CN111567616A - Strawberry fruit preservation method - Google Patents

Strawberry fruit preservation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111567616A
CN111567616A CN202010424464.0A CN202010424464A CN111567616A CN 111567616 A CN111567616 A CN 111567616A CN 202010424464 A CN202010424464 A CN 202010424464A CN 111567616 A CN111567616 A CN 111567616A
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Prior art keywords
strawberry
fruits
benzyl isothiocyanate
bitc
gray mold
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CN202010424464.0A
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田世平
张占全
李博强
陈彤
徐勇
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Institute of Botany of CAS
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Institute of Botany of CAS
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Priority to CN202010424464.0A priority Critical patent/CN111567616A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
    • A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
    • A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
    • A01N47/46—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides containing —N=C=S groups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/16—Coating with a protective layer; Compositions or apparatus therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preserving picked strawberries. The method comprises the following steps: spraying Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution on the surface of strawberry fruit. The concentration of the BITC solution is 50-200 mug/mL; the spraying amount is 15-25mL per kilogram of strawberry fruits. The detection result of the natural disease incidence of the strawberry fruits shows that the spray treatment of the BITC can effectively inhibit the occurrence of the postharvest disease (strawberry gray mold) of the strawberry fruits.

Description

Strawberry fruit preservation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of storage and preservation of fruits and vegetables, and particularly relates to a preservation method of strawberry fruits.
Background
Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) is a perennial herb of the Rosaceae strawberry, has bright color and unique flavor, and is rich in various nutrient substances such as minerals, dietary fibers, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin PP, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, carotene, tannic acid, anthocyanin, flavone and the like, and particularly, the content of the vitamin C is 7-10 times higher than that of apples and grapes. The strawberry contains rich carotene and vitamin A, can relieve night blindness, has the effects of maintaining epithelial tissue health, improving eyesight, nourishing liver and promoting growth and development, is known as fruit queen, and is popular with consumers. However, since strawberry fruits belong to berry fruits, the fruit peel is fragile, the moisture content is high, and the strawberry fruits are extremely easily damaged by machinery in the harvesting and transportation processes, so that pathogenic fungi are infected, and the strawberry fruits are rotten and deteriorated. Therefore, the short preservation period after harvest becomes a key factor limiting the development of the strawberry industry. The shelf life of the strawberry fruits is prolonged, the commodity value of the strawberries is improved, the problem to be solved urgently in the storage and the preservation of the strawberries is solved, and the research hotspot and difficulty in the field of the storage and the preservation of fruits and vegetables are realized.
Isothiocyanate (ITCs) is an organic sulfur compound with cancer prevention and anticancer effects in cruciferous plants, and has recently received high attention from the nutritional and preventive medical communities. ITCs are found in cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, broccoli, brussels sprouts, and the like, primarily as glucosinolate conjugates. About 100 kinds of ITCs have been found, but ITCs that are frequently exposed in the diet and experimentally confirmed to have an anticancer effect mainly include Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC), Allyl Isothiocyanate (AITC), phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) and Sulforaphane (SFN). BITC is a safe plant source natural product, and no report of the application of BITC in the field of strawberry preservation exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel use of Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC).
The new application of Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) provided by the invention comprises at least one aspect of the following aspects:
1) the application in preventing and treating gray mold;
2) the application in preparing products for preventing and treating gray mold;
3) application in inhibiting Botrytis cinerea is provided.
The gray mold can be caused by Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea).
The gray mold can be strawberry gray mold, grape gray mold, apple gray mold, etc.; further, the strawberry fruit rot after the strawberry is picked can be strawberry gray mold.
The product may be a bactericide.
The botrytis cinerea inhibiting bacteria are specifically represented by the following a) and/b):
a) inhibiting spore germination and hypha growth of Botrytis cinerea;
b) inhibiting the spreading rate of gray mold lesion of strawberry fruit caused by botrytis cinerea.
The invention also aims to provide a method for preventing and controlling the postharvest gray mold of the fruit.
The method for preventing and treating gray mold provided by the invention comprises the following steps: the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution was sprayed onto the fruit surface.
The fruit may be strawberry fruit, grape fruit, apple fruit, etc.
The concentration of benzyl isothiocyanate in the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is 50-200 μ g/mL, and specifically can be 100 μ g/mL.
The Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is obtained by diluting Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) mother liquor with water. The concentration of the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) mother liquor is 0.1-0.2g/mL, and the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol.
The fruits are strawberry fruits, and the spraying amount of the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is 15-25mL (specifically 20 mL) per kilogram of strawberry fruits.
The invention also aims to provide a method for preserving the picked strawberry fruits.
The invention provides a method for preserving picked strawberry fruits, which comprises the following steps: spraying Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution on the surface of strawberry fruit.
The concentration of benzyl isothiocyanate in the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is 50-200 μ g/mL, and specifically can be 100 μ g/mL.
The Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is obtained by diluting Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) mother liquor with water. The concentration of the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) mother liquor is 0.1-0.2g/mL, and the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol.
The spraying amount of the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution is 15-25mL per kilogram of strawberry fruits, and specifically can be 20 mL.
