CN111576330B - Sand-adjusting dredging method for river treatment - Google Patents
Sand-adjusting dredging method for river treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111576330B CN111576330B CN202010420581.XA CN202010420581A CN111576330B CN 111576330 B CN111576330 B CN 111576330B CN 202010420581 A CN202010420581 A CN 202010420581A CN 111576330 B CN111576330 B CN 111576330B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
- E02B3/023—Removing sediments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G33/00—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors
- B65G33/24—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
- B65G2201/04—Bulk
- B65G2201/045—Sand, soil and mineral ore
Abstract
The invention relates to a sand-adjusting dredging method for river treatment. The technical scheme is as follows: a river culvert is transversely dug in the river channel at the inner side of the river channel dam, a river culvert inlet is arranged at one side of the upstream of the river culvert, a sand adjusting area and a river sand blocking area are arranged, and a river culvert outlet is arranged at one side of the downstream of the river culvert; and a crescent sand blocking device is arranged on one side of the sand adjusting area and one side of the river sand blocking area, sand conveying twist cages are respectively arranged on two sides of the river channel, a pressure sensor is arranged in a groove at the bottom of the sand adjusting area at the bottoms of the two sand conveying twist cages, and a fine sand settler is arranged at a river culvert. The beneficial effects are that: according to the invention, the ecological problems of the river are considered, such as no influence on the migration of the fish, and meanwhile, the filtering clearance of the river sand blocking area is larger, so that the ecological system of the river cannot be damaged; moreover, the fine sand can be collected and applied, the economic benefit is greatly improved, the river management is greatly facilitated, and meanwhile, the service life of the river is prolonged to a great extent due to timely sand control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sand-adjusting dredging system for hydraulic engineering, in particular to a sand-adjusting dredging method for river control.
Background
The river is a dependence of life of people, the river often causes great harm to people while benefiting people, the biggest cause of the harm is sand brought upstream, and if the problem of the sand can be solved, the problem of the harm of the river can be fundamentally solved. The water and sand regulation is that engineering facilities and some dispatching means are utilized to wash the silt of the river channel and the silt of the river bed in time through the impact of water flow, so as to reduce the siltation of the river bed, the concrete operation is to utilize the density flow to form continuous discharge power to wash the silt of the river bottom, and the silted silt is disturbed by turbulent incoming water, and at the moment, the high-speed jet flow of the sand washing boat is utilized in an auxiliary manner to synchronously disturb the silt adding; finally, the river water and the silt are discharged simultaneously, but the problems exist: although the silt problem of partial river reach can be solved, the river reach is sent into a downstream river channel, sand is not called out, so that the problem still exists in the downstream river channel, particularly yellow river, the sand content is higher, even the problem of upstream river reaches appears, the higher requirement is brought to flood control, and by flushing the silt, the river reach needs to be conditioned, and not every river reach can be realized, for example, a dam is arranged at the upstream or a plurality of rivers are arranged.
In addition, the method is realized by only adopting artificial sand disturbance, namely the existing potential energy of river water is assisted by artificial disturbance of the soil of a river bed to promote the start of the sediment of the river bed and realize the cutting and sand conveying of the river bed into the sea. The problems still exist, silt can not be regularly taken out of the river channel for dredging, and the problem of the silt of the river can not be fundamentally solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a sand-adjusting dredging method for river control.
The invention provides a sand-adjusting dredging method for river treatment, which has the technical scheme that: the method comprises a construction method and a sand-adjusting dredging method, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps:
firstly, civil engineering construction: in the upstream, the river can be cut off by a river sluice or a temporary river, a transverse groove is dug downwards on the river channel and reinforced by concrete, and then a culvert upper beam with a concrete structure is prefabricated above the groove to form a river culvert (V), so that river water in the river channel flows into a culvert mouth (IV) through the river and flows out through a river culvert mouth (VI) through the river culvert (V);
secondly, installing a pressure sensor (1) at the bottom of a river culvert entrance (IV) of a river culvert (V) to form a sand adjusting area (II), fixing a crescent sand blocking device (2) at the rear side of the pressure sensor (1) to form a river sand blocking area (III), installing and fixing sand conveying winches (6) at two sides of a river channel dam (I), arranging the bottom of each sand conveying winches (6) at the sand adjusting area (II), and installing the top of each sand conveying winches on the river channel dam (I);
