CN115748577A

CN115748577A - Underwater automatic sorting device for riverbed sand and stone

Info

Publication number: CN115748577A
Application number: CN202211679833.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄泽普; 蔡文斌; 宋龙宝; 肖英才; 简江华; 王秋炎
Original assignee: Jiangxi Space Ecological Construction Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangxi Space Ecological Construction Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-27
Filing date: 2022-12-27
Publication date: 2023-03-07

Abstract

An underwater automatic sorting device for riverbed sand and stone is characterized in that a sand blocking dam with the height lower than that of a riverbed beach is constructed at an opening or a corner of a riverway, a vertical gravel fence is installed on the sand blocking dam, and a coarse sand sorting screen groove consisting of a horizontal fine sand screen and a vertical coarse sand fence is arranged behind the vertical gravel fence; a gravel pool, a coarse sand pool, a fine sand pool and a silt pool are dug at the bottom of a riverbed at the downstream of the sand blocking dam, the fine sand pool is positioned in the middle of a riverway, the coarse sand pool and the gravel pool are sequentially arranged at two ends of the riverway, and a diversion channel and a gate are arranged at the tail end of the sand blocking dam; and a water retaining wall and a gate are arranged below the silt basin. The invention relates to a silt-preventing hydraulic engineering for intercepting and collecting flood-carried sand and stone above river basins, reservoirs, wetlands and other watersheds, which has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, safe use and low engineering cost, can effectively intercept and recover the sand and stone entrained in flood, reduce sediment deposition of downstream river channels and water bodies, and can provide a large amount of sand and stone resources with high quality and low price for local infrastructure construction.

Description

Underwater automatic sorting device for riverbed sand and stone

Technical Field

The invention relates to an underwater automatic sorting device for riverbed sand and stone.

Background

The sand and gravel are carried by the flood under the action of natural physical and chemical conditions such as lifting of the earth crust, weathering and degradation of the rock, water flow scouring and the like. When the flood kinetic energy is weakened, the sediment is deposited in river reservoirs, and the sediment deposits seriously in river beds and reservoirs after long-term accumulation, even forms a suspended river on the ground, so that flood disasters in the river reservoir areas are frequent, and the ecological safety is seriously threatened. Therefore, the problem of sediment accumulation of riverbeds and reservoirs is a great challenge for ecological management of rivers and reservoirs. The defects of river channel muddy water pollution, disorder stone dangerous beach, sore, erosion of shore foundation, pier protective layer and the like which damage the ecological environment of the river channel are generated by the existing river channel dredging means such as sand digging ships, sand pumping ships and the like, and are also the root cause of disorder in the sand and stone market. And the removal of dredging operation of river channels such as a sand dredger, a sand pumping ship and the like causes the thicker the sediment in the riverbed and the reservoir basin is, the higher the height of the riverbed and the reservoir basin is raised, and the larger ecological problem is caused.

As the actions of destroying the ecological environment, such as river channel sand mining, step land sand excavation, mountain blasting, broken stone sand making and the like are forbidden, the sandstone resources in the building industry are in short supply, the cost of various capital construction projects is indirectly increased, and the normal operation of national economy is also influenced to a certain extent.

At present, no mature technical scheme is provided for solving the contradiction between the natural ecology and the social economic development except emphasizing the measures of afforestation, ecological protection and water and soil loss prevention at the upstream of rivers and reservoirs.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide the underwater automatic river bed sand and stone sorting device which is simple and convenient to operate, safe to use and low in construction cost, can effectively intercept and recover sand and stone carried in flood, and reduces silt deposition in downstream river channels and water bodies.

The invention relates to an underwater automatic sorting device for riverbed sand and stone, which is characterized in that a sand blocking dam with the height lower than that of a riverbed beach is constructed at an opening or a corner of a riverway, a vertical gravel fence consisting of coarse sand screen modules is installed on the sand blocking dam, the length of the vertical gravel fence is smaller than that of the sand blocking dam, a coarse sand sorting screen groove consisting of a horizontal fine sand screen and a vertical coarse sand fence is arranged behind the vertical gravel fence, and the coarse sand sorting screen groove is supported by a screen groove support; a gravel pool, a coarse sand pool, a fine sand pool and a silt pool are dug at the bottom of a riverbed at the downstream of the sand blocking dam, the fine sand pool is positioned in the middle of the riverway, the coarse sand pool and the gravel pool are sequentially arranged at the two ends of the riverway, the fine sand pool and the coarse sand pool are separated by a silt baffle, and the coarse sand pool and the gravel pool are separated by a fine sand baffle; the silt pool is positioned below the fine sand pool; a diversion canal and a gate are arranged at the tail end of the sand blocking dam; and a water retaining wall and a gate are arranged below the silt basin.

