CN111551390B - High-pressure seabed simulation system with in-situ sampling device and control method thereof - Google Patents
High-pressure seabed simulation system with in-situ sampling device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111551390B CN111551390B CN202010223943.6A CN202010223943A CN111551390B CN 111551390 B CN111551390 B CN 111551390B CN 202010223943 A CN202010223943 A CN 202010223943A CN 111551390 B CN111551390 B CN 111551390B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/24—Suction devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
- G01N2001/1445—Overpressure, pressurisation at sampling point
Abstract
The invention provides a high-pressure seabed simulation system with an in-situ sampling device, which comprises a high-pressure simulation cabin and an environmental condition control unit, wherein the high-pressure simulation cabin is provided with a pressure balance cabin, and a pressure controller, a switch valve and a movable guide rail are arranged in the pressure balance cabin; a sampler is arranged on the movable guide rail; the switch valves are arranged at two ends of the pressure balance cabin; the pressure controller, the switch valve, the movable guide rail and the control end of the sampler are electrically connected with the environmental condition control unit. The invention also provides a control method of the system, which simulates the deep sea in-situ environment and the evolution condition thereof in the high-pressure simulation cabin; and the pressure controller, the switch valve, the movable guide rail and the sampler are arranged in the pressure balance cabin, so that the problem that the investment is huge and personnel are difficult to directly control the experiment in situ in deep sea is effectively solved, the taken sample can be directly used for research, the change of remarkable characters can not occur, and the reasonable effectiveness of the research result is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, in particular to a high-pressure seabed simulation system with an in-situ sampling device and a control method thereof.
Background
The deep sea is an important component of a marine system, and the extreme environments such as high pressure, darkness, oligotrophy and the like of the deep sea form a special life process. The deep sea breeds special ecological systems such as hydrothermal solution, cold springs, sea mountains, deep sea plains and the like, has huge potential of deep sea resources, plays an important role in heat dissipation and carbon circulation of upper-layer marine systems, and is an important link for regulating global climate change. Moreover, the deep sea also contains abundant oil and gas reservoir resources and mineral resources such as manganese nodule and the like. The scientific and technological strength of deep sea entry, deep sea exploration and deep sea development determines the space and height of the national ocean science and technology level. However, so far, the deep sea knowledge of human beings is still little, and the strong oceans start first, enter first, master key technologies first, and hold the initiative in blue-circle sports. The awareness of deep sea resources, environment, ecosystem and extreme life is the leading edge and hot spot of today's earth, energy and life sciences.
Conventional experiments simulate deep sea ecosystems, resource mining processes and the like, the extreme environments such as high pressure, low temperature/high temperature and the like cannot be inverted, deep sea field sampling research investment is huge, personnel are difficult to directly control experiments in situ in deep sea, and the problems that physical, chemical and biological properties of samples are obviously changed after the samples are separated from the in situ environment and the like are faced in the field experiments when the samples are brought back to the field experiments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-pressure seabed simulation system with an in-situ sampling device and a control method thereof, aiming at overcoming the technical defects that the existing deep-sea on-site sampling has huge investment and difficult operation, and the physical, chemical and biological properties of a sample are obviously changed after the sample is brought back to an in-situ environment in an on-site experiment and are not beneficial to research.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the high-pressure seabed simulation system with the in-situ sampling device comprises a high-pressure simulation cabin, wherein geological stratification is constructed in the high-pressure simulation cabin, and the high-pressure simulation cabin comprises a seabed overlying seawater environment simulation unit, a seabed interface simulation unit and a seabed underlying sediment simulation unit from top to bottom; the device also comprises an environmental condition control unit used for controlling the internal environmental condition of the device; wherein:
a pressure balance cabin is arranged on the high-pressure simulation cabin, and a pressure controller, a switch valve and a movable guide rail are arranged in the pressure balance cabin; a sampler is arranged on the movable guide rail;
the switch valves are arranged at two ends of the pressure balance cabin;
and the pressure controller, the switch valve, the movable guide rail and the control end of the sampler are electrically connected with the environmental condition control unit.