thirdly, a fine sand settler (4) is arranged at a river culvert outlet (VI) of the river culvert (V), sand conveying winches (6) for outputting fine sand are arranged at two sides of the fine sand settler (4), the bottom of the sand conveying winches (6) for outputting fine sand is fixed at the river culvert outlet (VI) below the fine sand settler (4), and the top of the sand conveying winches is fixed on a river dam (I);
fourthly, a river sand burying display (7) is arranged at the river culvert outlet (VI), the river sand burying display (7) comprises a longitudinal precise sand filtering pipe (7.1), a transverse precise sand filtering pipe (7.2), a naked hole sieve pipe (7.3), a display connecting pipe (7.4), a display pipe (7.5), a floating marker (7.6) and scales (7.7), the longitudinal precise sand filtering pipe (7.1) and the transverse precise sand filtering pipe (7.2) are assembled together to form a cross shape, and is arranged at the bottom of a river duct (V), a naked hole sieve tube (7.3) is arranged in the inner cavity of the transverse precise sand filtering tube (7.2), the upper part of the center of the bare hole sieve tube (7.3) is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe of a display pipe (7.5) through a display connecting pipe (7.4), the upper part of the display pipe (7.5) is of a U-shaped pipe structure, floating markers (7.6) are respectively arranged in the inner cavities at the two ends of the U-shaped pipe, and scales (7.7) are arranged on the pipe walls at the two ends of the U-shaped pipe;
fifthly, after the construction is finished, opening the upstream river sluice or closing the temporary river, opening the river, and enabling the river to flow through a river duct (V) to adjust the sand;
sixthly, the sand adjusting and dredging method comprises the following processes:
firstly, carrying out first-stage sand mixing: when river water flows into a culvert mouth (IV) through a river, the river water firstly passes through a slotted plate (2.1) of the crescent sand stopper (2), coarse sand is filtered through a first stage after flowing through the slotted plate, fine sand and water flow out of the crescent sand stopper (2) after passing through an arc-shaped bare orifice plate (2.2), and because a bracket (2.3) is arranged behind the bare orifice plate (2.2), and the bare orifice plate (2.2) adopts an arc-shaped structure, the river water impact can be borne; coarse sand flows to a sand adjusting area (II) along the inclined slotted plate (2.1), and along with continuous filtering, the pressure sensor (1) is triggered after reaching a certain thickness, the pressure sensor (1) sends a signal, sand conveying winch cages (6) on two sides are further started, and the sand conveying winch cages (6) drive the coarse sand to be output out of the river channel dam (I);
secondly, carrying out secondary sand settling treatment: when the river water passing through the crescent sand blocking device (2) passes through a river culvert outlet (VI), the river water collides with the upper fine sand sedimentation middle plate (4.2) through the first-stage water through holes of the fine sand sedimentation lower plate (4.3) of the fine sand sedimentation device (4), fine sand contained in the river water can be settled, the river water further passes through the second-stage water through holes of the fine sand sedimentation middle plate (4.2) and collides with the upper fine sand sedimentation upper plate (4.1) of the upper side, fine sand contained in the river water can also settle, and then the river water flows out through the third-stage water through holes of the fine sand sedimentation upper plate (4.1), and then flows out from the river culvert outlet (VI) to restore normal flow;
after the sediment of second grade is handled, the fine sand can subside in the below that river goes out culvert mouth (VI), it buries display (7) to be provided with river sand here, when river sand buries the fine sand of display (7) lower part and buries demonstration connecting pipe department, rivers no longer flow in, in the display tube, two marker (7.6) that float of the both ends inner chamber of U-shaped pipe are in the same height, at this moment, start defeated husky hank cage (6) of both sides, defeated husky hank cage (6) drive the fine sand and export outside river course dam (I), thereby realize that the second grade in river course transfers husky desilting.
Preferably, above-mentioned crescent sand blocking device (2) is including cutting the seam board (2.1), naked orifice plate (2.2), support (2.3), naked orifice plate (2.2) are the arc structure, and above-mentioned naked orifice (2.4) that are covered with 10-20 mm are equipped with cutting the seam board (2.1) of rectangle structure in the outside of naked orifice plate (2.2), are covered with 0.5-0.6 mm cutting the seam (2.5) on cutting the seam board (2.1) the rear side of naked orifice plate (2.2) is equipped with support (2.3) that are used for supporting cutting the seam board (2.1) and naked orifice plate (2.2).
Preferably, the sand conveying winch (6) comprises a winch shell (6.1), a winch main shaft (6.2), a conveying rotary vane (6.3), a sand outlet (6.4), a sand collecting vane (6.5), a bearing (6.6), a motor (6.7), a sand settling inlet (6.8) and a fixing frame (6.9), the lower end of the stranding cage shell (6.1) is provided with a sand sinking inlet (6.8), the upper end is provided with a sand outlet (6.4), a stranding cage main shaft (6.2) is arranged in the inner cavity of the stranding cage shell (6.1), a spiral conveying rotary vane (6.3) is arranged on the stranding cage main shaft (6.2), the upper end of the stranding cage main shaft (6.2) is connected with a motor (6.7) through a bearing (6.6), a sand collecting vane (6.5) is arranged on the lower side of the sand settling inlet (6.8), the coarse sand filtered by the crescent sand blocking device (2) enters a sand deposition inlet (6.8) along a sand collecting blade (6.5), the coarse sand is driven to be output from a sand outlet (6.4) through a spiral conveying rotary vane (6.3).
