CN111575706A - Method and equipment for quickly preparing anti-corrosion hydraulic rod - Google Patents

Method and equipment for quickly preparing anti-corrosion hydraulic rod Download PDF

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CN111575706A
CN111575706A CN202010630526.3A CN202010630526A CN111575706A CN 111575706 A CN111575706 A CN 111575706A CN 202010630526 A CN202010630526 A CN 202010630526A CN 111575706 A CN111575706 A CN 111575706A
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laser
hydraulic rod
product
blank
powder
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王子康
王绥义
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for quickly preparing an anti-corrosion hydraulic rod, wherein the method comprises the following steps: selecting a hydraulic rod substrate without a coating on the surface as a blank; turning the surface of the blank; carrying out laser cladding full-surface treatment on the turned blank to form a laser powder cladding layer, wherein the laser powder comprises C, B, Si, Cr, Ni, Mo and Fe; inspecting the quality of the laser powder cladding layer, wherein the defect-free laser powder cladding layer is a hydraulic rod product semi-finished product; and machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, carrying out final inspection, and packaging the qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod product. According to the method, the laser processing equipment is modified, and the component proportion of the laser powder is adjusted, so that the action process of laser and the laser powder is changed, the cladding efficiency is greatly improved, the corrosion resistance, the surface hardness and the surface roughness of the corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod are improved, and the problem of short service life of the hydraulic rod is solved.

Description

Method and equipment for quickly preparing anti-corrosion hydraulic rod
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of manufacturing of hydraulic rods, in particular to a method and equipment for quickly preparing an anti-corrosion hydraulic rod.
Background
The hydraulic supports being coal miningThe key supporting equipment in the system, and the coal mine hydraulic rod is the core component of the hydraulic support widely used in mines; the hydraulic rod has the main function of supporting weight, and has good strength, hardness and abrasion resistance because the hydraulic rod can generate random collision with a sealing ring of the hydraulic cylinder during working and can be impacted by splashed coal particles or even coal blocks all the time; in addition, the large amount of H exists in the mine2S, HP, which forms acid environment such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid in humid environment, so it is also required to have good corrosion resistance; at present, a hydraulic rod used in a mine is generally subjected to surface chromium plating to improve the corrosion resistance, but the service life of the hydraulic rod is very short, the hydraulic rod is scrapped after being used for 2 years at most, and the hydraulic rod is replaced after being corroded seriously for 3 months, so that the requirement of mining coal in the mine is far not met;
therefore, various processes are adopted for improvement in the coal machine industry, and the laser cladding type hydraulic rod is adopted, namely, the laser cladding technology is adopted, and a corrosion-resistant layer with the main component of stainless steel is cladded on the surface of the hydraulic rod; for example, application No. 201310047311.9 discloses a method and apparatus for manufacturing a corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod, the method comprising the steps of: selecting a hydraulic rod substrate without a coating on the surface as a blank; turning the surface of the blank; carrying out laser cladding full-surface treatment on the turned blank to form a laser powder cladding layer, wherein the laser powder contains C, Cr, Mn, Si, Ni, Mo and Fe; inspecting the quality of the laser powder cladding layer, wherein the defect-free laser powder cladding layer is a hydraulic rod product semi-finished product; machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, carrying out final inspection, and packaging the qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod product; the hydraulic rod manufactured by the method has the advantages that as the laser powder in the laser powder cladding layer contains the components with good wear resistance and good corrosion resistance, the corrosion resistance of the product is improved; in addition, the heat affected zone of laser cladding is small, so that the compression resistance of the hydraulic rod cannot be reduced after cladding, and the service life of the product is greatly prolonged.
However, in terms of the laser cladding technology at present, whether the first generation carbon dioxide transverse flow laser cladding or the second generation semiconductor laser cladding is adopted, the processing speed is too slow, the production efficiency is too low, and the specific conditions are shown in table 1; the production efficiency is not suitable for industrial mass production, and the application of the laser cladding technology is seriously restricted.
