs are completely covered and embedded.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure and a method, wherein two kinds of spray filling raw materials are prepared by a new process, an anti-seepage shielding layer and a wave-absorbing buffer layer are prepared in a spray filling mode, and a seamlessly combined multifunctional layer shielding structure is obtained.
The seepage-proofing shielding layer made of the novel spraying and filling material has good adhesion, the inner part of the shielding layer is tightly combined, so that the seepage of underground water can be well blocked from entering a roadway, the spraying process enables the seepage-proofing shielding layer to be tightly combined with the exposed surrounding rock wall, and after natural curing, the seepage-proofing shielding layer and the exposed surrounding rock wall can be well combined into a whole to play a good integral curing role.
The novel wave-absorbing buffer layer made of the spray filling material is a novel porous protective material, the material not only has good toughness strength, a large number of closed pores are formed inside the material, a plurality of tough fiber structures are arranged around the pores, the structure has a good wave-absorbing effect, can effectively absorb and shield seismic waves and stress shock waves, can also absorb shock and noise generated in a roadway, and is suitable for roadway surrounding rock shock and shock shielding protection.
The wave-absorbing buffer layer is constructed in a spray filling mode, operation is convenient, the wave-absorbing buffer layer is combined with an adjacent anti-seepage shielding layer more closely, an integrated structure is achieved, stability and protection are better, in actual operation, whether main ribs need to be arranged in the wave-absorbing buffer layer or not and the main ribs of which materials are arranged can be determined according to roadway conditions, and therefore the wave-absorbing buffer layer which is more flexible to construct and stronger in pertinence is achieved, and different protection requirements are met.
The multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact shock shielding structure formed by freely combining the seepage-proofing shielding layer and the wave-absorbing buffer layer stabilizes the surrounding rock, blocks the seepage of underground water, absorbs seismic waves, absorbs stress shock waves, absorbs shock and noise generated in a roadway, is suitable for roadway surrounding rock impact shock shielding protection, and ensures the excavation construction and use safety of underground engineering.
In addition, the anti-seepage shielding layer and the wave-absorbing buffer layer are arranged in a spray filling mode, so that the situation that a fixing device is excessively adopted in the process of arranging the shielding layer and the exposed surrounding rock is damaged due to the influence of factors such as the structure of the surrounding rock is avoided, the integration degree is low and the shielding protection effect in the actual use of the shielding layer is reduced due to the fact that the shielding layer is completely combined by the fixing device, and the shielding structure is arranged in a full spray filling mode.
In conclusion, the multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure and the method have good application prospect and popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure;
wherein: 1-surrounding rock, 2-exposed surrounding rock, 3-multiple functional layers, 4-roadway, 5-seismic wave, 6-impact stress wave, 7-underground water and 8-space vibration;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a wave-absorbing buffer layer.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the patent is further explained by combining the attached drawings and the embodiment.
Example 1
The anti-seepage shielding layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of olefin resin, 24 parts of styrene resin, 4 parts of glass fiber, 46 parts of fly ash and 6 parts of AB epoxy glue;
the preparation method of the anti-seepage shielding layer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the materials according to the design ratio;
(2) mixing olefin resin and styrene resin, heating to 170 deg.C, and melting to form melt;
(3) adding glass fiber and fly ash into the melt, and continuously stirring for 20 min;
(4) continuously adding the epoxy adhesive A, and stirring for 10min to be uniform;
(5) adding the epoxy adhesive B and continuously stirring for 5min to obtain a mixed melt;
(6) directly spraying and filling the melt processed by the steps on a required part, naturally cooling, and solidifying and molding;
(7) the mixed melt in the step (6) needs to be used up within two hours.
