CN114653971B - Hydrogen power metal solid deposition device and method - Google Patents
Hydrogen power metal solid deposition device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114653971B CN114653971B CN202210330750.XA CN202210330750A CN114653971B CN 114653971 B CN114653971 B CN 114653971B CN 202210330750 A CN202210330750 A CN 202210330750A CN 114653971 B CN114653971 B CN 114653971B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
- B22F10/322—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber of the gas flow, e.g. rate or direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/53—Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The application discloses a hydrogen power metal solid-state deposition device and a method, and belongs to the technical field of metal solid-state deposition. The device comprises a material conveying system, a Laval nozzle and a hydrogen recovery system; the material conveying system comprises a powder feeder and a gas heater, wherein the powder feeder and the gas heater are connected with an inlet of a Laval nozzle arranged in a closed spraying chamber; the hydrogen recovery system is respectively connected with the inlets of the airtight spraying chamber and the gas heater so as to circulate hydrogen under airtight conditions. The hydrogen gas after being sprayed in the closed spraying chamber is recovered through the hydrogen gas recovery system and enters the gas heater for heating, and then is used as accelerating gas to continuously accelerate micron-sized powder particles to be sprayed, so that the accelerating effect of the micron-sized powder particles and the remarkable improvement of the collision deposition performance can be realized with low cost and high efficiency, the oxygen content of the additive metal deposition body is reduced, and the mechanical, electrical, magnetic and other performances of the metal deposition body are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of metal solid-state deposition, in particular to a hydrogen power metal solid-state deposition device and a hydrogen power metal solid-state deposition method.
Background
The metal solid-state additive manufacturing is used as an emerging new technology of surface treatment engineering, is one of important supplements of the traditional thermal spraying technology, is a spraying technology based on an aerodynamic principle, and is characterized in that high-pressure gas (nitrogen, helium, air or mixed gas and the like) is utilized to carry metal powder particles into high-speed airflow, supersonic gas-solid two-phase flow is generated through a zoom pipe (Laval pipe), the powder particles collide with a matrix at a high speed in a solid state after being accelerated by a supersonic nozzle, and deposition of micron-sized powder particles is realized through strong plastic deformation.
Currently, the industrially available process capable of significantly increasing the collision velocity of particles generally uses expensive helium (about 20-80 times of air and nitrogen) as an accelerating gas; the deposition rate of the sprayed particles can also be increased to some extent by increasing the temperature of the accelerating gas, but the effect is limited. Meanwhile, the accelerating gas has too high temperature, has a certain heating effect on metal powder, is easy to cause spray gun blockage when depositing materials such as aluminum, copper, nickel, stainless steel and the like, and seriously affects the technological performance of cold spraying.
In view of this, the present application has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objectives of the present application is to provide a hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition device to solve the above-mentioned problems.
The second object of the present application is to provide a method for performing hydrogen-powered metal solid-state deposition by using the above-mentioned hydrogen-powered metal solid-state deposition apparatus.
The application can be realized as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition apparatus comprising a material transfer system, a Laval nozzle, and a hydrogen recovery system;
the material conveying system comprises a powder feeder and a gas heater, wherein the powder feeder and the gas heater are connected with an inlet of a Laval nozzle arranged in a closed spraying chamber;
the hydrogen recovery system is respectively connected with the airtight spraying chamber and the inlet of the gas heater so that the hydrogen serving as the accelerating gas can be recycled under airtight conditions.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen power metal solid-state deposition device further comprises a powder preheating reaction chamber, an outlet of the powder feeder is connected with an inlet of the powder preheating reaction chamber through a first powder feeding pipe, an outlet of the gas heater is connected with an inlet of the powder preheating reaction chamber through a first main gas pipe, and an outlet of the powder preheating reaction chamber is connected with an inlet of the Laval nozzle.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition device further comprises a thermocouple and a pressure detector, both of which are disposed in the powder preheating reaction chamber.
In an alternative embodiment, the material conveying system further comprises a powder feeding hydrogen source, and an outlet of the powder feeding hydrogen source is connected with an inlet of the powder feeder through a second powder feeding pipe.
In an alternative embodiment, the material transfer system further comprises an acceleration hydrogen source, the outlet of the acceleration hydrogen source being connected to the inlet of the gas heater via a second main gas pipe, the outlet of the hydrogen recovery system being connected to the inlet of the acceleration hydrogen source.