In the scheme, the deep sea in-situ environment is simulated in the high-pressure simulation cabin, the seabed interface, the seabed underburden and the seabed overburden water environment are simulated really, and the deep sea conditions in different forms and different forms are simulated through the built-in parts and parameters of the environment condition control unit on the basis of ensuring the deep sea in-situ physical, chemical and geological environment conditions; the pressure controller, the switch valve, the movable guide rail and the sampler are arranged in the pressure balance cabin, so that the problem that the investment is huge and personnel are difficult to directly control the experiment in situ in deep sea is effectively solved, the taken sample can be directly used for research, the obvious change can not happen, and the effectiveness of the research result is ensured.
In the scheme, the high-pressure simulation cabin mainly provides a space environment for simulating a submarine system and is made of a pressure-resistant material; wherein the pressure balance cabin and the sampler are the core components of the invention. The pressure balance cabin mainly provides pressure balance conversion conditions for entering the high-pressure simulation cabin to load and sample, provides pressure conversion conditions for enabling a sample to be sampled and the sampler to enter an experimental state condition from the high-pressure seabed simulation system, or provides pressure conversion conditions for enabling the sample to be put into the high-pressure seabed simulation system and the sampler to enter the high-pressure simulation system from the experimental state condition. The pressure balance cabin is provided with an openable channel, and is connected with the high-pressure seabed simulation system and the experimental state environment system at the same time. The pressure balance chamber provides space conditions for feeding the sampler and the sample into/out of the high-pressure simulation chamber, besides the function of ensuring pressure balance.
The pressure balance cabin is arranged on the seabed interface simulation unit, and the sampler puts or collects samples on the seabed interface simulation unit.
In the above scheme, the sampler may be a movable guide rail controlled sampler or a remote controlled robot.
The sampler comprises a connecting base, a rotating platform, a clamping mechanism and a control circuit; wherein:
the sampler is arranged on the movable guide rail through the connecting base;
the rotating platform is arranged on the connecting base;
the clamping mechanism is arranged on the rotating table;
the connecting base, the rotating platform and the control end of the clamping mechanism are electrically connected with the control circuit;
the control circuit is electrically connected with the environmental condition control unit.
In the scheme, in the action process of the sampler, the control circuit drives the connecting base to slide on the movable guide rail, so that the horizontal movement of the sampler is realized; the control circuit drives the rotating platform, and the rotating platform drives the clamping mechanism to rotate for 360 degrees, so that multi-angle sampling of the sampler is realized; the control circuit drives the clamping mechanism to perform clamping or sending operation, so that the sample is clamped or put in.
In the scheme, the sampler can be freely retracted and extended in the pressure balance cabin and the high-pressure seabed simulation system and can be freely moved in the high-pressure seabed simulation system, the 360-degree free sampling function of samples in the seabed simulation system is achieved, meanwhile, the sampler can be carried with lighting equipment, a light source is provided for the sampler to enter the high-pressure seabed simulation system for sampling, and conditions are provided for the sampler to perform accurate sampling operation.
The movable guide rail comprises a guide rail main body, a chain pushing device and a driving motor; wherein:
the connecting base is arranged on the guide rail main body;
the bottom of the guide rail main body is arranged on the chain pushing device;
the chain pushing device is driven by the driving motor;
and the control end of the driving motor is electrically connected with the environmental condition control unit.
In the scheme, the chain pushing device is driven to rotate by the driving motor, the guide rail main body hinged to the chain pushing device is pushed out or retracted, and the movable guide rail can be completely accommodated in the pressure balance cabin under normal conditions; when a sample needs to be put in or collected, the movable guide rail can be pushed out to the high-pressure simulation cabin, so that the sampler can reach all positions on the same horizontal line, and the sample is conveniently put in or collected.
The simulation unit is covered on the seabed, and seawater which is consistent with or similar to the actual seabed environment is filled in the covered space of the seabed interface, so that the simulation of the water environment of the seabed bottom layer above the seabed interface is realized.
The seabed underlying sediment simulation unit is used for performing chemical zonal simulation on sediment, and the chemical zonal simulation of the sediment comprises an anaerobic oxidation zone and a secondary oxygen oxidation zone from bottom to top and is used for researching the interaction effect of seabed ocean current and seabed sediment distribution.
