CN114668004B - Application of perillaldehyde in preparation of bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases - Google Patents
Application of perillaldehyde in preparation of bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases Download PDFInfo
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- CN114668004B CN114668004B CN202210196652.1A CN202210196652A CN114668004B CN 114668004 B CN114668004 B CN 114668004B CN 202210196652 A CN202210196652 A CN 202210196652A CN 114668004 B CN114668004 B CN 114668004B
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- perillaldehyde
- botrytis cinerea
- fusarium oxysporum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
Abstract
The invention provides application of a perillaldehyde plant bactericide in preparing a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum. Experiments on the dedicated hyphae of the tomato botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum, spore germination, plant pathogenicity and bacteriostasis mechanism prove that the perillaldehyde has a strong inhibition effect on the dedicated hyphae of the tomato botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum, and can be prepared into a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by the fruit and vegetable botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum. The traditional pesticide has large environmental pollution, high residue and serious threat to food safety. The use of a large amount of bactericide pesticides also leads to the enhancement of the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, and the perillaldehyde serving as a plant source bactericide has the advantages of low toxicity and high efficiency, is suitable for the chemical control requirement of plant diseases, can ensure the high quality of agricultural products and fruits and vegetables, meets the requirement of green environmental protection, and has wide research and market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural biology, and relates to a bactericidal active compound, in particular to application of perillaldehyde in preparing a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum.
Background
Gray mold of tomato is a common disease caused by botrytis cinerea infection and is a common disease on tomatoes. Besides damaging tomatoes, the botrytis cinerea can also damage a plurality of important cash crops such as eggplants, cucumbers, grapes, strawberries and the like, so that gray mold of fruits and vegetables is caused. The disease can occur not only during the season in which the host plant grows but also during the storage of agricultural products, and thus is serious. Especially, in recent years, the large-area popularization of the facility cultivation mode leads to wide infection sources and high transmission speed of the germs, the occurrence of gray mold of fruits and vegetables is more and more serious, and serious economic losses are caused by the occurrence and the popularity of the gray mold of the fruits and the vegetables. The occurrence of gray mold of the northern facility tomatoes is reported to be generally heavier, the economic loss caused by common years can reach 20% -30%, and more than 50% of serious years are even out of harvest.
The pathogen of plant fusarium wilt is fusarium oxysporum, which is a soil-borne pathogenic fungus distributed worldwide, and has wide host range, and can cause the fusarium wilt of more than 100 kinds of melons, solanaceae, bananas, cottons, leguminosae, flowers and the like. After the host is infected by fusarium, symptoms are various, which generally lead to browning of vascular bundles, wilting of plants, rotting of bulbs and roots, weakening of plant growth and the like. Especially, fusarium oxysporum tomato wilt caused by specialization of tomatoes threatens tomato production seriously. Fusarium wilt is also an important fungal soil-borne disease which is harmful to agricultural production in recent years, and has occurred in many areas, especially in the serious areas of crops, and directly affects the crop yield and the economic benefit thereof.
The propagation speed of the botrytis cinerea and the fusarium oxysporum is very high, the number of generated conidium is very large, so that variation is easy to generate drug resistance, and the resistance to various bactericides such as carbamate commonly used in agricultural production is generated at present, so that the prevention effect is reduced, and the usage amount of the medicament is increased continuously. Excessive use of chemical agents not only causes the agricultural product pesticide residue to exceed the standard and harm the physical health of consumers, but also causes environmental pollution, destroys ecological balance and affects the sustainable healthy development of agriculture.
At present, chemical control is the most effective control of plant diseases. However, the use of a large amount of chemical drugs is liable to cause pesticide residue problems and pathogenic fungi drug resistance problems, and causes environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a bactericide which is efficient, low in toxicity, low in residue and environmentally friendly, and to apply it to production practice. The agriculture of China is going to develop towards the sustainable health direction, and the problems of resistance, plant immunity enhancement, safety, high efficiency, good environmental compatibility and the like are solved, so that the agricultural product has become the development direction of bactericide products.
