CN111558455B - Energy-saving wet magnetic separator and control method thereof - Google Patents
Energy-saving wet magnetic separator and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111558455B CN111558455B CN202010570545.1A CN202010570545A CN111558455B CN 111558455 B CN111558455 B CN 111558455B CN 202010570545 A CN202010570545 A CN 202010570545A CN 111558455 B CN111558455 B CN 111558455B
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- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
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Abstract
The invention relates to an energy-saving wet magnetic separator and a control method thereof, wherein the energy-saving wet magnetic separator comprises a feeding part, a sorting part, a rotating column, an annular collecting part, a supporting part and a power supply part; the rotary column is arranged on the supporting part, the sorting part is arranged on the rotary column, the annular collecting part comprises an annular magnetic particle collecting tank and a non-magnetic particle collecting tank, the non-magnetic particle collecting tank is sleeved outside the magnetic particle collecting tank, an opening in the upper part of the magnetic particle collecting tank corresponds to an outlet of the sorting part when the sorting part does not rotate, the opening in the upper part of the non-magnetic particle collecting tank corresponds to the outlet of the sorting part when the sorting part rotates at a constant speed, and rotary power is generated by the matching of the feeding part and the sorting part; the sorting part adopts a redundant mounting structure capable of adjusting sorting quantity; the sorting capacity in unit time can be conveniently adjusted, faults can be rapidly eliminated, the operating efficiency of the whole production line is effectively improved, the impact force of water flow is used as the rotating power of the sorting part, and the overall power consumption of the magnetic separator is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of magnetic separation equipment, and particularly relates to an energy-saving wet magnetic separator for performing magnetic separation from fluid slurry and a control method thereof.
Background
In the history of human mineral extraction, magnetic fields are adopted to carry out magnetic separation on minerals for over one hundred years, a traditional wet magnetic separator is usually a cylindrical magnetic separator or a high-gradient magnetic separator, taking the cylindrical magnetic separator as an example, slurry to be separated flows into a groove body through a feeding box, and mineral particles enter a feeding area of the groove body in a loose state under the action of water flow of a water spray pipe. Under the action of the magnetic field, magnetic aggregation occurs on the magnetic ore particles to form magnetic groups or magnetic chains, and the magnetic groups or the magnetic chains move to the magnetic poles under the action of magnetic force in the ore pulp and are adsorbed on the magnetic separation part. Because the polarities of the magnetic poles are alternately arranged along the rotating direction of the cylinder and are fixed during working, when the magnetic groups or the magnetic chains rotate along with the cylinder, the magnetic stirring phenomenon is generated due to the alternation of the magnetic poles, nonmagnetic materials which are mixed in the magnetic groups or the magnetic chains are separated during turning, and finally the magnetic groups or the magnetic chains which are absorbed on the surface of the sorting part are magnetic substances. The magnetic separator is widely used in resource recovery, wood industry, mining industry, kiln industry, chemistry, biology, food and other application occasions.
No matter be cylinder magnet separator or high gradient magnet separator among the prior art, no matter adopt be permanent magnetism magnetic system or electromagnetism magnetic system, its magnetism is that mounting structure is all more complicated, must shut down the longer time when the magnetic system of magnet separator breaks down and carry out troubleshooting and dismouting and change spare part, causes the production line to shut down, influences holistic work efficiency. Meanwhile, the existing magnetic separators all need a specially-arranged power system, so that the power consumption of the whole magnetic separator is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention designs a wet magnetic separator with a novel structure, and the technical scheme is as follows:
an energy-saving wet magnetic separator comprises a feeding part, a sorting part, a rotating column, an annular collecting part, a supporting part and a power supply part; the column spinner is installed on the supporting part, the sorting part is installed on the column spinner, its characterized in that: the annular collecting part comprises a magnetic particle collecting tank and a non-magnetic particle collecting tank which are both annular, the non-magnetic particle collecting tank is sleeved outside the magnetic particle collecting tank, an upper opening of the magnetic particle collecting tank corresponds to an outlet of the sorting part when the sorting part does not rotate, the upper opening of the non-magnetic particle collecting tank corresponds to the outlet of the sorting part when the sorting part rotates at a constant speed, and rotary power is generated by matching the feeding part and the sorting part; the sorting part adopts a redundant mounting structure capable of adjusting sorting quantity.
Furthermore, the feeding part is provided with an upper support, a low-pressure flushing pipe, a high-pressure flushing pipe, a slurry pipe and a discharging pipe; the upper support is arranged at the upper part of the whole energy-saving wet magnetic separator, and the pipeline is fixed through the upper support; the low pressure flushing pipe high pressure flushing pipe with all be provided with respective valve on the thick liquids pipe, the low pressure flushing pipe high pressure flushing pipe with the thick liquids pipe all with the discharging pipe intercommunication, the discharging pipe to select separately the portion and supply liquid, install a plurality of ejection of compact throat on the export of discharging pipe for the blowout liquid, the inside high-pressure thick liquids that supplies of thick liquids pipe.
Further, the sorting part comprises a material receiving box, an elastic hose and a magnetic separation part; the magnetic separation part is composed of a magnetic separation tube, an electromagnetic cavity, an electromagnetic coil and a contact switch; the material receiving box is of a box body structure with a regular polygon cross section, an opening is formed in the upper portion of the material receiving box and used for receiving liquid discharged by the discharge pipe, a plurality of baffle plates which are radially distributed in the center are arranged on the bottom of the material receiving box, and nozzles of the discharge necking correspond to the baffle plates; the side wall of the lower part of the material receiving box is provided with an opening, each opening is communicated with a respective magnetic separation part through a respective elastic hose, so that liquid enters a magnetic separation pipe of the magnetic separation part through the opening and the elastic hose; the magnetic separation part and the corresponding elastic hose are of detachable and replaceable structures.
