CN111575030B - Biomass pyrolysis horizontal converter with bearing sealing structure - Google Patents
Biomass pyrolysis horizontal converter with bearing sealing structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111575030B CN111575030B CN202010453345.8A CN202010453345A CN111575030B CN 111575030 B CN111575030 B CN 111575030B CN 202010453345 A CN202010453345 A CN 202010453345A CN 111575030 B CN111575030 B CN 111575030B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
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- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a biomass pyrolysis horizontal converter with a bearing sealing structure, wherein pyrolysis and drying of the horizontal converter are completed in the same furnace, the parts in a converter barrel are simple, the sealing performance between the horizontal converter and a static part is good, and no bearing part of the horizontal converter barrel needs to be additionally arranged, so that the workload is simplified, the biomass pyrolysis horizontal converter comprises the converter barrel, a front end socket arranged at the front end of the converter barrel and a rear end socket arranged at the rear end of the converter barrel, two ends of the barrel respectively extend into the front end socket and the rear end socket and are in sealing connection with the front end socket and the rear end socket in a relative rotating manner, a pyrolysis pipe for heating gas to circulate is arranged in the barrel, and the bottom of the front end socket is communicated with an exhaust pipe for exhausting tail gas; the inside bottom of back head is provided with the combustor, the air-blower is still installed to the back head, the air-blower is used for blowing into the pyrolysis pipe with the heat energy of combustor burning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis, and particularly relates to a biomass pyrolysis horizontal converter with a bearing sealing structure.
Background
Biomass pyrolysis is to convert biomass into combustible gas and natural resources, and has the advantages of high energy conversion rate, easily available raw materials, convenient transportation and easy industrial utilization, and biomass pyrolysis processes at the present stage are also increasingly researched and developed, the existing biomass pyrolysis furnaces are mainly vertical type and horizontal type, wherein the horizontal type converter gradually expands the application range due to the characteristics of slow material movement, sufficient pyrolysis, convenient product control and the like, but the existing horizontal type converter is often matched with a plurality of rotating parts and drying furnaces in the furnace body, and the whole cylinder body of the existing horizontal type converter continuously rotates, so that the sealing between the cylinder body and a gas production part or sealing head parts at two ends of the cylinder body becomes one of the difficulties, for example, patent document CN201014917Y discloses a full-sealing atmosphere protection high-temperature continuous calcination rotary furnace, and patent document CN201242334Y discloses a connecting part between a roller dryer and a hot blast stove, the sealing problem of the rotary cylinder and the end connecting part is solved, two sealing parts which are in face-to-face contact are adopted, and the two sealing parts are pressed together by spring force to realize sealing.
However, the diameter of the rotating cylinder is generally more than 1 meter, which results in a large total contact area of the annular sealing elements arranged opposite to the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder, and after further applying spring force to the contact area, the rotating cylinder firstly overcomes the friction force between the two sealing elements when rotating.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the biomass pyrolysis horizontal converter with the bearing sealing structure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a biomass pyrolysis horizontal converter with a bearing sealing structure is characterized by comprising a converter barrel, a front end enclosure arranged at the front end of the converter barrel and a rear end enclosure arranged at the rear end of the converter barrel, wherein two ends of the barrel respectively extend into the front end enclosure and the rear end enclosure and are in sealing connection with the front end enclosure and the rear end enclosure in a relatively rotating manner, a pyrolysis pipe for heating gas to circulate is arranged in the barrel, and the bottom of the front end enclosure is communicated with an exhaust pipe for exhausting tail gas; the bottom inside the rear end enclosure is provided with a burner, the rear end enclosure is also provided with an air blower, and the air blower is used for blowing heat energy combusted by the burner into the pyrolysis tube;
a plurality of air outlet holes for extracting gas generated by pyrolysis of biomass materials are formed in the wall surface of the middle of the barrel body, which is deviated to the front position, a support barrel is further coated on the periphery of the position of the barrel body, which is provided with the air outlet holes, and two ends of the support barrel are in sealing connection with the barrel body in a relatively rotating manner; an air outlet pipe is connected outside the supporting cylinder, and an exhaust fan is arranged in the air outlet pipe;
the wall surface of the barrel body close to the rear end is provided with a plurality of charcoal outlet holes, charcoal generated by pyrolysis of biomass materials is discharged out of the converter through the charcoal outlet holes, the position of the barrel body provided with the charcoal outlet holes is covered in the rear end socket, and the bottom of the rear end socket is provided with a charcoal outlet pipe for producing the charcoal;
the feeding machine is further installed at the axis position of the front end socket and comprises a shell and a spiral shaft, the spiral shaft extends to the position, close to the air outlet hole, in the horizontal converter barrel from the outside of the front end socket, spiral fins are arranged on the spiral shaft, a feeding hole is formed in the shell towards the upper portion outside the front end socket, and the shell extends into the converter barrel along the axial direction.
