CN110588440B - Remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning - Google Patents
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- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning, and belongs to the field of automobile batteries. Aiming at the problems of untimely or early refrigeration of the conventional power battery and influence on the service life and the use safety of the battery, the invention provides a method, which is used for obtaining the current running working condition based on navigation data or obtaining a typical working condition based on big data analysis, and acquiring the data of the current working condition to be compared and matched with the typical working condition to obtain the predicted running working condition; and performing refrigeration management according to the temperature of the battery obtained by the background, such as closing a refrigeration relay in advance to cool the battery or disconnecting the refrigeration relay after the temperature of the battery is reduced. The invention can timely turn on and off the refrigeration operation in the driving process of the vehicle according to the navigation or big data analysis result, and can reduce unnecessary power loss and the problem of battery safety caused by insufficient refrigeration to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring that the battery temperature is prevented from being overhigh.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile batteries, in particular to a remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning.
Background
The power battery is a power source for providing power source for the tool, and is a storage battery for providing power for electric automobiles, electric trains, electric bicycles and golf carts. The power battery is a device for converting chemical energy into electric energy, and can replace gasoline and diesel oil to be used as a running power supply of an electric automobile or an electric bicycle in the future, and has the characteristics of super-long service life, generally 5-10 years of service life, support of quick charge and discharge, high temperature resistance, large capacity, small size, light weight, safety in use and the like. The power battery is also an environment-friendly green power supply, does not use any toxic substances such as mercury, chromium, lead and the like, and has no pollution to the environment.
The conversion process of the power battery is a complex physical and chemical reaction process, and the temperature rise of the conversion process directly influences the conversion efficiency and the safety and the service life of the battery. Therefore, for the refrigeration management of the power battery, the influence on the service life and the driving experience caused by overhigh temperature of the battery can be effectively avoided.
The main refrigeration is the measure of fan refrigeration, which is limited by the requirements of cost and the like. The main strategies of the existing fan refrigeration are as follows: and when the highest temperature of the battery is higher than a certain value, starting the fan for refrigeration, and when the temperature of the battery is lower than a certain value, stopping the fan for refrigeration. The main problem of the method is limited by the influence of the power of the fan on cooling, the later cooling starting may result in the failure of timely reducing the temperature of the battery, and finally the power reduction of the battery and even the influence on the service life of the battery may be caused, or the power loss caused by the early cooling starting is caused.
Chinese patent application No. CN201910024138.8, published 2019, 7-23, discloses a predictive battery thermal management system, a vehicle comprising a traction battery and a battery cooling system arranged to cool said battery. A controller of the vehicle is programmed to activate the battery cooling system to cool the battery in response to the current of the battery exceeding a current threshold and the temperature of the battery being less than a threshold temperature. The invention carries out predictive planning on battery cooling, the planning obtains cooling capacity based on the capacity of a cooler and further converts the cooling capacity into a current threshold value for cooling and starting the battery, but the working condition of subsequent automobile driving is not considered, the judgment is carried out only according to the current, if the current of the subsequent automobile is obviously reduced, the temperature of the battery is bound to slow down the rising and even drop, and unnecessary refrigeration loss can be caused. The method is based on path planning, the subsequent running working conditions are fully considered, the current temperature is judged, the change of the subsequent running temperature is fully considered, even if the current temperature is higher, refrigeration cannot be started if the temperature rise of the subsequent working conditions is smaller or even lower, and unnecessary energy loss is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems of untimely or early refrigeration of the conventional power battery and influence on the service life and the use safety of the battery, the invention provides a remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning, which can timely turn on and off a refrigeration fan in the driving process of a vehicle, and can reduce unnecessary power loss to the maximum extent and solve the problems of battery safety caused by insufficient refrigeration on the premise of ensuring that the temperature of the battery is prevented from being overhigh.
2. Technical scheme
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning is characterized in that a system calculates current parameters of current working conditions, matches the current parameters with known working conditions, and performs refrigeration management according to the current working condition battery temperature and the trend of the matched working condition battery temperature.
Further, the method comprises the following specific steps:
the system judges typical working conditions according to navigation data received from the current working conditions to obtain average current or vehicle speed in the driving process; analyzing the data of the current running vehicle according to the previous 10 minutes of the current running vehicle without navigation data under the current working condition, extracting current parameters, comparing the current parameters with background known working condition data, and judging that the current running vehicle carries out the typical working condition if the current parameters are matched;
the system analyzes the temperature of the current working condition according to the typical working condition data and carries out refrigeration management; and simultaneously, comparing the current parameters of the current working condition with the current parameters of the typical working condition every 2 minutes, if the current parameters of the current working condition and the current parameters of the typical working condition are not matched any more, determining that the working condition is changed, exiting the current refrigeration management strategy, and judging the matching of the working condition again.
