CN111560579B - Anti-cracking low-temperature spraying process - Google Patents
Anti-cracking low-temperature spraying process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111560579B CN111560579B CN201910243013.4A CN201910243013A CN111560579B CN 111560579 B CN111560579 B CN 111560579B CN 201910243013 A CN201910243013 A CN 201910243013A CN 111560579 B CN111560579 B CN 111560579B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/129—Flame spraying
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- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cracking-resistant low-temperature spraying process, which comprises the following steps: a loading step, a preheating step and a spraying step, wherein the flow velocity of air flow is adjusted, and liquid tungsten carbide is sprayed on the surface of metal; and (5) finishing the curing step. The invention adopts supersonic spraying equipment for spraying; by using nitrogen, hydrogen and argon as protective gas and powder feeding gas, the flame core temperature of flame flow is controlled at 1000 ℃, the thermal stress of the coating is reduced to the minimum, the flying speed of powder particles is high, the spraying distance is shortened to 130mm, the whole deposition process is less than 1 second, and almost no time is spent on particle oxidation or deformation. The dislocation density in the coating after spraying is higher, and the hardness of the coating is slightly higher than that of the raw material. The heat influence on the matrix is extremely small, the matrix does not generate a measurable heat affected zone, no intermetallic compound is generated, and the coating thickness is uniform and has no cracks when reaching 1.5 mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-temperature spraying technology, in particular to improvement of a low-temperature anti-cracking spraying process for spraying a metal coating.
Background
Because the thermal stress of the metal coating is large, the high-temperature spraying is easy to crack, and the existing metal spraying process adopts special cold spraying equipment for spraying; the spraying speed is slow, and the efficiency is low; in the traditional plasma spraying and HVOF supersonic spraying, because the flame flow temperature is too high and the thermal stress is large, when the coating is sprayed on base materials with large thermal deformation such as titanium metal, aluminum, stainless steel and the like, thermal stress cracks inevitably exist in the coating, the thickness of the coating is limited, and the cracking and the falling of the coating are seriously caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a low-temperature spraying process, so that the coating is thicker and is not easy to crack and fall off.
The invention provides a cracking-resistant low-temperature spraying process, which adopts supersonic spraying equipment for spraying and comprises the following steps:
a charging step, charging the coating powder into a supersonic spraying device;
preheating, namely preheating a jet orifice of supersonic spraying equipment to ensure that the coating powder can be rapidly heated;
a spraying step, namely adjusting the flow rate of air flow and spraying a liquid coating on the surface of the metal;
and (3) a curing step, namely cooling the coating after spraying to ensure that the coating is firmly attached to the metal surface, and finishing spraying.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the charging step comprises:
a coarse adjustment step, which is to adjust whether the air blowing pipeline is smooth;
a feeding step, namely filling the coating powder into a material box of the supersonic spraying equipment;
and fine adjustment, namely blowing the coating powder in the material box to a spraying opening through an air blowing pipeline by air flow, and testing whether the spraying of the coating powder is uniform or not.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in the spraying step, the flame flow of the sprayed coating powder is formed by blowing the flame generated by burning the mixture of nitrogen, hydrogen and argon in the combustion chamber out of the spray opening through the gas flow.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen gas is 15% to 25%; the hydrogen accounts for 10 to 20 percent; the proportion of argon is 55-75%.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, argon may be substituted for any one or more inert gases.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the spraying step comprises:
a melting step, wherein the coating powder is heated to a semi-molten state by blowing airflow to the flame;
and a spraying step of blowing the coating powder heated to a semi-molten state toward the metal surface by a gas flow to form a coating.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the flow ratio of nitrogen, hydrogen and argon is 19: 15: 66.
according to another embodiment of the invention, the flame core temperature of the flame stream is from 900 ℃ to 1000 ℃.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the coating is between 0mm and 1.5 mm.