The environment condition control unit comprises a temperature control device, a pressure detection device, a water-gas circulation device, a liquid injection device and a processing terminal;
the water-gas circulating device and the liquid injection device are electrically connected with the processing terminal;
one end of the water-gas circulating device is provided with a through hole at the top of the high-pressure simulation cabin, and the other end of the water-gas circulating device is arranged on the high-pressure simulation cabin, so that the circulation of gas-liquid fluid in the high-pressure simulation cabin is realized;
the temperature control device comprises a plurality of temperature sensors and a ring wall temperature controller, the temperature sensors are uniformly arranged in each geological layered environment in the high-pressure simulation cabin, and the signal output ends of the temperature sensors are electrically connected with the input end of the processing terminal; the annular wall temperature controller is wrapped on the outer wall of the high-pressure simulation cabin, and the control end of the annular wall temperature controller is electrically connected with the output end of the processing terminal;
the pressure detection device comprises a plurality of pressure sensors, and the pressure sensors are uniformly arranged in each geological layer in the high-pressure simulation cabin; the signal output end of the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the input end of the processing terminal;
the liquid injection device is connected with the bottom of the high-pressure simulation cabin;
the processing terminal is electrically connected with the control circuit and the driving motor.
In the scheme, the gas-liquid fluid in the seabed water system is circulated and temperature-controlled through the temperature control device and the water-gas circulating device, so that the temperature distribution of the high-pressure simulation cabin is always kept in a state close to the seabed in-situ condition. The water-gas circulating device mainly comprises a plurality of circulating pumps, a heat exchange unit, a flow velocity control element and the like. And meanwhile, a water circulation jacket is coated outside the simulation cabin, temperature sensors are uniformly distributed at different layers, and the temperature change in the system is monitored in real time.
In the scheme, the pressure detection device mainly provides the deep sea pressure environment condition simulated by the seabed system. The system mainly comprises a gas-liquid injection pressurization system and a pressure monitoring control system, the state that the pressure environment in a simulation cabin is similar to the seabed in-situ condition is kept, pressure sensors are uniformly distributed at different layers, and the pressure change in the system is monitored in real time.
The processing terminal comprises a data acquisition unit, a central processing unit, a memory and a display; wherein:
the input end of the data acquisition unit is electrically connected with the output ends of the temperature control device and the pressure detection device; the output end of the data acquisition unit is electrically connected with the input end of the central processing unit;
the central processing unit is electrically connected with the memory to realize information interaction;
the output end of the central processing unit is electrically connected with the input end of the display and used for displaying the collected information.
The control method of the high-pressure seabed simulation system with the in-situ sampling device comprises the following steps:
s1: filling and preparing seabed sediment chemical zonation in a high-pressure simulation cabin according to actual conditions, and ensuring that the thickness, distribution, pore parameters and the like of the sediment are consistent with or similar to actual conditions of the seabed;
s2: respectively and uniformly injecting sulfate solution or iron and manganese containing salt solution into different positions of the sediment to ensure the redox conditions of different chemical bands;
s3: injecting required amount of seawater into the high-pressure simulation cabin, and constructing a seabed overlying seawater environment simulation unit; meanwhile, the environmental condition control unit is controlled to ensure that physical and chemical environmental parameters in the high-pressure simulation cabin conform to the environmental conditions for evolution formed by a real submarine cold spring ecosystem;
s4: after all the seabed environment simulation conditions are prepared in place, putting or collecting samples by operating a pressure controller, a switch valve, a movable guide rail and a sampler in a pressure balance cabin;
s5: samples cultured or collected from samples administered are studied in the experimental environment.