Further, the outside of magnetic separation pipe is provided with the electromagnetism chamber, be close to in the electromagnetism chamber the position of magnetic separation pipe outer wall is installed solenoid, install outside the electromagnetism chamber contact switch, can after the solenoid circular telegram form the magnetic field in the pipeline of magnetic separation pipe, contact switch is used for control the break-make of solenoid power supply.
Further, a contact rod is installed on the upper portion of the rotating column, the far end of the contact rod is matched with the contact switch, the electromagnetic coil is powered off when the contact rod is in contact with the contact switch, and the electromagnetic coil is powered on when the contact rod is not in contact with the contact switch.
Furthermore, the supporting part comprises a middle supporting frame, a bottom supporting frame and a power distribution mounting groove, and the middle supporting frame and the power distribution mounting groove are mounted on the bottom supporting frame; the rotating column is of a hollow structure; the middle part of the rotary column is rotatably connected with the middle support frame through an upper bearing, the lower part of the rotary column is rotatably connected with the power distribution mounting groove through a lower bearing, the bottom of the rotary column is rotatably connected with the bottom support frame through a bottom bearing, the bottom bearing is preferably a thrust bearing, and the top of the rotary column is fixedly connected to the central position of the bottom of the material receiving box; the middle support frame is preferably of a round table structure, the power distribution mounting groove is preferably of a rectangular box structure, and the lower bearing and the bottom bearing are arranged inside the power distribution mounting groove and are fixed in position through a fixing sleeve.
Further, the power supply part comprises a brush, a distribution ring, a conversion circuit, a direct current lead and an elastic spiral lead; the distribution ring sets up the column spinner lower part is located in the distribution mounting groove, the distribution ring is formed by the semi-circular ring butt joint that two conducting material made, two the butt joint department all is provided with the insulating block, the brush has two, and a connection power is anodal, and a connection power negative pole, every the brush head of brush and one rather than corresponding the contact in the semi-circular ring outside realizes the electrical property and switches on, every the inboard of semi-circular ring all is connected with a wire, and two wires are connected to in the converting circuit.
Further, the conversion circuit realizes stable direct current output through the direct current lead by a rectifier bridge and a voltage stabilizing capacitor circuit, the electric brush is arranged in the power distribution installation groove, and the conversion circuit is arranged in the inner channel of the rotary column; the direct current wire is along the internal channel of column spinner upwards extends, is being close to the position of material receiving box lower part divides into the multibeam, every bunch direct current wire is along material receiving box bottom to the magnetic separation portion extends, is being close to behind the position of magnetic separation portion the direct current wire passes through elasticity spiral wire electric connection to contact switch, through contact switch is for the solenoid supplies power.
The control method of the energy-saving wet magnetic separator comprises the following operation steps in one operation period:
firstly, a valve of a high-pressure flushing pipe is opened, high-pressure clear water is ejected through a discharging pipe and a discharging necking to impact the side face of a baffle, a plurality of discharging necking can generate continuous impact on a plurality of baffles so as to drive a sorting part to rotate, when the rotating speed of the sorting part is stable, an included angle smaller than 90 degrees is formed between a magnetic separation part and a horizontal plane due to the action of centrifugal force, and an outlet of a magnetic separation pipe corresponds to an upper end opening of an annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank; the contact switch of the magnetic separation part is separated from the contact rod, the contact switch is closed, the electromagnetic coil is electrified, and a magnetic field is generated in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe;
then, closing a valve of a high-pressure flushing pipe, simultaneously opening a valve on a slurry pipe, introducing the prepared high-pressure slurry to be sorted into a discharge pipe, ejecting the high-pressure slurry to be sorted through the discharge pipe and a discharge reducing port, impacting the side surface of a baffle in a material receiving box, enabling the high-pressure slurry ejected by the discharge reducing ports to continuously impact a plurality of baffles, adjusting the pressure of the slurry, enabling a sorting part to keep an original rotating state, enabling the slurry to be sorted to enter a magnetic separation pipe through an opening in the side wall of the lower part of the material receiving box through an elastic hose, adsorbing ferromagnetic materials in the slurry to be sorted in a pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe by a magnetic field under the action of the magnetic field, and discharging nonmagnetic materials into an annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank through an outlet of the magnetic separation pipe;
finally, after operating for a period of time, close the valve on the thick liquids pipe, cut off the transport of waiting to select separately high-pressure thick liquids, the effect of the part of selecting separately rotation centrifugal force that stops gradually disappears, magnetic separation portion can be gradually perpendicular to the horizontal plane by outside open position gradually, the export of magnetic separation pipe corresponds the upper end opening of annular magnetic particle collecting vat this moment, contact between contact switch and the contact lever, the contact switch disconnection, the magnetic field in the magnetic separation pipe pipeline disappears, ferromagnetic material in the magnetic separation pipe pipeline loses the adsorption affinity and falls into annular magnetic particle collecting vat, the valve of opening low pressure flushing pipe again washes whole part of selecting separately with the clear water, supplementary ferromagnetic material's collection, close the valve of low pressure flushing pipe after washing.