Preferably, the fine sand settler (4) comprises a fine sand settling upper plate (4.1), a fine sand settling middle plate (4.2) and a fine sand settling lower plate (4.3), wherein the fine sand settling lower plate (4.3), the fine sand settling middle plate (4.2) and the fine sand settling upper plate (4.1) are sequentially arranged at a river culvert outlet (VI) from bottom to top, a plurality of groups of first-level water through holes (4.5) are distributed on the fine sand settling lower plate (4.3), a plurality of groups of second-level water through holes (4.6) are distributed on the fine sand settling middle plate (4.2), a plurality of groups of third-level water through holes (4.7) are distributed on the fine sand settling upper plate (4.1), the first-level water through holes (4.5) and the second-level water through holes (4.6) are staggered, the second-level water through holes (4.6) and the third-level water through holes (4.7) are conical holes.
Preferably, sand conveying winches (6) are respectively arranged on two sides of the fine sand settler (4), and a river flow sand burying display (7) can be arranged in a river duct (V) which is right opposite to the lower part of the fine sand settler (4).
Preferably, the river sand burying display (7) comprises a longitudinal precise sand filtering pipe (7.1), a transverse precise sand filtering pipe (7.2), a naked hole sieve pipe (7.3), a display connecting pipe (7.4), a display pipe (7.5), a floating marker (7.6), scales (7.7) and a blind plate (7.8), the longitudinal precise sand filtering pipe (7.1) and the transverse precise sand filtering pipe (7.2) are assembled to form a cross structure, and is arranged at the bottom of a river duct (V), the inner cavity of the transverse precise sand filtering pipe (7.2) is provided with a naked hole sieve pipe (7.3), two end parts are respectively provided with a blind plate (7.8), the upper part of the center of the bare hole sieve tube (7.3) is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe of a display pipe (7.5) through a display connecting pipe (7.4), the upper part of the display pipe (7.5) is a U-shaped pipe, floating markers (7.6) are respectively arranged in the inner cavities at the two ends of the U-shaped pipe, and scales (7.7) are arranged on the pipe walls at the two ends of the U-shaped pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, a pressure sensor is arranged at the bottom of a river culvert entrance of a river culvert to form a sand adjusting area, a crescent sand blocking device is fixed on the rear side of the pressure sensor to form the river sand blocking area, sand conveying twist cages are fixed on two sides of a river channel dam, coarse sand is conveyed to the outside of the river channel dam through the sand conveying twist cages to form a first-stage sand adjusting and dredging;
secondly, a fine sand settler is arranged at a river culvert outlet of the river culvert, sand conveying hank cages for outputting fine sand are arranged on two sides of the fine sand settler, the bottom of the sand conveying hank cage for outputting fine sand is fixed at the river discharge culvert outlet below the fine sand settler, the fine sand is conveyed out of the river dam through the sand conveying hank cages to form second-stage sand regulation and desilting, and the fine sand can be recovered for oil field exploitation;
thirdly, in order to realize timely cleaning of fine sand, a river flow sand burying display is arranged at a river culvert, and the fine sand can be discharged out of the river channel dam in time by using the sand burying display;
in addition, the invention also fully considers the ecological problems of the river, such as no influence on the migration of the fish, and meanwhile, the filtering clearance of the river sand blocking area is larger, and the damage to the ecological system of the river can be avoided; furthermore, the river sand is naturally graded, so that the full utilization of natural resources is facilitated, the fine sand can be used for gravel packing in petroleum production, the economic benefit is greatly improved, and great benefit is brought to the utilization of rivers; the river management is greatly facilitated, and meanwhile, the service cycle of the river is prolonged to a great extent due to timely sand control.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention from the top;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the C-C structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a river sand display;
FIG. 6 is a schematic D-D cross-sectional view of a river sand-buried display;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a water-swelling sensor;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a crescent sand stopper;
FIG. 9 is a side view of the crescent sand stopper;
in the upper diagram: a river channel dam I, a sand adjusting area II, a river sand blocking area III, a river culvert inlet IV, a river culvert V, a river culvert outlet VI and a river channel VII,
a pressure sensor 1, a crescent sand blocking device 2, a water expansion sensor 3, a fine sand settling device 4, a signal wire 5, a sand conveying winch cage 6 and a river sand burying display 7,
a slotted plate 2.1, a bare hole plate 2.2, a bracket 2.3, a bare hole 2.4 and a slotted 2.5,
3.1 of bottom supporting plate, 3.2 of pressure sensor, 3.3 of spring baffle, 3.4 of balance spring, 3.5 of fixing screw, 3.6 of hydraulic exchange shield, 3.7 of water expansion sensing wire, 3.8 of water swelling rubber, 3.9 of lifting plate and 3.10 of water permeable hole,
a fine sand settling upper plate 4.1, a fine sand settling middle plate 4.2 and a fine sand settling lower plate 4.3,
a stranding cage shell 6.1, a stranding cage main shaft 6.2, a conveying rotary vane 6.3, a sand outlet 6.4, a sand collecting blade 6.5, a bearing 6.6, a motor 6.7, a sand settling inlet 6.8 and a fixing frame 6.9;
the vertical precise sand filtering pipe 7.1, the horizontal precise sand filtering pipe 7.2, the naked hole sieve tube 7.3, the display connecting pipe 7.4, the display pipe 7.5, the floating marker 7.6, the scale 7.7 and the blind plate 7.8.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
In embodiments 1 to 3, the sand-adjusting and dredging device for river regulation according to the present invention is characterized in that a river duct V is transversely dug out from a river VII inside a river dam I, a river culvert IV is provided on an upstream side of the river duct V, a sand-adjusting region II and a river sand-blocking region III are provided, and a river culvert VI is provided on a downstream side of the river duct V; a crescent sand blocking device 2 is arranged on one side of the sand adjusting area II and the river sand blocking area III, sand conveying twist cages 6 are respectively arranged on two sides of a river channel, a pressure sensor 1 is arranged at the bottom of the sand adjusting area II at the bottoms of the two sand conveying twist cages 6, and a fine sand settler 4 is arranged at a river culvert outlet VI; river flow downwards flows into a river culvert V through a river inflow culvert mouth IV, coarse sand is filtered to a river sand blocking area III through the filtering of a crescent sand blocking device 2, the coarse sand falls into a sand adjusting area II along with the sedimentation of the sand, when the sand is accumulated to a certain amount, a pressure sensor 1 is triggered, and a sand conveying stranding cage 6 is started to convey the sand out; and the river water passing through the crescent sand blocking device 2 continues to pass through the river duct V again, then upwards flows out of the river outflow culvert opening VI through the fine sand settler 4, is filtered for the second time, and when the fine sand reaches a certain thickness, the sand conveying stranding cages 6 on the two sides are started to convey the fine sand to the outer side of the river channel dam I.