The method also comprises the steps of placing the strawberry fruits after spraying the Benzyl Isothiocyanate (BITC) solution into a sterilized plastic basket, covering a polyethylene freshness protection package outside, and storing at 15-25 ℃.
The BITC has obvious inhibition effect on spore germination and hypha growth of the botrytis cinerea. In the liquid culture medium PDB, 50. mu.g/mL of BITC could completely inhibit germination of Botrytis cinerea spores (FIGS. 1A and B), 50. mu.g/mL on PDA plates had a 42% inhibition rate of colony growth, and 100. mu.g/mL of BITC could completely inhibit colony growth (FIG. 1C). This indicates that BITC has a significant inhibitory effect on the germination and growth of Botrytis cinerea.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the inhibitory effect of BITC on Botrytis cinerea; observing germination conditions of botrytis cinerea spores after BITC treatment; b, counting germination rates of botrytis cinerea spores after the BITC treatment; and C, counting the diameters of the botrytis cinerea colonies after the BITC treatment.
FIG. 2 shows the inhibitory effect of BITC on gray mold of strawberry fruit; the gray mold incidence of strawberry fruits after BITC treatment (3days post infection); and B, counting diameters of gray mold lesions of strawberry fruits after BITC treatment.
FIG. 3 shows the inhibitory effect of BITC on the natural onset of strawberry fruit; the natural morbidity of strawberry fruits after the BITC treatment; and B, counting the natural morbidity of the strawberry fruits after the BITC treatment.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
In the quantitative tests in the following examples, three replicates were set up and the results averaged.
BITC used in the examples was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (cat # 252492)
The strain of the pathogenic bacterium Borrytis cinerea, designated B05.10, was awarded by professor Paul Tudzynski, Minster university, Germany. The following documents are described: segm ü ller N, Kokkelink L, Giesbert S, OddiusD, van Kan JAL, Tudzynski P.2008.NADPH oxidases are involved in dispersed and nutritional in bulk Plant Microbe Interact,21,808-819.
Example 1 strawberry postharvest fruit preservation method based on BITC
1, the method:
1.1 preparing a BITC solution: the BITC was prepared as a 0.1g/mL stock solution with absolute ethanol, and then the stock solution was diluted with distilled water to 10. mu.g/mL, 50. mu.g/mL and 100. mu.g/mL working solutions, respectively.
1.2 detecting the bacteriostatic effect of the BITC:
botrytis cinerea is one of the most major diseases causing decay loss of strawberry fruits, and the inhibition effect of BITC on pathogenic bacteria is detected by taking the pathogenic bacteria of strawberry Botrytis cinerea (called Botrytis cinerea for short) as an example.
1.2.1 spore germination rate detection:
preparing PDA (PoTato Dextrose agar) culture medium with concentration of 10 μ g/mL and 50 μ g/mL by using BITC mother liquor, spreading a layer of sterilized glass paper on the culture medium, and then uniformly spreading 200 μ L of 5 × 10 concentration on the glass paper of each culture medium6A suspension of b.cinerea spores per mL. Thereafter, the germination rate of conidia was measured under an optical microscope at 7 hours and 9 hours after inoculation, 3 visual fields were measured for each treatment concentration, and the inhibition rate of BITC on spore germination was calculated.
1.2.2 colony growth rate assay:
as above, PDA medium plates were prepared with the BITC stock solution at concentrations of 10. mu.g/mL and 50. mu.g/mL, and PDA plates without BITC were used as controls. A bacterial cake with the diameter of 5mm is taken out by a puncher on a PDA plate of the botrytis cinerea cultured for 4 days and inoculated in the center of the PDA plate added with the BITC, then the colony diameter is measured by a cross method every day, and the inhibition rate of the BITC on the colony growth is calculated.
1.3, detecting the gray mold scab of strawberry fruits:
and (3) detecting the inhibition rate of the BITC on the gray mold of the strawberry fruit by a stabbing inoculation method. The concentration of the liquid culture medium is 10 by PDB (Potatodextrose Broth)4A suspension of b.cinerea spores per mL. The waist of the strawberry fruit was punctured (5mm deep) with an inoculating needle, and then 5. mu.L of the prepared Botrytis cinerea suspension was inoculated at the wound. After 1 hour, BITC solutions of different concentrations were injected into the wound and sterilized distilled water was used as a control. Placing the inoculated strawberry fruits into a sterilized plastic basket, covering a polyethylene freshness protection package, and storing at 25 ℃. Then, the diameter of the gray mold lesion is measured every day, and the inhibition rate of BITC on gray mold is calculated by the following formula.
Figure BDA0002498142640000041
R is inhibition rate, D0Control lesion diameter, DB: lesion diameter after BITC treatment
1.4 detecting the natural morbidity of strawberry fruits:
the inhibiting effect of BITC on the natural morbidity of strawberry fruits is detected by a spraying method. The BITC stock solution was diluted with sterile distilled water to 100. mu.g/mL working solution. The BITC solution was uniformly sprayed on the surfaces of the strawberry fruits with a sprayer, the spraying amount being about 20mL per kg of strawberry fruits. And then placing the strawberry fruits in a sterilized plastic basket, coating a polyethylene freshness protection package outside, placing the strawberry fruits at 25 ℃ for storage, observing and counting the incidence of the strawberry fruits every day, and defining the strawberry fruits with obvious mildew spots on the surfaces as the diseased fruits.
2, results:
the BITC has obvious inhibition effect on spore germination and hypha growth of the botrytis cinerea. In the liquid culture medium PDB, 50. mu.g/mL of BITC could completely inhibit germination of Botrytis cinerea spores (FIGS. 1A and B), 50. mu.g/mL on PDA plates had a 42% inhibition rate of colony growth, and 100. mu.g/mL of BITC could completely inhibit colony growth (FIG. 1C). This indicates that BITC has a significant inhibitory effect on the germination and growth of Botrytis cinerea.
The result of a stab inoculation experiment shows that the expansion rate of gray mold spots of strawberry fruits can be effectively inhibited by the BITC treatment. On days 3 and 4 after the strawberry fruits are inoculated with the botrytis cinerea, the inhibition rate of 10 mu g/mL of BITC treatment on the botrytis cinerea of the strawberries is 43 percent and 35 percent respectively, and the inhibition rate of 50 mu g/mL of BITC treatment on the botrytis cinerea of the strawberries reaches 74 percent and 55 percent respectively (figure 2).
The control effect of the BITC treatment on the natural morbidity of the picked strawberry fruits is further detected by a spray treatment method, and the application concentration is 100 mug/mL. The results showed that after 2 and 3days of storage, the natural morbidity of the control group was 55.3% and 82.3%, respectively, and the natural morbidity of the BITC treated group was 13.3% and 46.7% (fig. 3). The inhibition of the natural onset of strawberry fruit by BITC treatment was 75% and 43% after 2 and 3days of storage, respectively (fig. 3). This shows that spray treatment of BITC can effectively inhibit postharvest disease of strawberry fruits.