In an alternative embodiment, the outer walls of the first main air pipe and the second main air pipe are both provided with an insulating layer.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen recovery system comprises an air pump, a filter, a compressor and a hydrogen storage tank which are sequentially connected, wherein an inlet and an outlet of the air pump are respectively connected with the airtight spraying chamber and the filter, and an inlet and an outlet of the hydrogen storage tank are respectively connected with the compressor and the accelerating hydrogen source.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen power metal solid state deposition device further comprises a hydrogen detector, and the hydrogen detector is arranged in the closed spraying chamber, the hydrogen recovery system, the powder feeding hydrogen source, the accelerating hydrogen source, the powder feeding device, the gas heater, the first main gas pipe, the second main gas pipe, the first powder feeding pipe and the second powder feeding pipe.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition device further comprises a master control system, wherein the master control system is electrically connected with the hydrogen recovery system, the powder feeding hydrogen source, the accelerating hydrogen source, the powder feeding device, the gas heater, the first main gas pipe, the second main gas pipe, the first powder feeding pipe, the second powder feeding pipe, the thermocouple and the pressure detector.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition device further comprises a closed spray chamber, wherein a substrate is further arranged in the closed spray chamber, and the substrate is arranged at the outlet end of the Laval nozzle.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition method employing a hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition apparatus according to any one of the preceding embodiments.
In an alternative embodiment, the pressure of the powder feed hydrogen source is 1.5-10MPa.
In an alternative embodiment, the pressure of the accelerated hydrogen source is 1-9.5MPa.
In an alternative embodiment, the heating temperature of the gas heater is in the range of 100-1200 ℃.
In an alternative embodiment, the micro-sized metal powder particles to be sprayed have a velocity of 1000-5000m/s after being ejected from the Laval nozzle.
The beneficial effects of the application include:
according to the hydrogen power metal solid-state deposition device and method provided by the application, the Laval nozzle and the matrix are arranged in the closed spraying chamber, and the outside of the closed spraying chamber is connected with the hydrogen recovery system, so that metal solid-state deposition is realized by taking hydrogen as working gas, the hydrogen is recovered for safe closed loop use, the contact of the hydrogen with air is avoided, and the problem of flammability and explosiveness after the hydrogen contacts with air under certain conditions is solved. The method can realize the acceleration effect of micron-sized powder particles (obviously improving the collision speed of metal powder particles) and the obvious improvement of the collision deposition performance (such as improving the interface combination of cold spraying deposition bodies, reducing the porosity), reducing the oxygen content of additive metal deposition bodies and greatly improving the mechanical, electrical, magnetic and other performances of the metal deposition bodies with low cost and high efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition apparatus provided by the present application.
Icon: 11-a powder feeding hydrogen source; 12-an accelerated hydrogen source; 13-a powder feeder; 14-a gas heater; 2-powder preheating reaction chamber; a 3-Lafayer nozzle; 4-substrate; 5-rotating a table; 61-an air pump; 62-a filter; 63-a compressor; 64-a hydrogen storage tank; 7-a hydrogen detector; 15-a first powder feeding pipe; 16-a second powder feeding pipe; 17-a first main gas pipe; 18-a second main gas pipe; 8-coating; 9-supersonic hydrogen jet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The hydrogen power metal solid state deposition device and method provided by the application are specifically described below.
The smaller the relative molecular mass of the different gases, the more significant the acceleration of the gas flow, while the more excellent the acceleration effect of helium than nitrogen, air, argon, it is expensive. Therefore, nitrogen and air are mainly used in the current industrial production, and helium and nitrogen mixed gas are secondarily used.
The inventors propose: the solid state deposition of metal powder using hydrogen as the accelerating gas can obtain a better accelerating effect, but hydrogen belongs to flammable and explosive gas, and the storage, handling and use of hydrogen are greatly limited.
Based on this, referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a hydrogen powered metal solid deposition apparatus, which includes a material conveying system, a laval nozzle 3, and a hydrogen recovery system;
the material conveying system comprises a powder feeder 13 (a high-pressure powder feeder 13) and a gas heater 14, wherein the powder feeder 13 and the gas heater 14 are connected with an inlet of a Laval nozzle 3 arranged in a closed spraying chamber;
the hydrogen recovery system is connected to the inlet of the closed spray booth and the inlet of the gas heater 14, respectively, so that hydrogen as an accelerating gas is recycled under closed conditions.