The wave-absorbing buffer layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of graphite, 20 parts of cement, 24 parts of fine sand stone, 18 parts of fly ash, 6 parts of a water reducing agent, 5 parts of building glue, 2 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of polypropylene fiber, 2 parts of citric acid and 14 parts of water;
the preparation and the application of the wave-absorbing buffer layer comprise the following steps:
(1) weighing the materials according to the design ratio;
(2) firstly, mixing and stirring cement, fly ash, a water reducing agent and water uniformly to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) putting graphite and calcium carbonate into a ball mill for ball milling for 4 hours to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into the mixed slurry obtained in the step (2), and continuously stirring for 10min to obtain mixed slurry;
(5) adding the polypropylene fiber into the slurry continuously, and stirring for 20min continuously;
(6) adding the ground citric acid, and stirring for 10min to obtain mixed slurry;
(7) directly spraying and filling the slurry treated by the steps on a required part, naturally drying, and curing and forming;
(8) or directly spraying the melt processed in the steps onto the processed smooth surface to prepare the wave-absorbing buffer laminate with different thicknesses.
Example 2
Wave absorbing buffer test of the wave absorbing buffer layer:
the required equipment: pressure sensor (measure the peak pressure of shielding structure different positions when the shock stress wave acts on), supporter (support fixed test sample), the explosive of appointed performance (select spherical TNT), the unsettled support of explosive and other relevant equipment, in addition, the test site ground needs to carry out hardening treatment or the steel sheet of bedding.
An experimental sample, namely a wave-absorbing buffer laminate A; preparing a concrete slab B by using the components of the sand, the cement, the building glue, the water reducing agent and the water according to the proportion provided by the invention; commercially available foamed aluminum panels C.
Wave-absorbing buffer test: the thickness of the three plates of the test sample A, B and the test sample C is 10cm, the size is 30cm multiplied by 30cm, the explosive 400gB, the test distance is 1 meter, the test sample plate is fixed on the supporting body and is tightly attached to the test sample plate, the back of the explosive direction is fixed with a backup plate through the supporting body, the front of the test sample plate and the back of the test sample plate and the backup plate are respectively provided with a No. 1 pressure sensor and a No. 2 pressure sensor, and the test is repeated for 4 times.
The experimental results are as follows:
the pressure peak value of the wave-absorbing buffer laminate A at the No. 1 position is 0.46 +/-0.02 MPa, and the pressure peak value of the No. 2 position is 0.17 +/-0.02 MPa;
the pressure peak value of the No. 1 position of the common concrete slab B is 0.47 +/-0.01 MPa, and the No. 2 position of the common concrete slab B is 0.36 +/-0.05 MPa;
the pressure peak value of the No. 1 position of the foamed aluminum plate C is 0.46 +/-0.02 MPa, and the pressure peak value of the No. 2 position of the foamed aluminum plate C is 0.23 +/-0.03 MPa.
The test shows that the wave-absorbing buffering laminate prepared by the invention has a wave-absorbing buffering effect obviously superior to that of a common concrete slab and a wave-absorbing buffering effect superior to that of foamed aluminum under the same condition. The reason for good wave-absorbing and buffering effects of the wave-absorbing buffering laminate can be derived from the comprehensive effect of a large number of closed pores in the wave-absorbing buffering laminate and tough fibers around the pores.
Example 3
The anti-seepage shielding layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of olefin resin, 26 parts of styrene resin, 3 parts of glass fiber, 49 parts of fly ash and 4 parts of AB epoxy glue
The preparation method of the anti-seepage shielding layer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the materials according to the design ratio;
(2) mixing olefin resin and styrene resin, heating to 170 deg.C, and melting to form melt;
(3) adding glass fiber and fly ash into the melt, and continuously stirring for 25 min;
(4) continuously adding the epoxy adhesive A, and stirring for 12min to be uniform;
(5) adding the epoxy adhesive B and continuously stirring for 5min to obtain a mixed melt;
(6) the mixed melt in the step (5) needs to be used up within two hours.