TABLE 1
Cladding method Carbon dioxide laser cladding Semiconductor laser cladding
1m2Cladding time (h) 7-8 3-4
1h cladding amount (m)2) 0.13-0.14 0.25-0.33
In view of the above circumstances, it is urgent to develop a laser rapid cladding technology, which can rapidly prepare a hydraulic rod while ensuring the corrosion resistance and strength of the hydraulic rod, and solve the problem of low production efficiency of the hydraulic rod.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and equipment for quickly preparing an anti-corrosion hydraulic rod, which change the action process of laser and laser powder by modifying laser processing equipment and adjusting the component proportion of the laser powder, greatly improve the cladding efficiency, and improve the anti-corrosion performance, surface hardness and surface roughness of the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod, thereby solving the problem of short service life of the hydraulic rod.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for quickly preparing an anti-corrosion hydraulic rod, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a hydraulic rod blank;
s2, turning the blank to a required size;
s3, carrying out laser powder cladding full-surface treatment on the blank with the surface turned, mounting the blank with the surface turned on a chuck of a worktable of a robot processing machine tool of a laser powder cladding device, and cladding laser powder in a powder feeder on the full-surface of the turned blank by using laser generated by a laser to form a laser powder cladding layer; the laser powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.15%, B: 0.80-0.95%, Si: 0.75-0.95%, Cr: 17.0 to 18.0%, Ni: 2.3-3.3%, Mo: 1.5-2.2%, and the balance of Fe; adjusting the rotating speed of the chuck of the machine tool workbench to enable the linear speed of the blank to be 15-35 m/min when the blank rotates; in the cladding process, the cladding amount per hour is 0.67-1.0 m2；
S4, inspecting the quality of the laser powder cladding layer, manually observing whether the laser powder cladding layer has defects, if so, repeating the step S3 to repair until the whole surface of the turned blank is completely cladded to form a semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product;
s5, machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, finely turning or grinding the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product into the hydraulic rod with the required size, installing the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product on a lathe, and grinding to remove 0.15-0.2 mm according to the size requirement of the finished product to obtain the hydraulic rod with the required size;
s6, inspecting the machined hydraulic rod, wherein the product with the size meeting the requirement and the laser powder cladding layer without defects is a qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod product;
and S7, packaging and packaging the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod product.
Preferably, the surface hardness of the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod reaches HRC 50-55.
Preferably, the thickness of the laser powder cladding layer is 0.6-0.7 mm.
Preferably, in the step S1, the diameter phi of the blank is less than or equal to 1400mm, and the length is less than or equal to 3.5 m.
Preferably, in the step S4, the laser powder cladding layer defect is a crack or a pit in the cladding layer.
Preferably, in the step S5, the fine turning or fine grinding of the hydraulic rod into the required size means that the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product is mounted on a lathe, and the semi-finished product is turned to the finished size according to the size requirement of the finished product, and if the turning meets the surface roughness requirement of the finished product, the machining is finished; and if the turning does not meet the requirement of the surface roughness of the finished product, the finished product is ground on a grinding machine until the finished product meets the requirement of the surface roughness.
Preferably, in step S6, the machined hydraulic rod is inspected, which is the final inspection of the dimension inspection and the quality of the laser powder cladding layer, and if the dimension meets the requirement and the laser powder cladding layer is defect-free, the product is a qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod; if the size is not satisfactory and the laser powder cladding layer is defect-free, repeating the step S5; and if the laser powder cladding layer has defects, and whether the size is consistent or not, repeating the steps S3-S5 until the qualified anticorrosive hydraulic rod product is obtained.
