CN111572409B - Control method of electric automobile thermal management system - Google Patents

Control method of electric automobile thermal management system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111572409B
CN111572409B CN202010368037.5A CN202010368037A CN111572409B CN 111572409 B CN111572409 B CN 111572409B CN 202010368037 A CN202010368037 A CN 202010368037A CN 111572409 B CN111572409 B CN 111572409B
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opening degree
thermal management
temperature
management system
grid
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CN111572409A (en
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史洋
李秀清
范超
何春芳
罗浩
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/08Air inlets for cooling; Shutters or blinds therefor
    • B60K11/085Air inlets for cooling; Shutters or blinds therefor with adjustable shutters or blinds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545Temperature
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/88Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method of a thermal management system of an electric automobile, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of 1) obtaining known parameters of the thermal management system; 2) determining five grating openings according to known parameters respectively; 3) taking the maximum value of the five grating opening degrees as the grating opening degree, determining a grating position mark and recording the grating position mark as historical data; 4) and circulating the steps 1) to 3), and determining the mark position corresponding to the grating opening according to the historical data. The influence of each parameter of the thermal management system on the opening degree of the air inlet grille is fully considered, the maximum value of the five grille opening degrees is taken as the grille opening degree, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the battery cooling water system is ensured, the opening degree control of the air inlet grille is more in line with the actual requirement of the thermal management system, and the position of the grille opening degree can be positioned more quickly and accurately by the added storage and utilization of historical data.