The wave-absorbing buffer layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of graphite, 16 parts of cement, 26 parts of fine sand stone, 16 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of a water reducing agent, 4 parts of building glue, 4 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of polyacrylonitrile fiber, 2 parts of citric acid and 12 parts of water;
the preparation and the application of the wave-absorbing buffer layer comprise the following steps:
(1) weighing the materials according to the design ratio;
(2) firstly, mixing and stirring cement, fly ash, a water reducing agent and water uniformly to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) putting graphite and calcium carbonate into a ball mill for ball milling for 6 hours to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into the mixed slurry obtained in the step (2), and continuously stirring for 15min to obtain mixed slurry;
(5) adding polyacrylonitrile fiber into the slurry, and stirring for 25 min;
(6) adding the ground citric acid, and stirring for 15min to obtain mixed slurry;
(7) directly spraying and filling the mixed slurry treated by the steps on a required part, naturally drying, and curing and forming;
referring to fig. 1, the construction process of the mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure is as follows: the mixed melt for preparing the anti-seepage shielding layer and the mixed slurry for preparing the wave-absorbing buffer layer can be obtained through the processes, the mixed melt is directly sprayed on the exposed surrounding rock, the spraying frequency and the thickness are controlled according to the requirement, and the anti-seepage shielding layer is formed after natural solidification. And continuously spraying the mixed slurry on the basis of the anti-seepage shielding layer, controlling the spraying times and the thickness of the wave-absorbing buffer layer according to the requirement, and forming a plurality of functional layers by the anti-seepage shielding layer and the wave-absorbing buffer layer.
And the anti-seepage shielding layer and the wave-absorbing buffer layer can be prepared by alternately spraying for multiple times according to requirements to prepare a multi-functional layer of the multilayer sandwich laminated protective structure.
When the wave-absorbing buffer layer is sprayed, the main ribs of the space grid structure can be woven according to the actual required thickness, the main rib structures are attached to the anti-seepage shielding layer and fixed at the positions where the wave-absorbing buffer layer is to be arranged, the wave-absorbing buffer layer slurry is sprayed to the main rib structures, the spraying slurry and the anti-seepage shielding layer are bonded together, the spraying thickness is 4-5cm, after natural drying and solidification, the spraying can be continued until the main rib structures are fully covered and embedded, and the wave-absorbing buffer layer containing the main ribs can be prepared. Can meet more different protection requirements.
Example 4
The anti-seepage shielding layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts of olefin resin, 25 parts of styrene resin, 3 parts of glass fiber, 48 parts of fly ash and 5 parts of AB epoxy glue;
the preparation method of the anti-seepage shielding layer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the materials according to the design ratio;
(2) mixing olefin resin and styrene resin, heating to 170 deg.C, and melting to form melt;
(3) adding glass fiber and fly ash into the melt, and continuously stirring for 22 min;
(4) continuously adding the epoxy adhesive A, and stirring for 11min to be uniform;
(5) adding the epoxy adhesive B and continuously stirring for 5min to obtain a mixed melt;
(6) directly spraying and filling the melt processed by the steps on a required part, naturally cooling, and solidifying and forming into an anti-seepage shielding layer;
(7) the mixed melt in step (6) needs to be used up within two hours.
The wave-absorbing buffer layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of graphite, 16 parts of cement, 27 parts of fine sand stone, 17 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of a water reducing agent, 4 parts of building glue, 3 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of polyester fiber, 3 parts of citric acid and 13 parts of water;
the preparation and the application of the wave-absorbing buffer layer comprise the following steps:
(1) weighing the materials according to the design ratio;
(2) firstly, mixing and stirring cement, fly ash, a water reducing agent and water uniformly to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) putting graphite and calcium carbonate into a ball mill for ball milling for 5 hours to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into the mixed slurry obtained in the step (2), and continuously stirring for 10-15min to obtain mixed slurry;
(5) continuously adding polyester fibers into the slurry, and continuously stirring for 22 min;
(6) adding the ground citric acid, and stirring for 13min to obtain mixed slurry;
(7) directly spraying and filling the mixed slurry treated by the steps on a required part, naturally drying, and curing and forming to obtain a wave-absorbing buffer layer;
the construction process of the mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure comprises the following steps: the same as in example 3.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact shock shielding structure is characterized in that the multifunctional layer shielding structure is arranged between exposed surrounding rocks and the roadway through spray filling, and the multifunctional layer shielding structure consists of an anti-seepage shielding layer and a wave-absorbing buffer layer;
the seepage-proofing shielding layer has the functions of blocking the seepage of underground water and solidifying exposed surrounding rocks;
the wave absorbing buffer layer has the functions of absorbing and buffering seismic waves and impact stress waves.