Referring to the attached drawings 8-9, the crescent sand stopper 2 comprises a slotted plate 2.1, a bare hole plate 2.2 and a support 2.3, wherein the bare hole plate 2.2 is of an arc-shaped structure, 10-20 mm bare holes 2.4 are fully distributed on the bare hole plate, the slotted plate 2.1 with a rectangular structure is arranged on the outer side of the bare hole plate 2.2, 0.5-0.6 mm slotted holes 2.5 are fully distributed on the slotted plate 2.1, and the support 2.3 for supporting the slotted plate 2.1 and the bare hole plate 2.2 is arranged on the rear side of the bare hole plate 2.2.
The slit plate has a filtering function, namely the grain size is larger than 0.5mm and 500 mu m so as to filter and store the sand in the sand adjusting area, when the sand in the sand adjusting area reaches a certain amount, the sand has weight and can act on the pressure sensor, the sand conveying auger can be started, and the sand is output to the ground, so that the purpose of adjusting the sand is achieved.
The naked pore plate plays a supporting role for the slotted plate 2.1, a plurality of gaps are required to be cut on the slotted plate 2.1 because the slotted plate 2.1 plays a role of filtering, the strength of the slotted plate 2.1 is greatly influenced due to the existence of the slots, the supporting is required to be added in order to prevent the slotted plate 2.1 from deforming in use, and the supporting plate is arc-shaped, so that the gap between the two plates is increased, and the excessive water quantity is increased.
Referring to the attached drawings 3-4, the sand conveying winch 6 comprises a winch shell 6.1, a winch main shaft 6.2, a conveying rotary vane 6.3, a sand outlet 6.4, a sand collecting vane 6.5, a bearing 6.6, a motor 6.7, a sand settling inlet 6.8 and a fixing frame 6.9, wherein the lower end of the winch shell 6.1 is provided with the sand settling inlet 6.8, the upper end of the winch shell is provided with the sand outlet 6.4, the inner cavity of the winch shell 6.1 is provided with the winch main shaft 6.2, the winch main shaft 6.2 is provided with the spiral conveying rotary vane 6.3, the upper end of the winch main shaft 6.2 is connected with the motor 6.7 through the bearing 6.6, the lower side of the sand collecting vane 6.8 is provided with the sand collecting vane 6.5, coarse sand filtered by the crescent sand stopper 2 enters the sand settling inlet 6.8 along the sand collecting vane 6.5, and is driven to output the coarse sand from the sand outlet 6.4 through the spiral conveying rotary vane 6.3.
Referring to the attached drawing 4, the fine sand settler 4 comprises a fine sand settling upper plate 4.1, a fine sand settling middle plate 4.2 and a fine sand settling lower plate 4.3, the fine sand settling middle plate 4.2 and the fine sand settling upper plate 4.1 are fixed on a river culvert outlet VI sequentially from bottom to top through a fixing plate 4.4, a plurality of groups of first-level water through holes 4.5 are distributed on the fine sand settling lower plate 4.3, a plurality of groups of second-level water through holes 4.6 are distributed on the fine sand settling middle plate 4.2, a plurality of groups of third-level water through holes 4.7 are distributed on the fine sand settling upper plate 4.1, the first-level water through holes 4.5 are staggered with the second-level water through holes 4.6, the second-level water through holes 4.6 are staggered with the third-level water through holes 4.7, and the first-level water through holes.
The two sides of the fine sand settler 4 are respectively provided with a sand conveying winch 6, and a river flow sand burying display 7 can be arranged in a river duct V which is right opposite to the lower part of the fine sand settler 4.