A second aspect of the invention provides an apparatus for rapidly preparing a corrosion-resistant hydraulic ram for use in the method provided by the first aspect of the invention, comprising
The machine tool comprises a lathe for turning the surface of the hydraulic rod blank without the coating on the surface and machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product; a grinding machine for machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product;
the laser powder cladding device is a device for carrying out laser powder cladding full-surface treatment on a blank after surface turning, and comprises a robot processing machine tool, a powder feeder, a laser and a controller;
the turned blank is placed on a chuck of a machine tool workbench of the robot processing machine tool, and laser emitted by the optical fiber laser and a powder feeding head of the powder feeder are opposite to the end part of the turned blank;
the powder feeder is a double-barrel powder feeder, laser powder is arranged in the powder feeder, and the laser powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.15%, B: 0.80-0.95%, Si: 0.75-0.95%, Cr: 17.0 to 18.0%, Ni: 2.3-3.3%, Mo: 1.5-2.2%, and the balance of Fe;
the laser is a fiber laser, and the running power is 6 KW;
the controller is a numerical control system and is respectively connected with the laser, the powder feeder and the robot processing machine tool, so that laser generated by the laser melts and covers laser powder sent by the powder feeder on the whole surface of the turned blank, and the turned blank becomes a semi-finished product of a hydraulic rod product with a laser powder melting and covering layer on the whole surface;
the detector is used for detecting the size of the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, and the qualified product is an anti-corrosion hydraulic rod product;
and the packing device is used for packing and packing the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod product.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises
The optical fiber transmission optical path system is arranged on an optical path of laser emitted by the laser;
the synchronous indicating system is arranged on a light path of the laser emitted by the laser, is a device for emitting a beam of red light, and the path of the emitted red light is consistent with that of the laser;
and the water chilling unit is respectively connected with the laser and the optical fiber transmission optical path system.
Preferably, the equipment further comprises a crane hoisting device for carrying the hydraulic rod blank, the hydraulic rod product semi-finished product and the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method for rapidly preparing the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod changes the action process of laser and laser powder by modifying laser processing equipment and adjusting the component ratio of the laser powder, so that the laser powder fully absorbs laser energy before cladding, the cladding efficiency is greatly improved, the linear speed reaches 25m/min,cladding for 1h to 0.7m2Left and right;
2. according to the method for rapidly preparing the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod, the prepared anti-corrosion hydraulic rod has high surface hardness which can reach HRC 50-55, and the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod cannot crack;
3. according to the method for rapidly preparing the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod, the prepared anti-corrosion hydraulic rod is high in surface roughness precision, and a finished product can be ground only by processing 0.15-0.2 mm;
4. compared with the traditional laser cladding equipment, the equipment for rapidly preparing the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod has the advantages that the processing efficiency is greatly improved, the surface hardness and the surface roughness of the cladding hydraulic rod are higher, and the hydraulic rod is basically not deformed.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of rapidly preparing a corrosion-resistant hydraulic ram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus for rapidly manufacturing the corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for rapidly preparing the corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a hydraulic rod blank (the hydraulic rod blank refers to a hydraulic rod with no coating on the surface): an existing hydraulic rod (a hydraulic rod base body without a coating on the surface thereof, which is commercially available) is used as the hydraulic rod blank of the embodiment;
wherein the diameter of the blank is less than or equal to 1400mm, and the length of the blank is less than or equal to 3.5 m.
S2, turning the blank, mounting the blank on a lathe 21, and turning the blank to a required size according to the size requirement of a finished product;
s3, forAnd carrying out laser powder cladding full-surface treatment on the blank with the turned surface, and cladding laser powder on the surface of the blank with the turned surface by using laser to form a laser powder cladding layer. During operation, the blank with the turned surface is arranged on a worktable of a robot processing machine tool 17 of the laser powder cladding device 1, and laser powder in a powder feeder 14 is cladded on the whole surface of the turned blank by laser generated by a laser 12 to form a laser powder cladding layer; the laser powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.15%, B: 0.80-0.95%, Si: 0.75-0.95%, Cr: 17.0 to 18.0%, Ni: 2.3-3.3%, Mo: 1.5-2.2%, and the balance of Fe; adjusting the rotating speed of a chuck of a machine tool workbench to enable the linear speed of the blank to be 15-35 m/min when the blank rotates, and preferably, the linear speed is 20-35 m/min; in the laser cladding process, the cladding amount per hour is 0.67-1.0 m2The preferable cladding amount per hour is 0.67-0.7 m2；
Wherein the operating power of the laser 12 is 6KW (the laser 12 used in this embodiment is a fiber laser);
the turned blank does not need to be preheated before cladding, does not need to be cooled after cladding, and can be naturally cooled;
s4, inspecting the quality of the laser powder cladding layer, manually observing whether the laser powder cladding layer has defects such as cracks or pits, and if so, repeating the step S3 to repair until the whole surface of the turned blank is completely cladded to form a semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product;
s5, machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, finely turning or grinding the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product into the hydraulic rod with the required size, installing the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product on a lathe, and grinding to remove 0.15-0.2 mm according to the size requirement of the finished product to obtain the hydraulic rod with the required size;
during operation, the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product is arranged on a lathe 21, the semi-finished product is finely turned to the size of a finished product according to the size requirement of the finished product, and if the turning meets the surface roughness requirement of the finished product, the machining is finished; if the turning does not meet the requirement of the surface roughness of the finished product, the workpiece is ground on the grinding machine 22 again to meet the requirement of the surface roughness of the finished product.