Compared with the prior art, the wet magnetic separator has the beneficial effects that the wet magnetic separator with a new structure is adopted, the separation amount in unit time can be expanded by setting the shape of the material receiving box in the separation part, and meanwhile, the side edges of the openings and the number of the magnetic separation parts connected with the side edges can be selectively increased or reduced according to the actual separation requirement, so that the purpose of adjusting the separation amount in unit time is achieved; meanwhile, a redundant installation mode can be adopted, when one or more magnetic separation parts have faults, the magnetic separation parts with the faults can be conveniently and directly replaced, or the magnetic separation parts with the faults are sealed, the work of other normal magnetic separation parts is not influenced, and the operation efficiency of the whole production line is effectively improved; meanwhile, the impact force of the slurry water flow is used as the power for rotating the sorting part, and a power device is not required to be arranged independently, so that the overall power consumption of the magnetic separator is effectively reduced, and the magnetic separator has a wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a main view of a magnetic separator according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the main structure of a magnetic separator according to one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the main structure of a magnetic separator in a rotating state according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a magnetic separator according to the first embodiment in a rotating state;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the main structure of a magnetic separator in the second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the magnetic separator of the second embodiment;
FIG. 7 is the main view of the magnetic separator in the third embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the main structure of a magnetic separator in the third embodiment;
FIG. 9 shows a detailed structure of a power supply unit of a magnetic separator;
FIG. 10 is a top view structural view of a plural kinds of sorting units in the fourth embodiment
Description of the reference numerals
1. A feeding section; 11. an upper bracket; 12. a flush pipe; 121. a low pressure flush pipe; 122. a high pressure flush pipe; 13. a slurry pipe; 14. a discharge pipe; 141. discharging and necking; 15. feeding a hopper;
2. a sorting section; 21. a material receiving box; 211. a baffle plate; 212. a material separating cone; 22. an elastic hose; 23. a magnetic separation section; 231. a magnetic separation tube; 232. an electromagnetic cavity; 233. an electromagnetic coil; 234. a contact switch;
3. a power section; 31. a spin column; 32. a contact lever; 33. a transmission mechanism; 34. a motor;
4. an annular collecting portion; 41. a magnetic particle collection tank; 42. a non-magnetic particle collection tank;
5. a support portion; 51. a middle support frame; 511. an upper bearing; 52. a bottom support frame; 53. a power distribution mounting groove; 531. a lower bearing; 532. fixing a sleeve; 533. a bottom bearing;
6. a power supply unit; 61. an electric brush; 62. a distribution ring; 622. an insulating block; 63. a conversion circuit; 631. a rectifier bridge; 632. a voltage stabilizing capacitor; 64. a direct current lead; 65. an elastic spiral wire. .
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following specific examples.
Example one
Referring to FIG. 1, the magnetic separator includes a feed section 1, a sorting section 2, a power section 3, an annular collecting section 4, a support section 5, and a power supply section 6.
Referring to fig. 2, the magnetic separator is a wet magnetic separator for magnetically separating slurry mixed with magnetic materials, and a feeding part 1 of the magnetic separator is provided with an upper bracket 11, a flushing pipe 12, a slurry pipe 13 and a discharging pipe 14; the upper bracket 11 is arranged at the upper part of the whole wet magnetic separator, and the flushing pipe 12, the slurry pipe 13 and the discharge pipe 14 are fixed through the upper bracket 11; the flushing pipe 12 and the slurry pipe 13 are respectively provided with a valve, and the valves can be manual valves or electric control valves; the flushing pipe 12 is filled with clear water for flushing, the slurry pipe 13 is filled with prepared slurry to be magnetically separated, the flushing pipe 12 and the slurry pipe 13 are both communicated with the discharge pipe 14, and the discharge pipe 14 supplies liquid to the separation part 2.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the sorting part 2 of the magnetic separator comprises a material receiving box 21, an elastic hose 22 and a magnetic separation part 23; the magnetic separation part 23 is composed of a magnetic separation tube 231, an electromagnetic cavity 232, an electromagnetic coil 233 and a contact switch 234; the material receiving box 21 is of a rectangular structure, and the upper part of the material receiving box is provided with an opening for receiving liquid discharged from the outlet of the material discharging pipe 14; the side wall of the lower part of the material receiving box 21 is provided with an opening, each opening is communicated with a respective magnetic separation part 23 through a respective elastic hose 22, so that liquid enters the magnetic separation part 23 through the opening and the elastic hose 22, the specific elastic hose 22 is communicated with an inlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231, and the magnetic separation part 23 and the corresponding elastic hose 22 are of a detachable and replaceable structure. An electromagnetic cavity 232 is arranged outside the magnetic separation tube 231, an electromagnetic coil 233 is arranged in the electromagnetic cavity 232 and close to the outer wall of the magnetic separation tube 231, a contact switch 234 is arranged outside the electromagnetic cavity 232, the electromagnetic coil 233 can form a magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube 231 after being electrified, and the contact switch 234 is used for controlling the on-off of the power supply of the electromagnetic coil 233; preferably, openings at two sides of the lower portion of the material receiving box 21 are rectangular structures, the corresponding pipeline cross sections of the elastic hose 22 and the magnetic separation tube 231 are also rectangular structures, the magnetic separation tube 231 is preferably made of paramagnetic materials, and the elastic hose 22 is preferably made of high polymer materials such as rubber.