According to the current remote refrigeration management method, when navigation data exist, the average current or vehicle speed parameter of a running route is directly obtained from big data according to the route of the navigation data, and the subsequent battery temperature trend is judged according to the matching of the obtained parameter and the background working condition, so that refrigeration management is performed. If the current driving route has no navigation data, extracting current parameters of the current driving in the previous 10 minutes to match with the existing working conditions of the background, judging the current form of the typical working conditions if the current parameter variables meet the matching requirements, and performing refrigeration management according to the current battery temperature and the battery temperature trend matched with the typical working conditions.
Furthermore, the current operating condition is matched with the typical operating condition, and the temperature selection strategy for fan turning on and off in the system refrigeration management is as follows:
if the temperature difference between the current battery temperature and the alarm threshold value of the overhigh temperature in the controller ECU is less than 5 ℃, directly turning on a fan;
if the temperature difference between the current battery temperature and the alarm threshold value of the overhigh temperature in the controller ECU is more than 5 ℃ and less than 10 ℃, analyzing the temperature rise of the subsequent batteries according to the matched typical working condition trend, and turning on a fan;
if the temperature difference between the current battery temperature and the alarm threshold value of the overhigh temperature in the controller ECU is more than 10 ℃, no operation is performed;
and if the temperature difference between the current battery temperature and the alarm threshold value of the overhigh temperature in the controller ECU is smaller than the follow-up temperature rise matched with the typical working condition, the fan is closed. And after the current working condition is matched with the typical working condition, performing refrigeration management according to the comparison between the current battery temperature and the over-temperature alarm threshold value in the controller ECU.
Furthermore, the current working condition is not matched with the typical working condition, the battery management system BMS uses a self-contained refrigeration scheme, the current battery temperature is more than or equal to the threshold value of the over-temperature alarm in the controller ECU, the fan is turned on, and the current battery temperature is less than the threshold value of the over-temperature alarm in the controller ECU, and the fan is turned off. If no navigation data and no working condition which can be matched exist in the current driving process, the refrigeration system does not process the navigation data, and the battery management system BMS uses a self-contained refrigeration scheme to manage according to the temperature of the battery, namely, the battery starts to refrigerate or stops refrigerating after the temperature of the battery reaches a set value.
Further, the current parameters include current median, current mean, current rms, and current standard deviation. The electric vehicle is driven by electric energy discharge converted from chemical energy of a power battery, current and vehicle speed in the driving process can represent the driving condition of the electric vehicle, but the BMS generally cannot acquire a vehicle speed signal, so that the refrigeration management method selects battery current parameters to judge a driving curve.
Further, the current parameters are matched to compare the current parameters of the current working condition with the current parameters of the typical working condition, and the deviation of three parameters of the four parameters is within 15%. Three parameters of the current median, the current average value, the current root mean square value and the current standard deviation in the current parameters of the current working condition are within 15% of the deviation of the current parameters with the typical working condition, namely the current parameters are judged to be matched.
Further, the typical conditions in the system are selected as follows:
the system judges the driving data of more than 20 minutes as effective working conditions and stores the effective working condition data;
the system carries out repeated inspection on effective working conditions within 1.5 hours, current parameters are matched, the total driving time deviation is within 15%, working condition matching is judged, the occurrence frequency of the mutually matched working conditions in the month is less than two times, and accidental data are judged to be discarded;
the system compares the effective working condition for more than 1.5 hours with the data of the last six months in the background, and if the current parameters are matched, the system judges the working condition as an infrequent working condition; if the infrequent working condition is the undetermined working condition, the undetermined working condition is a working condition which is more than 1.5 hours and only occurs once, and the infrequent working condition is moved to the frequently-used working condition; in order to prevent the system data volume from being too large, the working conditions of the background are sorted every month, and undetermined working conditions before six months or common working conditions which do not appear in the current month are deleted.
Furthermore, the condition matching also comprises that the deviation of the total running time is within 15%. When the current working condition and the typical working condition are matched in a comparison mode, the total running time deviation is required to be within 15% in addition to the matching current parameter. Similarly, in the selection of the typical working conditions, the matching of the working conditions comprises the matching of the running time besides the matching of the current parameters, and the running matching is judged when the deviation of the running time is within 15%.