S6, inspecting the machined hydraulic rod, wherein the product with the size meeting the requirement and the laser powder cladding layer without defects is a qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod product;
the machined hydraulic rod is inspected, mainly size inspection and final inspection of the quality of the laser powder cladding layer, and during operation, the diameter of the machined hydraulic rod is measured by a caliper and whether the laser powder cladding layer has defects is observed manually; if the size meets the requirement and the laser powder cladding layer is not defective, the product is a qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod; if the size is not satisfactory and the laser powder cladding layer is defect-free, repeating the step S5; and if the laser powder cladding layer has defects, and whether the size is consistent or not, repeating the steps S3-S5 until the qualified anticorrosive hydraulic rod product is obtained.
And S7, packaging and packaging the corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod product, such as a wooden box package or other suitable loading, unloading and transporting modes.
The anticorrosive hydraulic rod produced by the method only consumes 1.2-1.5 hours per square meter of cladding time, and the cladding amount per hour is 0.67-1.0 m2The surface hardness of the prepared anti-corrosion hydraulic rod reaches HRC 50-55, and the thickness of the laser powder cladding layer is 0.6-0.7 mm.
The method for rapidly preparing the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod is greatly different from a common cladding mechanism, the laser powder fully absorbs laser energy before cladding by changing the action process of the laser and the laser powder (the absorption ratio of the substrate to the laser powder is respectively 80% and 20% during common cladding, while the absorption ratio of the substrate to the laser powder is respectively 20% and 80% during cladding), the absorption ratio of the laser energy is changed, the linear speed during cladding reaches dozens of meters per minute or even dozens of meters, the working efficiency of cladding is greatly improved, the dilution rate of laser cladding is extremely low and is about 1% (the dilution rate of common cladding is 5-15%), and metallurgical bonding is good.
In addition, the laser powder of the laser powder cladding layer comprises nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) with good wear resistance, but the elements with high hardness are easy to crack in the surfacing or cladding process, so that boron (B) with more active high temperature is added, the high-temperature thermosetting property of the laser powder cladding layer is increased, and in addition, carbon (C), silicon (Si) and molybdenum (Mo) with good corrosion resistance are also added into the laser powder of the invention, and through proper material proportion, preheating is not needed before cladding, and heat preservation is not needed after cladding is completed, so that the effect of corrosion resistance without cracking of the cladding layer can be achieved.
As shown in figure 2, the equipment for quickly preparing the corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod comprises
The machine tool 2 comprises a lathe 21 for turning the surface of a hydraulic rod blank without a coating on the surface and machining a semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, wherein the maximum machining length of an X axis of the lathe 21 can reach 3 meters, and the maximum diameter of the machinable blank can reach phi 1400 mm; the grinding machine 22 is used for machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, the maximum machining length of the X axis of the grinding machine 22 can reach 3 meters, and the maximum diameter of a blank to be machined can reach phi 1400 mm; if the turning meets the requirement of the surface roughness of the finished product, finishing the machining; if the turning does not meet the requirement of the surface roughness of the finished product, the workpiece is ground on the grinding machine 22 again to meet the requirement of the surface roughness of the finished product.