The barrel comprises front end plate, rear end plate, periphery wall and pyrolysis tube, set up a plurality of through-holes on front end plate and the rear end plate, set up many pyrolysis tubes between front end plate and the rear end plate, the pyrolysis tube switches on the through-hole of front end plate and the through-hole of rear end plate to constitute the passageway that heated gas passes through the pyrolysis furnace, the periphery wall encloses into the tube-shape in order to cover the pyrolysis tube inside, both ends are in the same place with front end plate and rear end plate fixed connection respectively around the periphery wall.
The bearing sealing structure comprises an outer welding plate and an inner welding plate, the outer welding plate is a ring plate with an F-shaped cross section, the inner welding plate is a ring plate with an L-shaped cross section, a plurality of ball upper supporting seats are arranged between an outer side plate and an inner side plate of the outer welding plate, a plurality of ball lower supporting seats are arranged on one side of the inner welding plate away from a side plate of the inner welding plate, balls are arranged between the ball upper supporting seats and the ball lower supporting seats, a main sealing element is arranged on one side of the inner side plate depending on the outer welding plate away from the ball upper supporting seats, a sealing tongue extends out of the side plate of the inner welding plate in an inclined manner, the sealing tongue is in line contact with the side plate of the inner welding plate, a main fastening plate is further arranged on the outer side of the main sealing element, and the main sealing element is locked on the inner side plate of the outer welding plate by the main fastening plate, the main fastening plate is also provided with an elastic sheet along the extension direction of the sealing tongue, and the elastic sheet assists the sealing tongue to reset when the sealing tongue excessively deforms; set up between curb plate and the ball under bracing seat of interior welding plate upper surface and assist the sealing member, it has assisted the sealing tongue to assist the sealing member to stretch out from the sealing tongue of the one side orientation main seal piece that is close ball under bracing seat, assist the sealing tongue with the sealing tongue slightly contacts together or leaves the microgap, the microgap makes the sealing tongue of main seal piece pressurized during the fine motion can with assist the sealing tongue contact together, assist the sealing member and inject on the inner welding plate through assisting the mounting plate outward, it is provided with the flexure strip along the extending direction of assisting the sealing tongue to assist the mounting plate.
The working process of the horizontal converter is as follows: igniting a burner in the rear end socket to generate hot flame, blowing wind power into the rear end socket through a blower to drive the hot flame to enter a pyrolysis tube of the horizontal converter, driving the horizontal converter to rotate by utilizing a motor to drive a gear, conveying a biomass material such as straw and the like into the horizontal converter through a feed inlet of a feeder, enabling the biomass material to turn over and advance up and down under the dual actions of the rotation driving action of the pyrolysis tube in a cylinder body of the horizontal converter and a spiral shaft extending into the cylinder body, drying the front half section in the cylinder body, then moving backwards along the cylinder body, generating pyrolysis reaction, enabling generated pyrolysis gas to enter a space enclosed by a supporting cylinder through a gas outlet hole, pumping out the pyrolysis gas through an exhaust fan in the gas outlet pipe and conveying the pyrolysis gas to the next process step, discharging charcoal generated after pyrolysis into a charcoal outlet pipe through a charcoal outlet hole at the rear end of the cylinder body of the converter, enabling the heated gas in the pyrolysis pipe to enter from the rear end of the pyrolysis pipe and be discharged to the inner space of, and is discharged through the exhaust pipe.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the drying and the pyrolysis are completed in the same furnace, the process equipment is simplified, the installation and the maintenance of the converter are convenient, the biomass materials are stirred continuously when the pyrolysis tube in the cylinder body of the converter rotates along with the cylinder body, the biomass materials are heated uniformly, the biomass materials can be turned over by the pyrolysis tube, the biomass materials can advance along the cylinder body conveniently, and no additional auxiliary accessory is needed;
2. the exhaust fan in the air outlet pipe acts to enable the interior of the converter barrel to be in a micro-negative pressure state, so that the pyrolysis reaction of the biomass material is facilitated, and meanwhile, the dried water vapor is also extracted out in an accelerated manner through the exhaust fan, so that the drying process can be accelerated, the pyrolysis process time is prolonged, and the pyrolysis reaction is more sufficient;
3. the gas used for heating is positioned in the pyrolysis tube, the gas generated by pyrolyzing the biomass material is positioned outside the pyrolysis tube, and each component is distinct, so that the purification and utilization of the pyrolysis gas of the biomass in the subsequent process are facilitated, the complexity of a subsequent purification system is reduced, and the overall cost of the biomass pyrolysis process is reduced;