Further, the valid operating condition data includes battery current, battery state of charge, SOC, battery maximum temperature, and battery minimum temperature. The SOC of the battery, namely, state of charge, is a ratio of a remaining capacity of the battery after the battery is used for a period of time or left unused for a long time to a capacity of a full charge state of the battery, and is expressed by a common percentage, wherein the SOC ranges from 0 to 1, indicates that the battery is completely discharged when the SOC is 0, and indicates that the battery is completely charged when the SOC is 1. And storing the current value, the SOC and the battery temperature in the effective working condition data, and performing refrigeration management according to the temperature data in the working conditions after matching with the typical working conditions.
Furthermore, the refrigeration mode in the system refrigeration management also comprises liquid cooling. The liquid cooling refrigeration and the air cooling refrigeration are the same in nature, only the liquid cooling utilizes circulating liquid to carry the heat of the battery to the heat exchanger from the water cooling block and then distribute the heat, the main characteristics of the liquid cooling are that the heat of the battery is balanced and the work with low noise is balanced, the specific heat capacity of water is very large, a large amount of heat can be absorbed and the temperature can not be obviously changed, the temperature of the battery in a liquid cooling system can be well controlled, sudden operation can not cause the instantaneous and large change of the internal temperature of the battery, the surface area of the heat exchanger is very large, only a fan with low rotating speed is needed to dissipate heat, the effect of no mistake can be achieved, most of the liquid cooling are matched with fans with low rotating speed, in addition, the working noise of the water pump is not obvious, and the whole refrigeration system is quiet compared with.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention provides a travel condition prediction method by utilizing travel planning analysis, which judges whether refrigeration is needed or not according to the predicted condition, and if so, sends a command of closing a refrigeration relay to a controller ECU for refrigeration management. Compared with the prior art, the invention can carry out more reasonable refrigeration management according to the working condition, and reduce the unnecessary refrigeration loss or the problem of battery safety caused by insufficient refrigeration;
(2) because the running conditions of the vehicles cannot be completely consistent, two comparison standards are selected in the invention: current and time. For current, the method is mainly measured by four parameters, namely a current median value, a current average value, a current root mean square value and a current standard deviation, and when the difference between three parameters and a stored working condition is within 15%, the current trend changes consistently. Regarding time, the invention considers from the angle of total time, when the difference between the total time and the total time of the existing working condition is within 15%, noise data can be effectively filtered;
(3) during refrigeration, the judgment is carried out according to the temperature change of the next working condition, and the refrigeration management system is selected to be started, so that the insufficient refrigeration caused by too late refrigeration starting can be avoided, and the unnecessary refrigeration power loss caused by too early refrigeration starting can be reduced;
(4) the invention stores the working condition in the system background, and carries out the principle of one iteration for 6 months, thereby not only ensuring the coverage of the working condition, but also avoiding the overstaffed background data and the serious resource consumption caused by excessive working condition data storage due to more vehicles and long time needing to be managed by the background.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a current comparison curve of the present operating condition and the present operating condition during the whole driving process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison curve of curves of the existing working condition and the current working condition in the previous 5 minutes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the remote strategy during driving of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exemplary driving condition addition process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Examples
A remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning is disclosed, as shown in figure 1, a system collects driving data of a month, analyzes battery discharge data of the month according to big data, adds or deletes typical driving conditions in a background, and extracts driving data with driving time more than 20 minutes from the collected data as effective conditions. And calculating current parameters in effective working conditions, wherein the current parameters comprise a current median, a current average value, a current root mean square value and a current standard deviation, and comparing and matching the current median, the current average value, the current root mean square value and the current standard deviation of different working conditions, so that the working conditions are combined, and a typical driving working condition of about one month is obtained. Wherein, the deviation of at least three parameters in the four parameters of the current within 15 percent is regarded as the same working condition. The system detects whether the background has similar working conditions, and if not, the working condition is added as a new typical driving working condition; and saving effective working condition data of the working conditions, wherein the effective working condition data comprises battery current, battery state of charge (SOC), battery highest temperature and battery lowest temperature.
The system extracts the discharging data of the previous 10 minutes of the current working condition, judges whether the background has similar typical working conditions matched with the discharging data, if so, carries out refrigeration management on the current working condition according to the current and temperature data of the matched typical working conditions, and if not, uses a BMS (battery management system) self-contained program to carry out refrigeration management.