That is, the hydrogen recovery system is arranged to recover the hydrogen sprayed in the closed spraying chamber and enable the hydrogen to enter the gas heater 14, and the heated hydrogen is used as accelerating gas to continuously accelerate the micron-sized powder particles to be sprayed, so that the hydrogen can be recycled and operated under the closed condition, the contact of the hydrogen and air is avoided, and the problem that the hydrogen is inflammable and explosive after contacting with the air under a certain condition is solved.
Furthermore, the inventors also propose: the surface of the metal powder naturally has an oxide film of hundred nanometers, and oxide film fragments generated in the metal solid deposition collision process are inevitably remained at interfaces to obstruct the interface combination among particles; the application uses hydrogen to carry out metal solid deposition, and in the hydrogen environment, the reaction reduction of partial metal oxide films can be realized by heating metal powder, the thickness and the area of oxide films on the surface of the powder can be reduced, the oxygen content of corresponding metal deposition bodies can be further reduced, and the interface combination and the performance of the corresponding deposition bodies can be optimized.
The above-mentioned hydrogen-powered metal solid-state deposition device further includes a closed spray chamber, in which a substrate 4 is further disposed, and the substrate 4 is disposed at an outlet end of the raval nozzle 3. And the matrix 4 is spaced from the outlet of the Laval nozzle 3.
And a rotary table 5 is further arranged in the closed spraying chamber, the substrate 4 to be sprayed is placed on the rotary table 5, and when spraying, the rotary table 5 rotates to enable micron-sized metal powder particles to be sprayed to be continuously and uniformly deposited on the surfaces of all positions of the substrate 4.
Further, the metal solid-state deposition device further comprises a powder preheating reaction chamber 2, an outlet of the powder feeder 13 is connected with an inlet of the powder preheating reaction chamber 2 through a first powder feeding pipe 15, an outlet of the gas heater 14 is connected with an inlet of the powder preheating reaction chamber 2 through a first main gas pipe 17, and an outlet of the powder preheating reaction chamber 2 is connected with an inlet of the Laval nozzle 3.
The powder preheating reaction chamber 2 is also arranged in the closed spraying chamber, so that the hydrogen heated by the gas heater 14 preheats the micron-sized metal powder particles to be sprayed and the powder feeding gas (hydrogen) in the powder preheating reaction chamber 2, and then the micron-sized metal powder particles and the powder feeding gas are introduced into the Laval nozzle 3.
The Laval nozzle 3 is provided with a contraction section, a throat section and an expansion section in sequence from the powder preheating reaction cavity 2 to the direction of the matrix 4.
That is, the micron-sized metal powder particles to be sprayed are carried into the front section (powder preheating reaction chamber 2) of the raval nozzle 3 by the powder feeding gas entering the powder feeder 13. In the powder preheating reaction cavity 2, the powder hydrogen is fed, the hydrogen is accelerated and fully mixed with powder particles, and the metal powder particles realize the reaction reduction of the surface oxide film under the heating condition; then, high-pressure hydrogen carries metal powder to pass through a contraction section, a throat section and an expansion section of the Laval nozzle 3 in sequence, so that effective acceleration (1000-5000 m/s) of powder particles to be deposited is completed, then the powder particles sequentially collide with the surface of the matrix 4, and the powder particles undergo strong plastic deformation, kinetic energy and heat energy conversion and interface diffusion to form deposition, so that a coating 8 is obtained.
Preferably, the metal solid-state deposition device further comprises a thermocouple and a pressure detector, wherein the thermocouple and the pressure detector are both arranged in the powder preheating reaction chamber 2, and the thermocouple is used for detecting the temperature in the powder preheating reaction chamber 2 so as to control the temperature in the powder preheating reaction chamber 2 to avoid melting of powder particles; the pressure detector is used for detecting the pressure in the powder preheating reaction chamber 2 so as to control the pressure in the powder preheating reaction chamber 2 and avoid explosion caused by excessive pressure.
Further, the material conveying system further comprises a powder conveying hydrogen source 11, and an outlet of the powder conveying hydrogen source 11 is connected with an inlet of the powder conveying device 13 through a second powder conveying pipe 16 so as to be input into the powder preheating reaction cavity 2 through the powder conveying device 13.