The laser powder cladding device 1 is a device for carrying out laser powder cladding full-surface treatment on a blank after surface turning, and comprises a robot processing machine tool 17, a powder feeder 14, a laser 12 and a controller 11;
placing the turned blank on a chuck of a machine tool workbench of a robot processing machine tool 17, wherein the laser emitted by the optical fiber laser 12 and a powder feeding head of the powder feeder 14 are opposite to the end part of the turned blank (laser cladding scanning starts from one end part to the other end part);
the powder feeder 14 adopts a double-cylinder powder feeder, and laser powder is arranged in the double-cylinder powder feeder, wherein the laser powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.15%, B: 0.80-0.95%, Si: 0.75-0.95%, Cr: 17.0 to 18.0%, Ni: 2.3-3.3%, Mo: 1.5-2.2%, and the balance of Fe;
the laser 12 adopts a fiber laser 12, and the maximum power is 6 KW;
the controller 11 is a numerical control system and is respectively connected with the laser 12, the powder feeder 14 and the robot processing machine tool 17, wherein the controller 11 controls the rotating speed of a chuck of a machine tool worktable of the robot processing machine tool 17 (the linear speed of a blank when rotating is controlled to be 15-35 m/min by adjusting the rotating speed of the chuck of the machine tool worktable) and the moving speed of an X axis of the machine tool, controls the powder feeding speed of the powder feeder 14 and the output power of the laser 12, and in addition, the laser 12 is opened or closed through the controller 11, so that laser powder sent out by the powder feeder 14 is coated on the whole surface of the turned blank by laser generated by the laser 12, the turned blank becomes a hydraulic rod product semi-finished product with a laser powder coating layer on the whole surface, and the thickness of the laser powder coating layer is controlled to be 0.6-0.7 mm;
the detector 3 is used for detecting the size of the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, and the qualified product is an anti-corrosion hydraulic rod product, for example, a tool for measuring the size such as a caliper is adopted;
the packing device 4 is used for packing and packing the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod product, such as packing by adopting a wooden box or other modes suitable for loading, unloading and transportation;
the optical fiber transmission optical path system 16 is arranged on an optical path of laser emitted by the laser 12, and the laser reaches a working point of the hydraulic rod for cladding after passing through the optical fiber transmission optical path system 16;
the synchronous indicating system 15 is arranged on the light path of the laser emitted by the laser 12, and is a device which emits a beam of red light, the path of the emitted red light is consistent with the path of the laser, and the device is arranged on the light path of the laser and is used for focusing, namely the beam of red light is used for calibrating the irradiation position of the laser before the optical shutter is formally opened to enable the laser of the laser 12 to irradiate the working point of the hydraulic rod workpiece, so that the laser of the laser 12 is aligned with the working point position of the hydraulic rod;
the water chilling unit 13 is respectively connected with the laser 12 and the optical fiber transmission optical path system 16; a cold water pipe of the cold water unit 13 is connected to a radiator in a cavity of the laser 12 to radiate and cool the laser 12; a cold water pipe of the water chilling unit 13 is connected to a water-cooling disc of the optical fiber transmission optical path system 16 to cool and dissipate heat of the optical fiber transmission optical path system 16.
The equipment also comprises a crane hoisting device 5 used for carrying the hydraulic rod blank, the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product and the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod product.
The dotted lines in fig. 2 show the use state indicating lines of the devices belonging to the equipment in the product production process, wherein the two-dot dotted lines are the use state indicating lines of the crane lifting device 5.
The method and apparatus for rapidly manufacturing the corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
S1, selecting a hydraulic rod blank: the existing hydraulic rod (a hydraulic rod base body without a coating on the surface and supplied on the market) is used as the hydraulic rod blank of the product of the embodiment;
wherein the diameter of the blank is 320mm and the length is 1.2 m.