Referring to the attached drawings 5-6, the river sand burying display 7 comprises a longitudinal precise sand filtering pipe 7.1, a transverse precise sand filtering pipe 7.2, a naked hole sieve pipe 7.3, a display connecting pipe 7.4, a display pipe 7.5, a floating marker 7.6, scales 7.7 and blind plates 7.8, wherein the longitudinal precise sand filtering pipe 7.1 and the transverse precise sand filtering pipe 7.2 are assembled to form a cross structure and are installed at the bottom of a river duct V, the inner cavity of the transverse precise sand filtering pipe 7.2 is provided with the naked hole sieve pipe 7.3, two end parts are respectively provided with the blind plates 7.8, the upper part of the center of the naked hole sieve pipe 7.3 is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe of the display pipe 7.5 through the display connecting pipe 7.4, the upper part of the display pipe 7.5 is a U-shaped pipe, the floating markers 7.6 are respectively installed in the inner cavities of two ends of the U-shaped pipe, and the scales 7.7 are arranged on the two pipe walls of the U-shaped pipe.
The invention provides a construction method of a sand-adjusting and dredging device for river treatment, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, civil engineering construction: intercepting the river upstream by a river sluice or starting a temporary river, digging a transverse groove downwards on the river channel, reinforcing by concrete, arranging grooves at the lower sides of a river culvert inlet IV and a river culvert outlet VI, prefabricating a culvert upper beam with a concrete structure above the groove to form a river culvert V, and enabling river water in the river channel to flow into the culvert inlet IV through the river and flow out through the river culvert V and the river culvert outlet VI;
secondly, installing a pressure sensor 1 in a groove at the bottom of a river culvert entrance IV of a river culvert V to form a sand adjusting area II, fixing a crescent sand stopper 2 at the rear side of the pressure sensor 1 to form a river sand stopping area III, installing and fixing sand conveying stranding cages 6 at two sides of a river channel dam I, arranging the bottoms of the sand conveying stranding cages 6 at the sand adjusting area II, and installing the tops of the sand conveying stranding cages 6 on the river channel dam I;
thirdly, installing a fine sand settler 4 at a river discharge culvert opening VI of the river culvert V, installing sand conveying stranding cages 6 for outputting fine sand at two sides of the fine sand settler 4, fixing the bottom of the sand conveying stranding cage 6 for outputting fine sand at the river discharge culvert opening VI below the fine sand settler 4, and fixing the top of the sand conveying stranding cage 6 on a river channel dam I;
fourthly, a river flow sand burying display 7 is installed in a groove at a river culvert outlet VI, the river flow sand burying display 7 comprises a longitudinal precise sand filtering pipe 7.1, a transverse precise sand filtering pipe 7.2, a naked hole sieve pipe 7.3, a display connecting pipe 7.4, a display pipe 7.5, a floating marker 7.6 and scales 7.7, the longitudinal precise sand filtering pipe 7.1 and the transverse precise sand filtering pipe 7.2 are assembled together to form a cross shape and are installed at the bottom of a river culvert V, the naked hole sieve pipe 7.3 is arranged in an inner cavity of the transverse precise sand filtering pipe 7.2, the upper part of the center of the naked hole sieve pipe 7.3 is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe of the display pipe 7.5 through the display connecting pipe 7.4, the upper part of the display pipe 7.5 is of a U-shaped pipe structure, the floating markers 7.6 are respectively installed in inner cavities of two ends of the U-shaped pipe, and the scales 7.7 are arranged on the pipe walls of the two ends of the U-shaped pipe;
and fifthly, after the construction is finished, opening the upstream river sluice or closing the temporary river, opening the river, and enabling the river to flow through the river duct V to adjust the sand.
The invention provides a using method of a sand-adjusting and dredging device for river treatment, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out first-stage sand mixing: when river water flows into a culvert mouth IV through a river, the river water firstly passes through a slotted plate 2.1 of the crescent sand stopper 2, coarse sand after flowing through the slotted is filtered by a first stage, fine sand and water flow out of the crescent sand stopper 2 after passing through an arc-shaped bare hole plate 2.2, and because a bracket 2.3 is arranged behind the bare hole plate 2.2, and the bare hole plate 2.2 adopts an arc-shaped structure, the river water can bear the impact of the river water; the coarse sand flows to a sand adjusting area II along the inclined slotted plate 2.1, and along with continuous filtering, the pressure sensor 1 is triggered after reaching a certain thickness, the pressure sensor 1 sends out a signal, sand conveying winches 6 on two sides are further started, and the sand conveying winches 6 drive the coarse sand to be output out of the river channel dam I;
secondly, carrying out secondary sand settling treatment: when the river water passing through the crescent sand retainer 2 passes through a river culvert outlet VI, the fine sand in the river water settles through the first-level water passing hole of the lower plate 4.3 and collides with the fine sand settling middle plate 4.2 on the upper side, the fine sand contained in the river water settles, the river water passes through the second-level water passing hole of the fine sand settling middle plate 4.2 and collides with the fine sand settling upper plate 4.1 on the upper side, the fine sand contained in the river water also settles and then flows out through the third-level water passing hole of the fine sand settling upper plate 4.1, and then flows out from the river culvert outlet VI to restore normal flow;
thirdly, after secondary sand sedimentation treatment, fine sand can settle below a river culvert outlet VI, a river flow sand burying display 7 is installed at the position, water flow is communicated to two ends of the U-shaped pipe, the heights of the two floating markers 7.6 are different, when the fine sand at the lower part of the river flow sand burying display 7 is buried in a display connecting pipe, the water flow does not flow into the display pipe any more, the two floating markers 7.6 in the inner cavities of the two ends of the U-shaped pipe are at the same height, at the moment, signals are sent, sand conveying stranding cages 6 on two sides are started, the sand conveying stranding cages 6 drive the fine sand to be output out of the river channel dam I, and therefore secondary sand regulation and desilting of a river channel are achieved.