Further, the material conveying system further comprises an accelerating hydrogen source 12, an outlet of the accelerating hydrogen source 12 is connected with an inlet of the gas heater 14 through a second main gas pipe 18, and an outlet of the hydrogen recovery system is connected with an inlet of the accelerating hydrogen source 12.
In a preferred embodiment, the outer walls of the first and second main air pipes 17 and 18 are provided with insulation to maintain the temperature of the high temperature hydrogen gas in the first and second main air pipes 17 and 18.
The powder feeding hydrogen source 11, the accelerating hydrogen source 12, the powder feeder 13 and the gas heater 14 are all located outside the closed spraying chamber, and part of pipe sections of the first main air pipe 17 and the first powder feeding pipe 15 penetrate through the closed spraying chamber to be connected with an inlet of the powder preheating reaction chamber 2 located inside the closed spraying chamber.
In the present application, the hydrogen recovery system includes a suction pump 61, a filter 62, a compressor 63 and a hydrogen storage tank 64 which are sequentially connected, an inlet and an outlet of the suction pump 61 are respectively connected with the closed spray chamber and the filter 62, and an inlet and an outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 64 are respectively connected with the compressor 63 and the acceleration hydrogen source 12.
That is, the hydrogen gas in the closed spray chamber is pumped by the pump 61, solid impurities contained in the hydrogen gas are removed by the filter 62, and then the hydrogen gas is sent to the compressor 63, and then the hydrogen gas is sent to the hydrogen storage tank 64 (high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 64) by the compressor 63, thereby completing the closed recovery of the hydrogen gas. The hydrogen storage tank 64 is connected to the accelerating hydrogen source 12, and can realize closed-loop continuous use of hydrogen as the accelerating gas during long-term operation.
It should be noted that, the hydrogen storage tank 64 is only connected to the accelerating hydrogen source 12, but not to the powder feeding hydrogen source 11 (corresponding to a smaller amount of gas used), so as to improve the spraying stability. If it is connected to both the accelerating hydrogen source 12 and the powder feeding hydrogen source 11, not only is it technically difficult to control, but also the stability of the spray coating is greatly reduced.
Further, the hydrogen power metal solid-state deposition device further comprises a hydrogen detector 7, and the hydrogen detector 7 is arranged in the closed spraying chamber, the hydrogen recovery system, the powder feeding hydrogen source 11, the accelerating hydrogen source 12, the powder feeding device 13, the gas heater 14, the first main gas pipe 17, the second main gas pipe 18, the first powder feeding pipe 15 and the second powder feeding pipe 16.
The hydrogen detector 7 is provided in the hydrogen recovery system, namely, the pump 61, the filter 62, the compressor 63 and the hydrogen storage tank 64.
By arranging the hydrogen detector 7, the system can be stopped suddenly in time after the hydrogen is leaked, so that safety accidents are avoided.
Furthermore, the hydrogen power metal solid state deposition device provided by the application further comprises a general control system (not shown), and the general control system is referred to a control system in the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein.
The total control system can be electrically connected with a hydrogen recovery system, a powder feeding hydrogen source 11, an accelerating hydrogen source 12, a powder feeding device 13, a gas heater 14, a first main gas pipe 17, a second main gas pipe 18, a first powder feeding pipe 15, a second powder feeding pipe 16, a thermocouple and a pressure detector.
More specifically, the first main air pipe 17, the second main air pipe 18, the first powder feeding pipe 15 and the second powder feeding pipe 16 are respectively provided with a first valve (not shown), a second valve (not shown), a third valve (not shown) and a fourth valve (not shown), and the master control system is electrically connected with the first valve, the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve.
Through the master control system, not only can the whole spraying process be automatically controlled, but also the working state and technological parameters of each device can be timely controlled.
It should be noted that, other matters not disclosed in the present application may refer to the prior art, and are not repeated herein.
Correspondingly, the application provides a hydrogen power metal solid state deposition method, which adopts the hydrogen power metal solid state deposition device to carry out deposition.