Wherein, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
when a sample is put in:
ensuring that the two switch valves of the pressure balance cabin are closed, then opening the switch valve communicated with the experimental environment, putting a sample to be cultured on a sampler, and then closing the switch valve communicated with the experimental environment;
the pressure controller is used for supercharging, after pressure is balanced, a switch valve communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin is opened, seawater enters the pressure balance cabin, the movable guide rail is controlled to enable the sampler to enter the high-pressure simulation cabin, and a sample is put to a specified position;
finally, the sampler is retracted into the pressure balance cabin, and a switch valve communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin is closed to finish the throwing of the sample;
when a sample is collected:
ensuring that two switch valves of the pressure balance cabin are closed, then opening the switch valve communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin to allow seawater to enter the pressure balance cabin, controlling the movable guide rail to allow the sampler to enter the high-pressure simulation cabin after pressure balance, and grabbing a sample to be taken back;
then the sampler is retracted into the pressure balance cabin, and a switch valve communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin is closed;
and (4) reducing the pressure through a pressure controller, opening a switch valve communicated with the experimental environment after the pressure is balanced, and taking out the sample to the experimental environment.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the high-pressure seabed simulation system with the in-situ sampling device and the control method thereof simulate the deep-sea in-situ environment in the high-pressure simulation cabin, truly simulate the seabed interface, seabed underburden and seabed overburden water environment, and simulate the deep-sea conditions of different forms and different forms through the components and parameters arranged in the environment condition control unit on the basis of ensuring the deep-sea in-situ physical, chemical and geological environment conditions; the pressure balance cabin is internally provided with the pressure controller, the switch valve, the movable guide rail and the sampler, so that the problems that the investment is huge and personnel are difficult to directly control the experiment in situ in deep sea are effectively avoided, the taken sample can be directly used for research, the obvious change can not happen, and the effectiveness of the research result is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high pressure subsea simulation system with in situ sampling apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high pressure subsea simulation system module connection;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a high pressure subsea simulation system with in situ sampling;
wherein: 1. a high pressure simulation cabin; 2. a seabed overlying seawater environment simulation unit; 3. a subsea interface simulation unit; 4. a seabed underbody sediment simulation unit; 41. an anaerobic oxidation zone; 42. a sub-oxidative zone; 5. an environmental condition control unit; 51. a temperature control device; 511. a temperature sensor; 52. a pressure detection device; 521. a pressure sensor; 53. a water-gas circulating device; 54. a liquid injection device; 55. processing the terminal; 551. a data acquisition unit; 552. a central processing unit; 553. a memory; 554. a display; 6. a pressure balance chamber; 61. a pressure controller; 62. switching on and off the valve; 63. a moving guide rail; 7. and a sampler.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the high-pressure seabed simulation system with the in-situ sampling device comprises a high-pressure simulation cabin 1, wherein a geological stratification structure is formed in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, and comprises a seabed overlying seawater environment simulation unit 2, a seabed interface simulation unit 3 and a seabed underlying sediment simulation unit 4 from top to bottom; an environmental condition control unit 5 for controlling the environmental conditions inside the apparatus; wherein:
a pressure balance cabin 6 is arranged on the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, and a pressure controller 61, a switch valve 62 and a movable guide rail 63 are arranged in the pressure balance cabin 6; a sampler 7 is arranged on the movable guide rail 63;
the switch valves 62 are arranged at two ends of the pressure balance chamber 6;
the pressure controller 61, the switch valve 62, the movable guide rail 63 and the control end of the sampler 7 are all electrically connected with the environmental condition control unit 5.
In the specific implementation process, a deep sea in-situ environment is simulated in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, a seabed interface, seabed underburden sediment and seabed overburden water environment are simulated really, and deep sea conditions in different forms and different forms are simulated through built-in components and parameters of the environmental condition control unit 5 on the basis of ensuring deep sea in-situ physical, chemical and geological environmental conditions; the pressure controller 61, the switch valve 62, the movable guide rail 63 and the sampler 64 are arranged in the pressure balance cabin 6, so that the problem that the investment is huge and personnel are difficult to directly control the experiment in situ in deep sea is effectively avoided, the taken sample can be directly used for research, the obvious change can not happen, and the effectiveness of the research result is ensured.
In the specific implementation process, the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 mainly provides a space environment for simulating a seabed system and is made of a pressure-resistant material; wherein the pressure equalizing chamber 6 and the sampler 7 are the core components of the invention. The pressure balance cabin 6 mainly provides pressure balance conversion conditions for loading and sampling in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, provides pressure conversion conditions for enabling a sample to be sampled and the sampler 7 to enter an experimental state condition from the high-pressure seabed simulation system, or provides pressure conversion conditions for enabling the sample to be put into the high-pressure seabed simulation system and the sampler 7 to enter the high-pressure simulation system from the experimental state condition. The pressure balance cabin 6 is provided with an openable channel, and is connected with the high-pressure seabed simulation system and the experimental state environment system at the same time. The pressure equalization chamber 6 provides a space condition for feeding the sampler 7 and the sample into/out of the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1 in addition to a function of ensuring pressure equalization.
More specifically, the pressure balance chamber 6 is disposed on the subsea interface simulation unit 3, and the sampler 7 puts or collects a sample on the subsea interface simulation unit 3.
