CN111555253A - Strong transient electromagnetic pulse protector of DC power supply - Google Patents
Strong transient electromagnetic pulse protector of DC power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN111555253A CN111555253A CN202010495170.7A CN202010495170A CN111555253A CN 111555253 A CN111555253 A CN 111555253A CN 202010495170 A CN202010495170 A CN 202010495170A CN 111555253 A CN111555253 A CN 111555253A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using spark-gap arresters
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Abstract
The invention relates to a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device of a direct current power supply, which comprises a metal body, and a direct current input port and a direct current output port which are arranged on two sides of the metal body, wherein a cavity is formed in the metal body, a direct current protection circuit is arranged in the cavity, the direct current protection circuit comprises an eleventh inductor, a twelfth inductor and an eleventh transient suppression diode, one end of the eleventh inductor is used as the input end of the direct current protection circuit and is connected with the direct current input port, the other end of the eleventh inductor is connected with one end of the twelfth inductor and one end of the eleventh transient suppression diode, the other end of the twelfth inductor is used as the output end of the direct current protection circuit and is connected with the direct current output port, and the other end of the eleventh transient suppression diode is connected with the metal. The invention can provide core-ground strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection for the direct current power supply equipment and improve the strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection performance and reliability of the direct current power supply equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of direct-current power supplies, in particular to a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device of a direct-current power supply.
Background
In various electronic and electrical devices and facilities, a dc power supply is a key energy supply component. With the advent of the 5G wireless communication technology, the artificial intelligence technology and the world of everything interconnection, various electronic and electrical devices and facilities are being widely applied to the production and life of human beings, various complex and changeable electromagnetic environments are formed, and a direct-current power supply serving as a key component is placed in the complex and changeable electromagnetic environments and is very easy to be invaded or even damaged by various strong transient electromagnetic pulses, so that the normal work of the electronic and electrical devices and facilities is influenced. By integrating the current strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection technology and engineering application, a Direct Current (DC) transmission line is extremely easy to be invaded by microsecond (us) slow leading edge strong transient electromagnetic pulses (such as thunder electromagnetic pulses LEMP) and is also easy to be invaded by nanosecond (ns) or picosecond (ps) fast leading edge strong transient electromagnetic pulses (such as nuclear electromagnetic pulses NEMP/HEMP and high-power microwave pulses HPM).
In the research and application of the direct-current power supply strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection technology, the research and the engineering practice of the parallel protection technology of the slow-speed leading edge strong transient electromagnetic pulse are relatively rich and mature; the existing parallel protection technical scheme of the low-speed forward strong transient electromagnetic pulse of the direct-current power supply is difficult to protect the fast forward strong transient electromagnetic pulse at nanosecond (ns) or picosecond (ps) because the response speed is too slow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device of a direct-current power supply, which has the characteristics of high response speed, low protection cost, high protection performance and the like.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device of a direct current power supply comprises a metal body, and a direct current input port and a direct current output port which are arranged on two sides of the metal body, wherein a cavity is formed in the metal body, a direct current protection circuit is arranged in the cavity and comprises an eleventh inductor L11, a twelfth inductor L12 and an eleventh transient suppression diode TVS11, one end of the eleventh inductor L11 serves as an input end J1 of the direct current protection circuit and is connected with the direct current input port, the other end of the eleventh inductor L11 is connected with one end of the twelfth inductor L12 and one end of the eleventh transient suppression diode TVS11, the other end of the twelfth inductor L12 serves as an output end J2 of the direct current protection circuit and is connected with the direct current output port, and the other end of the eleventh transient suppression diode TVS11 is connected with the metal body.
By adopting the technical scheme, the core-ground strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection can be provided for the direct-current power supply equipment, the strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection performance and the reliability of the direct-current power supply equipment are improved, the eleventh transient suppression diode TVS11 is used for primary voltage limiting protection, the response speed is improved, and the response speed can reach picosecond level, so that the reliability of various direct-current working voltage power supplies is improved.
The invention further provides a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device for a direct current power supply in a preferred example, which includes a metal body, and a direct current input port and a direct current output port that are disposed on two sides of the metal body, wherein the metal body is provided with a cavity, a direct current protection circuit is disposed in the cavity, the direct current protection circuit includes a twenty-first inductor L21, a twenty-second inductor L22, a twenty-third inductor L23, a first gas discharge tube G1 and a twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21, one end of the twenty-first inductor L21 is used as an input end J1 of the direct current protection circuit and is connected to the direct current input port, the other end of the twenty-first inductor L21 is connected to one end of the twenty-third inductor L23 and one end of the first gas tvg 1, the other end of the twenty-third inductor L23 is connected to one end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode s21 and one end of the twenty-second inductor L22, the other end of the twenty-second inductor L22 is used as the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port, and the other end of the first gas discharge tube G1 and the other end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 are connected to the metal body.
By adopting the technical scheme, the core-ground strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection can be provided for the direct current power supply equipment, the strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection performance and the reliability of the direct current power supply equipment are improved, the first gas discharge tube G1 and the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 are used for secondary voltage limiting protection, the response speed is improved, and can reach picosecond level, so that the reliability of various direct current working voltage power supplies is improved.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the direct current protection circuit further comprises a twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22, and the other end of the first gas discharge tube G1 is connected in series with the twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22 and then connected with the metal body.
By adopting the technical scheme, the problem of follow current of the first gas discharge tube G1 is solved by connecting the first gas discharge tube G1 and the twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22 in series, so that the protection device is suitable for working at a voltage of more than 24VDC and is universal for direct-current voltage power supplies of various voltage levels, and the stability of inter-electrode capacitance and the distribution of capacitance are facilitated; meanwhile, the arc quenching capability of the first gas discharge tube G1 is improved, so that the reliability and the practicability of the whole protection device are improved.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the other end of the first gas discharge tube G1 and the other end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 are connected with the grounding conductor plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the grounding conductor plate is composed of the whole conductors such as the brass tin plate and the circuit board connected with the metalized via hole, the grounding conductor plate is fixed on the inner wall of the cavity by the metal screw to form good grounding, and the grounding end of the direct current protection circuit is pulled down to the grounding conductor plate to form a grounding discharge channel.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the dc protection circuit further includes a thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32, which replaces the second gas discharge tube G2 with the thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS 32.
By adopting the technical scheme, the defects of low response speed, high residual voltage, poor reliability, high maintenance cost and the like of the protection technology of the gas discharge tube are overcome, the response speed is improved by adopting the transient suppression diode, and the response speed can reach picosecond level, so that the reliability of various direct-current working voltage power supplies is improved.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the circuit from the input terminal J1 of the dc protection circuit to the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 is symmetrical to the circuit from the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit to the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS 31.
By adopting the technical scheme, the input end J1 of the direct current protection circuit and the output end J2 of the direct current protection circuit can be interchanged, namely, the direct current input port and the direct current output port can be interchanged, the polarity difference between the surge input end and the output protection end is avoided, the installation is convenient, and the human error of protection failure caused by polarity reversal is eliminated.
The invention further provides a dc power strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device in a preferred example, which includes a metal body, and a dc input port and a dc output port disposed at two sides of the metal body, wherein the metal body is provided with a cavity, a dc protection circuit is disposed in the cavity, the dc protection circuit includes a thirty-first inductor L31, a thirty-second inductor L32, a thirty-third inductor L33, a thirty-fourth inductor L34, a second gas discharge tube G2, a thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31, and a thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33, one end of the thirty-first inductor L31 is used as an input terminal J1 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc input port, the other end of the thirty-first inductor L31 is connected to one end of the thirty-third inductor L33 and one end of the second gas discharge tube G2, the other end of the thirty-third inductor L33 is connected to one end of the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33 and one end of the thirty-fourth inductor L34, the other end of the thirty-fourth inductor L34 is connected to one end of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and one end of the thirty-second inductor L32, the other end of the thirty-second inductor L32 is used as the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port, and the other end of the second gas discharge tube G2, the other end of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and the other end of the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33 are connected to the metal body.
By adopting the technical scheme, the core-ground strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection can be provided for the direct-current power supply equipment, the strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection performance and the reliability of the direct-current power supply equipment are improved, the third-level voltage limiting protection is performed by utilizing the second gas discharge tube G2, the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33, the response speed is improved and can reach picosecond level, so that the reliability of various direct-current working voltage power supplies is improved, the push-pull action of the series multistage choke inductor is utilized to push various strong transient electromagnetic pulse energy absorption devices to act in a coordinated manner successively, harmful energy is thoroughly discharged, the fine protection between the core and the ground is realized, and the impact of various strong transient electromagnetic pulses on the direct-current power supply equipment can be effectively protected.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the direct current protection circuit further comprises a thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32, and the other end of the second gas discharge tube G2 is connected in series with the thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32 and then connected with the metal body.
By adopting the technical scheme, the defects of slow response speed, high residual voltage, poor reliability, high maintenance cost and the like of the protection technology of a single gas discharge tube are overcome; the follow current problem of the second gas discharge tube G2 is solved by connecting the second gas discharge tube G2 and a thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32 in series, so that the protection device is suitable for working at a voltage of more than 24VDC and is universal for direct-current voltage power supplies of various voltage grades, and the inter-electrode capacitance and the distributed capacitance are stabilized; meanwhile, the arc quenching capability of the second gas discharge tube G2 is improved, so that the reliability and the practicability of the whole protection device are improved.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the other end of the second gas discharge tube G2, the other end of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and the other end of the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33 are connected with the grounding conductor plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the grounding conductor plate is composed of the whole conductors such as the brass tin plate and the circuit board connected with the metalized via hole, the grounding conductor plate is fixed on the inner wall of the cavity by the metal screw to form good grounding, and the grounding end of the direct current protection circuit is pulled down to the grounding conductor plate to form a grounding discharge channel.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the metal grounding screw hole is formed in the metal body or the metal cover plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the protective device has the advantages of compact structure, good sealing performance, good shielding performance and the like, can be flexibly and reliably installed on various electronic and electrical equipment and facilities, and can improve the electromagnetic shielding performance and the grounding performance of the protective device.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the core-ground strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection can be provided for the direct-current power supply equipment, and the strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection performance and reliability of the direct-current power supply equipment are improved;
2. the transient suppression diode is used for one-stage or multi-stage voltage limiting protection, so that the response speed (reaching picosecond level) is improved, and the reliability of various direct-current working voltage power supplies is improved;
3. the gas discharge tube is connected with the transient suppression diode in series, so that the follow current problem of the gas discharge tube is solved, the protection device is suitable for working at the voltage of more than 24VDC and is generally used for direct-current voltage power supplies of various voltage grades, and the stability of interelectrode capacitance and distributed capacitance are facilitated; meanwhile, the arc extinguishing capability of the gas discharge tube is improved, so that the reliability and the practicability of the whole protection device are improved;
4. the push-pull action of the series multistage choke inductors is utilized to push various strong transient electromagnetic pulse energy absorption devices to act in a coordinated manner successively, harmful energy is discharged thoroughly, fine protection between a core and the ground is realized, and the impact of various strong transient electromagnetic pulses on a direct-current power supply device can be effectively prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dc protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dc protection circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a dc protection circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dc protection circuit according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dc protection circuit according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a protection device according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a dc protection circuit according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The invention is implemented according to the actual use condition of the DC power supply system of various typical electronic and electrical equipment and facilities, in order to meet the requirements that the DC power supply system of various electronic and electrical equipment and facilities can continuously work in a complex and severe electromagnetic environment and can effectively prevent the intrusion of various harmful strong transient electromagnetic pulses.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device for a dc power supply, including a metal body, and a dc input port and a dc output port disposed at two sides of the metal body, the metal body is provided with a cavity, a direct current protection circuit is arranged in the cavity and comprises an eleventh inductor L11, a twelfth inductor L12 and an eleventh transient suppression diode TVS11, one end of the eleventh inductor L11 is used as the input terminal J1 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc input port, the other end of the eleventh inductor L11 is connected to one end of the twelfth inductor L12 and one end of the eleventh transient suppression diode TVS11, the other end of the twelfth inductor L12 is used as the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port, and the other end of the eleventh transient suppression diode TVS11 is connected to the metal body.
Preferably, the metal grounding structure further comprises a metal cover plate and a metal grounding screw hole, the metal cover plate covers the cavity to form a sealing structure, and the metal grounding screw hole is formed in the metal body or the metal cover plate. The response speed of the protection device is on the picosecond level, and for the protected equipment at the rear end, the transient voltage of a strong electromagnetic pulse is clamped at the clamping voltage level of the eleventh transient suppression diode TVS 11.
Preferably, an eleventh filter capacitor C11 is further connected in parallel to two ends of the eleventh transient suppression diode TVS11, for limiting the pulse voltage spike.
Referring to fig. 2, another embodiment of the present invention provides a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device for a dc power supply, including a metal body, and a dc input port and a dc output port disposed at two sides of the metal body, where the metal body is provided with a cavity, a dc protection circuit is disposed in the cavity, the dc protection circuit includes a twenty-first inductor L21, a twenty-second inductor L22, a twenty-third inductor L23, a first gas discharge tube G1, and a twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21, one end of the twenty-first inductor L21 is used as an input terminal J1 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc input port, the other end of the twenty-first inductor L21 is connected to one end of the twenty-third inductor L23 and one end of the first gas discharge tube tvg 1, the other end of the twenty-third inductor L23 is connected to one end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode s21 and one end of the twenty-second inductor L22, the other end of the twenty-second inductor L22 is used as the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port, and the other end of the first gas discharge tube G1 and the other end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 are connected to the metal body.
Preferably, a twenty-first filter capacitor C21 is further connected in parallel to two ends of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21, a twenty-second filter capacitor C22 is further connected in parallel to two ends of the first gas discharge tube G1, and the twenty-first filter capacitor C21 and the twenty-second filter capacitor C22 are used for achieving a limiting effect on a pulse voltage spike.
Referring to fig. 3, another embodiment of the present invention provides a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device for a dc power supply, including a metal body, and a dc input port and a dc output port disposed on two sides of the metal body, where the metal body is provided with a cavity, a dc protection circuit is disposed in the cavity, the dc protection circuit includes a twenty-first inductor L21, a twenty-second inductor L22, a twenty-third inductor L23, a first gas discharge tube G1, a twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21, and a twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22, one end of the twenty-first inductor L21 is used as an input terminal J1 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc input port, the other end of the twenty-first inductor L21 is connected to one end of the twenty-third inductor L23 and one end of the first gas discharge tube G1, the other end of the twenty-third inductor L23 is connected to one end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 and one end of the twenty-second inductor L22, the other end of the twenty-second inductor L22 is used as the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port, the other end of the first gas discharge tube G1 is connected to one end of the twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22, and the other ends of the twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22 and the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 are connected to the metal body.
Preferably, a twenty-first filter capacitor C21 is further connected in parallel to two ends of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21, a twenty-second filter capacitor C22 is further connected in parallel to two ends of the first gas discharge tube G1 and the twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22, and the twenty-first filter capacitor C21 and the twenty-second filter capacitor C22 are used for achieving a limiting effect on a pulse voltage spike.
Preferably, the direct current protection circuit further comprises a grounding conductor plate fixed on the inner wall of the cavity, the connection between the other end of the twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22 and the other end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 and the metal body is disconnected, the other end of the twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22 and the other end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 are connected to the grounding conductor plate, the grounding conductor plate is composed of a whole conductor such as a brass tin plate and a circuit board connected with a metalized via hole, the grounding conductor plate is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the cavity by a metal screw to form good grounding, and a grounding terminal of the direct current protection circuit (namely, the other end of the twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22 and the other end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS 21) is pulled down to the grounding conductor plate to form a grounding leakage channel.
Preferably, the metal grounding structure further comprises a metal cover plate and a metal grounding screw hole, the metal cover plate covers the cavity to form a sealing structure, and the metal grounding screw hole is formed in the metal body or the metal cover plate. The response speed of the protection device is on the picosecond level, and for the protected equipment at the rear end, the transient voltage of a strong electromagnetic pulse is clamped at the clamping voltage level of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS 21.
Preferably, a further embodiment of the present invention provides a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device for a dc power supply, including a metal body, and a dc input port and a dc output port disposed at two sides of the metal body, where the metal body is provided with a cavity, the cavity is provided with a dc protection circuit, the dc protection circuit includes a twenty-first inductor L21, a twenty-second inductor L22, a twenty-third inductor L23, a twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21, and a twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22, one end of the twenty-first inductor L21 is used as an input terminal J1 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc input port, the other end of the twenty-first inductor L21 is connected to one end of the twenty-third inductor L23 and one end of the twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22, the other end of the twenty-third inductor L23 is connected to one end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 and one end of the twenty-second inductor L22, the other end of the twenty-second inductor L22 is used as the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port, and the other ends of the twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22 and the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 are connected to the metal body.
Referring to fig. 4, a further embodiment of the present invention provides a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device for a dc power supply, including a metal body, and a dc input port and a dc output port disposed at two sides of the metal body, where the metal body is provided with a cavity, a dc protection circuit is disposed in the cavity, the dc protection circuit includes a thirty-first inductor L31, a thirty-second inductor L32, a thirty-third inductor L33, a thirty-fourth inductor L34, a second gas discharge tube G2, a thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and a thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33, one end of the thirty-first inductor L31 is used as an input terminal J1 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc input port, the other end of the thirty-first inductor L31 is connected to one end of the thirty-third inductor L33 and one end of the second gas discharge tube G2, and the other end of the thirty-third inductor L33 is connected to one end of the third transient suppression diode TVS33 and one end of the thirty-fourth inductor L34 The other end of the thirty-fourth inductor L34 is connected to one end of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and one end of the thirty-second inductor L32, the other end of the thirty-second inductor L32 is used as the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port, and the other end of the second gas discharge tube G2, the other end of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and the other end of the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33 are connected to the metal body.
Preferably, a thirty-first filter capacitor C31 is further connected in parallel to two ends of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31, a thirty-second filter capacitor C32 is further connected in parallel to two ends of the second gas discharge tube G2, and the thirty-first filter capacitor C31 and the thirty-second filter capacitor C32 are used for achieving a limiting effect on a pulse voltage spike.
Preferably, a further embodiment of the present invention provides a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device for a dc power supply, including a metal body, and a dc input port and a dc output port disposed at two sides of the metal body, where the metal body is provided with a cavity, a dc protection circuit is disposed in the cavity, the dc protection circuit includes a thirty-first inductor L31, a thirty-second inductor L32, a thirty-third inductor L33, a thirty-fourth inductor L34, a thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31, a thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32, and a thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33, one end of the thirty-first inductor L31 is used as an input terminal J1 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc input port, the other end of the thirty-first inductor L31 is connected to one end of the thirty-third inductor L33 and one end of the thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32, and the other end of the thirty-third inductor L33 is connected to one end of the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33 and one end of the thirty-third transient One end of a fourteenth inductor L34, the other end of the thirty-fourth inductor L34 is connected to one end of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and one end of the thirty-second inductor L32, the other end of the thirty-second inductor L32 is used as the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port, and the other end of the thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32, the other end of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and the other end of the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33 are connected to the metal body.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a further embodiment of the present invention provides a strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device for a dc power supply, including a metal body 1, and a dc input port 2 and a dc output port 3 disposed at two sides of the metal body 1, where the metal body 1 is provided with a cavity, a dc protection circuit is disposed in the cavity, the dc protection circuit includes a thirty-first inductor L31, a thirty-second inductor L32, a thirty-third inductor L33, a thirty-fourth inductor L34, a second gas discharge tube G2, a thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31, a thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32, and a thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33, one end of the thirty-first inductor L31 is used as an input terminal J1 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc input port 2, the other end of the thirty-first inductor L31 is connected to one end of the thirty-third inductor L33 and one end of the second gas discharge tube G2, the other end of the thirty-third inductor L33 is connected to one end of a thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33 and one end of a thirty-fourth inductor L34, the other end of the thirty-fourth inductor L34 is connected to one end of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and one end of the thirty-second inductor L32, the other end of the thirty-second inductor L32 serves as an output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port 3, the other end of the second gas discharge tube G2 is connected to one end of the thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32, the ground conductor plate 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the cavity, and the other ends of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31, the thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32 and the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33 are connected to the ground conductor plate 4. The grounding conductor plate 4 is composed of a whole conductor such as a brass tin plate and a circuit board connected with a metalized via hole, and is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the cavity by a metal screw to form good grounding, and the grounding end of the direct current protection circuit is pulled down to the grounding conductor plate 4 to form a grounding discharge channel.
Preferably, a thirty-first filter capacitor C31 is further connected in parallel to two ends of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31, a thirty-second filter capacitor C32 is further connected in parallel to two ends of the second gas discharge tube G2 and the thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32, and the thirty-first filter capacitor C31 and the thirty-second filter capacitor C32 are used for achieving a limiting effect on a pulse voltage spike. The ground terminals of the thirty-first filter capacitor C31 and the thirty-second filter capacitor C32 are also pulled down to the ground conductor plate 4 to form a ground bleed path.
The devices of the direct current protection circuit are all installed on a ground conductor plate 4 formed by metal conductors according to the connection sequence and are assembled on the bottom surface of the cavity to form a uniform ground plane, and the influence of the parasitic stray parameters of the ground on the circuit performance is reduced.
Preferably, the metal grounding structure further comprises a metal cover plate and a metal grounding screw hole, the metal cover plate covers the cavity to form a sealing structure, and the metal grounding screw hole is formed in the metal body or the metal cover plate. The response speed of the protection device is on the picosecond level, and for the protected equipment at the rear end, the transient voltage of a strong electromagnetic pulse is clamped at the clamping voltage level of the thirty-one transient suppression diode TVS 31.
Preferably, the dc input port and the dc output port have good shielding performance, and may be various metal circular connectors or other connector interfaces with good shielding performance. The direct current input port and the direct current output port and the cavity fixed position are provided with waterproof grooves for placing O-shaped waterproof conductive rubber rings, flange plate fixing, extrusion close fit compression joint or thread fit process can be adopted, the cavity is fixed, waterproof design is also adopted between the cavity and the metal cover plate, the cavity and the metal cover plate form an integral metal sealing structure together, and the electromagnetic shielding performance and the grounding performance of the protection device can be improved.
The direct current input port and the direct current output port are respectively connected with the direct current power supply side and the equipment power input port in series, can be interconnected with a direct current power transmission cable through various shielding connectors (including circular connectors, coaxial radio frequency connectors or other connectors), and can also be embedded into a direct current power transmission circuit as an independent protection module and a circuit, so that the effect of fine protection on strong transient electromagnetic pulses of a direct current power supply is realized.
The inductors on the direct current path (namely, the thirty-first inductor L31, the thirty-second inductor L32, the thirty-third inductor L33 and the thirty-fourth inductor L34) can prevent strong transient electromagnetic pulses from propagating along the direct current path and play a role in high-frequency choke and voltage push-pull, and have the functions of delaying the transmission of the electromagnetic pulses and changing the steepness of wave heads. In this embodiment, the second gas discharge tube G2 and the thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32 constitute a first-stage protection unit, the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33 constitutes a second-stage protection unit, the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 constitutes a third-stage protection unit, and each stage of protection unit has different response speeds and opening voltages to pulse surge overcurrent induced by different energy levels and different transient strong electromagnetic pulses; the first-stage protection unit has the slowest response speed but high starting voltage and the largest leakage flow, the second-stage protection unit has the fast response speed and is centered with the starting voltage and the leakage flow, and the third-stage protection unit has the fastest response speed, the lowest starting voltage and the smallest leakage flow. The action sequence of each stage of protection unit and the suppression of electromagnetic pulses are controlled by corresponding choke inductors.
The circuit can simultaneously protect the impact of various strong transient electromagnetic pulses (such as lightning electromagnetic pulse LEMP, nuclear electromagnetic pulse NEMP/HEMP and high-power microwave pulse HPM) invading on the direct current path on the direct current power supply part on the direct current path. When strong transient electromagnetic pulse on a direct current path is invaded, transient pulse surge overcurrent or overvoltage (pulse surge overcurrent or overvoltage for short) can be induced under the action of inductance of a direct current transmission conductor, and when pulse surge overcurrent exists on a direct current input port 2, the thirty-one inductor L31 has a push-pull effect on the induced pulse surge overcurrent of pulse high-frequency components, so that a certain delay buffering effect is realized on the transmission of the induced surge overcurrent. When an electromagnetic pulse is transmitted along a DC channel, the instantaneous surge current (or voltage) induced at different locations and at different moments in time of the electromagnetic pulse is not the same. The surge overvoltage induced by the electromagnetic pulse is transmitted along the direct current channel, when the leading edge amplitude of the surge overvoltage is in the first-stage protection unit and the second-stage protection unit, if the leading edge amplitude of the surge overvoltage is small enough and the first-stage protection unit and the second-stage protection unit cannot be started, the first-stage protection unit and the second-stage protection unit do not act; when reaching the third-level protection unit, the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 has the lowest starting voltage and the fastest response speed, the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 of the third-level protection unit is started by the leading edge of surge overvoltage induced by the electromagnetic pulse, and surge current is discharged to the ground after the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 is conducted; pulse surge current flows between the direct current input port 2 and the third-stage protection unit, so that the voltage of the third-stage protection unit is clamped at the characteristic clamping voltage potential of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31, under the push-pull action of the thirty-fourth inductor L34, the potential of the second-stage protection unit quickly reaches the turn-on voltage of the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33, and the second-stage protection unit immediately discharges the current with medium energy level at the leading edge part of the pulse surge overcurrent to the ground; similarly, on the basis of the potential of the second-stage protection unit, under the push-pull action of the thirty-third inductor L33, the potential of the first-stage protection unit quickly reaches the conduction starting voltage of the second gas discharge tube G2 and the thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32, and the first-stage protection unit starts to discharge the pulse surge overcurrent of a large energy level, so that the discharge and suppression of the pulse surge overcurrent are completed. In a direct current path, the three-stage protection unit regulates the ground pulse surge current bleeder devices through choke inductors (namely, a thirty-first inductor L31, a thirty-second inductor L32, a thirty-third inductor L33 and a thirty-fourth inductor L34) of each stage, and the three-stage protection unit are sequentially operated to finish the protection and suppression work of strong transient electromagnetic pulses. When the final part of residual pulse surge overcurrent reaches the direct current output port 3 at the protection side, the pulse surge overvoltage of the direct current output port is the clamping voltage of the third-stage protection unit, the thirty-second inductor L32 has a remarkable choking effect on the leading edge high-frequency component in the residual pulse surge overcurrent, the residual pulse surge overcurrent or overvoltage is prevented from being transmitted to the direct current output port 3 and the direct current power supply protection side, and the obvious protection effect of strong transient electromagnetic pulses is achieved. The thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31, the thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32, and the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33 realize the above functions by selecting transient suppression diodes with different parameters, and different parameters can be selected according to different operating voltages.
The invention is connected in series on a direct current path, plays a role in protecting a direct current power supply at the rear end from strong transient electromagnetic pulse, and is suitable for a core-ground series protection mode. The protection module can be directly embedded into a power transmission circuit or independently embedded into a direct-current power supply board-level module, corresponding shielding and measures are made, the strong electromagnetic pulse multi-level protection effect can be played, and the same protection effect can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 7, the present embodiment is also applicable to a symmetrical reciprocal structure, and the circuit from the input terminal J1 of the dc protection circuit to the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 is symmetrical to the circuit from the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit to the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS 31. The input end J1 of the direct current protection circuit and the output end J2 of the direct current protection circuit can be interchanged, namely, the direct current input port and the direct current output port can be interchanged, the polarity difference between the surge input end and the output protection end is avoided, the installation is convenient, and the human error that the protection is invalid due to the fact that the polarity is reversed is eliminated. The circuits from the two ends of the direct current output and the input to the third-stage semiconductor clamping module are symmetrical, the structures of the first-stage protection circuit and the second-stage protection circuit corresponding to each side are the same as those of the choke inductor, a three-stage or two-stage symmetrical reciprocal protection circuit can be formed, and the protection principle and the protection process of strong transient electromagnetic pulse are the same as those of the above-mentioned circuit.
Claims (10)
1. A strong transient electromagnetic pulse protector of a direct current power supply comprises a metal body, a direct current input port and a direct current output port which are arranged at two sides of the metal body, it is characterized in that the metal body is provided with a cavity, a direct current protection circuit is arranged in the cavity, the direct current protection circuit comprises an eleventh inductor L11, a twelfth inductor L12 and an eleventh transient suppression diode TVS11, one end of the eleventh inductor L11 is used as the input terminal J1 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc input port, the other end of the eleventh inductor L11 is connected to one end of the twelfth inductor L12 and one end of the eleventh transient suppression diode TVS11, the other end of the twelfth inductor L12 is used as the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port, and the other end of the eleventh transient suppression diode TVS11 is connected to the metal body.
2. A strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device of a direct current power supply comprises a metal body, a direct current input port and a direct current output port which are arranged on two sides of the metal body, and is characterized in that a cavity is formed in the metal body, a direct current protection circuit is arranged in the cavity, the direct current protection circuit comprises a twenty-first inductor L21, a twenty-second inductor L22, a twenty-third inductor L23, a first gas discharge tube G1 and a twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21, one end of the twenty-first inductor L21 is used as an input end J1 of the direct current protection circuit and is connected with the direct current input port, the other end of the twenty-first inductor L21 is connected with one end of the twenty-third inductor L23 and one end of the first gas discharge tube G1, the other end of the twenty-third inductor L23 is connected with one end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 and one end of the twenty-second inductor L22, the other end of the twenty-second inductor L22 is used as the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port, and the other end of the first gas discharge tube G1 and the other end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 are connected to the metal body.
3. The protection device for strong transient electromagnetic pulse of dc power supply according to claim 2, wherein said dc protection circuit further comprises a twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22, and another end of said first gas discharge tube G1 is connected in series with said twenty-second transient suppression diode TVS22 and then connected to said metal body.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a grounding conductor plate fixed to the inner wall of the cavity, wherein the other end of the first gas discharge tube G1 and the other end of the twenty-first transient suppression diode TVS21 are connected to the grounding conductor plate.
5. A strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device of a direct current power supply comprises a metal body, and a direct current input port and a direct current output port which are arranged on two sides of the metal body, and is characterized in that a cavity is formed in the metal body, a direct current protection circuit is arranged in the cavity, the direct current protection circuit comprises a thirty-first inductor L31, a thirty-second inductor L32, a thirty-third inductor L33, a thirty-fourth inductor L34, a second gas discharge tube G2, a thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and a thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33, one end of the thirty-first inductor L31 is used as an input end J1 of the direct current protection circuit and is connected with the direct current input port, the other end of the thirty-first inductor L31 is connected with one end of the thirty-third inductor L33 and one end of the second gas discharge tube G2, the other end of the thirty-third inductor L33 is connected with one end of the thirty-third transient suppression diode S33 and one end of the thirty-fourth inductor TVL, the other end of the thirty-fourth inductor L34 is connected to one end of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and one end of the thirty-second inductor L32, the other end of the thirty-second inductor L32 is used as the output terminal J2 of the dc protection circuit and is connected to the dc output port, and the other end of the second gas discharge tube G2, the other end of the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 and the other end of the thirty-third transient suppression diode TVS33 are connected to the metal body.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the DC protection circuit further comprises a thirty-second TVS32, and the other end of the second gas tube G2 is connected in series with the thirty-second TVS32 and then connected to the metal body.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the DC protection circuit further comprises a thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32, the thirty-second transient suppression diode TVS32 replacing the second gas discharge tube G2.
8. A strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection device of DC power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that the circuit from the input J1 of the DC protection circuit to the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS31 is symmetrical to the circuit from the output J2 of the DC protection circuit to the thirty-first transient suppression diode TVS 31.
9. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a grounding conductor plate fixed to the inner wall of the cavity, wherein the other end of the second gas discharge tube G2, the other end of the thirty-first TVS31 and the other end of the thirty-third TVS33 are connected to the grounding conductor plate.
10. The protection device for strong transient electromagnetic pulses of a direct current power supply according to claim 5, further comprising a metal cover plate and a metal grounding screw hole, wherein said metal cover plate covers said cavity to form a sealing structure, and said metal grounding screw hole is opened on said metal body or said metal cover plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010495170.7A CN111555253A (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Strong transient electromagnetic pulse protector of DC power supply |
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| CN202010495170.7A CN111555253A (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Strong transient electromagnetic pulse protector of DC power supply |
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| CN111555253A true CN111555253A (en) | 2020-08-18 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111934299A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-11-13 | 中国电子科技网络信息安全有限公司 | Miniaturized high-power microwave protection device |
| CN112994716A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-18 | 深圳市速联技术有限公司 | Radio frequency link electromagnetic pulse comprehensive protection device |
| CN115102147A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-09-23 | 成都四维智慧电子科技有限公司 | High-power microwave protection device with broadband low insertion loss and high power capacity |
-
2020
- 2020-06-03 CN CN202010495170.7A patent/CN111555253A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111934299A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-11-13 | 中国电子科技网络信息安全有限公司 | Miniaturized high-power microwave protection device |
| CN111934299B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-02-09 | 中国电子科技网络信息安全有限公司 | Miniaturized high-power microwave protection device |
| CN112994716A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-18 | 深圳市速联技术有限公司 | Radio frequency link electromagnetic pulse comprehensive protection device |
| CN112994716B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-01-18 | 深圳市速联技术有限公司 | Radio frequency link electromagnetic pulse comprehensive protection device |
| CN115102147A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-09-23 | 成都四维智慧电子科技有限公司 | High-power microwave protection device with broadband low insertion loss and high power capacity |
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