In the invention, nitrogen, hydrogen and argon are used as powder feeding gas and protective gas; the nitrogen has high enthalpy, generates energy and is not easy to have high temperature, the hydrogen generates energy and is not easy to have high temperature, and the hydrogen is convenient to ignite to generate flame flow; argon is inert gas and is prevented from being oxidized in the spraying process; through the matching combination of nitrogen, hydrogen and argon, when ultrahigh sound velocity spraying equipment is adopted to spray the metal coating with large thermal stress, low-temperature spraying is realized, and thermal stress deformation and cracking of the metal coating are prevented. Meanwhile, the invention adopts supersonic spraying equipment to realize spraying, the flying speed of powder particles is high, the spraying distance is shortened to 130mm, the whole deposition process is less than 1 second, and the particles are hardly oxidized or deformed. There is a recrystallization process between the coatings. The dislocation density in the coating is higher, and the hardness of the coating is slightly higher than that of the raw material. The heat influence on the matrix is extremely small, the matrix does not generate a measurable heat affected zone, no intermetallic compound is generated, and the coating thickness is uniform and has no cracks when reaching 1.5 mm.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment.
A cracking-resistant low-temperature spraying process adopts supersonic spraying equipment for spraying, and comprises the following steps: a charging step, charging the coating powder into a supersonic spraying device; preheating, namely preheating a jet orifice of supersonic spraying equipment to ensure that the coating powder can be rapidly heated; a spraying step, namely adjusting the flow rate of air flow and spraying a liquid coating on the surface of the metal; and (3) a curing step, namely cooling the coating after spraying to ensure that the coating is firmly attached to the metal surface, and finishing spraying. The sprayed coating can be any coating with large thermal stress and high temperature cracking prevention, such as a titanium metal coating, a nickel-chromium alloy coating, a copper layer, an aluminum layer and the like.
Wherein the charging step comprises: a coarse adjustment step, which is to adjust whether the air blowing pipeline is smooth; a feeding step, namely filling the coating powder into a material box of the supersonic spraying equipment; and fine adjustment, namely blowing the coating powder in the material box to a spraying opening through an air blowing pipeline by air flow, and testing whether the spraying of the coating powder is uniform or not. Spraying is carried out through supersonic spraying equipment, a charging step is carried out, an airflow channel is adjusted, and the smooth spraying process is ensured.
In the spraying step, the flame flow for spraying the coating powder is formed by blowing flame generated by burning the mixture of nitrogen, hydrogen and argon in a combustion chamber out of a jet orifice through airflow. Nitrogen, hydrogen and argon are used as powder feeding gas and protective gas; the nitrogen has high enthalpy, generates energy and is not easy to have high temperature, the hydrogen generates energy and is not easy to have high temperature, and the hydrogen is convenient to ignite to generate flame flow; argon is inert gas and is prevented from being oxidized in the spraying process; through the matching combination of nitrogen, hydrogen and argon, when ultrahigh sound velocity spraying equipment is adopted to spray the metal coating with large thermal stress, low-temperature spraying is realized, and thermal stress deformation and cracking of the metal coating are prevented.
In the powder feeding gas and the protective gas, the nitrogen accounts for 15 to 25 percent; the hydrogen accounts for 10 to 20 percent; the proportion of argon is 55-75%. According to the action mode of each gas, the proper proportion is selected, so that airflow and flame flow for spraying are smoothly generated, and the spraying is smoothly carried out. Specifically, the flow ratio of nitrogen, hydrogen and argon is 19: 15: 66. wherein, argon can be replaced by any one or more inert gases, and the purpose of oxidation resistance can be realized.
The spraying step comprises: a melting step, wherein the coating powder is heated to a semi-molten state by blowing airflow to the flame; and a spraying step of blowing the coating powder heated to a semi-molten state toward the metal surface by a gas flow to form a coating.
Through the powder feeding gas and the protector provided by the scheme of the invention, the flame core temperature of the flame flow can be 900-1000 ℃. And low-temperature spraying is realized. When the existing common supersonic spraying equipment is used for spraying, the adopted powder feeding gas and shielding gas are propane and compressed air, the flame core temperature of flame flow is about 2000 ℃, the requirement of metal spraying is difficult to meet, and when the metal coating is transferred to the room temperature after spraying, the cracking phenomenon is easily caused due to overlarge temperature difference.