More specifically, the sampler 7 comprises a connecting base, a rotating table, a clamping mechanism and a control circuit; wherein:
the sampler 7 is arranged on the moving guide rail 63 through the connecting base;
the rotating platform is arranged on the connecting base;
the clamping mechanism is arranged on the rotating table;
the connecting base, the rotating platform and the control end of the clamping mechanism are electrically connected with the control circuit;
the control circuit is electrically connected with the environmental condition control unit 5.
In the specific implementation process, in the action process of the sampler 7, the control circuit drives the connecting base to slide on the movable guide rail 63, so that the horizontal movement of the sampler 7 is realized; the control circuit drives the rotating platform, and the rotating platform drives the clamping mechanism to rotate for 360 degrees, so that multi-angle sampling of the sampler 7 is realized; the control circuit drives the clamping mechanism to perform clamping or feeding action, so that the sampler 7 clamps or puts in the sample.
In the specific implementation process, the sampler 7 can freely retract, retract and move in the pressure balance chamber 1 and the high-pressure seabed simulation system, can freely move in the high-pressure seabed simulation system, has a 360-degree free sampling function on samples in the seabed simulation system, and meanwhile, the sampler 7 can be loaded with lighting equipment to provide a light source for the sampler 7 to enter the high-pressure seabed simulation system for sampling and provide conditions for the sampler 7 to perform accurate sampling operation.
More specifically, the moving guide 63 includes a guide body, a chain pushing device, and a driving motor; wherein:
the connecting base is arranged on the guide rail main body;
the bottom of the guide rail main body is arranged on the chain pushing device;
the chain pushing device is driven by the driving motor;
and the control end of the driving motor is electrically connected with the environmental condition control unit 5.
In the specific implementation process, the chain pushing device is driven to rotate by the driving motor, the guide rail main body hinged to the chain pushing device is pushed out or retracted, and the movable guide rail 63 can be completely accommodated in the pressure balance chamber 1 under the normal condition; when a sample needs to be put in or collected, the movable guide rail 63 can be pushed out to the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, so that the sampler 7 can reach all positions on the same horizontal line, and the sample is conveniently put in or collected.
More specifically, the seabed overlying seawater environment simulation unit 2 fills seawater which is the same as or close to the actual seabed environment in the overlying space of the seabed interface, so as to realize the simulation of the seabed bottom layer water environment above the seabed interface.
More specifically, the seabed underbody sediment simulation unit 4 is used for performing chemical zonal simulation on the sediment, wherein the chemical zonal simulation of the sediment comprises an anaerobic oxidation zone 41 and a secondary oxygen oxidation zone 42 from bottom to top and is used for researching the interaction effect of seabed ocean current and seabed sediment distribution.
More specifically, the environmental condition control unit 5 includes a temperature control device 51, a pressure detection device 52, a water gas circulation device 53, a liquid injection device 54, and a process terminal 55;
the water gas circulating device 53 and the liquid injecting device 54 are both electrically connected with the processing terminal 55;
a through hole at one end of the water-gas circulating device 53 is arranged at the top of the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, and the other end of the water-gas circulating device is arranged on the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, so that the circulation of the gas-liquid fluid in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 is realized;
the temperature control device 51 comprises a plurality of temperature sensors and a ring wall temperature controller, the temperature sensors 511 are uniformly arranged in each geological stratification in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, and the signal output ends of the temperature sensors 511 are electrically connected with the input end of the processing terminal 55; the annular wall temperature controller is wrapped on the outer wall of the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, and the control end of the annular wall temperature controller is electrically connected with the output end of the processing terminal 55;
the pressure detection device 52 comprises a plurality of pressure sensors 521, and the pressure sensors 521 are uniformly arranged in each geological layer in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1; the signal output end of the pressure sensor 521 is electrically connected with the input end of the processing terminal 55;
the liquid injection device 54 is connected with the bottom of the high-pressure simulation cabin 1;
the processing terminal 55 is electrically connected with the control circuit and the driving motor.
In the specific implementation process, the gas-liquid fluid in the seabed water system is circulated and temperature-controlled through the temperature control device 51 and the water-gas circulation device 53, so that the temperature distribution of the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 is always kept in a state close to the seabed in-situ condition. The water-air circulation device 53 mainly includes a plurality of circulation pumps, a heat exchanger unit, a flow rate control element, and the like. Meanwhile, a circular wall temperature controller, namely a water circulation jacket, is coated outside the simulation cabin, temperature sensors 511 are uniformly distributed at different layers, and temperature change in the control system is monitored in real time.