4. the support stabilizing effect on the rotary cylinder body is realized through the front seal head, the rear seal head and the support cylinder, and an external support ground pile of the cylinder body is not required to be additionally arranged;
5. the converter only rotates a few circles per minute, the friction force of the conventional face-to-face sealing element is extremely large, the load of a driving motor is increased, the abrasion speed of the sealing element is high, and the sealing element is frequently maintained and replaced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a horizontal converter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pyrolysis tube configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the peripheral wall structure of the cylinder according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the seal of FIG. 1 at A;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a cylinder body, 1-1 parts, a front end plate, 1-2 parts, a rear end plate, 1-3 parts, a feeder mounting hole, 2 parts, a front seal head, 3 parts, a rear seal head, 4 parts, a pyrolysis pipe, 5 parts, a support cylinder, 6 parts, a feed inlet, 7 parts, a spiral shaft, 8 parts, an air outlet, 9 parts, a charcoal outlet, 10 parts, a burner, 11 parts, a blower, 12 parts, a driving gear, 13 parts, an air outlet pipe, 14 parts, an exhaust fan, 15 parts, a charcoal outlet pipe, 16 parts, an exhaust pipe, 17 parts, an outer welding plate, 17-1 parts, an outer side plate, 17-2 parts, an inner side plate, 18 parts, an inner welding plate, 18-1 parts, a side plate, 19 parts, a ball upper support seat, 20 parts, a ball lower support seat, 21 parts, a ball, 22 parts, a.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
The present invention is described in terms of specific embodiments, and other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein.
Referring to the drawings, the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the present disclosure, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present disclosure can be implemented, so that the present disclosure has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the disclosure of the present disclosure without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present disclosure. Meanwhile, the positional limitation terms used in the present specification are for clarity of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications of the relative relationship therebetween may be regarded as the scope of the present invention without substantial changes in the technical content.
As shown in fig. 1, the structure schematic diagram of the horizontal converter is shown, and the biomass pyrolysis horizontal converter with the bearing and sealing structure is characterized by comprising a converter barrel 1, a front end enclosure 2 arranged at the front end of the barrel and a rear end enclosure 3 arranged at the rear end of the barrel, wherein two ends of the barrel 1 respectively extend into the front end enclosure 2 and the rear end enclosure 3 and are in sealing connection with the front end enclosure 2 and the rear end enclosure 3 in a relatively rotatable manner, a pyrolysis pipe 4 for heating gas to flow through is arranged in the barrel 1, and the bottom of the front end enclosure 2 is communicated with an exhaust pipe 16 for exhausting tail gas; a combustor 10 is arranged at the bottom inside the rear end enclosure 3, and an air blower 11 is further arranged on the rear end enclosure 3 and used for blowing heat energy combusted by the combustor 10 into the pyrolysis tube 4;
a plurality of air outlet holes 8 for extracting gas generated by pyrolysis of biomass materials are formed in the wall surface of the middle of the barrel body 1, which is deviated to the front end, a support barrel 5 is further coated on the periphery of the barrel body at the position where the air outlet holes 8 are formed, and two ends of the support barrel 5 are in sealing connection with the barrel body in a relatively rotating manner; the supporting cylinder 5 is externally connected with an air outlet pipe 13, and an exhaust fan 14 is arranged in the air outlet pipe 13;
a plurality of charcoal outlet holes 9 are formed in the wall surface of the barrel body 1 close to the rear end, charcoal generated by pyrolysis of biomass materials is discharged out of the converter through the charcoal outlet holes 9, the position, where the charcoal outlet holes 9 are formed, of the barrel body is coated in the rear end socket 3, and a charcoal outlet pipe 15 is arranged at the bottom of the rear end socket 3 and used for producing charcoal; specifically, the positions of the left side and the right side of the carbon outlet pipe 15 in the rear end enclosure 3 are respectively provided with a bearing sealing structure, and the bearing sealing structure divides the internal space of the rear end enclosure 3 into a space where a combustor is located and a space where the carbon outlet pipe is located;
the feeding machine is further installed at the axis position of the front end enclosure 2 and comprises a shell and a screw shaft, the screw shaft 7 extends from the outside of the front end enclosure 2 to the position close to an air outlet hole in a horizontal converter barrel, spiral fins are arranged on the screw shaft 7, the shell is provided with a feeding hole 6 towards the upper part outside the front end enclosure, the shell extends into the converter barrel along the axial direction, and the shell is connected with a front end plate of the barrel through a bearing support.
