CN111562652A - Dual-input dual-output optical switch based on synthetic optical grid - Google Patents
Dual-input dual-output optical switch based on synthetic optical grid Download PDFInfo
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- CN111562652A CN111562652A CN202010355661.1A CN202010355661A CN111562652A CN 111562652 A CN111562652 A CN 111562652A CN 202010355661 A CN202010355661 A CN 202010355661A CN 111562652 A CN111562652 A CN 111562652A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2753—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means characterised by their function or use, i.e. of the complete device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
Abstract
The invention provides a double-input double-output optical switch based on a synthetic optical grid, which comprises an input port, an output port, a long optical fiber loop, a short optical fiber loop, a coupler, a first phase modulator and a second phase modulator, wherein the long optical fiber loop is connected with the short optical fiber loop; the length of the long optical fiber loop is greater than that of the short optical fiber loop; the long optical fiber loop and the short optical fiber loop are connected through a coupler; the long optical fiber loop and the short optical fiber loop are respectively provided with an output port; an input port is respectively arranged on the long optical fiber loop or the short optical fiber loop; the first phase modulator is arranged on the long optical fiber loop, and the second phase modulator is arranged on the short optical fiber loop; the phase of the first phase modulator setting is opposite to the phase of the second phase modulator setting; the dual-input dual-output optical switch based on the synthetic optical grid, provided by the invention, adopts an optical fiber loop to realize the dual-input dual-output optical switch, and has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in integration, low loss and flexibility in switching.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical switch, in particular to a double-input double-output optical switch based on a synthetic optical grid.
Background
With the continuous progress of science and technology and the continuous development of communication networks, the traditional optical switches have respective defects and cannot meet the requirements of various fields. Such as: the mechanical optical switch has large volume, difficult integration and slow response speed; later appeared microelectronic optical switches, although well integrated, have large insertion loss, are unstable, and have response speed only in the order of microseconds.
With the continuous development of the photon technology, an optical grid appears as a brand-new all-optical platform in front of people, and a common all-optical photonic crystal lattice optical switch has the disadvantages of complex preparation process, high cost, single input and single output, and is not beneficial to flexibly regulating and controlling light. In the prior art, the all-optical photonic crystal lattice optical switch only exists in an optical waveguide, and has the problems of complex preparation process, complex structure, high cost and difficulty in flexibly regulating and controlling optical signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-input dual-output optical switch based on a synthetic optical grid, which is used for solving the technical problems that the dual-input dual-output optical switch in the prior art is complex in structure and is not easy to flexibly regulate and control.
In order to realize the task, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a dual-input dual-output optical switch based on a synthetic optical grid comprises a pair of input ports and a pair of output ports, and further comprises a long optical fiber loop, a short optical fiber loop, a coupler, a first phase modulator and a second phase modulator; the length of the long optical fiber loop is greater than the length of the short optical fiber loop;
the long optical fiber loop and the short optical fiber loop are connected through a coupler;
the long optical fiber loop and the short optical fiber loop are respectively provided with an input port;
the long optical fiber loop and the short optical fiber loop are respectively provided with an output port;
the first phase modulator is arranged on the long optical fiber loop, and the second phase modulator is arranged on the short optical fiber loop;
the phase of the first phase modulator setting is opposite to the phase of the second phase modulator setting.
Further, the coupler is an 50/50 coupler; the coupling coefficient of the coupler is
Further, the coupling efficiency between the long fiber loop and the short fiber loop is
Wherein
A value representing the phase of the first phase modulator setting or the second phase modulator setting, Q representing the value of the wave vector, ω representing the value of the eigenfrequency; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
n represents the position of the optical pulse in the long fiber loop or the short fiber loop, n is an integer of 0 or more, i is a complex number, and m is an integer.
Furthermore, the long optical fiber loop and the short optical fiber loop are both conventional optical fiber loops without gain or loss.
Further, the length difference between the long optical fiber loop and the short optical fiber loop is 2 Δ T × CfWherein Δ L represents a length difference in km; Δ T represents the time between the propagation of light in a long fiber loop and the propagation of light in a short fiber loopIs given by the unit s, CfRepresenting the speed of light propagation in the fiber.