It should be noted that: since the water flow is connected to both ends of the U-shaped pipe, the height of the two floating markers 7.6 is now different because the flow of the river meets the right-hand rule of the northern hemisphere in geography teaching, i.e.: northern hemisphere right deviation: the palm of the right hand is upward, the remaining four fingers are opened by the thumb to flow to the river, and then the thumb is the direction of the river deflection, so that the phenomenon that the heights of the two floating markers 7.6 are different can occur; when the river is not flowing, the law of the right-hand rule is not satisfied.
Of course, an anticorrosive metal scale rod can be arranged below the river culvert outlet VI to replace a river sand burying display, the depth of the fine sand can be manually measured, and then the sand conveying winch cage is started according to the thickness of the fine sand to discharge the sand.
In addition, in the process, the sand can be classified, and the sand of different types has different purposes, such as the sand with the size larger than 0.5mm can be used as a building material, and the sand with the size between 0.5mm and 0.4mm can be used for gravel packing in petroleum production. Generally 1.5 ten thousand per ton, the screening cost is very high at ordinary times, and the fine sand can be used for gravel packing in petroleum production, so that the economic benefit is greatly improved.
The application of the invention is beneficial to the comprehensive treatment and development of rivers, for example, water retaining gates can be arranged at the two positions of the outlet of the river duct and the outlet of the river duct, the waterway transportation is realized by adjusting the water level, and for example, the ecological construction of a river beach can be realized by adjusting the water on a dam.
the two sides of the fine sand settler 4 are respectively provided with a sand conveying stranding cage 6, a river duct V which is right opposite to the lower part of the fine sand settler 4 is provided with a groove, the bottom of the groove is not filled with concrete and is directly communicated with a bottom riverbed, and the groove is internally provided with a water expansion sensor 3.
Referring to fig. 7, the water expansion sensor 3 according to the present invention includes a bottom support plate 3.1, a pressure sensor 3.2, a spring baffle 3.3, a balance spring 3.4, a fixing screw 3.5, a hydraulic exchange shield 3.6, a water expansion sensing wire 3.7, and a water-swellable rubber 3.8, wherein the bottom of the hydraulic exchange shield 3.6 is fixed on the bottom support plate 3.1 and is fully distributed with water permeable holes 3.10, the water-swellable rubber 3.8 and a lifting plate 3.9 are sequentially installed in an inner cavity of the hydraulic exchange shield 3.6 from top to bottom, the pressure sensor 3.2, a plurality of spring baffles 3.3 and a plurality of balance springs 3.4 are disposed below the lifting plate 3.9, the balance spring 3.4 is disposed between the plurality of spring baffles 3.3 and an inner wall of the hydraulic exchange shield 3.6, and the pressure sensor 3.2 is located at a bottom center portion of the inner wall of the hydraulic exchange shield 3.6.
The bottom of the hydraulic exchange shield 3.6 is fixedly arranged on the bottom supporting plate 3.1 through a fixing screw 3.5, and a water permeable hole 3.10 on the outer wall of the hydraulic exchange shield 3.6 is of a conical hole structure; the height of the spring baffle 3.3 is slightly less than the height of the pressure sensor 3.2.
The invention provides a using method of a sand-adjusting and dredging device for river treatment, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out first-stage sand mixing: when river water flows into a culvert mouth IV through a river, the river water firstly passes through a slotted plate 2.1 of the crescent sand stopper 2, coarse sand after flowing through the slotted is filtered by a first stage, fine sand and water flow out of the crescent sand stopper 2 after passing through an arc-shaped bare hole plate 2.2, and because a bracket 2.3 is arranged behind the bare hole plate 2.2, and the bare hole plate 2.2 adopts an arc-shaped structure, the river water can bear the impact of the river water; the coarse sand flows to a sand adjusting area II along the inclined slotted plate 2.1, and along with continuous filtering, the pressure sensor 1 is triggered after reaching a certain thickness, the pressure sensor 1 sends out a signal, sand conveying winches 6 on two sides are further started, and the sand conveying winches 6 drive the coarse sand to be output out of the river channel dam I;
secondly, carrying out secondary sand settling treatment: when the river water passing through the crescent sand retainer 2 passes through a river culvert outlet VI, the fine sand in the river water settles through the first-level water passing hole of the lower plate 4.3 and collides with the fine sand settling middle plate 4.2 on the upper side, the fine sand contained in the river water settles, the river water passes through the second-level water passing hole of the fine sand settling middle plate 4.2 and collides with the fine sand settling upper plate 4.1 on the upper side, the fine sand contained in the river water also settles and then flows out through the third-level water passing hole of the fine sand settling upper plate 4.1, and then flows out from the river culvert outlet VI to restore normal flow;
thirdly, after the secondary sand settling treatment, fine sand can settle below a river culvert outlet VI, a water expansion sensor 3 is arranged at the position, at the initial stage, the water-swellable rubber 3.8 swells due to water absorption, thereby pressing the rising and falling plate 3.9, and further the pressure sensor 3.2 is always triggered, and along with the continuous accumulation of the fine sand, the whole water expansion sensor 3 can be submerged by the fine sand, and the continuous increase of the thickness of the fine sand can obstruct the communication between the river water and the water-swellable rubber 3.8, and the water-swellable rubber 3.8 under the fine sand can start to shrink along with the suction effect of the underground on both sides, when the lifting plate 3.9 is contracted to a certain degree, the lifting plate is pushed upwards by the balance spring 3.4, thereby being disconnected from the pressure sensor 3.2, and then send the signal and start defeated husky hank cage 6 of both sides, defeated husky hank cage 6 drives fine sand and exports outside river course dam I to realize the second grade in river course and transfer husky desilting.