The invention discloses an underwater automatic sorting device for riverbed sand and stone, which has the working principle that a gate of a diversion canal is opened in the open period and the dry period, so that river water flows to the downstream through the diversion canal and channels are provided for various fishes and ships. When the flood comes, the gates of the diversion canal and the water retaining wall are closed, and the whole desilting basin is filled with river water in advance to wait for the arrival of the flood. When flood reaches the sand blocking dam, the wrapped sand and stones are separated by the vertical gravel fence, gravels above coarse sand are blocked by the fence, and move downwards along the side direction of the sand blocking dam, and fall into a gravel sedimentation tank after turning over the dam body without the fence, and mixed sand below the coarse sand passes through the fence and falls into a coarse sand separation screen groove. The device realizes the automatic underwater separation of the gravel and the coarse sand for the first time; the mixed sand falling into the coarse sand separation screen groove is separated by the horizontal fine sand screen and the vertical coarse sand fence, and the coarse sand and the fine sand respectively fall into respective sand settling ponds, so that the underwater automatic separation of the coarse sand and the fine sand of the device is realized; the sand and stone wrapped by the flood are automatically separated by the secondary underwater separation, and the remaining fine sand with fine particles is precipitated in the fine sand pool below the fine sand pool, so that the third underwater automatic separation of the fine sand and the fine sand is realized. After the flood passes, the gates of the diversion canal and the water retaining wall are opened, so that the river water is separated from the desilting basin, and the downstream river channel is not polluted in the sand and stone recovery process.

The invention relates to an underwater automatic sorting device for riverbed sand and stone, which is an anti-silting hydraulic engineering for intercepting the sand and stone wrapped by flood above basins such as rivers, reservoirs, wetlands and the like, has simple and convenient operation, safe use and low construction cost, can effectively intercept and recover the sand and stone wrapped by the flood, reduces the sediment deposition of downstream rivers and water bodies, plays an important role in the aspect of ecological environment management of large and small water systems and water bodies, and can provide a large amount of sand and stone resources with high quality and low price for local infrastructure construction.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure B-B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A schematic view of the structure A-A of FIG. 1;

1. river course, 2, vertical gravel fence, 3, coarse sand sorting screen groove, 4, sand blocking dam, 5, gate, 6, screen groove support, 7, water diversion channel, 8, vertical coarse sand fence, 9, fine sand baffle, 10, silt baffle, 11, retaining wall, C, gravel pool, D, coarse sand pool, E, fine sand pool, F, silt pool.

Detailed Description

An underwater automatic sorting device for riverbed sand and stone is characterized in that a sand blocking dam 4 with the height lower than that of a riverbed beach is constructed at an opening or a corner of a riverway 1, a vertical gravel fence 2 with the height of 20-30 cm and composed of coarse sand screen modules is installed on the sand blocking dam 4, the length of the vertical gravel fence 2 is smaller than that of the sand blocking dam 4, a coarse sand sorting screen groove 3 composed of a horizontal fine sand screen and a vertical coarse sand fence 8 is arranged behind the vertical gravel fence 2, the coarse sand sorting screen groove 3 is supported by a screen groove support 6, and the sand blocking dam 4, the vertical gravel fence 2 and the vertical coarse sand fence 8 form an included angle of less than 45 degrees with the water flow direction; a gravel pool C, a coarse sand pool D, a fine sand pool E and a silt pool F are dug at the bottom of a riverbed at the downstream of the sand blocking dam 4, the fine sand pool E is positioned in the middle of the riverway 1, the coarse sand pool D and the gravel pool C are sequentially arranged at two ends of the riverway, the fine sand pool E and the coarse sand pool D are separated by a silt baffle plate 10, and the coarse sand pool D and the gravel pool C are separated by a fine sand baffle plate 9; the silt pool F is positioned below the fine sand pool E; the tail end of the sand blocking dam 4 is provided with a water diversion channel 7 and a gate 5; and a water retaining wall 11 and a gate 5 are arranged below the silt pool F, and the height of the water retaining wall 11 is the same as that of the bottom of the screen groove support 6.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a riverbed gravel and sand automatic separation device under water which characterized in that: constructing a sand blocking dam (4) with the height lower than the riverbed sand at the opening or the corner of the riverway (1), installing a vertical gravel fence (2) consisting of coarse sand screen modules on the sand blocking dam (4), wherein the length of the vertical gravel fence (2) is smaller than that of the sand blocking dam (4), arranging a coarse sand separation screen groove (3) consisting of a horizontal fine sand screen and a vertical coarse sand fence (8) behind the vertical gravel fence (2), and supporting the coarse sand separation screen groove (3) by a screen groove support (6); a gravel pool (C), a coarse sand pool (D), a fine sand pool (E) and a silt pool (F) are dug at the bottom of a riverbed at the downstream of the sand blocking dam (4), the fine sand pool (E) is positioned in the middle of the riverway (1), the coarse sand pool (D) and the gravel pool (C) are sequentially arranged at the two ends of the riverway, the fine sand pool (E) and the coarse sand pool (D) are separated by a silt baffle plate (10), and the coarse sand pool (D) and the gravel pool (C) are separated by a fine sand baffle plate (9); the silt pool (F) is positioned below the fine sand pool (E); a diversion canal (7) and a gate (5) are arranged at the tail end of the sand blocking dam (4); a water retaining wall (11) and a gate (5) are arranged below the silt pool (F).

2. The underwater automatic sorting device for riverbed sand and stone according to claim 1, wherein: the sand blocking dam (4), the vertical gravel fence (2) and the vertical coarse sand fence (8) form an included angle of less than 45 degrees with the water flow direction.

3. The underwater automatic sorting device for riverbed sand and stone according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the vertical gravel fence (2) on the sand blocking dam (4) is 20-30 cm.