S2, turning the blank, mounting the blank on a lathe 21, and turning the blank to a required size according to the size requirement of a finished product;
and S3, carrying out laser powder cladding full-surface treatment on the blank after surface turning, cladding laser powder on the surface of the blank after surface turning by using laser to form a laser powder cladding layer, wherein the hardness of the laser powder cladding layer reaches HRC 50. The laser powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.08%, B: 0.80%, Si: 0.75%, Cr: 17.0%, Ni: 2.3%, Mo: 1.5 percent, and the balance being Fe; in the laser cladding process, the rotating speed of a chuck of a machine tool worktable is adjusted to ensure that the linear speed of the blank when the blank rotates is 35m/min, and the cladding amount per hour can reach 0.7m2The cladding time per square meter is 1.2 h;
wherein the operating power of the laser 12 is 6KW (the laser 12 used in this embodiment is a fiber laser).
S4, inspecting the quality of the laser powder cladding layer, manually observing the existence of pits in the laser powder cladding layer, repeating the step S3, repairing, and then observing the existence of defects such as cracks or pits in the laser powder cladding layer;
s5, machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, finely turning or finely grinding the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product into the hydraulic rod with the required size, mounting the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product on a lathe 21, finely turning the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product according to the size requirement of the finished product, grinding the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product to 0.16mm +/-0.01 mm according to the required size to meet the surface roughness requirement of the finished product, and obtaining the hydraulic rod with the required size;
s6, inspecting the machined hydraulic rod, wherein the product with the size meeting the requirement and the laser powder cladding layer without defects is a qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod product;
the machined hydraulic rod is inspected, mainly size inspection and final inspection of laser powder cladding layer quality, the diameter of the machined hydraulic rod is measured by a caliper during operation, and the diameter meets the requirement that the product is a qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod product;
and S7, packaging and packaging the corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod product, such as a wooden box package or other suitable loading, unloading and transporting modes.
The surface hardness of the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod prepared by the method reaches HRC50, and the thickness of the laser powder cladding layer is 0.7 mm.
Example 2
S1, selecting a hydraulic rod blank: the existing hydraulic rod (a hydraulic rod base body without a coating on the surface and supplied on the market) is used as the hydraulic rod blank of the product of the embodiment;
wherein the diameter of the blank is 320mm and the length is 1.2 m.
S2, turning the blank, mounting the blank on a lathe 21, and turning the blank to a required size according to the size requirement of a finished product;
and S3, carrying out laser powder cladding full-surface treatment on the blank after surface turning, cladding laser powder on the surface of the blank after surface turning by using laser to form a laser powder cladding layer, wherein the hardness of the laser powder cladding layer reaches HRC 50. The laser powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.15%, B: 0.95%, Si: 0.95%, Cr: 18.0%, Ni: 3.3%, Mo: 2.2 percent and the balance of Fe; in the laser cladding process, the rotating speed of a chuck of a machine tool worktable is adjusted to enable a blank to be manufacturedThe linear velocity during rotation is 25m/min, and the cladding amount per hour is 0.67m2The cladding time per square meter is 1.5 h;
wherein the operating power of the laser 12 is 6KW (the laser 12 used in this embodiment is a fiber laser).
S4, inspecting the quality of the laser powder cladding layer, and manually observing that the laser powder cladding layer has no defects such as cracking or pits;
s5, machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, finely turning or finely grinding the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product into the hydraulic rod with the required size, mounting the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product on a lathe 21, finely turning the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product according to the size requirement of the finished product, grinding the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product to 0.19mm +/-0.01 mm according to the required size to meet the surface roughness requirement of the finished product, and obtaining the hydraulic rod with the required size;
s6, inspecting the machined hydraulic rod, wherein the product with the size meeting the requirement and the laser powder cladding layer without defects is a qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod product;
the machined hydraulic rod is inspected, mainly size inspection and final inspection of laser powder cladding layer quality, the diameter of the machined hydraulic rod is measured by a caliper during operation, and the diameter meets the requirement that the product is a qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod product;
and S7, packaging and packaging the corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod product, such as a wooden box package or other suitable loading, unloading and transporting modes.
The surface hardness of the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod prepared by the method reaches HRC55, and the thickness of the laser powder cladding layer is 0.6 mm.
Example 3
S1, selecting a hydraulic rod blank: the existing hydraulic rod (a hydraulic rod base body without a coating on the surface and supplied on the market) is used as the hydraulic rod blank of the product of the embodiment;
wherein the diameter of the blank is 120mm and the length is 1.5 m.