The above description is only a few of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may modify the above-described embodiments or modify them into equivalent ones. Therefore, any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made in accordance with the technical solution of the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A sand-adjusting desilting method for river treatment is characterized in that: the method comprises a construction method and a sand-adjusting dredging method, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps:
firstly, civil engineering construction: in the upstream, the river can be cut off by a river sluice or a temporary river, a transverse groove is dug downwards on the river channel and reinforced by concrete, and then a culvert upper beam with a concrete structure is prefabricated above the groove to form a river culvert (V), so that river water in the river channel flows into a culvert mouth (IV) through the river and flows out through a river culvert mouth (VI) through the river culvert (V);
secondly, installing a pressure sensor (1) at the bottom of a river culvert entrance (IV) of a river culvert (V) to form a sand adjusting area (II), fixing a crescent sand blocking device (2) at the rear side of the pressure sensor (1) to form a river sand blocking area (III), installing and fixing sand conveying winches (6) at two sides of a river channel dam (I), arranging the bottom of each sand conveying winches (6) at the sand adjusting area (II), and installing the top of each sand conveying winches on the river channel dam (I);
thirdly, a fine sand settler (4) is arranged at a river culvert outlet (VI) of the river culvert (V), sand conveying winches (6) for outputting fine sand are arranged at two sides of the fine sand settler (4), the bottom of the sand conveying winches (6) for outputting fine sand is fixed at the river culvert outlet (VI) below the fine sand settler (4), and the top of the sand conveying winches is fixed on a river dam (I);
fourthly, a river sand burying display (7) is arranged at the river culvert outlet (VI), the river sand burying display (7) comprises a longitudinal precise sand filtering pipe (7.1), a transverse precise sand filtering pipe (7.2), a naked hole sieve pipe (7.3), a display connecting pipe (7.4), a display pipe (7.5), a floating marker (7.6) and scales (7.7), the longitudinal precise sand filtering pipe (7.1) and the transverse precise sand filtering pipe (7.2) are assembled together to form a cross shape, and is arranged at the bottom of a river duct (V), a naked hole sieve tube (7.3) is arranged in the inner cavity of the transverse precise sand filtering tube (7.2), the upper part of the center of the bare hole sieve tube (7.3) is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe of a display pipe (7.5) through a display connecting pipe (7.4), the upper part of the display pipe (7.5) is of a U-shaped pipe structure, floating markers (7.6) are respectively arranged in the inner cavities at the two ends of the U-shaped pipe, and scales (7.7) are arranged on the pipe walls at the two ends of the U-shaped pipe;
fifthly, after the construction is finished, opening the upstream river sluice or closing the temporary river, opening the river, and enabling the river to flow through a river duct (V) to adjust the sand;
sixthly, the sand adjusting and dredging method comprises the following processes:
firstly, carrying out first-stage sand mixing: when river water flows into a culvert mouth (IV) through a river, the river water firstly passes through a slotted plate (2.1) of the crescent sand stopper (2), coarse sand is filtered through a first stage after flowing through the slotted plate, fine sand and water flow out of the crescent sand stopper (2) after passing through an arc-shaped bare orifice plate (2.2), and because a bracket (2.3) is arranged behind the bare orifice plate (2.2), and the bare orifice plate (2.2) adopts an arc-shaped structure, the river water impact can be borne; coarse sand flows to a sand adjusting area (II) along the inclined slotted plate (2.1), and along with continuous filtering, the pressure sensor (1) is triggered after reaching a certain thickness, the pressure sensor (1) sends a signal, sand conveying winch cages (6) on two sides are further started, and the sand conveying winch cages (6) drive the coarse sand to be output out of the river channel dam (I);
secondly, carrying out secondary sand settling treatment: when the river water passing through the crescent sand blocking device (2) passes through a river culvert outlet (VI), the river water collides with the upper fine sand sedimentation middle plate (4.2) through the first-stage water through holes of the fine sand sedimentation lower plate (4.3) of the fine sand sedimentation device (4), fine sand contained in the river water can be settled, the river water further passes through the second-stage water through holes of the fine sand sedimentation middle plate (4.2) and collides with the upper fine sand sedimentation upper plate (4.1) of the upper side, fine sand contained in the river water can also settle, and then the river water flows out through the third-stage water through holes of the fine sand sedimentation upper plate (4.1), and then flows out from the river culvert outlet (VI) to restore normal flow;