Description

Control method of electric automobile thermal management system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to a control method of a thermal management system of an electric automobile.
Background
The electric automobile has the advantages that the driving mileage is short, the vehicle power consumption is high, the charging time is long, the low-temperature driving attenuation is the four major pain points complained by users, the complaining of the users is the strong driving force for promoting the development of the new energy vehicle heat management technology, the maturity and industrialization of the existing heat pump air conditioning technology can greatly improve the power consumption of the whole automobile, improve the low-temperature driving and shorten the charging time.
The existing thermal management system of the electric automobile generally exchanges heat between a motor cooling water loop and a heat pump air conditioning system and a battery cooling water loop respectively to heat or cool a battery pack. The motor cooling water loop is connected with a motor water pump for driving cooling water to circulate and a radiator for air-cooling heat exchange with air; the heat pump air conditioning system is also connected with an air cooling heat exchange device. Control of the active intake grill, the electric motor water pump, and the fan is critical to control of the battery temperature.
The active air intake grille control mode at present mainly comprises the following steps: placing the square battery core in a battery box body, and connecting the square battery core with a battery controller through a temperature sensor signal wire harness; the battery controller carries out comprehensive judgment according to the temperature of cooling liquid in the vehicle cooling system, the ambient temperature and signals transmitted by the vehicle speed sensor, and controls the opening and closing of the fan and the air inlet grille, so that the efficient heat dissipation of the power battery is realized, and the safety of the electric vehicle is guaranteed. The control method of the active air inlet grille fully considers the environment temperature, the temperature of a vehicle cooling system and the vehicle speed, and then controls the fan and the air inlet grille to dissipate heat of the battery. However, the thermal management of the three-electric system of the whole new energy vehicle is not considered, and particularly, the influence of the motor temperature, the charger temperature and other limit temperatures on the active air inlet grille is not considered, so that the heat dissipation of the whole vehicle is influenced, and the vehicle performance is greatly influenced. The control accuracy is reduced due to the fact that abrasion occurs after the opening degree control gear of the active air inlet grille runs for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a control method of a thermal management system of an electric automobile, which fully considers the influence of each parameter of the thermal management system on the opening degree of an air inlet grille, so that the opening degree of the air inlet grille is more in line with the actual requirement, and the heating and cooling capacity of the whole thermal management system is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for controlling a thermal management system of an electric vehicle, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) acquiring ambient temperature, vehicle speed, motor cooling water temperature, fan duty ratio, heat pump air intake and system abnormal signals;
(2) determining a first grid opening degree according to the ambient temperature, determining a second grid opening degree according to the vehicle speed, determining a third grid opening degree according to the motor cooling water temperature, comprehensively determining a fourth grid opening degree according to the vehicle speed and the fan duty ratio, and determining a fifth grid opening degree according to the system abnormal signal;
(3) taking the maximum value of the five grid opening degrees as the grid opening degree, determining a grid position mark under the current grid opening degree by a grid motor, and storing the relation between the grid opening degree and the grid position mark as historical data;
(4) repeating the steps (1) to (3) every other calculation period, and if the grating opening obtained in the next calculation period is repeated, determining the grating position mark according to the historical data.
Further, in the step (2), when the ambient temperature is greater than the critical ambient temperature, the opening degree of the first grille is fully opened, otherwise, the first grille is fully closed.
Further, in the step (2), when the vehicle speed is less than the critical vehicle speed, the opening degree of the second grille is fully opened, otherwise, the opening degree of the second grille is fully closed.
Further, in the step (2), when the motor cooling water temperature is greater than the critical water temperature lower limit value and less than or equal to the motor cooling water temperature upper limit value, a plurality of gears are sequentially set from full-closed to full-open according to the rising of the motor cooling water temperature.
Further, along with the rising of the cooling water temperature of the motor, the opening degree of a water pump of the motor, the opening degree of the grille and the duty ratio of the fan are sequentially increased.
Further, in the step (2), when the vehicle speed is between the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the critical vehicle speed and the fan duty ratio is between the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the critical rotation speed, the fourth grid opening degree sets a plurality of gears in sequence from full-closed to full-open as the vehicle speed decreases and the fan duty ratio increases.
Further, when a system abnormal signal occurs, the opening degree of the grating is fully opened.
Further, the system anomaly signals include a thermal management system component temperature anomaly and a thermal management system component fault, the thermal management component temperature anomaly including a component temperature exceeding a critical temperature and a component temperature signal loss.
Further, in step (3), the grid positions are marked by the tooth numbers of the corresponding gears.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the influence of each parameter of the thermal management system on the opening degree of the air inlet grille is fully considered, the opening degrees of the five grills are respectively determined according to the relationship between each parameter and the opening degree of the grille, and the maximum value of the opening degrees is taken as the opening degree of the grille, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the battery cooling water system is ensured, the opening degree control of the air inlet grille is more in line with the actual requirement of the thermal management system, and the position of the opening degree of the grille can be positioned more quickly and accurately by the added memory and utilization of historical data.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below to facilitate a clearer understanding of the invention, but they are not intended to limit the invention.
A control method of a thermal management system of an electric automobile comprises the following steps:
1. acquiring ambient temperature, vehicle speed, motor cooling water temperature, fan duty ratio, heat pump air intake and system abnormal signals;
2. determining a first grid opening degree according to the ambient temperature, determining a second grid opening degree according to the vehicle speed, determining a third grid opening degree according to the motor cooling water temperature, comprehensively determining a fourth grid opening degree according to the vehicle speed and the fan duty ratio, and determining a fifth grid opening degree according to the system abnormal signal;
when the environment temperature is higher than the critical environment temperature by 40 ℃, the opening degree of the first grating is fully opened, otherwise, the first grating is fully closed. And when the vehicle speed is less than the critical vehicle speed by 20KM/h, the opening degree of the second grille is fully opened, otherwise, the second grille is fully closed. Since the temperature of the battery is rapidly increased after the ambient temperature exceeds the critical temperature, the battery is cooled down urgently, and thus the opening degree of the grill is fully opened. In addition, when the traveling speed is low, the amount of intake air to the grill is insufficient, and therefore, it is necessary to increase the amount of intake air by fully opening the grill.
When the motor cooling water temperature is greater than the critical water temperature lower limit value of 37 ℃ and less than or equal to the motor cooling water temperature upper limit value of 60 ℃, along with the rising of the motor cooling water temperature, the opening degree of a motor water pump, the opening degree of a third grille and the duty ratio of a fan are sequentially set into three gears from full closing to full opening. Wherein, the opening of the motor water pump is 60%, 80% and 100% in sequence when the cooling water temperature of the motor is respectively 37 ℃, 43 ℃ and 50 ℃; the opening degree of the third grating is 50%, 60% and 100% in sequence when the cooling water temperature of the motor is 47 ℃, 51 ℃ and 54 ℃ respectively; the duty ratio of the fan is 30%, 50% and 80% when the cooling water temperature of the motor is 52 ℃, 56 ℃ and 60 ℃. Therefore, as the cooling water temperature of the motor rises, the cooling requirement of the motor is gradually increased, and the cooling capacities of the motor water pump, the grille and the fan are sequentially enhanced, when the cooling water temperature of the motor is lower, the opening degree of the motor water pump is increased, then the opening degree of the third grille is increased, and finally the duty ratio of the fan is increased. Therefore, energy consumption waste caused by the fact that the motor water pump, the grille and the fan are all started at the same time is avoided, and power consumption is saved.
When the vehicle speed is between the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the critical vehicle speed and the fan duty ratio is between the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the critical rotating speed, the fourth grid opening degree is sequentially provided with a plurality of gears from full-closed to full-open along with the reduction of the vehicle speed and the increase of the fan duty ratio. In addition, the air intake of the radiator of the heat pump air-conditioning system can be obtained according to the table look-up 1 of the opening degree of the fourth grille, the vehicle speed and the duty ratio of the fan.
Figure GDA0003269289690000041
Figure GDA0003269289690000051
When a system abnormal signal occurs, the opening degree of the grating is fully opened. The system anomaly signals include thermal management system component temperatures exceeding a critical temperature, component temperature loss, and thermal management system component failures.
3. Taking the maximum value of the five grid opening degrees as the grid opening degree, determining a grid position mark under the current grid opening degree by a grid motor, and storing the relation between the grid opening degree and the grid position mark as historical data; the grid position is marked by the tooth serial number of the corresponding positioning gear.
4. And (3) repeating the steps (1) to (3) every other calculation period, if the grating opening obtained in the next calculation period is repeated, determining the grating position mark through historical data, determining the grating position without searching the corresponding relation between the grating opening and the grating position mark, and preventing the positioning gear from being abraded after multiple operations to cause inaccurate positioning.
The control method fully considers the influence of each parameter of the thermal management system on the opening degree of the air inlet grille, respectively determines the opening degrees of the five grills according to the relationship between each parameter and the opening degrees of the grills, and takes the maximum value as the opening degree of the grille, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the battery cooling water system is ensured, the opening degree control of the air inlet grille is more in line with the actual requirement of the thermal management system, and the position of the opening degree of the grille can be positioned more quickly and accurately by the added memory and utilization of historical data.