Perillaldehyde, dihydrocumin aldehyde, 4-isopropenylcyclohex-1-ene-1-aldehyde, 1, 8-p-menthadiene-7-aldehyde. The molecular formula: C10H14O, molecular weight: 150.22, CAS:18031-40-8. The molecular structural formula is:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The method is mainly used for perfume, preparing floral essence such as jasmine, narcissus and the like, and is used for cosmetics; the flavoring essence such as lemon, spearmint and spice is used for food.
At present, no report on the special inhibition effect of perillaldehyde on botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum tomatoes exists at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide application of a perillaldehyde plant bactericide in preparing a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum. The toxicity test proves that the perillaldehyde has good inhibition activity on botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum tomato specialization. The perillaldehyde is used as a bactericide, has high efficiency and low toxicity, and is suitable for the chemical control requirement of plant diseases.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the invention provides application of a perillaldehyde plant bactericide in preparing a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum.
Further: the plant pathogenic bacteria are botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum tomato specialization.
Further: the effective use concentration of perillaldehyde in the bactericide is 1.36mM-2.72mM.
Further: the inhibition rate of the perillaldehyde on the growth of the dedicated hyphae of the tomato botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum tomatoes is dose-dependent.
Further: when the concentration of the perillaldehyde in the bactericide is 2.72mM, the inhibition rate of the perillaldehyde on the growth of the mycelium of the botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum dedicated to tomatoes exceeds 93.2%.
Further: the perillaldehyde has dose dependency on the inhibition rate of the botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum tomato specialized spore germination.
Further: when the concentration of the perillaldehyde in the bactericide is 2.72mM, the inhibition rate of the perillaldehyde on the germination of spores specialized for tomato botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum tomatoes reaches 100%.
Further: the perillaldehyde is dose-dependent on the prevention and treatment of plant diseases caused by botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum tomato specialization.
Further: when the concentration of the perillaldehyde in the bactericide is 2.72mM, the prevention and control effect of the perillaldehyde on botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum tomatoes reaches 90%.
Further: the plant is tomato, eggplant, capsicum, cucumber, grape and strawberry.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and technical effects that:
at present, the control of plant pathogenic bacteria mainly depends on pesticides. The variety action mechanism of the pesticide bactericide is single, and the pesticide residue problem exists, which directly threatens the environment and food safety of human beings. Therefore, development of pollution-free and nuisanceless green bactericides has become an important control method in agricultural production. Many green bactericides have been developed in succession and are widely used in production to achieve significant results.
The invention proves that the perillaldehyde has good inhibition activity on plant pathogenic fungi through indoor toxicity measurement. Moreover, the perillaldehyde is a small molecular compound which is pollution-free and environment-friendly, is safe to non-target organisms and people and livestock, can ensure the high quality of agricultural products and fruits and vegetables, meets the requirement of sustainable development, and has wide research and market application prospects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the results of an experiment for inhibiting the growth of Botrytis cinerea hyphae by perillaldehyde in the invention;
FIG. 2 shows the results of an experiment of the growth of the special mycelia of Fusarium oxysporum tomatoes by using perillaldehyde in the invention;
FIG. 3 shows the experimental results of the purple of the invention for inhibiting the germination of botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum tomato specialized conidium;
FIG. 4 is an experimental result of perillaldehyde for preventing and treating gray mold of tomato leaves;
FIG. 5 shows the experimental results of the prevention and treatment of fusarium oxysporum tomato transformed type wilt by perillaldehyde according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
1. Experimental materials
1. Perillaldehyde is purchased from Soilebao corporation and stored at 4 ℃ for later use.
2. In the experiment, plant pathogenic bacteria are stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃, and the adopted culture medium is potato glucose culture medium (PDA for short). PDA culture medium formula: 200g of potato (potato), 20g of glucose, 20g of agar and 1000ml of distilled water, and the natural pH. The preparation method comprises the following steps: cleaning potato, peeling, weighing 200g, cutting into small pieces, adding 1000ml distilled water, boiling for 20min, filtering with four layers of gauze, adding 20g agar according to experiment requirement, adding 20g glucose, stirring, adding water to 1000ml, packaging, sterilizing at 121deg.C for 20min, and cooling.