2. The multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seepage-proofing shielding layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18-20 parts of olefin resin, 24-26 parts of styrene resin, 3-4 parts of glass fiber, 46-49 parts of fly ash and 4-6 parts of AB epoxy glue.
3. The multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wave-absorbing buffer layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of graphite, 16-20 parts of cement, 24-27 parts of fine sand stone, 16-18 parts of fly ash, 6-10 parts of water reducing agent, 4-5 parts of building glue, 2-4 parts of calcium carbonate, 2-3 parts of polymer fiber, 2-4 parts of citric acid and 12-14 parts of water.
4. The preparation method of the multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure is used for the multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized in that the preparation of the anti-seepage shielding layer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the materials according to the design ratio;
(2) mixing olefin resin and styrene resin, heating and melting to form a melt;
(3) adding glass fiber and fly ash into the melt, and continuously stirring for 20-25 min;
(4) continuously adding the epoxy adhesive A, and stirring for 10-12min to be uniform;
(5) adding the epoxy adhesive B and continuously stirring for 5min to obtain a mixed melt;
(6) directly spraying and filling the melt processed by the steps on a required part, naturally cooling,
curing to form an anti-seepage shielding layer;
(7) the mixed melt in the step (6) needs to be used up within two hours.
5. A preparation method of a multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure is used for the multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized in that the preparation of the wave-absorbing buffer layer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the materials according to the design ratio;
(2) firstly, mixing and stirring cement, fly ash, a water reducing agent and water uniformly to obtain mixed slurry;
(3) putting graphite and calcium carbonate into a ball mill for ball milling for 4-6h to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into the mixed slurry obtained in the step (2), and continuously stirring for 10-15min to obtain mixed slurry;
(5) adding the polymeric fiber into the slurry, and continuously stirring for 20-25 min;
(6) adding the ground citric acid, and stirring for 10-15min to obtain mixed slurry;
(7) and directly spraying and filling the mixed slurry treated by the steps on a required part, naturally drying, and curing to form the wave-absorbing buffer layer.
6. The multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact shock shielding structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multifunctional layer is formed by spraying an impermeable shielding layer and a wave-absorbing buffer layer at intervals according to actual use requirements.
7. The multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein the polymeric fiber comprises one or more of polypropylene fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and polyester fiber.
8. The multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact shock shielding structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wave absorbing buffer layer can be added with space lattice structure main ribs woven by thin bamboo, bamboo strips, steel bars and other materials.
9. The multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact shock shielding structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein the wave absorbing buffer layer has an absorbing effect on shock and noise generated in the roadway, is suitable for shielding and protecting exposed surrounding rock impact shock in the roadway, and guarantees the excavation construction and use safety of underground engineering.
10. The multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein the main reinforcement adding method comprises the following steps:
(1) weaving main ribs of the space grid structure according to the actual required thickness;
(2) the main rib structure is attached to the anti-seepage shielding layer and fixed at a position where the wave-absorbing buffer layer is to be arranged;
(3) spraying wave-absorbing buffer layer slurry to the main rib structure, and bonding the spraying slurry and the anti-seepage shielding layer together;
(4) spraying with a thickness of 4-5cm, naturally drying and curing, and continuously spraying until the main ribs are completely covered and embedded.
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| CN202010279726.9A CN111577343A (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure and method |
| LU502696A LU502696B1 (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-23 | Roadway or tunnel surrounding rock shielding protection structure and method |
| PCT/CN2020/086433 WO2021203492A1 (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-23 | Roadway or tunnel surrounding rock shielding protection structure and method |
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| CN202010279726.9A CN111577343A (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Multifunctional mining surrounding rock impact vibration shielding structure and method |
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| DE2949475A1 (en) * | 1979-12-08 | 1981-06-11 | Günter 5608 Radevormwald Helmdach | Structural wall moisture seal - using hydrogel layer supporting fibre mat parting layer |
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