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the power section 3 of the magnetic separator comprises a rotary column 31, a contact rod 32, a transmission mechanism 33 and a motor 34; the supporting part 5 of the magnetic separator comprises a middle supporting frame 51, a bottom supporting frame 52 and a power distribution mounting groove 53, wherein the middle supporting frame 51 and the power distribution mounting groove 53 are both mounted on the bottom supporting frame 52; the power part 3 of the magnetic separator is installed on the supporting part 5, the middle part of the rotating column 31 is rotatably connected with the middle supporting frame 51 through the upper bearing 511, the lower part of the rotating column 31 is rotatably connected with the power distribution installation groove 53 through the lower bearing 531, the bottom of the rotating column 31 is rotatably connected with the bottom supporting frame 52 through the bottom bearing 533, the bottom bearing 533 is preferably a thrust bearing, the top of the rotating column 31 is fixedly connected to the central position of the bottom of the material receiving box 21, and the rotating column 31 is of a hollow structure; the motor 34 is arranged on the bottom support frame 52, the motor 34 transmits power to the rotary column 31 through the transmission mechanism 33, so that the rotary column 31 rotates to drive the whole sorting part 2 to rotate, the transmission mechanism 33 is arranged between the middle support frame 51 and the power distribution installation groove 53, and can be in various forms such as belt transmission, chain transmission, gear transmission and the like, and the belt transmission structure is drawn in the drawing; the contact lever 32 is installed on the upper portion of the rotary column 31, the distal end of the contact lever 32 cooperates with the contact switch 234 of the sorting section 2, the contact switch 234 is a normally closed switch in normal operation, the electromagnetic coil 233 is de-energized when the contact lever 32 contacts the contact switch 234, and the electromagnetic coil 233 is energized when the contact lever 32 does not contact the contact switch 234; the lower part of the bottom support frame 52 is provided with an adjustable support leg; the middle support frame 51 is preferably in a circular truncated cone structure, the upper bearing 511 is arranged at the upper part of the middle support frame, the power distribution installation groove 53 is preferably in a rectangular box structure, and the lower bearing 531 and the bottom bearing 533 are arranged in the power distribution installation groove 53 and are positioned and fixed through a fixing sleeve 532;
referring to fig. 2-4, the annular collecting portion 4 of the magnetic separator includes a magnetic particle collecting tank 41 and a non-magnetic particle collecting tank 42, both the magnetic particle collecting tank 41 and the non-magnetic particle collecting tank 42 are circular grooves, the non-magnetic particle collecting tank 42 is sleeved outside the magnetic particle collecting tank 41, when the sorting portion 2 does not rotate, an upper opening of the magnetic particle collecting tank 41 corresponds to an outlet of the magnetic separation tube 231, and when the sorting portion 2 rotates at a constant speed, an upper opening of the non-magnetic particle collecting tank 42 corresponds to an outlet of the magnetic separation tube 231; the inner side wall of the preferred magnetic particle collecting tank 41 is fixedly connected with a middle supporting frame 51 of a circular truncated cone structure.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 9, the power supply part 6 of the magnetic separator comprises a brush 61, a distribution ring 62, a conversion circuit 63, a direct current lead 64 and an elastic spiral lead 65; the distribution ring 62 of the power supply part 6 is arranged at the lower part of the rotary column 31 and positioned in the distribution mounting groove 53, the distribution ring 62 is formed by butting two semicircular rings made of conductive materials, an insulating block 622 is arranged at the butt joint of the two semicircular rings, so that electrical isolation exists between the two semicircular rings, two brushes 61 are provided, one brush is connected with a power supply anode and the other brush is connected with a power supply cathode, the brush head of each brush 61 is contacted with the outer side of one semicircular ring to realize electrical conduction, the inner side of each semicircular ring is connected with a lead, the two leads are connected into a conversion circuit 63, stable direct current is output through a direct current lead 64 by a rectifier bridge 631 and a voltage stabilizing capacitor 632, the brushes 61 are arranged in the distribution mounting groove 53, and the conversion circuit 63 is arranged in an internal channel of the rotary column 31; the direct current lead 64 extends upwards along the internal channel of the rotary column 31 and is divided into a plurality of bundles at the position close to the lower part of the material receiving box 21, each bundle of direct current lead 64 extends towards the magnetic separation part 23 along the bottom of the material receiving box 21, the direct current lead 64 is electrically connected to the contact switch 234 through the elastic spiral lead 65 after the position close to the magnetic separation part 23, the contact switch 234 supplies power to the electromagnetic coil 233, and the structure of the elastic spiral lead 65 can effectively reduce the metal fatigue inside the lead and the lead fracture caused by the lead dragging of the magnetic separation part 23 during movement.
The working method and the operation principle of the device are as follows:
referring to fig. 1-4 and 9, when the wet magnetic separator is used, firstly, the motor 34 of the power part 3 is started, the motor 34 drives the rotating column 31 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 33, the rotating column 31 drives the material receiving box 21 fixedly connected with the rotating column 31 to rotate, so as to drive the whole separation part 2 to rotate, when the separation part 2 rotates, the magnetic separation part 23 connected with the elastic hose 22 gradually expands outwards from a position vertical to the horizontal plane due to the action of centrifugal force, when the rotating speed of the motor 34 is stable, an included angle smaller than 90 degrees is formed between the magnetic separation part 23 and the horizontal plane, and the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231 corresponds to the upper end opening of the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42; at this time, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is separated from the contact rod 32, the contact switch 234 is closed, the direct current transmitted by the direct current lead 64 through the elastic spiral lead 65 is connected into the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232, and the electromagnetic coil 233 generates a magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube 231 after being electrified.
The working principle of the power supply part 6 is that two brushes 61, one is connected with the positive pole of the power supply, the other is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, the brush head of each brush 61 is in contact with the outer side of a semicircular ring, the inner side of each semicircular ring is connected with a conducting wire, because the distribution ring 62 is driven to rotate when the rotary column 31 rotates, and the two brushes 61 are fixed, therefore, the pair of conducting wires output to the conversion circuit 63 in the rotary column 31 is alternating current, and the alternating current realizes stable direct current output to the magnetic separation part 23 through the direct current conducting wire 64 and the elastic spiral conducting wire 65 through the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit consisting of the rectifier bridge 631 and the voltage stabilizing capacitor 632 in the conversion circuit 63.