S2, turning the blank, mounting the blank on a lathe 21, and turning the blank to a required size according to the size requirement of a finished product;
and S3, carrying out laser powder cladding full-surface treatment on the blank after surface turning, cladding laser powder on the surface of the blank after surface turning by using laser to form a laser powder cladding layer, wherein the hardness of the laser powder cladding layer reaches HRC 50. The laser powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.13%, B: 0.85%, Si: 0.85%, Cr: 17.5%, Ni: 2.8%, Mo: 1.9 percent, and the balance being Fe; in the laser cladding process, the rotating speed of a chuck of a machine tool worktable is adjusted to ensure that the linear speed of the blank when the blank rotates is 20m/min, and the cladding amount per hour is 0.7m2The cladding time per square meter is 1.3 h;
wherein the operating power of the laser 12 is 6KW (the laser 12 used in this embodiment is a fiber laser).
S4, inspecting the quality of the laser powder cladding layer, and manually observing that the laser powder cladding layer has no defects such as cracking or pits;
s5, machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, finely turning or finely grinding the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product into the hydraulic rod with the required size, mounting the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product on a lathe 21, finely turning the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product according to the size requirement of the finished product, grinding the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product to 0.17mm +/-0.01 mm according to the required size to meet the surface roughness requirement of the finished product, and obtaining the hydraulic rod with the required size;
s6, inspecting the machined hydraulic rod, wherein the product with the size meeting the requirement and the laser powder cladding layer without defects is a qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod product;
the machined hydraulic rod is inspected, mainly size inspection and final inspection of laser powder cladding layer quality, the diameter of the machined hydraulic rod is measured by a caliper during operation, and the diameter meets the requirement that the product is a qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod product;
and S7, packaging and packaging the corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod product, such as a wooden box package or other suitable loading, unloading and transporting modes.
The surface hardness of the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod prepared by the method reaches HRC53, and the thickness of the laser powder cladding layer is 0.65 mm.
The rapid preparation of the inventionThe method of the corrosion type hydraulic rod changes the action process of laser and laser powder by modifying laser processing equipment and adjusting the component proportion of the laser powder, so that the laser powder fully absorbs laser energy before cladding, the cladding efficiency is greatly improved, the linear speed reaches 25m/min, and the cladding amount per hour is 0.7m2About (the thickness of the laser powder cladding layer is 0.6 mm); the surface hardness of the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod prepared by the method is high and can reach HRC 50-55, and the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod cannot crack; the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod prepared by the method has high surface roughness precision, and a finished product can be ground only by processing 0.15-0.2 mm; compared with the traditional laser cladding equipment, the equipment for rapidly preparing the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod has the advantages that the processing efficiency is greatly improved, the surface hardness and the surface roughness of the hydraulic rod after cladding are higher, and the hydraulic rod basically does not deform (in the laser cladding process, the heat output is small, the blank absorbs less heat and basically does not deform); the device is controlled by a numerical control system when in use, is convenient for accurate control, realizes accurate and rapid laser cladding, does not produce three wastes in the whole using process, and is environment-friendly and pollution-free.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for rapidly preparing an anti-corrosion hydraulic rod is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a hydraulic rod blank;
s2, turning the blank to a required size;
s3, carrying out laser powder cladding treatment on the whole surface of the blank after surface turning, mounting the blank after surface turning on a chuck of a worktable of a robot processing machine tool of a laser powder cladding device, and feeding powder into the blank by using laser generated by a laser in the blankLaser powder in the device is cladded on the whole surface of the turned blank to form a laser powder cladding layer; the laser powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.15%, B: 0.80-0.95%, Si: 0.75-0.95%, Cr: 17.0 to 18.0%, Ni: 2.3-3.3%, Mo: 1.5-2.2%, and the balance of Fe; adjusting the rotating speed of the chuck of the machine tool workbench to enable the linear speed of the blank to be 15-35 m/min when the blank rotates; in the cladding process, the cladding amount per hour is 0.67-1.0 m2；
S4, inspecting the quality of the laser powder cladding layer, manually observing whether the laser powder cladding layer has defects, if so, repeating the step S3 to repair until the whole surface of the turned blank is completely cladded to form a semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product;