Specifically, during spraying, powder feeding hydrogen led out by the powder feeding hydrogen source 11 enters the high-pressure powder feeder 13 through the second powder feeding pipe 16, and micron-sized powder particles to be sprayed in the powder feeder 13 enter the powder preheating reaction cavity 2 through the first powder feeding pipe 15; high-pressure hydrogen led out from the accelerating hydrogen source 12 enters the gas heater 14 (tubular gas heater 14) through the second main gas pipe 18, and is introduced into the powder preheating reaction cavity 2 through the first main gas pipe 17 after being heated; at this time, the powder feeding hydrogen, the accelerating hydrogen and the powder particles in the powder preheating reaction cavity 2 are fully mixed, and the metal powder particles realize the reaction reduction of the surface oxide film under the heating condition of the accelerating hydrogen; then, high-pressure hydrogen carries metal powder to pass through a contraction section, a throat section and an expansion section of the Laval bump nozzle in sequence to finish effective acceleration (1000-5000 m/s) of powder particles to be deposited, the metal powder collides with the surface of the matrix 4 under the action of the supersonic hydrogen jet 9, and undergoes strong plastic deformation, kinetic energy and heat energy conversion and interface diffusion to form deposition, so that the coating 8 is obtained.
In the spraying process, the air pump 61 pumps out the hydrogen in the closed spraying chamber, filters the hydrogen through the filter 62, sends the hydrogen into the compressor 63, and sends the hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 64 through the compressor 63, thereby completing the closed recovery of the hydrogen. The high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 64 is connected to the acceleration hydrogen source 12, and can realize closed-loop use of hydrogen as an acceleration gas.
In addition, in the spraying process, the thermocouple and the pressure detector monitor the temperature and the pressure in the powder preheating reaction cavity 2 all the time, the hydrogen detector 7 monitors the hydrogen leakage condition of each structure, and the overall control system controls and adjusts each structure.
By way of reference, the pressure of the powder feeding hydrogen source 11 may be 1.5 to 10MPa, such as 1.5MPa, 2MPa, 3MPa, 4MPa, 5MPa, 6MPa, 7MPa, 8MPa, 9MPa or 10MPa, etc., and may be any other value in the range of 1.5 to 10MPa.
The pressure of the accelerating hydrogen source 12 may be, for example, 1 to 9.5MPa, such as 1MPa, 2MPa, 3MPa, 4MPa, 5MPa, 6MPa, 7MPa, 8MPa, 9MPa, or 9.5MPa, and the like, and may be any other value in the range of 1 to 9.5MPa.
The heating temperature of the gas heater 14 may be, for example, 100 to 1200 c, such as 100 c, 200 c, 300 c, 400 c, 500 c, 600 c, 700 c, 800 c, 900 c, 1000 c, 1100 c, 1200 c, or the like, or any other value in the range of 100 to 1200 c.
The velocity of the micron-sized metal powder particles to be sprayed after being ejected from the Laval nozzle 3 may be, for example, 1000 to 5000m/s, such as 1000m/s, 1500m/s, 2000m/s, 2500m/s, 3000m/s, 3500m/s, 4000m/s, 4500m/s, 5000m/s, etc., and may be any other value in the range of 1000 to 5000m/s.
By adopting the hydrogen power metal solid-state deposition device and the hydrogen power metal solid-state deposition method provided by the application, metal solid-state deposition is realized by taking hydrogen as working gas, hydrogen is recycled for safe closed-loop use in the process, and the acceleration effect of micron-sized powder particles (obviously improving the collision speed of metal powder particles) and the obvious improvement of the collision deposition performance (such as improving the interface combination of cold spraying deposition bodies, reducing the porosity) can be realized at low cost and high efficiency, the oxygen content of the additive metal deposition body is reduced, and the mechanical, electrical, magnetic and other performances of the metal deposition body are greatly improved.
The features and capabilities of the present application are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a hydrogen power metal solid-state deposition device, which comprises a powder feeding hydrogen source 11, an accelerating hydrogen source 12, a powder feeder 13, a gas heater 14, a first powder feeding pipe 15, a second powder feeding pipe 16, a first main gas pipe 17, a second main gas pipe 18, a powder preheating reaction cavity 2, a thermocouple, a pressure detector, a Laval nozzle 3, a substrate 4, a rotary table 5, an air pump 61, a filter 62, a compressor 63, a hydrogen storage tank 64, a hydrogen detector 7, a general control system and a plurality of pipelines.
The outlet of the powder feeding hydrogen source 11 is connected with the inlet of the powder feeder 13 through a second powder feeding pipe 16, and the outlet of the powder feeder 13 is connected with the inlet of the powder preheating reaction chamber 2 through a first powder feeding pipe 15. The outlet of the accelerating hydrogen source 12 is connected with the inlet of the gas heater 14 through the second main gas pipe 18, and the outlet of the gas heater 14 is connected with the inlet of the powder preheating reaction chamber 2 through the first main gas pipe 17. The outlet of the powder preheating reaction cavity 2 is connected with the inlet of the Laval nozzle 3, and the outlet of the Laval nozzle 3 is arranged at intervals towards the matrix 4.
The powder preheating reaction chamber 2, the Laval nozzle 3, the substrate 4, the rotary table 5, one end of the second powder feeding tube 16 for connecting with the powder preheating reaction chamber 2, and one end of the second main air tube 18 for connecting with the powder preheating reaction chamber 2 are all disposed in the airtight spraying chamber.
The thermocouple and the pressure detector are both arranged in the powder preheating reaction cavity 2, and the outer walls of the first main air pipe 17 and the second main air pipe 18 are both provided with heat insulation layers.
The inlet and outlet of the air pump 61 are connected to the closed spray chamber and the inlet of the filter 62, respectively, the outlet of the filter 62 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 63 via a pipe, the outlet of the compressor 63 is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 64 via a pipe, and the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 64 is connected to the accelerated hydrogen source 12 via a pipe.
The closed spraying chamber, the powder feeding hydrogen source 11, the accelerating hydrogen source 12, the powder feeder 13, the gas heater 14, the first main gas pipe 17, the second main gas pipe 18, the first powder feeding pipe 15, the second powder feeding pipe 16, the air pump 61, the filter 62, the compressor 63 and the hydrogen storage tank 64 are all provided with the hydrogen detector 7.
The first main air pipe 17, the second main air pipe 18, the first powder feeding pipe 15 and the second powder feeding pipe 16 are respectively provided with a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a fourth valve, and the general control system is electrically connected with the air pump 61, the filter 62, the compressor 63, the hydrogen storage tank 64, the powder feeding hydrogen source 11, the accelerating hydrogen source 12, the powder feeder 13, the gas heater 14, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the thermocouple and the pressure detector.
Example 2
This example provides a hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition method using the hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition apparatus of example 1.
Specific: during spraying, the powder feeding hydrogen led out by the powder feeding hydrogen source 11 enters the high-pressure powder feeder 13 through the second powder feeding pipe 16, and micron-sized powder particles to be sprayed in the powder feeder 13 enter the powder preheating reaction cavity 2 through the first powder feeding pipe 15; high-pressure hydrogen led out from the accelerating hydrogen source 12 enters the gas heater 14 (tubular gas heater 14) through the second main gas pipe 18, and is introduced into the powder preheating reaction cavity 2 through the first main gas pipe 17 after being heated; at this time, the powder feeding hydrogen, the accelerating hydrogen and the powder particles in the powder preheating reaction cavity 2 are fully mixed, and the metal powder particles realize the reaction reduction of the surface oxide film under the heating condition of the accelerating hydrogen; then, high-pressure hydrogen carries metal powder to pass through a contraction section, a throat section and an expansion section of the Laval bump nozzle in sequence to finish effective acceleration (1000-5000 m/s) of powder particles to be deposited, the metal powder collides with the surface of the matrix 4 under the action of the supersonic hydrogen jet 9, and undergoes strong plastic deformation, kinetic energy and heat energy conversion and interface diffusion to form deposition, so that the coating 8 is obtained.
In the spraying process, the air pump 61 pumps out the hydrogen in the closed spraying chamber, filters the hydrogen through the filter 62, sends the hydrogen into the compressor 63, and sends the hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 64 through the compressor 63, thereby completing the closed recovery of the hydrogen. The high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 64 is connected to the acceleration hydrogen source 12, and can realize closed-loop use of hydrogen as an acceleration gas.
In addition, in the spraying process, the thermocouple and the pressure detector monitor the temperature and the pressure in the powder preheating reaction cavity 2 all the time, the hydrogen detector 7 monitors the hydrogen leakage condition of each structure, and the overall control system controls and adjusts each structure.
Wherein the micron-sized powder particles to be sprayed are In718 spherical powder with an average particle size of 22 microns and an oxygen content of 550 ppm. The pressure of the powder feeding hydrogen is 3.2MPa, the rotating speed of the powder feeder 13 is 8/min, the powder feeding amount is 220g/min, the pressure of the accelerating hydrogen is 3MPa, and the temperature of the accelerating hydrogen is heated to 1100 ℃ by a heater. After acceleration of the In718 spherical powder to 1600m/s through the Laval nozzle 3, it was deposited on the In718 substrate 4.