after secondary sand sedimentation treatment, fine sand can settle below a river culvert outlet (VI), a river flow sand burying display (7) is arranged at the position, when the fine sand at the lower part of the river flow sand burying display (7) is buried at a display connecting pipe, water flow does not flow in any more, two floating markers (7.6) of inner cavities at two ends of a U-shaped pipe are positioned at the same height in the display pipe, at the moment, sand conveying winches (6) at two sides are started, and the sand conveying winches (6) drive the fine sand to be output to the outside of a river channel dam (I), so that secondary sand regulation and desilting of a river channel are realized;
the crescent sand blocking device (2) comprises a slotted plate (2.1), a bare hole plate (2.2) and a support (2.3), wherein the bare hole plate (2.2) is of an arc-shaped structure, 10-20 mm bare holes (2.4) are fully distributed on the bare hole plate, the slotted plate (2.1) with a rectangular structure is arranged on the outer side of the bare hole plate (2.2), 0.5-0.6 mm slotted holes (2.5) are fully distributed on the slotted plate (2.1), and the support (2.3) for supporting the slotted plate (2.1) and the bare hole plate (2.2) is arranged on the rear side of the bare hole plate (2.2);
the sand conveying winch (6) comprises a winch shell (6.1), a winch main shaft (6.2), a conveying rotary vane (6.3), a sand outlet (6.4), a sand collecting blade (6.5), a bearing (6.6), a motor (6.7), a sand settling inlet (6.8) and a fixing frame (6.9), the lower end of the stranding cage shell (6.1) is provided with a sand sinking inlet (6.8), the upper end is provided with a sand outlet (6.4), a stranding cage main shaft (6.2) is arranged in the inner cavity of the stranding cage shell (6.1), a spiral conveying rotary vane (6.3) is arranged on the stranding cage main shaft (6.2), the upper end of the stranding cage main shaft (6.2) is connected with a motor (6.7) through a bearing (6.6), a sand collecting vane (6.5) is arranged on the lower side of the sand settling inlet (6.8), the coarse sand filtered by the crescent sand blocking device (2) enters a sand deposition inlet (6.8) along a sand collecting blade (6.5), the coarse sand is driven to be output from a sand outlet (6.4) through a spiral conveying rotary vane (6.3).
2. The sand-adjusting desilting method for river treatment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fine sand settler (4) comprises a fine sand settling upper plate (4.1), a fine sand settling middle plate (4.2) and a fine sand settling lower plate (4.3), wherein the fine sand settling lower plate (4.3), the fine sand settling middle plate (4.2) and the fine sand settling upper plate (4.1) are sequentially arranged at a river culvert outlet (VI) from bottom to top, a plurality of groups of first-level water through holes (4.5) are distributed on the fine sand settling lower plate (4.3), a plurality of groups of second-level water through holes (4.6) are distributed on the fine sand settling middle plate (4.2), a plurality of groups of third-level water through holes (4.7) are distributed on the fine sand settling upper plate (4.1), the first-level water through holes (4.5) and the second-level water through holes (4.6) are staggered, the second-level water through holes (4.6) and the third-level water through holes (4.7) are staggered, and the first-level water through holes (4.5), the second-level water through holes (4.6) and the third-level water through holes (4.7) are cone-shaped holes.
3. The sand-adjusting desilting method for river treatment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the two sides of the fine sand settler (4) are respectively provided with a sand conveying hank cage (6), and a river flow sand burying display (7) can be arranged on a river duct (V) which is right opposite to the lower part of the fine sand settler (4).
4. The sand-adjusting desilting method for river treatment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the two ends of the transverse precise sand filtering pipe (7.2) are respectively provided with a blind plate (7.8), the outer walls of the longitudinal precise sand filtering pipe (7.1) and the transverse precise sand filtering pipe (7.2) are respectively provided with a cutting seam, and the outer wall of the bare hole sieve pipe (7.3) is provided with a bare hole.
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| CN2816143Y (en) * | 2005-07-10 | 2006-09-13 | 赵荣维 | Sludge-sand removing apparatus for river reservoir |
| CN103938578B (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-30 | 黄河水利委员会河南黄河河务局 | A kind of reservoir on hyperconcentration river subtract silt system |
| CN104250960A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-31 | 河海大学 | Reservoir silt-preventing laying method |
| CN108755617A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-06 | 四川旭昊德环保设备有限公司 | A kind of reservoir row silt system and method |
| CN209308100U (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-08-27 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of fully-loaded stream sand discharge water intaking structure |
| CN109748461B (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2020-12-29 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Reservoir pollution prevention overflow weir and method for separating clear from turbid |
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