Claims (10)

1. Use of benzyl isothiocyanate in at least one of the following aspects:
1) the application in preventing and treating gray mold;
2) the application in preparing products for preventing and treating gray mold;
3) application in inhibiting Botrytis cinerea is provided.
2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gray mold is caused by botrytis cinerea;
the gray mold is strawberry gray mold; preferably, the strawberry gray mold of the picked fruits of the strawberries;
the product is a bactericide.
3. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inhibition of botrytis cinerea is now a) and/b) as follows: a) inhibiting spore germination and hypha growth of Botrytis cinerea; b) inhibiting the spreading rate of gray mold lesion of strawberry fruit caused by botrytis cinerea.
4. A method for preventing and treating postharvest gray mold of fruits comprises the following steps: spraying the benzyl isothiocyanate solution on the surface of the fruit.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the fruits are strawberry fruits, grape fruits and apple fruits;
the concentration of the benzyl isothiocyanate in the benzyl isothiocyanate solution is 50-200 mug/mL.
The benzyl isothiocyanate solution is obtained by diluting benzyl isothiocyanate mother liquor with water; the concentration of the benzyl isothiocyanate mother liquor is 0.1-0.2g/mL, and the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the fruits are strawberry fruits, and the spraying amount of the benzyl isothiocyanate solution is 15-25mL per kilogram of strawberry fruits.
7. A method for preserving the picked strawberry fruits comprises the following steps: spraying the benzyl isothiocyanate solution on the surfaces of the strawberry fruits.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the concentration of the benzyl isothiocyanate in the benzyl isothiocyanate solution is 50-200 mug/mL.
The benzyl isothiocyanate solution is obtained by diluting benzyl isothiocyanate mother liquor with water; the concentration of the benzyl isothiocyanate mother liquor is 0.1-0.2g/mL, and the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the spraying amount of the benzyl isothiocyanate solution is 15-25mL per kilogram of strawberry fruits.
10. The method according to any one of claims 7-9, wherein: the method also comprises the steps of placing the strawberry fruits after the benzyl isothiocyanate solution is sprayed into a sterilized plastic basket, covering a polyethylene freshness protection package outside, and storing at 15-25 ℃.
CN202010424464.0A 2020-05-19 2020-05-19 Strawberry fruit preservation method Pending CN111567616A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115462380A (en) * 2022-11-01 2022-12-13 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 Compound preparation containing wuyiencin and application thereof in preventing and treating grape gray mold

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115462380A (en) * 2022-11-01 2022-12-13 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 Compound preparation containing wuyiencin and application thereof in preventing and treating grape gray mold
CN115462380B (en) * 2022-11-01 2023-02-03 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 Compound preparation containing wuyiencin and application thereof in preventing and treating grape gray mold

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