In the specific implementation process, because the amount of seawater in the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1 is large, the temperature of the seawater cannot be controlled only by heat exchange of the water circulation jacket, at the moment, the circulating pump arranged on the water-gas circulating device 53 is used for pumping the seawater with high temperature in the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1 out of the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1, heat exchange and cooling are realized in the heat exchange unit, and then the seawater flows back into the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1, so that the cooling of the seawater in the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1 is realized. By such circulation, the seawater in the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1 can be rapidly and uniformly cooled, and when the temperature is reduced to a preset value, the flow speed of the seawater can be controlled by the flow speed control element of the water-gas circulation device 53 or the flow pipeline of the water-gas circulation device 53 can be closed.
In the concrete implementation process, water circulation at high-pressure simulation cabin 1 presss from both sides the cover surface and is provided with the heat preservation, two-layer structure wraps up high-pressure simulation cabin 1 in the centre, make its temperature exchange with the external world slow down, the flow of fluid can be realized to the water circulation clamp cover, it is taken out the water of inside through the circulating pump, later adopt refrigerating unit to cool down, the pump gets back to in the water circulation clamp cover after the cooling, be equivalent to the water circulation clamp cover and the outer wall realization heat exchange of high-pressure simulation cabin 1, the heat that produces under each original paper operating mode state can be taken out by the water circulation clamp cover in high-pressure simulation cabin 1, thereby keep being in stable low temperature environment in whole high-pressure simulation cabin 1 all the time, better simulation deep sea water environment.
In the specific implementation process, the temperature in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 is monitored in real time through the temperature sensors arranged at different positions, and the flow rates of the water in the water circulation device 53 and the water in the water circulation jacket are controlled according to the detection result, so that the temperature in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 is stably controlled.
More specifically, a seawater refrigerating unit is also installed on the water-gas circulation device 53.
In the specific implementation process, the process of controlling the temperature of the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1 specifically comprises the following steps: comprises a cooling stage, a pressurizing stage and a heat preservation stage; wherein:
the cooling stage comprises:
1) Injecting seawater into the high-pressure simulation cabin 1;
2) Starting the seawater refrigerating unit and adjusting the flow speed control element, and pumping the seawater with high temperature in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 out of the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 through a circulating pump;
3) After the heat exchange unit realizes heat exchange and temperature reduction, the seawater flows back into the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 to realize the temperature reduction of the seawater in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 until the temperature of the seawater in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 is reduced to a set value, and a temperature reduction stage is completed;
a pressurization stage:
when the temperature sensor monitors that the seawater temperature in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 reaches a set value, gas and liquid are injected into the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, so that the pressurization in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 is realized;
completing the pressurization stage until the pressure in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 reaches a set value;
and (3) a heat preservation stage:
when the pressure detection device 52 detects that the pressure in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 reaches a set value, an insulating layer is laid on the surface of the water circulation jacket;
the refrigerating unit is started, fluid in the water circulation jacket circularly flows under the action of the circulating pump, heat generated in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 when the working conditions of all elements are in the working state is continuously exchanged through the coil pipe of the water circulation jacket and the heat exchanger of the pipeline system, the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 is ensured to be always in a preset temperature environment in the working period, and the temperature in the whole simulation cabin is uniformly distributed.
In the implementation, the pressure detecting device 52 mainly provides the simulated deep sea pressure environmental conditions of the seabed system. The system mainly comprises a gas-liquid injection pressurization system and a pressure monitoring control system, the state that the pressure environment in a simulation cabin is similar to the seabed in-situ condition is kept, pressure sensors 521 are uniformly distributed at different layers, and the pressure change in the system is monitored in real time.
More specifically, the processing terminal 55 includes a data collector 551, a central processor 552, a memory 553, and a display 554; wherein:
the input end of the data acquisition unit 551 is electrically connected with the output ends of the temperature control device 51 and the pressure detection device 52; the output end of the data collector 551 is electrically connected with the input end of the central processor 552;
the central processor 552 is electrically connected to the memory 553 to realize information interaction;
the output end of the central processing unit 552 is electrically connected to the input end of the display 554, and is used for displaying the collected information.
Example 2
More specifically, on the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a control method for a high-pressure subsea simulation system with an in-situ sampling device, comprising the following steps:
s1: filling and preparing seabed sediment chemical zonation in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 according to actual conditions, and ensuring that the thickness, distribution, pore parameters and the like of the sediment are consistent with or similar to actual conditions of the seabed;
s2: respectively and uniformly injecting sulfate solution or iron and manganese containing salt solution into different positions of the sediment to ensure the redox conditions of different chemical bands;
s3: injecting required amount of seawater into the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, and constructing a seabed overlying seawater environment simulation unit 2; meanwhile, the environmental condition control unit 5 is controlled to ensure that physical and chemical environmental parameters in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 conform to the environmental conditions for the evolution formed by the real submarine cold spring ecosystem;
s4: when all the seabed environment simulation conditions are prepared in place, the samples are put in or collected by operating the pressure controller 61, the switch valve 62, the movable guide rail 63 and the sampler 64 in the pressure balance cabin 6;
s5: samples cultured or collected from samples administered are studied in the experimental environment.
More specifically, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
when a sample is put in:
ensuring that the two switch valves 62 of the pressure balancing cabin 6 are closed, then opening the switch valve 62 communicated with the experimental environment, placing the sample to be cultured on the sampler 7, and then closing the switch valve 62 communicated with the experimental environment;
the pressure is increased through a pressure controller 61, after the pressure is balanced, a switch valve 62 communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 is opened, seawater enters the pressure balance cabin 6, a movable guide rail 63 is controlled to enable a sampler 7 to enter the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, and a sample is put to a designated position;
finally, the sampler 7 is retracted into the pressure balance chamber 6, and the switch valve 62 communicated with the high-pressure simulation chamber 1 is closed to complete the throwing of the sample;
when a sample is collected:
ensuring that two switch valves of the pressure balance cabin 6 are both closed, then opening a switch valve 62 communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 to allow seawater to enter the pressure balance cabin 6, controlling a movable guide rail 63 to allow a sampler 7 to enter the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 after pressure balance, and grabbing a sample to be taken back;
then the sampler 7 is retracted into the pressure balance chamber 6, and the switch valve 62 communicated with the high-pressure simulation chamber 1 is closed;
the pressure is reduced by the pressure controller 61, and after the pressure is balanced, the switch valve 62 communicated with the experimental environment is opened, and the sample is taken out to the experimental environment.
In the specific implementation process, the in-situ sampling device can simulate and remold deep sea high-pressure extreme environment, is convenient to scientifically and timely analyze and research samples, overcomes the difficulty that the deep sea scientific problem of experimental simulation and research cannot meet deep sea physical, chemical and geological parameters and the like, and overcomes the defects that deep sea in-situ detection and sampling cannot meet the requirement that personnel can quickly analyze and test the samples, and the shape of the sample in-situ environment of a sample meeting laboratory is obviously changed.
Example 3
In the specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 1, the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1 of the present invention is a column structure, the diameter of the column part is 3 meters, the height is 10 meters, and the diameter of the spherical part is 5 meters. The high-pressure simulation cabin 1 mainly provides a space environment for simulating a seabed system, is made of a pressure-resistant forging, is internally provided with an anti-corrosion coating by build-up welding, and can simulate a 3000-meter water depth pressure environment. According to geological stratification, the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1 is divided into a seabed overlying seawater environment simulation unit 2, a seabed interface simulation unit 3 and a seabed underlying sediment simulation unit 4, wherein the seabed interface simulation unit 3 is a core part of the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1. The pressure balance chamber 6 and the sampler 7 are the core components of the invention. The pressure balance cabin 6 mainly provides pressure balance conversion conditions for loading and sampling in the high-pressure seabed simulation system, provides pressure conversion conditions for the sample to be sampled and the sampler 7 to enter experimental conditions from the high-pressure seabed simulation system, or provides pressure conversion conditions for the sample to be put into the high-pressure seabed simulation system and the sampler to enter the high-pressure simulation system from the experimental conditions. The pressure balance cabin 6 is provided with an openable channel, and is connected with the high-pressure seabed simulation system and the experimental state environment system at the same time. The pressure equalization chamber 6 provides a space condition for feeding the sampler 7 and the sample into/out of the hyperbaric simulation chamber 1 in addition to a function of ensuring pressure equalization. As shown in fig. 1, the sampler 7 is provided with a movable guide rail 63, which can be freely retracted and extended in the pressure balance chamber 6 and the high-pressure seabed simulation system, and can freely move and turn over in the high-pressure seabed simulation system by 360 degrees, so that the sampler has a 360-degree free sampling function for samples in the seabed simulation system, and meanwhile, the sampler 7 can be loaded with lighting equipment to provide a light source for the sampler 7 to enter the high-pressure seabed simulation system for sampling, so as to provide conditions for the sampler to perform accurate sampling operation. The sampler 7 may be used to sample the bacterial mat, combustible ice, tubular worms, mussels, sheath shrimps and seafloor sediments in the high pressure subsea simulation system in an in-situ accurate manner.