Claims (7)

1. The control method of the thermal management system of the electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) acquiring ambient temperature, vehicle speed, motor cooling water temperature, fan duty ratio, heat pump air intake and system abnormal signals;
(2) determining a first grid opening degree according to the ambient temperature, determining a second grid opening degree according to the vehicle speed, determining a third grid opening degree according to the motor cooling water temperature, comprehensively determining a fourth grid opening degree according to the vehicle speed and the fan duty ratio, and determining a fifth grid opening degree according to the system abnormal signal;
when the temperature of the motor cooling water is greater than the critical water temperature limit value of 37 ℃ and less than or equal to the motor cooling water temperature upper limit value of 60 ℃, the opening degree of a motor water pump, the opening degree of a third grille and the duty ratio of a fan are sequentially increased along with the rising of the temperature of the motor cooling water, and the opening degrees of the motor water pump are sequentially 60%, 80% and 100% when the temperature of the motor cooling water is respectively 37 ℃, 43 ℃ and 50 ℃; the opening degree of the third grating is 50%, 60% and 100% in sequence when the cooling water temperature of the motor is 47 ℃, 51 ℃ and 54 ℃ respectively; when the cooling water temperature of the motor is respectively 52 ℃, 56 ℃ and 60 ℃, the duty ratio of the fan is sequentially 30%, 50% and 80%, when the cooling water temperature of the motor is lower, the opening degree of a water pump of the motor is increased, the opening degree of a third grid is increased, and finally the duty ratio of the fan is increased, so that the energy consumption waste caused by the simultaneous and complete opening of the water pump of the motor, the grid and the fan is avoided, and the power consumption is saved;
(3) taking the maximum value of the five grid opening degrees as the grid opening degree, determining a grid position mark under the current grid opening degree by a grid motor, and storing the relation between the grid opening degree and the grid position mark as historical data;
(4) repeating the steps (1) to (3) every other calculation period, and if the grating opening obtained in the next calculation period is repeated, determining the grating position mark according to the historical data.
2. The control method of the thermal management system of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), when the environmental temperature is higher than the critical environmental temperature, the opening degree of the first grating is fully opened, otherwise, the first grating is fully closed.
3. The control method of the thermal management system of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), when the vehicle speed is less than the critical vehicle speed, the opening degree of the second grating is fully opened, otherwise, the opening degree of the second grating is fully closed.
4. The control method of the thermal management system of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), when the vehicle speed is between the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the critical vehicle speed and the fan duty ratio is between the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the critical rotating speed, a plurality of gears are sequentially arranged from full-closed to full-open according to the reduction of the vehicle speed and the increase of the fan duty ratio.
5. The control method of the thermal management system of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: when a system abnormal signal occurs, the opening degree of the grating is fully opened.
6. The control method of the thermal management system of the electric automobile according to claim 5, characterized in that: the system anomaly signals include a thermal management system component temperature anomaly and a thermal management system component fault, the thermal management component temperature anomaly including a component temperature exceeding a threshold temperature and a component temperature signal loss.
7. The control method of the thermal management system of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the grid position is marked by the tooth serial number of the corresponding gear.
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CN112277630B (en) * 2020-10-29 2022-05-13 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Control method, device and equipment for air inlet grille and vehicle
CN112331962B (en) * 2020-11-04 2022-02-01 烟台创为新能源科技股份有限公司 Control method for water pump in battery temperature control system
CN112537197B (en) * 2020-12-15 2022-02-22 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Control method, device and equipment of active air inlet grille and storage medium
CN112757893A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-05-07 长城汽车股份有限公司 Vehicle grille control method, medium, equipment and vehicle
CN112848879B (en) * 2021-02-05 2022-07-05 长城汽车股份有限公司 Vehicle heat dissipation method, storage medium and vehicle
CN113588288B (en) * 2021-07-30 2022-06-14 吉林大学 Transient air supply simulation system for automobile bench test and control method
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