The periphery of the barrel body 1 is further provided with a driving gear 12, and the driving gear 12 is matched with the motor gear to drive the barrel body 1 to rotate slowly.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pyrolysis tube structure of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wall surface around a tube body of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the tube body 1 is composed of a front end plate 1-1, a rear end plate 1-2, an outer peripheral wall 1-4 and a pyrolysis tube 4, a plurality of through holes are formed on the front end plate 1-1 and the rear end plate 1-2, a plurality of pyrolysis tubes are arranged between the front end plate and the rear end plate, the pyrolysis tube 4 connects the through hole of the front end plate 1-1 and the through hole of the rear end plate 1-2 to form a channel for passing heated gas through the pyrolysis furnace, the outer peripheral wall 1-4 is formed in a cylindrical shape to cover the pyrolysis tube 4 inside, and front and rear ends of the outer peripheral wall 1-4 are fixedly connected with the. The center of the front end plate 1-1 is also provided with a feeder mounting hole 1-3 for mounting a feeder shell.
In the invention, a front seal head 2 and a cylinder body 1, a support cylinder 5 and the cylinder body 1 and a rear seal head 3 and the cylinder body 1 are connected by a bearing sealing structure, a view at A in figure 1 is taken as an example to be the connecting position of the bearing sealing structure between the rear seal head 3 and the cylinder body 1, figure 4 is a schematic view of the sealing structure at A in figure 1, and the bearing sealing structure of the invention is explained below by combining figure 4, wherein the bearing sealing structure comprises an outer welding plate 17 and an inner welding plate 18, the outer welding plate 17 is a ring plate with an F-shaped cross section, the inner welding plate 18 is a ring plate with an L-shaped cross section, a plurality of ball upper support seats 19 are arranged between an outer side plate 17-1 and an inner side plate 17-2 of the outer welding plate 17, a plurality of ball lower support seats 20 are arranged at one side of the inner welding plate 18-1 far away from the side plate 18-1, and balls 21 are arranged between the ball upper support seats 19 and the, a main sealing element 22 is arranged on one side, far away from the ball upper support 19, of the inner side plate 17-2 attached to the outer welding plate 17, a sealing tongue obliquely extends towards the side plate 18-1 of the inner welding plate 18, the sealing tongue is in line contact with the side plate 18-1 of the inner welding plate for sealing, a main fastening plate 25 is further arranged on the outer side of the main sealing element 22, the main fastening plate 25 locks the main sealing element 22 on the inner side plate 17-2 of the outer welding plate, an elastic sheet is further arranged on the main fastening plate 25 along the extending direction of the sealing tongue, and the elastic sheet assists the sealing tongue to reset when the sealing tongue excessively deforms; an auxiliary sealing piece 23 is arranged on the upper surface of the inner welding plate 18 and between the side plate 18-1 and the ball lower support seat 20, an auxiliary sealing tongue extends out of one side of the auxiliary sealing piece 23 close to the ball lower support seat 20 and faces to the sealing tongue of the main sealing piece 22, the auxiliary sealing tongue is slightly contacted with the sealing tongue or a micro gap is reserved between the auxiliary sealing tongue and the sealing tongue, the micro gap enables the sealing tongue of the main sealing piece to be contacted with the auxiliary sealing tongue when the sealing tongue is pressed and slightly moved, the outer part of the auxiliary sealing piece 23 is limited on the inner welding plate 18 through an auxiliary fastening plate 24, and the auxiliary fastening plate 24 is provided with an elastic piece along the extending direction of the auxiliary sealing tongue.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes in equivalent structure or equivalent flow, or direct or indirect application to other related fields without creative efforts based on the technical solutions of the present invention may be made within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A biomass pyrolysis horizontal converter with a bearing sealing structure is characterized by comprising a converter barrel, a front end enclosure arranged at the front end of the converter barrel and a rear end enclosure arranged at the rear end of the converter barrel, wherein two ends of the converter barrel respectively extend into the front end enclosure and the rear end enclosure and are in sealing connection with the front end enclosure and the rear end enclosure in a relatively rotating manner, a pyrolysis pipe for heating gas to circulate is arranged in the barrel, and the bottom of the front end enclosure is communicated with an exhaust pipe for exhausting tail gas; the bottom inside the rear end enclosure is provided with a burner, the rear end enclosure is also provided with an air blower, and the air blower is used for blowing heat energy combusted by the burner into the pyrolysis tube;