3. In the experiment, the germination of plant pathogenic bacteria spores and the elongation of bud tubes are measured by adopting a yeast extract peptone glucose culture medium (YPD for short). The formula comprises the following components: 1% Yeastextract, 2% Peptone, 2% Dextrose, glucose. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 10g of yeast extract, 20g of peptone, 20g of glucose and 1000ml of distilled water, and naturally pH. Sterilizing at 121deg.C for 20min, and cooling.
2. Biocontrol experiment of perillaldehyde on botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum
1. Inhibition of perillaldehyde on growth of plant pathogenic bacterial hyphae
The experimental method comprises the following steps: respectively carrying out activation culture on gray mold bacteria and fusarium oxysporum on a PDA plate at 25 ℃ for about 5 days for standby; heating PDA culture medium to dissolve, cooling to 45-50deg.C, adding perillaldehyde with different mass to obtain culture medium containing 0, 0.17, 0.34, 0.68, 1.36 and 2.72mM liquid medicine, respectively, pouring into culture dish, and cooling; a round bacterial cake (with the diameter of 0.60 cm) is picked up by a puncher at the edge of hypha of the activated plant pathogenic bacterial strain (the growth condition is as consistent as possible), then an inoculating needle is used for picking up the center of a drug-containing flat plate, and then a culture dish is inverted and cultured in an incubator (25 ℃).
After treatment, the growth of hyphae is observed and measured in time. After the control plate without drug was substantially full, diameter was measured using the crisscross method and data were processed, inhibition was calculated and photographed. Inhibition (%) = (control newly grown mycelium diameter-treated newly grown mycelium diameter)/control newly grown mycelium diameter x 100. Each treatment was repeated 3 times.
The antibacterial effect of perillaldehyde on the growth of botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum hyphae is shown in figures 1 and 2, and the inhibitory effect of perillaldehyde on two plant pathogenic bacteria is improved to different degrees along with the increase of the concentration of the perillaldehyde. When the concentration of the perillaldehyde is 2.72mM, the growth of botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum tomato specialized hyphae can be obviously inhibited.
Table 1 summarizes the bacteriostatic rate of perillaldehyde against the growth of hyphae of two plant pathogenic bacteria. As shown in Table 1, when the concentration of perillaldehyde is 2.72mM, the growth inhibition rate of the mycelia of the botrytis cinerea reaches 93.3%, and the growth inhibition rate of the dedicated mycelia of the Fusarium oxysporum tomato reaches 100%, which shows that the perillaldehyde has remarkable inhibition effect on the growth of mycelia of two plant pathogenic fungi tested.
TABLE 1 bacteriostasis of perillaldehyde against spore germination of pathogenic bacteria
The experimental method for inhibiting the spore germination of the plant pathogenic bacteria by perillaldehyde comprises the following steps: respectively inoculating botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum tomato specialization into a PDA flat plate for culture until conidium is generated; collecting spores and using YPD solutionBody-regulating molecular spore concentration at 6.1X10 5 About one/ml; the inhibition of perillaldehyde on spore germination was measured by a concave slide method (50 ul of the spore suspension was added to a sterilized concave slide, and the culture was performed at 25℃and when the germination rate of the conidia reached 90%, the germination rate of conidia treated with perillaldehyde at different concentrations was measured and the inhibition of the germination of the conidia by the drug was calculated by adding perillaldehyde at different concentrations (concentrations of 0, 0.17, 0.34, 0.68, 1.36 and 2.72 mM) to the conidia suspension, respectively.
The experimental results are shown in figure 3, and with the increase of the content of the perillaldehyde, the inhibition rate of the germination of the dedicated conidia of the tomato botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum is obviously improved. When the content exceeds 2.72mM, the germination of two kinds of conidia can be basically inhibited, and the spore germination inhibition rate can reach 100%. Shows that the perillaldehyde has strong inhibition effect on the germination of botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum tomato specialized spores.
3. The experiment method for preventing and controlling the gray mold of the tomato by using perillaldehyde comprises the following steps: tomato seedlings over 4 weeks are divided into two groups, one group is sprayed with perillaldehyde suspension (the concentration is 2.72 mM), and the other group is sprayed with water, and the surfaces are dried. Spraying spore suspension onto the leaves, performing 25-degree moisture preservation culture for 4 days, photographing, measuring the disease area, and calculating the control effect. Control effect (%) = (control lesion diameter-treatment lesion diameter)/control lesion diameter×100. Each treatment was repeated 3 times.
As shown in FIG. 4, perillaldehyde was effective in inhibiting the occurrence of gray mold at a concentration of 2.72mM.
The experiment method for preventing and treating tomato fusarium wilt comprises the following steps: the tomato seedlings are used for more than 4 weeks, water and perillaldehyde are respectively irrigated in a control group and a treatment group in a root irrigation treatment mode, the concentration is 27.2mM, and after 24 hours of control, the root is irrigated with Shi Jianbao fusarium spore suspension liquid of 6.1 multiplied by 10 5 Each ml, and left for about 7 days.
As shown in FIG. 5, the concentration of perillaldehyde at 27.2mM is effective in inhibiting tomato blight, and the stem to which perillaldehyde is applied is not discolored, and pathogenic bacteria are not separated from the upper part of the stem base of the treatment group.
Table 2 summarizes the control effect of perillaldehyde on tomato gray mold and tomato wilt. As shown in Table 2, when the concentration of perillaldehyde is 2.72mM, the control effect on tomato gray mold reaches 90.6%; when the concentration of the perillaldehyde is 27.2mM, the control effect on fusarium oxysporum tomato blight reaches 94.2%, which shows that the perillaldehyde has remarkable control effect on two tomato diseases tested.
Table 2 perillaldehyde has control effects on tomato gray mold and tomato fusarium wilt (fusarium oxysporum).
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (7)
1. The application of perillaldehyde in preparing a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by plant pathogenic bacteria is characterized in that: the plant pathogenic bacteria are Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinerea) And fusarium oxysporum of tomato fusarium wiltFusarium oxysporumf. sp.lycopersici) the effective use concentration of perillaldehyde in the bactericide is 1.36mM-27.2mM.
2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the perillaldehyde is effective for treating Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinerea) And fusarium oxysporum of tomato fusarium wiltFusarium oxysporumf. sp.lycopersici) the rate of inhibition of hyphal growth was dose dependent.
3. According to the weightsThe use according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the concentration of the perillaldehyde in the bactericide is 2.7mM, the perillaldehyde is used for killing Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinerea) And fusarium oxysporum of tomato fusarium wiltFusarium oxysporumf. sp.lycopersici) has a hyphal growth inhibition of more than 93.2%.
4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the perillaldehyde is effective for treating Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinerea) And fusarium oxysporum of tomato fusarium wiltFusarium oxysporumf. sp.lycopersici) the inhibition rate of spore germination is dose-dependent.
5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the concentration of the perillaldehyde in the bactericide is 2.7mM, the perillaldehyde is used for killing Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinerea) And fusarium oxysporum of tomato fusarium wiltFusarium oxysporumf. sp.lycopersici) the spore germination inhibition rate reached 100%.
6. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the concentration of the perillaldehyde in the bactericide is 2.7-27mM, the perillaldehyde is used for killing Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinerea) And fusarium oxysporum of tomato fusarium wiltFusarium oxysporumf. sp.lycopersici) causes tomato diseases with an inhibition effect of 90%.
7. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plant is tomato, eggplant, capsicum, cucumber, grape or strawberry.
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