Further, the length of the long optical fiber loop is 4+0.01 km; the length of the short optical fiber loop is 4-0.01 km.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the dual-input dual-output optical switch based on the synthetic optical grid, which is provided by the invention, adopts the optical fiber loop to realize the dual-input dual-output optical switch, and has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in integration, low loss and flexibility in switching;
2. the invention provides a double-input double-output optical switch based on a synthetic optical grid, which is characterized in that the coupling coefficient of a coupler is set to be
The flexibility and the convenience of the control of the optical switch are improved;
3. the double-input double-output optical switch based on the synthetic optical grid, provided by the invention, provides the coupling efficiency between two optical fiber loops in the optical switch, and under different parameter conditions, the coupling coefficients are different, so that the light intensity output in the two optical fiber loops is different, the convenience of optical switch control is improved, and the light intensity value of the optical fiber loops at any time can be determined;
4. the dual-input dual-output optical switch based on the synthetic optical grid provided by the invention adopts a conventional optical fiber loop, so that the economy of the optical switch is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-input dual-output optical switch provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an expanded view of the structure of a dual input dual output optical switch provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between coupling efficiency of optical fibers according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the output light intensity when the input port is disposed in a long fiber ring according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the output light intensity when the input port is disposed on the short fiber ring in one embodiment provided by the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-a first input port, 2-a first output port, 3-a second input port, 4-a second output port, 5-a long fiber loop, 6-a short fiber loop, 7-a coupler, 8-a first phase modulator, 9-a second phase modulator, 10-an input coupler, 11-an output coupler.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. So that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention. It is to be expressly noted that in the following description, a detailed description of known functions and designs will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.
The following definitions or conceptual connotations relating to the present invention are provided for illustration:
an optical switch: an optical switch is a device having one or more selectable transmission windows that can interconvert or logically operate optical signals in an optical transmission line or integrated optical circuit.
Dual input dual output optical switch: light enters from two input ends, and by adjusting the light intensity fiber loop: the fibers are connected in a ring by a coupler.
A coupler: the device is also called a splitter, a connector and an adapter, is an element for realizing optical signal splitting/combining or for prolonging an optical fiber link, and belongs to the field of optical passive elements.
A phase modulator: the phase modulator is an optical modulator that changes the phase of light in a certain rule.
Coupling coefficient: the ratio of the actual mutual inductance (absolute value) of the intensity of the light split off each fiber after the fibers are connected together to the maximum limit value thereof is defined as the coupling coefficient. Coupling ratio of two optical fibers is cos2β/sos2β where β is the fiber coupling coefficient.
Coupling efficiency: the ratio of the light intensities in the two fiber loops is defined as the coupling efficiency.
Wave vector: the wave vector is a method of expressing a vector of waves. The wave vector is a vector whose magnitude represents the angular wave number and whose direction represents the direction of wave propagation.
In this embodiment, a dual-input dual-output optical switch based on a synthetic optical grid is disclosed, which includes a pair of input ports and a pair of output ports, and further includes a long optical fiber loop 5, a short optical fiber loop 6, a coupler 7, a first phase modulator 8, and a second phase modulator 9;
the long optical fiber loop 5 and the short optical fiber loop 6 are connected by a coupler 7;
an output port is respectively arranged on the long optical fiber loop 5 and the short optical fiber loop 6;
an input port is respectively arranged on the long optical fiber loop 5 and the short optical fiber loop 6;
the first phase modulator 8 is arranged on the long optical fiber loop 5, and the second phase modulator 9 is arranged on the short optical fiber loop 6;
the phase set by the first phase modulator 8 is opposite to the phase set by the second phase modulator 9;
the length of the long optical fiber loop 5 is greater than the length of the short optical fiber loop 6.
The dual-input dual-output optical switch provided in the present embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and includes two input ports and two output ports; in the present embodiment, the two input ports include a first input port 1 and a second input port 3, and the two output ports include a first output port 2 and a second output port 4; wherein a first input port 1 and a first output port 2 are arranged on the long fiber loop 5 before the coupler 7 as shown in fig. 1; a second input port 3 and a second output port 4 are provided on the stub fiber loop 6 after the coupler 7.
Compared with the optical switch in the prior art, the dual-input dual-output optical switch provided by the embodiment is realized by coupling a pair of optical fiber loops; because the optical fiber adopted in the existing optical switch in the market is a linear optical fiber, and a pair of optical fiber loops are adopted for coupling in the application to form a group of optical fiber loops, the light can always circulate and always couple in the group of optical fiber loops, and therefore the effect of changing the coupling efficiency by changing the control parameter to realize the optical switch can be realized.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, an input coupler 10 is provided on each input port in order to input light; an output coupler 11 is provided on each output port in order to output light;
in this embodiment, a coupler 7 is used to connect the two fiber loops.
In the present embodiment, a phase modulator is provided to adjust the phase of the optical wave. In this optical switch, it is necessary to adjust the phase modulator to satisfy the condition that the coupling efficiency is the maximum value, thereby turning off/on the optical switch.
An input coupler 10 arranged at the first input port 1 is used to couple an input signal into a longer optical wave propagation medium in an optical switch.
The output coupler 11 disposed on the first output port 2 is used for coupling an output signal in the longer optical wave transmission medium to an output terminal in the optical switch.
An input coupler 10 is provided at the second input port 3 for coupling an input signal into the shorter optical wave propagation medium in the optical switch.
The output coupler 11 arranged on the second output break 4 is used for coupling an output signal in the shorter optical wave transmission medium to an output end in the optical switch.
The long fiber loop 5 serves as a longer propagation medium for light wave propagation in the optical switch.
The short fiber loop 6 serves as a short propagation medium for light wave propagation in the optical switch.
The coupler 7 is used to couple together the light waves in the two propagation media in the optical switch, thereby realizing that the light waves circulate in the two fiber loops.
The first phase modulator 8 is used to phase modulate the light wave in the longer propagation medium in the optical switch, thereby changing the coupling efficiency to achieve the effect of the optical switch.
The second phase modulator 9 is used to perform phase modulation on the light wave in the shorter propagation medium in the optical switch, thereby changing the coupling efficiency to achieve the effect of the optical switch.
In this embodiment, in order to regulate and control the optical wave inside the optical fiber loop, so as to realize the function of the optical switch, the phase of the optical wave in the long optical fiber loop is set to be opposite to the phase of the optical wave in the short optical fiber loop by using the phase modulator.
In the dual-input dual-output optical switch provided in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 to 5, in fig. 4 and 5, the long loop represents a long fiber loop, the short loop represents a short fiber loop, and the phase is in phase
Under the condition that the wave vector Q is pi, when the first input port 1 and the second input port 3 input light, both optical fiber loops have light, which indicates that both output ports should have the same switch state — both output ports are in an open state;
in phase
When the wave vector Q is 0, only the first output port 2 has light when light is input from the first input port 1, and only the second output port 4 has light when light is input from the second input port 3, which means that when light is input from the first input port 1 and the second input port 3, the optical switch has different switch states — only one output port is in an open state, and thus a dual-port input/output optical switch is realized.
Optionally, coupler 7 is an 50/50 coupler; the coupling coefficient of the coupler 7 is
In this embodiment, the coupler of 50/50 is selected because under the coupler, the light wave can be distributed in two optical fibers in a ratio of 1:1 when passing through the coupler, and the coupler does not affect the intensity of the light wave in the two optical fiber loops; 50/50 the coupling coefficient of the coupler is
Optionally, a long fiber ringThe coupling efficiency between the path 5 and the stub fiber loop 6 is
Wherein
A value indicating the phase set by the first phase modulator 8 or the second phase modulator 9, Q indicating the value of the wave vector, and ω indicating the value of the eigenfrequency; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
n represents the position of the optical pulse in the long fiber loop or the short fiber loop, n is an integer of 0 or more, i is a complex number, and m is an integer.
In the present embodiment, when light enters from the first input port 1 (i.e., light is input from the input port provided on the long fiber loop), m is an even number; when light enters from the second input port 3 (i.e., light enters from an input port provided on the short fiber loop), m is an odd number.
When in use
As shown in fig. 3, the coupling efficiency curves each change with a change in the wavevector Q. When Q is 0, the coupling efficiency is 0, and when the optical wavelength fiber loop (short fiber loop) is incident, it indicates that the optical energy is all localized in the long fiber loop (short fiber loop), and there is no optical transmission in the short fiber loop (long fiber loop), which indicates that the switch located in the short fiber loop (long fiber loop) is open. When Q ═ pi, the coupling efficiency is 1, which indicates that the light energy is uniformly distributed in the two fiber loops, and that the two outputs should have the same switching state.
Alternatively, the long fiber loop and the short fiber loop are both conventional fiber loops with no gain or loss.
In the invention, gain and loss are not added for simplifying calculation, and the gain and loss have no influence on the optical switch.
Alternatively, the long optical fiber loop and the short optical fiberThe difference in length between the loops is Δ L ═ 2 Δ T × CfWherein Δ L represents a length difference in km; Δ T represents the difference between the travel time of light in a long fiber loop and the travel time of light in a short fiber loop, and is given in units of s, CfRepresenting the speed of light propagation in the fiber.
The dual-input dual-output optical switch provided by the invention can be manufactured by connecting two optical fiber loops with slightly different lengths through a coupler. Two optical fiber loop lengths satisfy (2 delta T-delta L/c)F). Here, a long optical fiber loop (L) is taken1Approximately (4+0.01) km), short fiber loop (L)2And ≈ (4-0.01) kilometers). The incident pulse from the long loop splits into two smaller pulses at the fiber coupler, which propagate in short and long loops, similar to the pulses that propagate left and right in the coupler pyramid. After each round trip, the pulse again reaches the coupler and is then separated again by the coupler. Each round trip of a pulse is equivalent to a time step m, and position n is defined by the difference between the round trip times of the long and short cycles. Thus, the overall system behaves like the optical dynamics of a lumped coupled waveguide array, and fig. 2 is an expanded view of the light waves propagating in a fiber optic loop, with the light waves incident in the long loop and passing through the coupler, where they are split into two light waves propagating in the long and short loops. The light waves in the long loop fiber loop reach the secondary coupler longer than the light waves in the short loop. Therefore, by setting the length of the optical fiber loop, when the light wave transmitted by the short loop reaches the coupler, the light wave propagating in the long loop at the previous moment also reaches the coupler, and the light wave is coupled and circulated. The grid of fig. 2 can be developed with the upper circles indicating the addition of phases whose values correspond to the lower function graph.