The obtained In718 sediment has interface bonding strength more than 400MPa, porosity less than 0.5%, oxygen content less than 400ppm and strength more than 1000MPa.
In summary, the hydrogen-powered metal solid-state deposition device and the method provided by the application realize metal solid-state deposition by taking hydrogen as working gas, and the hydrogen is recycled for safe closed-loop use in the process, so that the acceleration effect of micron-sized powder particles (obviously improving the collision speed of metal powder particles) and the obvious improvement of the collision deposition performance (such as improving the interface combination of cold spraying deposition bodies, reducing the porosity) can be realized at low cost and high efficiency, the oxygen content of the additive metal deposition bodies is reduced, and the mechanical, electrical, magnetic and other performances of the metal deposition bodies are greatly improved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A hydrogen power metal solid state deposition method is characterized in that a hydrogen power metal solid state deposition device is adopted for deposition;
the hydrogen power metal solid-state deposition device comprises a material transmission system, a Laval nozzle and a hydrogen recovery system;
the material conveying system comprises a powder feeder and a gas heater, wherein the powder feeder and the gas heater are connected with an inlet of the Laval nozzle arranged in the closed spraying chamber;
the hydrogen recovery system is respectively connected with the airtight spraying chamber and the inlet of the gas heater so as to enable hydrogen serving as accelerating gas to be recycled under airtight conditions;
the hydrogen power metal solid-state deposition device further comprises a powder preheating reaction cavity, wherein an outlet of the powder feeder is connected with an inlet of the powder preheating reaction cavity through a first powder feeding pipe, an outlet of the gas heater is connected with an inlet of the powder preheating reaction cavity through a first main gas pipe, and an outlet of the powder preheating reaction cavity is connected with an inlet of the Laval nozzle;
the material conveying system further comprises a powder conveying hydrogen source, and an outlet of the powder conveying hydrogen source is connected with an inlet of the powder feeder through a second powder conveying pipe;
the material conveying system further comprises an accelerating hydrogen source, an outlet of the accelerating hydrogen source is connected with an inlet of the gas heater through a second main air pipe, and an outlet of the hydrogen recycling system is connected with an inlet of the accelerating hydrogen source
The pressure of the powder feeding hydrogen source is 1.5-10MPa;
the pressure of the accelerating hydrogen source is 1-9.5MPa;
the heating temperature of the gas heater is 100-1200 ℃;
the speed of the micron-sized metal powder particles to be sprayed after being sprayed by the Laval nozzle is 1000-5000m/s.
2. The hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition process of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition apparatus further comprises a thermocouple and a pressure detector, both disposed in the powder preheating reaction chamber.
3. The hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition process of claim 1 wherein the outer walls of the first and second main gas pipes are each provided with a heat insulating layer.
4. The hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition process of claim 2 wherein the hydrogen recovery system comprises an extraction pump, a filter, a compressor, and a hydrogen storage tank connected in sequence, the inlet and outlet of the extraction pump being connected to the closed spray chamber and the filter, respectively, the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen storage tank being connected to the compressor and the source of accelerated hydrogen, respectively.
5. The hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition method of claim 4, wherein the hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition apparatus further comprises a hydrogen detector, the closed spray chamber, the hydrogen recovery system, the powder feed hydrogen source, the accelerated hydrogen source, the powder feeder, the gas heater, the first main gas pipe, the second main gas pipe, the first powder feed pipe, and the second powder feed pipe are each provided with the hydrogen detector.
6. The hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition process of claim 5, wherein the hydrogen powered metal solid state deposition apparatus further comprises a master control system electrically connected to the hydrogen recovery system, the powder delivery hydrogen source, the accelerated hydrogen source, the powder delivery device, the gas heater, the first main gas pipe, the second main gas pipe, the first powder delivery pipe, the second powder delivery pipe, the thermocouple, and the pressure detector.
7. The solid state deposition method of hydrogen powered metal according to claim 1, wherein the solid state deposition apparatus further comprises a closed spray chamber, wherein a substrate is further disposed in the closed spray chamber, and wherein the substrate is disposed at an outlet end of the laval nozzle.
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