a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the wall surface of the middle of the converter barrel, which is deviated to the front position, the periphery of the position, where the air outlet holes are formed, of the converter barrel is also coated with a supporting barrel, and two ends of the supporting barrel are in sealing connection with the converter barrel in a relatively rotating manner; the support cylinder is externally connected with an air outlet pipe;
a plurality of carbon outlet holes are formed in the wall surface of the converter barrel close to the rear end, the position of the converter barrel where the carbon outlet holes are formed is covered in the rear end socket, and a carbon outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the rear end socket;
the feeding machine is composed of a shell and a spiral shaft, the spiral shaft extends from the outside of the front end enclosure to a position close to the air outlet hole in the horizontal converter barrel, spiral fins are arranged on the spiral shaft, a feeding hole is formed in the shell towards the upper part outside the front end enclosure, and the shell extends into the converter barrel along the axial direction;
the bearing sealing structure comprises an outer welding plate and an inner welding plate, the outer welding plate is a ring plate with an F-shaped cross section, the inner welding plate is a ring plate with an L-shaped cross section, a plurality of ball upper supporting seats are arranged between the outer side plate and the inner side plate of the outer welding plate, a plurality of ball lower supporting seats are arranged on one side of the inner welding plate away from the side plate, balls are arranged between the ball upper supporting seats and the ball lower supporting seats, a main sealing element is arranged on one side of the inner side plate depending on the outer welding plate away from the ball upper supporting seats, a sealing tongue extends out of the side plate of the inner welding plate in an inclined manner, the sealing tongue is in line contact sealing with the side plate of the inner welding plate, and an auxiliary sealing element is arranged between the side plate on the upper surface of the inner welding plate and the ball lower supporting seats, the auxiliary sealing piece extends from one side close to the lower support seat of the ball to the sealing tongue of the main sealing piece to form an auxiliary sealing tongue, and the auxiliary sealing tongue and the sealing tongue are slightly contacted together or a micro gap is reserved.
2. The horizontal converter for biomass pyrolysis according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder comprises a front end plate, a rear end plate, a peripheral wall and pyrolysis tubes, the front end plate and the rear end plate are provided with a plurality of through holes, a plurality of pyrolysis tubes are arranged between the front end plate and the rear end plate, the pyrolysis tubes are communicated with the through holes of the front end plate and the through holes of the rear end plate to form a passage for heated gas to pass through the pyrolysis furnace, the peripheral wall is enclosed into a cylinder shape to cover the pyrolysis tubes inside, and the front end and the rear end of the peripheral wall are fixedly connected with the front end plate and the rear end plate respectively.
3. The horizontal biomass pyrolysis converter according to claim 1, wherein a main fastening plate is further arranged outside the main sealing element, the main fastening plate locks the main sealing element on the inner side plate of the outer welding plate, and the main fastening plate is further provided with an elastic sheet along the extending direction of the sealing tongue, and the elastic sheet assists the sealing tongue to reset when the sealing tongue is excessively deformed.
4. The horizontal biomass pyrolysis converter according to claim 1, further characterized in that the secondary seal is externally defined on the inner welded plate by a secondary fastening plate, and the secondary fastening plate is provided with an elastic sheet along the extending direction of the secondary seal tongue.
5. The horizontal biomass pyrolysis converter according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust fan is arranged inside the gas outlet pipe.
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| CN202010453345.8A CN111575030B (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Biomass pyrolysis horizontal converter with bearing sealing structure |
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| CN202010453345.8A CN111575030B (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Biomass pyrolysis horizontal converter with bearing sealing structure |
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| CN111575030B true CN111575030B (en) | 2021-05-11 |
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| CN110846055A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-02-28 | 东南大学 | Single-cavity internal heating type rotary furnace biomass carbonization co-production combustible gas device and method |
| CN110791303A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-14 | 华北水利水电大学 | Anaerobic middle-temperature downdraft type pyrolysis device |
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