Preferably, the length of the long fiber loop is 4+0.01 km; the short fiber loop length is 4-0.01 km.
In this embodiment, two phases of the optical fiber loop
Wave vector Q is 0 and pi. The numerical simulation results are shown in fig. 4 and 5, and when Q is 0, the light beam shown in fig. 1 is onIn the process of switching off, when light is input at the first input port 1, all output signals can be obtained at the first output port 2, and the second output port 4 is in a closed state; when light is input at the second input port 3, all output signals can be obtained at the second output port 4, and the first output port 2 is in a closed state; in the case of Q ═ pi, light input from the first input port 1 and the second input port 3 can be output from the first output port 2 and the second output port 4, respectively, and the light intensity is uniformly distributed at the two output ports, thereby realizing the function of the optical switch.
Claims (6)
1. A dual-input dual-output optical switch based on a synthetic optical grid comprises a pair of input ports and a pair of output ports, and is characterized by further comprising a long optical fiber loop (5), a short optical fiber loop (6), a coupler (7), a first phase modulator (8) and a second phase modulator (9); the length of the long optical fiber loop (5) is greater than the length of the short optical fiber loop (6);
the long optical fiber loop (5) and the short optical fiber loop (6) are connected through a coupler (7);
an input port is respectively arranged on the long optical fiber loop (5) and the short optical fiber loop (6);
the long optical fiber loop (5) and the short optical fiber loop (6) are respectively provided with an output port;
the first phase modulator (8) is arranged on the long optical fiber loop (5), and the second phase modulator (9) is arranged on the short optical fiber loop (6);
the phase set by the first phase modulator (8) is opposite to the phase set by the second phase modulator (9).
2. A synthetic optical grid-based dual-input dual-output optical switch according to claim 1, wherein said coupler (7) is an 50/50 coupler; the coupling coefficient of the coupler (7) is
3. A synthetic optical grid-based dual-input dual-output optical switch according to claim 1, wherein the coupling efficiency between the long fiber loop (5) and the short fiber loop (6) is
Wherein
A value indicating a phase set by the first phase modulator (8) or a value indicating a phase set by the second phase modulator (9), Q indicating a value of a wave vector, and ω indicating a value of an eigenfrequency; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
n represents the position of the optical pulse in the long optical fiber loop (5) or the short optical fiber loop (6), n is an integer of 0 or more, i is a complex number, and m is an integer.
4. A synthetic optical grid-based dual-input dual-output optical switch according to claim 1, wherein the long fiber loop (5) and the short fiber loop (6) are both conventional fiber loops with no gain or loss.
5. A synthetic optical grid-based dual-input dual-output optical switch as claimed in claim 1, wherein the difference in length between the long fiber loop (5) and the short fiber loop (6) is 2 Δ T × CfWherein Δ L represents a length difference in km; Δ T represents the difference between the propagation time of light in the long fiber loop (5) and the propagation time of light in the short fiber loop (6), and is expressed in units of s, CfRepresenting the speed of light propagation in the fiber.
6. A synthetic optical grid-based dual-input dual-output optical switch according to claim 5, wherein the length of said long fiber loop (5) is 4+0.01 km; the length of the short optical fiber loop (6) is 4-0.01 km.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113938201A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-14 | 华中科技大学 | Optical fiber network |
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| JPH05102582A (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 1993-04-23 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical fiber laser device |
| CN1312629A (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-09-12 | 马科尼通讯有限公司 | Optical communication system |
| US20020106171A1 (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-08-08 | Kim Duck Young | Figure-8 optical fiber pulse laser using a dispersion imbalanced nonlinear optical loop mirror |
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| JP2018139279A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-09-06 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | Optical fiber laser device |
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| JP5102582B2 (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2012-12-19 | 花王株式会社 | Absorbent manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus |
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| JPH05102582A (en) * | 1991-10-11 | 1993-04-23 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical fiber laser device |
| CN1312629A (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-09-12 | 马科尼通讯有限公司 | Optical communication system |
| US20020106171A1 (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-08-08 | Kim Duck Young | Figure-8 optical fiber pulse laser using a dispersion imbalanced nonlinear optical loop mirror |
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