The system carries out repeated inspection on effective working conditions within 1.5 hours, current parameters are matched, the total driving time deviation is within 15%, working condition matching is judged, the occurrence frequency of the mutually matched working conditions in the month is less than two times, and accidental data are judged to be discarded;
the system compares the effective working condition for more than 1.5 hours with the data of the last six months in the background, and if the current parameters are matched, the system judges the working condition as an infrequent working condition; if the infrequent working condition is the undetermined working condition, the infrequent working condition is moved to the frequently-used working condition; in order to prevent the system data volume from being too large, the working conditions of the background are sorted every month, and undetermined working conditions before six months or common working conditions which do not appear in the current month are deleted.
As shown in fig. 4, this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
s1, judging typical working conditions by the system according to the navigation data of the current working conditions, and acquiring the average current or the vehicle speed in the driving process;
and S2, analyzing the data of the current running in the previous 10 minutes without navigation data under the current working condition, and extracting current parameters, wherein the current parameters comprise a current median, a current average value, a current root mean square value and a current standard deviation. Comparing and matching the current parameters of the current working condition with the current parameters of the background typical working condition, judging that the current parameters are matched if three parameters of the four parameters have deviation within 15%, and judging that the current driving is carried out under the typical working condition if the current parameters are matched; if the system does not have the matched typical working condition, the system carries out normal driving without remote equalization;
s3, analyzing the temperature of the current working condition by the system according to the typical working condition data, and performing refrigeration management; meanwhile, the current parameters of the current working condition and the current parameters of the typical working condition are compared every 2 minutes, if the current parameters of the current working condition and the current parameters of the typical working condition are not matched any more, the working condition is considered to be changed, the current refrigeration management strategy is quitted, and the matching judgment of the working condition is carried out again;
and S4, the system acquires the current battery temperature, whether large current discharge exists subsequently or not is acquired according to the matched typical working condition, if the large current discharge exists, the battery temperature can be continuously increased, the refrigeration operation is started in advance according to the current battery temperature, and when the temperature is reduced below a safety value, the refrigeration operation is stopped.
The current parameters for the current driving conditions are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The typical operating condition current parameters of the background which have been selected according to the current operating condition are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
The current comparison curve of the existing typical working condition and the current working condition in the whole running process of the embodiment is shown in fig. 2, the deviation of the existing working condition and the current working condition is within 15%, the current working condition is judged to be matched with the existing typical working condition, and the refrigeration management of the current working condition is carried out according to the current parameter and the temperature parameter of the existing typical working condition. In actual matching, the data of the previous 10 minutes of the current working condition is selected as a matching technology, as shown in fig. 3, for a current comparison curve of the existing typical working condition and the current working condition in the previous 5 minutes of the embodiment, it can be seen that the matching degree of the current parameter and the existing typical working condition is high in the previous 5 minutes of the current working condition, and the most suitable typical working condition is not enough to be selected for matching with the current parameter and the existing typical working condition.
At the moment, the maximum temperature of the current battery is 43 ℃ obtained from background data, the alarm threshold value of the battery temperature of the project given by a battery core manufacturer is 50 ℃, and subsequent discharge current analysis of the existing typical working conditions shows that the temperature rise can be caused continuously due to the fact that the average value of the discharge is-22A and a plurality of large currents are discharged, and at the moment, the refrigeration relay needs to be closed to open the refrigeration. And if the maximum temperature of the current battery is 46 ℃ obtained from background data, directly closing a refrigeration relay and opening refrigeration. If the maximum temperature of the current battery is 39 ℃ obtained from background data, the system does not operate. And if the maximum temperature of the current battery is 30 ℃ obtained from background data, judging that the subsequent temperature rise does not exceed 10 ℃ according to the matched typical working condition, and turning off the refrigeration relay to close the refrigeration. The refrigeration mode of the system of the embodiment comprises air cooling or liquid cooling.
If the current working condition is not matched with the typical working condition found in the background, the battery management system BMS uses a self-contained refrigeration scheme to carry out refrigeration management, the refrigeration relay is closed to open refrigeration when the current battery temperature is more than or equal to the threshold value of the temperature overhigh alarm in the controller ECU, and the refrigeration relay is opened to close refrigeration when the current battery temperature is less than the threshold value of the temperature overhigh alarm in the controller ECU.