The thickness of the coating can be 0mm-1.5mm, and the coating is realized by low-temperature spraying and supersonic spraying equipment, so that the flying speed of powder particles is high, the spraying distance is shortened to 130mm, the whole deposition process is less than 1 second, and the particles are hardly oxidized or deformed. There is a recrystallization process between the coatings. The dislocation density in the coating is higher, and the hardness of the coating is slightly higher than that of the raw material. The heat influence on the matrix is extremely small, the matrix does not generate a measurable heat affected zone, no intermetallic compound is generated, and the coating thickness is uniform and has no cracks when reaching 1.5 mm.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The anti-cracking low-temperature spraying process is characterized in that the spraying process adopts supersonic spraying equipment for spraying, and comprises the following steps:
a charging step of charging coating powder into the supersonic spraying apparatus;
preheating, namely preheating a jet orifice of supersonic spraying equipment to ensure that the coating powder can be rapidly heated;
a spraying step, namely adjusting the flow rate of air flow and spraying a liquid coating on the surface of the metal; the flame flow for spraying the coating powder is formed by blowing flame generated by burning the mixture of nitrogen, hydrogen and argon in a combustion chamber out of a jet orifice through air flow; the nitrogen accounts for 15% -25%; the hydrogen accounts for 10% -20%; the proportion of the argon is 55-75%;
and (3) a curing step, namely cooling the coating after spraying to ensure that the coating is firmly attached to the metal surface, and finishing spraying.
2. The cryogenic spray process of claim 1, wherein the charging step comprises:
a coarse adjustment step, which is to adjust whether the air blowing pipeline is smooth;
a feeding step, namely filling coating powder into a material box of the supersonic spraying equipment;
and fine adjustment, namely blowing the coating powder in the material box to a spraying opening through an air blowing pipeline by air flow, and testing whether the spraying of the coating powder is uniform or not.
3. The cryogenic spray process of claim 1 wherein argon gas is replaced with any one or more inert gases.
4. The cryogenic spray process of claim 1, wherein the spraying step comprises:
a melting step, wherein the coating powder is heated to a semi-molten state by blowing airflow to the flame;
and a spraying step of blowing the coating powder heated to a semi-molten state toward the metal surface by a gas flow to form a coating.
5. The cryogenic spray process of claim 1 wherein the flow ratio of nitrogen, hydrogen and argon is 19: 15: 66.
6. the cryogenic spray process of claim 1 wherein the flame flow has a flame kernel temperature of 900 ℃ to 1000 ℃.
7. The low temperature spray process of claim 1, wherein the coating has a thickness of 0mm to 1.5 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910243013.4A CN111560579B (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2019-03-28 | Anti-cracking low-temperature spraying process |
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| CN201910243013.4A CN111560579B (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2019-03-28 | Anti-cracking low-temperature spraying process |
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| CN111560579A CN111560579A (en) | 2020-08-21 |
| CN111560579B true CN111560579B (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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| US20060165910A1 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2006-07-27 | Cabot Corporation | Processes for forming nanoparticles |
| EP1995344A1 (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2008-11-26 | InnCoa GmbH | Injection layers with diffusion treatment |
| CN103628018A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-12 | 西门子公司 | High speed oxygen fuel spraying system and metal ceramic coating prepared by the same |
| CN104962776B (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2017-05-17 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | High-alumina bronze coating for repairing volume damage and preparation method of high-alumina bronze coating |
| CN105401115A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-03-16 | 九江学院 | Thermal-spraying preparation method for WC-Co coating free of decomposition |
| CN105441857A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-30 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Method for carrying out high velocity oxy-fuel spraying on surface of roller of lithium battery pole piece rolling machine |
| CN105648296B (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-06-19 | 水利部杭州机械设计研究所 | A kind of high temperature resistance tungsten carbide-base metal-ceramic composite powder end, coating and its preparation process containing Re |
| CN109136823A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-04 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of self-lubricating bearing plasma spraying method for covering copper powder steel plate |
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Effective date of registration: 20220428 Address after: 510000 plant, No. 62, Nanxiang 1st Road, Guangzhou high tech Industrial Development Zone, Guangzhou, Guangdong Patentee after: GUANGZHOU BRIGHTAS LASER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510000 Room 502, building 6, No. 62, Nanxiang 1st Road, development zone, Guangzhou, Guangdong Patentee before: GUANGDONG BRIGHTAS LASER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |