CN111574894B - 一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111574894B CN111574894B CN202010451910.7A CN202010451910A CN111574894B CN 111574894 B CN111574894 B CN 111574894B CN 202010451910 A CN202010451910 A CN 202010451910A CN 111574894 B CN111574894 B CN 111574894B
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- sugar alcohol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明提供一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，以超细碳酸钙、氧化锌及纳米二氧化钛为主要的遮光成分，在产品中添加水溶性高分子材料成膜剂及抗紫外线助剂，抵抗日灼，防太阳果，不影响光合作用，安全环保；具有耐热，保温、保水、抗老化、抗紫外线等功能；另外在产品中添加镁硼等中微量元素等营养成分、γ‑氨基丁酸，以及独特优选的糖醇复合物，既能提高产品稳定性，又能补充叶片和果实的营养需求，促进作物生长。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，用于农业生产技术领域，具体用于防治夏季高温强光对作物的灼伤，同时补充叶片和果实的营养需求，促进作物生长。
背景技术
植物进行光合作用需要有光照，但是夏季光照过强，含有过量的有害光波（紫外光、远近光、黄光）会对植物叶片、树皮、果皮造成伤害，引起植物生理性病害，被称之为日灼病，主要现象发生在果实或者嫩枝上。在夏季（7-9月份），紫外线强度特别高，果实或者嫩枝被强光照射后，轻者会引起植物生长不良，降低产量和产品品质，重者会引起植物死亡。如苹果、石榴等果实收到日光灼伤在果实表面形成黑褐色灼伤斑点，降低其商品价值。强光高温引起辣椒、黄瓜、香菜等蔬菜叶片的漂白，降低产品和质量，给农业生产造成巨大损失。
目前，市场农民常用的日灼病防治办法有：（1）给植物果实套袋，套袋处理比较费时费工，成本较高；（2）对花卉苗木采取遮阳网遮阴处理，遮阳网处理成本较高、只适用于温室、花园等小范围内使用，在野外大田中的植物难以推广使用；（3）另喷洒一定浓度的石灰乳，但是石灰乳中含有一定量的Ca(OH)2具有一定的腐蚀性，而且透气性查，对植物具有一定的危害。为了解决植物日灼病的发生，一些农业公司开始研制可用于减少植物日灼病发生的防晒剂、保护剂、防晒霜、植物涂白剂等。主要有：（1）以茶枯粉为表面活性剂的植物保护膜：利用茶枯粉结合高级脂肪醇、乳化剂、增稠剂等做成的植物保护膜剂，加水稀释300倍后直接喷洒于植物表面，其成膜机制强，膜结构稳定，均匀性好；（2）利用高岭土为主要成分制备的植物防晒霜，其只要成分是二氧化硅和三氧化铝，化学性质稳定，且在水中具有较好的分散性和一定的粘性，喷洒于植物表面干燥后可以形成白色松散的涂层，可以防止高温强光对植物的灼伤；（3）以二氧化钛和氧化锌为主要成分的防晒保护剂，直接喷洒于植物茎叶、果实中，减少日灼对叶片、果实等器官的伤害。以上的日灼病防治办法取得一定的效果，但是不能给植物提供营养成分促进植物生长。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，既可以防治植物日灼病，又可以给植物生长所需的钙、镁、锌、硼等营养成分的生物防晒剂。
本发明还有一个目的，通过添加γ-氨基丁酸和糖醇复合物，促进植物体内离子的转运效率，提高植物体内关键元素的吸收，从而达到增产提质的效果。
为实现本发明的目的以及其他优点，一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，其特征在于：以超细碳酸钙、氧化锌及纳米二氧化钛为主要遮光成分，水溶性高分子材料为成膜剂，添加镁硼等中微量元素等营养成分、γ-氨基丁酸、抗紫外线助剂、糖醇复合物、消泡剂、分散剂等制备而成的生物防晒剂；
以上各组分的重量百分比含量为：
其制备工艺具体包括：
步骤一：将成膜剂进行预处理：取上述重量份的成膜剂与水混合，加热至90-100℃煮20min，不断搅拌，煮成糊状；
步骤二：将上述重量份比取糖醇复合物、抗紫外线助剂、纳米二氧化钛或氧化锌、γ-氨基丁酸、碳酸钙、硫酸镁或碳酸镁、硼酸或硼砂或四水硼酸钠、分散剂、消泡剂加入预处理的成膜剂中，在1000-5000r/min的转速下搅拌30-60min使其全部混合均匀，得到一种悬浮乳液状的生物防晒剂。
优选的是，所述的一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述成膜剂为改性淀粉、聚醋酸乙烯酯、壳聚糖、聚乙烯醇、聚羟基丁酸酯中两种或两种以上混合而成。
优选的是，所述的一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述糖醇复合物为山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇、甘露糖醇、木糖醇、树胶糖醇、寡糖、壳寡糖、褐藻寡糖中的三种以上混合而成。
优选的是；所述的一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述抗紫外线助剂为水杨酸钠。
本发明至少包括以下有益效果：
第一、本发明的生物防晒剂同时含有二氧化钛、抗紫外线助剂，既能给植物遮光，又能减少紫外线的吸收，抵抗日灼，防太阳果，不影响光合作用，安全环保功效等功能；本发明的生物防晒剂含有复合糖醇，可以提高产品的稳定性，喷洒覆盖与作物表面具有具有耐热，保温、保水、抗老化等功能；
第二、本发明的生物防晒剂含有γ-氨基丁酸、镁硼等中微量元素；γ-氨基丁酸是一种潜在的植物离子转运调节剂，与复合糖醇共同作用促进作物对生物防晒剂中镁硼等中微量元素的吸收，促进作物生长，提高作物产量与品质。
本发明的其他优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现，部分还通过本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
具体实施方式
下面实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
实施例1
一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂包括以下重量份比的组分：
其制备工艺具体包括：
步骤一：将成膜剂进行预处理：取上述重量份的成膜剂与水混合，加热至100℃煮20min，不断搅拌，煮成糊状；
步骤二：将上述重量份比取糖醇复合物、抗紫外线助剂、纳米二氧化钛、γ-氨基丁酸、碳酸钙、硫酸镁、硼酸、分散剂、消泡剂加入预处理的成膜剂中，在5000r/min的转速下搅拌60min使其全部混合均匀，得到一种悬浮乳液态的生物防晒剂。
优选的是，所述的一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述成膜剂为改性淀粉、聚醋酸乙烯酯混合而成。
优选的是，所述的一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述糖醇复合物为山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇、壳寡糖、褐藻寡糖按重量比为1:1:1:1混合而成。
实施例2
一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂包括以下重量份比的组分：
其制备工艺具体包括：
步骤一：将成膜剂进行预处理：取上述重量份的成膜剂与水混合，加热至95℃煮20min，不断搅拌，煮成糊状；
步骤二：将上述重量份比取糖醇复合物、抗紫外线助剂、纳米二氧化钛、γ-氨基丁酸、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、硼砂、分散剂、消泡剂加入预处理的成膜剂中，在3000r/min的转速下搅拌45min使其全部混合均匀，得到一种悬浮乳液状的生物防晒剂。
优选的是，所述的一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述成膜剂为聚醋酸乙烯酯、壳聚糖按重量比2:1混合而成。
优选的是，所述的一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述糖醇复合物为甘露糖醇、木糖醇、寡糖、壳寡糖、褐藻寡糖按2:1:1:1:1混合而成。
实施例3
一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂包括以下重量份比的组分：
其制备工艺具体包括：
步骤一：将成膜剂进行预处理：取上述重量份的成膜剂与水混合，加热至90℃煮20min，不断搅拌，煮成糊状；
步骤二：将上述重量份比取糖醇复合物、抗紫外线助剂、纳米二氧化钛、γ-氨基丁酸、碳酸钙、硫酸镁、四水硼酸钠、分散剂、消泡剂加入预处理的成膜剂中，在2000r/min的转速下搅拌30min使其全部混合均匀，得到一种悬浮乳液状的生物防晒剂。
优选的是，所述的一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述成膜剂为改性淀粉、壳聚糖按1:1比例混合而成。
优选的是，所述的一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述糖醇复合物为山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇、木糖醇、褐藻寡糖按1:2:1:1的比例混合而成。
对比实验
按照等量设计原则在柑橘基地做实验，以200m2作为一个小试验田，以实施例1-3制得的生物防晒剂为实验组，市场上以二氧化钛为主要成分的防晒剂为对照组，以不喷防晒剂为空白组，共5个。在6月将实验组得到的生物防晒剂兑水稀释30倍后叶面喷施，每隔10-15天喷施一次，共10次。对照组的防晒剂施方法同上，空白组喷施清水。
实验结果：
喷施本发明实施例1-3制得的生物防晒后，柑橘的叶片相对于对照组和空白组，对比植株的叶片更为嫩绿健康，其果实较大，目测观察差异很大；喷施本发明实施例1-3制得的生物防晒剂后产量相对于对照组高15%-25%；比空白组高26%-37%。试验证明本发明制得的生物防晒剂即具有防晒又可以促进作物的生长，提高作物的产量与品质。
尽管本发明的实施方案已经公布如上，但其不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，他完全可以被使用与各种本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可以容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里展示与描述的图例和实施例。
Claims (2)
1.一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂，其特征在于：以超细碳酸钙、氧化锌及纳米二氧化钛为主要的遮光成分，水溶性高分子材料为成膜剂，添加中微量元素镁硼、γ-氨基丁酸、抗紫外线助剂、糖醇复合物、消泡剂、分散剂制备而成的生物防晒剂；所述成膜剂为改性淀粉、聚醋酸乙烯酯、壳聚糖、聚乙烯醇、聚羟基丁酸酯中两种或两种以上混合而成；所述糖醇复合物为山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇、甘露糖醇、木糖醇、树胶糖醇、寡糖、壳寡糖、褐藻寡糖中的三种以上混合而成；
以上各组分的重量百分比含量为：氧化锌或纳米二氧化钛8%-12%、成膜剂10%-15%、碳酸钙40%-60%、硫酸镁或碳酸镁1%-5%、硼酸或硼砂或四水硼酸钠2%-5%、γ-氨基丁酸1%-5%、抗紫外线助剂2.5%-5%、糖醇复合物3%-8%、分散剂2%-3%、消泡剂0.5%-2%、水10%-20%；
其制备工艺具体包括：
步骤一：将成膜剂进行预处理：取上述重量百分比的成膜剂与水混合，加热至90-100℃煮20min，不断搅拌，煮成糊状；
步骤二：将上述重量百分比取糖醇复合物、抗紫外线助剂、纳米二氧化钛或氧化锌、γ-氨基丁酸、碳酸钙、硫酸镁或碳酸镁、硼酸或硼砂或四水硼酸钠、分散剂、消泡剂加入预处理的成膜剂中，在1000-5000r/min的转速下搅拌30-60min使其全部混合均匀，得到一种悬浮乳液状的生物防晒剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种能促进植物生长的生物防晒剂，其特征在于：所述抗紫外线助剂为水杨酸钠。
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| CN112167266A (zh) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-05 | 青岛帝保隆微碳农业技术有限公司 | 一种微膜钙水果日灼保护剂及其制备和应用方法 |
| CN112480756A (zh) * | 2020-12-13 | 2021-03-12 | 深圳市壹和生物开发科技有限公司 | 一种柑橘防日灼病的防晒剂及其生产系统 |
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| CN113575253A (zh) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-02 | 广西太美生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种防日灼美果的皮膜钙产品及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN113583518B (zh) * | 2021-08-10 | 2022-08-05 | 佛山市蓝启科技有限公司 | 一种防治水果日灼病的高白度纤维复合膜液及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN114988946A (zh) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-09-02 | 安徽农业大学 | 一种不结球白菜种子耐高温包衣剂及其制备与使用方法 |
| CN116462651A (zh) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-07-21 | 福建农林大学 | 汉麻中萜烯酚酸物质的制备及其在抗紫外辐射中的应用 |
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