As an improved scheme of the implementation, when the current working condition is matched with the background typical working condition, the current parameters are matched, the total running time is also matched, if the deviation between the total running time of the current working condition and the total running time of the typical working condition is within 15%, and three deviations among four parameters in the current parameters of the current working condition are within 15%, the working condition matching is judged, and the refrigeration management is carried out on the current working condition according to the current and battery temperature data of the matched typical working condition.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The representation in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the invention, the actual construction is not limited thereto, and any reference signs in the claims shall not limit the claims concerned. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art receives the teachings of the present invention, without inventive design, a similar structure and an embodiment to the above technical solution should be covered by the protection scope of the present patent. Furthermore, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. Several of the elements recited in the product claims may also be implemented by one element in software or hardware. The terms first, second, etc. are used to denote names, but not any particular order.
Claims (8)
1. A remote refrigeration management method based on trip planning is characterized in that a system calculates current parameters of current working conditions, matches the current parameters with known working conditions, and performs refrigeration management according to the current working condition battery temperature and the trend of the battery temperature of the matched working conditions; the method comprises the following specific steps:
the system judges typical working conditions according to navigation data received from the current working conditions to obtain average current or vehicle speed in the driving process; analyzing the data of the current running vehicle according to the previous 10 minutes of the current running vehicle without navigation data under the current working condition, extracting current parameters, comparing the current parameters with background known working condition data, and judging that the current running vehicle carries out the typical working condition if the current parameters are matched;
the system analyzes the temperature of the current working condition according to the typical working condition data and carries out refrigeration management; meanwhile, the current parameters of the current working condition and the current parameters of the typical working condition are compared every 2 minutes, if the current parameters of the current working condition and the current parameters of the typical working condition are not matched any more, the working condition is considered to be changed, the current refrigeration management strategy is quitted, and the matching judgment of the working condition is carried out again;
the current working condition is matched with a typical working condition, and the temperature selection strategy of fan opening and closing in system refrigeration management is as follows:
if the temperature difference between the current battery temperature and the alarm threshold value of the overhigh temperature in the controller ECU is less than 5 ℃, directly turning on a fan;
if the temperature difference between the current battery temperature and the alarm threshold value of the overhigh temperature in the controller ECU is more than 5 ℃ and less than 10 ℃, analyzing the temperature rise of the subsequent batteries according to the matched typical working condition trend, and turning on a fan;
if the temperature difference between the current battery temperature and the alarm threshold value of the overhigh temperature in the controller ECU is more than 10 ℃, no operation is performed;
and if the temperature difference between the current battery temperature and the alarm threshold value of the overhigh temperature in the controller ECU is smaller than the follow-up temperature rise matched with the typical working condition, the fan is closed.
2. A remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning according to claim 1, wherein the current operating condition does not match the typical operating condition, the battery management system BMS uses its own refrigeration scheme, the current battery temperature is greater than or equal to the threshold value of the over-temperature alarm in the controller ECU, the fan is turned on, and the current battery temperature is less than the threshold value of the over-temperature alarm in the controller ECU, the fan is turned off.
3. A remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the current parameters include current median, current average, current root mean square and current standard deviation.
4. A remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning according to claim 3, wherein the current parameters are matched by comparing the current parameters with the typical current parameters, and the deviation of three parameters of the four parameters is within 15%.
5. A remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning according to claim 4, wherein the typical conditions in the system are selected as follows:
the system judges the driving data of more than 20 minutes as effective working conditions and stores the effective working condition data;
the system carries out repeated inspection on effective working conditions within 1.5 hours, current parameters are matched, the total driving time deviation is within 15%, working condition matching is judged, the occurrence frequency of the mutually matched working conditions in the month is less than two times, and accidental data are judged to be discarded;
the system compares the effective working condition for more than 1.5 hours with the data of the last six months in the background, and if the current parameters are matched, the system judges the working condition as an infrequent working condition; if the infrequent working condition is the undetermined working condition, the undetermined working condition is a working condition which is more than 1.5 hours and only occurs once, and the infrequent working condition is shifted to the frequently-used working condition; deleting the undetermined working condition before six months or the common working condition which does not appear in the current month.
6. A remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning according to claim 5, wherein the condition matching further includes that the total travel time deviation is within 15%.
7. The remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning of claim 6, wherein the effective operating condition data includes battery current, battery state of charge (SOC), battery maximum temperature and battery minimum temperature.
8. A remote refrigeration management method based on travel planning as claimed in claim 7, wherein the refrigeration mode in the system refrigeration management further includes liquid cooling.
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