Then, the valve on the slurry pipe 13 is opened, the prepared slurry to be sorted is introduced into the discharge pipe 14, the slurry to be sorted is discharged into the material receiving box 21 of the sorting part 2 through the outlet of the discharge pipe 14, and enters the magnetic separation pipe 231 of the magnetic separation part 23 through the openings on the two sides of the lower part of the material receiving box 21 through the elastic hose 22, due to the action of the magnetic field, the ferromagnetic materials in the slurry to be sorted are adsorbed in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 by the magnetic field, the nonmagnetic materials are discharged into the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42 through the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231, and the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 can be adjusted by adjusting the current magnitude of the electromagnetic coil 233, so that the ferromagnetic materials with different magnetic intensities can be selected and sorted.
Finally, after a period of time has elapsed, the valve in the slurry pipe 13 is closed, the feed of the slurry to be sorted is cut off, then the operation of the motor 34 of the power section 3 is turned off, the sorting section 2 gradually stops rotating, the magnetic separation part 23 gradually becomes vertical to the horizontal plane from the outward-opened position due to the effect of the centrifugal force, at this time, the outlet of the magnetic separation tube 231 corresponds to the upper opening of the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, meanwhile, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is in contact with the contact rod 32, at this time, the contact switch 234 is disconnected, the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232 is powered off, the magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 disappears, the ferromagnetic material in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 loses the adsorption force and falls into the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, and opening the valve of the flushing pipe 12 to flush the whole sorting part 2 with clear water to assist the collection of ferromagnetic materials, and closing the valve of the flushing pipe 12 after flushing.
The operation process of the wet magnetic separator in one operation period is the above, and the specific operation time can be correspondingly adjusted and designed according to the actual material sorting condition.
Example two
Referring to fig. 5-6, the magnetic separator of this embodiment is an energy-saving wet magnetic separator, which is further modified to save energy on the basis of the first embodiment, in which the transmission mechanism 33 and the motor 34 in the power portion 3 in the first embodiment are removed, and the flushing pipe 12 is specifically divided into a low-pressure flushing pipe 121 and a high-pressure flushing pipe 122, the low-pressure flushing pipe 121 and the high-pressure flushing pipe 122 are both communicated with the discharge pipe 14, and the low-pressure flushing pipe 121 and the high-pressure flushing pipe 122 are both provided with respective valves, which may be manual valves or electric control valves, low-pressure clear water is introduced into the low-pressure flushing pipe 121, and high-pressure clear water is introduced into the high-pressure flushing pipe 122; in the embodiment, high-pressure slurry is introduced into the slurry pipe 13; a plurality of discharge throats 141 are installed on the outlet of the discharge pipe 14 for spraying out liquid.
Connect and be provided with a plurality of baffle 211 that is the radial distribution in center on the bottom of the case of workbin 21, the spout of ejection of compact throat 141 corresponds baffle 211 for when high-pressure clear water or high-pressure thick liquids erupt from ejection of compact throat 141, can strike the side of baffle 211, a plurality of ejection of compact throat 141 can produce the impact that lasts to a plurality of baffle 211, thereby drives and connects workbin 21 and whole sorting unit 2 to rotate.
The working method and the operation principle of the device are as follows:
referring to fig. 5-6 and 9, when the energy-saving wet magnetic separator is used, firstly, the valve of the high-pressure flushing pipe 122 is opened, high-pressure clean water is ejected through the discharge pipe 14 and the discharge reducing ports 141 and impacts the side surfaces of the baffles 211, the discharge reducing ports 141 can continuously impact the baffles 211, so as to drive the material receiving box 21 and the whole separation part 2 to rotate, when the separation part 2 rotates, due to the action of centrifugal force, the magnetic separation part 23 connected with the elastic hose 22 gradually opens outwards from a position perpendicular to the horizontal plane, when the rotation speed of the separation part 2 is stable, an included angle smaller than 90 degrees is formed between the magnetic separation part 23 and the horizontal plane, and the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231 corresponds to the upper opening of the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42; at this time, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is separated from the contact rod 32, the contact switch 234 is closed, the direct current transmitted by the direct current lead 64 through the elastic spiral lead 65 is connected into the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232, and the electromagnetic coil 233 generates a magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube 231 after being electrified.
The working principle of the power supply part 6 is that two brushes 61, one is connected with the positive pole of the power supply, the other is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, the brush head of each brush 61 is in contact with the outer side of a semicircular ring, the inner side of each semicircular ring is connected with a conducting wire, because the distribution ring 62 is driven to rotate when the rotary column 31 rotates, and the two brushes 61 are fixed, therefore, the pair of conducting wires output to the conversion circuit 63 in the rotary column 31 is alternating current, and the alternating current realizes stable direct current output to the magnetic separation part 23 through the direct current conducting wire 64 and the elastic spiral conducting wire 65 through the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit consisting of the rectifier bridge 631 and the voltage stabilizing capacitor 632 in the conversion circuit 63.
Then, the valve of the high-pressure flushing pipe 122 is closed, the valve on the slurry pipe 13 is opened at the same time, the blended high-pressure slurry to be sorted is introduced into the discharge pipe 14, the high-pressure slurry to be sorted is ejected through the discharge pipe 14 and the discharge reducing ports 141 and impacts the side surfaces of the baffles 211 in the material receiving box 21, the high-pressure slurry ejected through the discharge reducing ports 141 can continuously impact the baffles 211 to adjust the pressure of the slurry, so that the sorting part 2 keeps the original rotating state, the slurry to be sorted enters the magnetic separation pipe 231 of the magnetic separation part 23 through the openings on the two sides of the lower part of the material receiving box 21 through the elastic hose 22, due to the action of the magnetic field, ferromagnetic materials in the slurry to be sorted are adsorbed in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 by the magnetic field, nonmagnetic materials are discharged into the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42 through the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231, the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the current of the electromagnetic coil 233, so that ferromagnetic materials with different magnetic strengths can be selected and sorted.
Finally, after a period of time, the valve on the slurry pipe 13 is closed, the conveying of the high-pressure slurry to be sorted is cut off, the sorting part 2 stops rotating gradually, the magnetic separation part 23 gradually becomes vertical to the horizontal plane from the outward-opened position due to the effect of the centrifugal force, at this time, the outlet of the magnetic separation tube 231 corresponds to the upper opening of the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, meanwhile, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is in contact with the contact rod 32, at this time, the contact switch 234 is disconnected, the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232 is powered off, the magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 disappears, the ferromagnetic material in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 loses the adsorption force and falls into the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, and opening the valve of the low-pressure flushing pipe 121 to flush the whole sorting part 2 with clear water to assist the collection of ferromagnetic materials, and closing the valve of the low-pressure flushing pipe 121 after flushing.
The working process of the energy-saving wet magnetic separator in one operation period is described above, and the specific operation time and the liquid pressure can be adjusted and designed correspondingly according to the actual material separation condition.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to the attached fig. 7-9, the magnetic separator of this embodiment is a dry magnetic separator, which is used for magnetic separation of dry powder materials, and is adapted on the basis of the first embodiment, the flushing pipe 12, the slurry pipe 13 and the discharging pipe 14 of the feeding portion 1 in the first embodiment are removed, the discharging hopper 15 is installed on the upper support 11 of the feeding portion 1, and the outlet of the discharging hopper 15 corresponds to the upper opening of the receiving box 21 in the separation portion 2; a material distributing cone 212 is arranged in the material receiving box 21, and the cone top of the material distributing cone 212 is opposite to the discharge hole of the lower hopper 15 and used for guiding the falling materials to slide to the sorting part 2.
Because the material being magnetically separated is dry powder material, in order to improve the separation efficiency of the magnetic separation part 23, the electromagnetic cavity 232 in the first embodiment is arranged to surround the outer wall of the whole magnetic separation tube 231, and meanwhile, the electromagnetic coil 233 arranged in the magnetic separation tube 231 also surrounds the outer wall of the whole magnetic separation tube 231, so that the strength of the magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube 231 can be improved, the uniformity of the magnetic field distribution therein can also be improved, and the capture capacity of the magnetic particles in the dry powder material is improved.
Polymer-based self-lubricating material layers, such as Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Polyimide (PI), Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), Polyoxymethylene (POM), and the like, are arranged on the inner wall of the whole material receiving box 21, the outer surface of the material separating cone 212 and the inner pipe walls of the elastic hose 22 and the magnetic separation pipe 231, so that the material conveying capacity is improved;
the working method and the operation principle of the device are as follows:
referring to fig. 7-9, when the dry magnetic separator is used, firstly, the motor 34 of the power section 3 is started, the motor 34 drives the rotating column 31 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 33, the rotating column 31 drives the material receiving box 21 fixedly connected with the rotating column 31 to rotate, so as to drive the whole separation section 2 to rotate, when the separation section 2 rotates, the magnetic separation section 23 connected with the elastic hose 22 gradually opens outwards from a position vertical to the horizontal plane due to the action of centrifugal force, when the rotating speed of the motor 34 is stable, an included angle smaller than 90 degrees is formed between the magnetic separation section 23 and the horizontal plane, and the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231 corresponds to the upper end opening of the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42; at this time, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is separated from the contact rod 32, the contact switch 234 is closed, the direct current transmitted by the direct current lead 64 through the elastic spiral lead 65 is connected into the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232, and the electromagnetic coil 233 generates a magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation tube 231 after being electrified.
The working principle of the power supply part 6 is that two brushes 61, one is connected with the positive pole of the power supply, the other is connected with the negative pole of the power supply, the brush head of each brush 61 is in contact with the outer side of a semicircular ring, the inner side of each semicircular ring is connected with a conducting wire, because the distribution ring 62 is driven to rotate when the rotary column 31 rotates, and the two brushes 61 are fixed, therefore, the pair of conducting wires output to the conversion circuit 63 in the rotary column 31 is alternating current, and the alternating current realizes stable direct current output to the magnetic separation part 23 through the direct current conducting wire 64 and the elastic spiral conducting wire 65 through the rectification voltage stabilizing circuit consisting of the rectifier bridge 631 and the voltage stabilizing capacitor 632 in the conversion circuit 63.
Then, the powdery material to be sorted is added into the material receiving box 21 through the discharging hopper 15, the powdery material is divided by the material dividing cone 212 and then enters the magnetic separation pipe 231 of the magnetic separation part 23 through the openings at the two sides of the lower part of the material receiving box 21 through the elastic hose 22 (the separation part drives the powdery material therein to generate centrifugal force when rotating and can assist the flowing of the powdery material), due to the action of the magnetic field, the ferromagnetic material in the powdery material to be sorted is adsorbed in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 by the magnetic field, the nonmagnetic material is discharged into the annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank 42 through the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231, the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 can be adjusted by adjusting the current magnitude of the electromagnetic coil 233, and therefore the ferromagnetic material with different magnetic strengths can be selected and sorted.
Finally, after a period of time, the discharging of the hopper 15 is stopped, then the operation of the motor 34 of the power part 3 is closed, the separation part 2 stops rotating gradually, the magnetic separation part 23 gradually becomes perpendicular to the horizontal plane from the outward-opened position due to the action of centrifugal force, the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe 231 corresponds to the upper end opening of the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, meanwhile, the contact switch 234 of the magnetic separation part 23 is in contact with the contact rod 32, the contact switch 234 is disconnected at this time, the electromagnetic coil 233 in the electromagnetic cavity 232 is powered off, the magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 disappears, meanwhile, due to the adoption of the polymer-based self-lubricating material layer, the ferromagnetic material in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe 231 loses the adsorption force and falls into the annular magnetic particle collecting tank 41, volatile liquid such as methanol, ethanol and the like can be used for washing the whole magnetic separation part, or the air flow is used for blowing and cleaning, and (5) assisting the collection of ferromagnetic materials.
The operation process of the dry magnetic separator in one operation period is the above, and the specific operation time can be correspondingly adjusted and designed according to the actual material sorting condition.
Example four
Referring to fig. 10, the sorting part 2 is modified on the basis of the first, second and third embodiments, the material receiving box 21 is a cube or a regular hexagon cube, each side of the material receiving box 21 has an opening, each side is connected with the elastic hose 22 and the magnetic separation part 23, the openings, the elastic hoses 22 and the magnetic separation part 23 are sequentially communicated, the sorting amount in unit time can be expanded by setting the shape of the material receiving box 21 in the sorting part 2, and the number of the opening sides and the magnetic separation parts 23 connected with the opening sides can be selectively increased or decreased according to actual sorting requirements, so that the purpose of adjusting the sorting amount in unit time is achieved; meanwhile, a redundant installation mode can be adopted, when one or more magnetic separation parts 23 have faults, the magnetic separation part 23 with the faults can be directly replaced, or the magnetic separation part 23 with the faults is sealed, and the work of other normal magnetic separation parts 23 is not influenced.
The technical solutions in the above embodiments have clearly and completely described the contents of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An energy-saving wet magnetic separator comprises a feeding part (1), a sorting part (2), a rotating column (31), an annular collecting part (4), a supporting part (5) and a power supply part (6); the column spinner (31) is mounted on the support (5), the sorting section (2) is mounted on the column spinner (31), characterized in that: the annular collecting part (4) comprises a magnetic particle collecting tank (41) and a non-magnetic particle collecting tank (42), the magnetic particle collecting tank (41) and the non-magnetic particle collecting tank (42) are both annular, the non-magnetic particle collecting tank (42) is sleeved outside the magnetic particle collecting tank (41), when the sorting part (2) does not rotate, an upper opening of the magnetic particle collecting tank (41) corresponds to an outlet of the sorting part (2), when the sorting part (2) rotates at a constant speed, an upper opening of the non-magnetic particle collecting tank (42) corresponds to an outlet of the sorting part (2), and rotary power is generated by impacting the sorting part (2) with high-pressure slurry sprayed by the feeding part (1); the sorting part (2) adopts a redundant mounting structure capable of adjusting the sorting quantity;
the feeding part (1) is provided with an upper support (11), a low-pressure flushing pipe (121), a high-pressure flushing pipe (122), a slurry pipe (13) and a discharging pipe (14); the upper support (11) is arranged at the upper part of the whole energy-saving wet magnetic separator, and the pipeline is fixed through the upper support (11); the low-pressure flushing pipe (121), the high-pressure flushing pipe (122) and the slurry pipe (13) are respectively provided with a valve, the low-pressure flushing pipe (121), the high-pressure flushing pipe (122) and the slurry pipe (13) are communicated with the discharge pipe (14), the discharge pipe (14) supplies liquid to the sorting part (2), a plurality of discharge reducing ports (141) are mounted on an outlet of the discharge pipe (14) and used for spraying out liquid, and high-pressure slurry is supplied into the slurry pipe (13);
the sorting part (2) comprises a material receiving box (21), an elastic hose (22) and a magnetic separation part (23); the magnetic separation part (23) is composed of a magnetic separation tube (231), an electromagnetic cavity (232), an electromagnetic coil (233) and a contact switch (234); the material receiving box (21) is of a box body structure with a regular polygon cross section, an opening is formed in the upper portion of the material receiving box and used for receiving liquid discharged by the discharge pipe (14), a plurality of baffle plates (211) distributed radially in the center are arranged on the bottom of the material receiving box (21), and nozzles of the discharge necking (141) correspond to the baffle plates (211); the side wall of the lower part of the material receiving box (21) is provided with openings, each opening is communicated with a respective magnetic separation part (23) through a respective elastic hose (22), so that liquid enters a magnetic separation pipe (231) of the magnetic separation part (23) through the opening and the elastic hose (22); the magnetic separation part (23) and the corresponding elastic hose (22) are of a detachable and replaceable structure;
a contact rod (32) is installed on the upper portion of the rotating column (31), the far end of the contact rod (32) is matched with the contact switch (234), the electromagnetic coil (233) is powered off when the contact rod (32) contacts the contact switch (234), and the electromagnetic coil (233) is powered on when the contact rod (32) does not contact the contact switch (234).
2. The energy-saving wet magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein: the outside of magnetic separation pipe (231) is provided with electromagnetism chamber (232), be close to in electromagnetism chamber (232) the position of magnetic separation pipe (231) outer wall is installed solenoid (233), install outside electromagnetism chamber (232) contact switch (234), can after solenoid (233) circular telegram form magnetic field in the pipeline of magnetic separation pipe (231), contact switch (234) are used for control the break-make of solenoid (233) power supply.
3. The energy-saving wet magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting part (5) comprises a middle supporting frame (51), a bottom supporting frame (52) and a power distribution mounting groove (53), and the middle supporting frame (51) and the power distribution mounting groove (53) are mounted on the bottom supporting frame (52); the rotating column (31) is of a hollow structure; the middle part of the rotary column (31) is rotatably connected with the middle support frame (51) through an upper bearing (511), the lower part of the rotary column (31) is rotatably connected with the power distribution mounting groove (53) through a lower bearing (531), the bottom of the rotary column (31) is rotatably connected with the bottom support frame (52) through a bottom bearing (533), and the top of the rotary column (31) is fixedly connected to the bottom center position of the material receiving box (21); the lower bearing (531) and the bottom bearing (533) are arranged inside the power distribution mounting groove (53) and are positioned and fixed through a fixing sleeve (532).
4. The energy-saving wet magnetic separator according to claim 3, wherein: the power supply part (6) comprises a brush (61), a distribution ring (62), a conversion circuit (63), a direct current lead (64) and an elastic spiral lead (65); distribution ring (62) set up be located column spinner (31) lower part in distribution mounting groove (53), distribution ring (62) are formed by the semi-circular ring butt joint that two conducting material made, two butt joint department all is provided with insulating block (622), brush (61) have two, a connection power positive pole, a connection power negative pole, every brush head and the one that corresponds of brush (61) the semi-circular ring outside contact realizes the electrical conduction, every the inboard of semi-circular ring all is connected with a wire, two wires are connected to in converting circuit (63).
5. The energy-saving wet magnetic separator according to claim 4, wherein: the conversion circuit (63) realizes stable direct current output through the direct current lead (64) through a rectifier bridge (631) and a voltage stabilizing capacitor (632) circuit, the electric brush (61) is arranged in the power distribution installation groove (53), and the conversion circuit (63) is arranged in an internal channel of the rotary column (31); direct current wire (64) are followed the interior passageway of column spinner (31) upwards extends, is being close to connect the position of workbin (21) lower part to divide into the multibeam, every bunch direct current wire (64) are followed connect workbin (21) bottom to magnetic separation portion (23) extend, be close to after the position of magnetic separation portion (23) direct current wire (64) pass through elasticity spiral wire (65) electric connection to contact switch (234), through contact switch (234) are for solenoid (233) power supply.
6. An energy-saving wet magnetic separator control method, which adopts the energy-saving wet magnetic separator as claimed in any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that the method comprises the following operation steps in one operation period:
firstly, a valve of a high-pressure flushing pipe (122) is opened, high-pressure clear water is sprayed out through a discharge pipe (14) and a discharge reducing port (141), the side of a baffle (211) is impacted, a plurality of discharge reducing ports (141) can generate continuous impact on the plurality of baffles (211), so that a separation part (2) is driven to rotate, when the rotating speed of the separation part (2) is stable, an included angle smaller than 90 degrees can be formed between a magnetic separation part (23) and a horizontal plane due to the action of centrifugal force, and an outlet of a magnetic separation pipe (231) corresponds to an upper end opening of an annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank (42); the contact switch (234) of the magnetic separation part (23) is separated from the contact rod (32), the contact switch (234) is closed, the electromagnetic coil (233) is electrified, and a magnetic field is generated in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe (231);
then, a valve of the high-pressure flushing pipe (122) is closed, a valve on the slurry pipe (13) is opened at the same time, the prepared high-pressure slurry to be sorted is introduced into the discharge pipe (14), the high-pressure slurry to be sorted is ejected through the discharge pipe (14) and the discharge reducing ports (141) and impacts the side surfaces of the baffles (211) in the material receiving box (21), the high-pressure slurry ejected by the discharge reducing ports (141) can continuously impact the baffles (211) to adjust the pressure of the slurry, so that the sorting part (2) keeps the original rotating state, the slurry to be sorted enters the magnetic separation pipe (231) through the opening on the side wall of the lower part of the material receiving box (21) and the elastic hose (22), under the action of the magnetic field, the ferromagnetic materials in the slurry to be sorted are adsorbed in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe (231) by the magnetic field, the nonmagnetic materials are discharged into an annular nonmagnetic particle collecting tank (42) through an outlet of the magnetic separation pipe (231);
finally, after the slurry pipe (13) is operated for a period of time, a valve on the slurry pipe (13) is closed, the conveying of high-pressure slurry to be separated is cut off, the separation part (2) gradually stops rotating and the centrifugal force effect disappears, the magnetic separation part (23) gradually becomes vertical to the horizontal plane from the outward opening position, at the moment, the outlet of the magnetic separation pipe (231) corresponds to the upper end opening of the annular magnetic particle collecting tank (41), the contact switch (234) is in contact with the contact rod (32), the contact switch (234) is disconnected, the magnetic field in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe (231) disappears, ferromagnetic materials in the pipeline of the magnetic separation pipe (231) lose the adsorption force and fall into the annular magnetic particle collecting tank (41), and opening a valve of the low-pressure flushing pipe (121) to flush the whole sorting part (2) with clear water to assist the collection of ferromagnetic materials, and closing the valve of the low-pressure flushing pipe (121) after flushing.
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| CN114999300A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-02 | 河北省地质实验测试中心 | Wet magnetic separation test science popularization demonstration device |
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