s5, machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, finely turning or grinding the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product into the hydraulic rod with the required size, installing the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product on a lathe, and grinding to remove 0.15-0.2 mm according to the size requirement of the finished product to obtain the hydraulic rod with the required size;
s6, inspecting the machined hydraulic rod, wherein the product with the size meeting the requirement and the laser powder cladding layer without defects is a qualified anticorrosion hydraulic rod product;
and S7, packaging and packaging the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod product.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the surface hardness of the corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod reaches HRC 50-55.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser powder cladding layer has a thickness of 0.6 to 0.7 mm.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the diameter Φ of the blank is 1400mm or less, and the length is 3.5m or less.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser powder cladding layer defect is a cladding layer crack or a pit in the step S4.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S5, in step S5, the step of finish turning or fine grinding the hydraulic rods into the required size means that the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rods is mounted on a lathe, and the semi-finished product is finish turned to the finished size according to the finished size, and if the turning meets the requirement of the surface roughness of the finished product, the machining is finished; and if the turning does not meet the requirement of the surface roughness of the finished product, the finished product is ground on a grinding machine until the finished product meets the requirement of the surface roughness.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the machined hydraulic rod is inspected, which is a dimension inspection and a final inspection of the quality of the laser powder cladding layer, and if the dimension meets the requirement and the laser powder cladding layer has no defect, the product is a qualified corrosion-resistant hydraulic rod; if the size is not satisfactory and the laser powder cladding layer is defect-free, repeating the step S5; and if the laser powder cladding layer has defects, and whether the size is consistent or not, repeating the steps S3-S5 until the qualified anticorrosive hydraulic rod product is obtained.
8. An apparatus for rapidly preparing a corrosion-resistant hydraulic ram for use in a method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising
The machine tool comprises a lathe for turning the surface of the hydraulic rod blank without the coating on the surface and machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product; a grinding machine for machining the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product;
the laser powder cladding device is a device for carrying out laser powder cladding full-surface treatment on a blank after surface turning, and comprises a robot processing machine tool, a powder feeder, a laser and a controller;
the turned blank is placed on a chuck of a machine tool workbench of the robot processing machine tool, and laser emitted by the optical fiber laser and a powder feeding head of the powder feeder are opposite to the end part of the turned blank;
the powder feeder is a double-barrel powder feeder, laser powder is arranged in the powder feeder, and the laser powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.15%, B: 0.80-0.95%, Si: 0.75-0.95%, Cr: 17.0 to 18.0%, Ni: 2.3-3.3%, Mo: 1.5-2.2%, and the balance of Fe;
the laser is a fiber laser, and the running power is 6 KW;
the controller is a numerical control system and is respectively connected with the laser, the powder feeder and the robot processing machine tool, so that laser generated by the laser melts and covers laser powder sent by the powder feeder on the whole surface of the turned blank, and the turned blank becomes a semi-finished product of a hydraulic rod product with a laser powder melting and covering layer on the whole surface;
the detector is used for detecting the size of the semi-finished product of the hydraulic rod product, and the qualified product is an anti-corrosion hydraulic rod product;
and the packing device is used for packing and packing the anti-corrosion hydraulic rod product.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising
The optical fiber transmission optical path system is arranged on an optical path of laser emitted by the laser;
the synchronous indicating system is arranged on a light path of the laser emitted by the laser, is a device for emitting a beam of red light, and the path of the emitted red light is consistent with that of the laser;
and the water chilling unit is respectively connected with the laser and the optical fiber transmission optical path system.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 further comprising a crane hoist for handling the hydraulic ram blanks, the hydraulic ram product blanks, and the corrosion protected hydraulic ram products.
CN202010630526.3A 2020-07-03 2020-07-03 Method and equipment for quickly preparing anti-corrosion hydraulic rod Pending CN111575706A (en)

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