In the specific implementation process, the in-situ deep sea environmental condition of the high-pressure submarine system is provided by firstly scheduling and operating the system. A seabed interface simulation unit 3, a seabed underbody sediment simulation unit 4 and a seabed overburden seawater environment simulation unit 2 are prepared in a layered filling manner in a simulation system. Firstly, seabed sediments are filled in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 according to actual conditions, and the thickness, distribution, pore state parameters and the like of the sediments are ensured to be consistent with or similar to actual conditions of the seabed. Simultaneously, sulfate solution or iron-containing manganese salt solution and the like are respectively and uniformly injected into different layered positions of the sediment to ensure the oxidation-reduction conditions of different chemical bands. Then, the required amount of seawater is injected into the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 to simulate the overlying sea water body environment of the seabed interface, and the physical and chemical environmental parameters in the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 are ensured to accord with the environmental conditions of the evolution formed by the real seabed cold spring ecosystem through auxiliary units such as a temperature control device 51, a pressure detection system 52 and the like.
In the specific implementation process, after all the seabed environment simulation conditions are prepared, the samples are put in or collected by operating the pressure controller 61, the switch valve 62, the movable guide rail 63 and the sampler 64 in the pressure balance chamber 6;
when a sample is put in:
ensuring that the two switch valves 62 of the pressure balancing cabin 6 are closed, then opening the switch valve 62 communicated with the experimental environment, putting the sample to be cultured on the sampler 7, and then closing the switch valve 62 communicated with the experimental environment;
the pressure is increased through a pressure controller 61, after the pressure is balanced, a switch valve 62 communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 is opened, seawater enters the pressure balance cabin 6, a movable guide rail 63 is controlled to enable a sampler 7 to enter the high-pressure simulation cabin 1, and a sample is put to a designated position;
finally, the sampler 7 is retracted into the pressure balance chamber 6, and the switch valve 62 communicated with the high-pressure simulation chamber 1 is closed to complete the throwing of the sample;
when a sample is collected:
ensuring that two switch valves of the pressure balance cabin 6 are closed, then opening a switch valve 62 communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 to allow seawater to enter the pressure balance cabin 6, controlling a movable guide rail 63 to enable a sampler 7 to enter the high-pressure simulation cabin 1 after pressure balance, and grabbing a sample to be taken back;
then the sampler 7 is retracted into the pressure balance chamber 6, and the switch valve 62 communicated with the high-pressure simulation chamber 1 is closed;
the pressure is reduced by the pressure controller 61, and after the pressure is balanced, the switch valve 62 communicated with the experimental environment is opened, and the sample is taken out to the experimental environment.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. High pressure seabed analog system with normal position sampling device which characterized in that: the device comprises a high-pressure simulation cabin (1), wherein geological stratification is constructed in the high-pressure simulation cabin (1), and the high-pressure simulation cabin comprises a seabed overlying seawater environment simulation unit (2), a seabed interface simulation unit (3) and a seabed underlying sediment simulation unit (4) from top to bottom; the device also comprises an environmental condition control unit (5) used for controlling the internal environmental condition of the device; wherein:
a pressure balance cabin (6) is installed on the high-pressure simulation cabin (1), and a pressure controller (61), a switch valve (62) and a movable guide rail (63) are arranged in the pressure balance cabin (6); a sampler (7) is arranged on the movable guide rail (63);
the switch valves (62) are arranged at two ends of the pressure balance cabin (6);
the control ends of the pressure controller (61), the switch valve (62), the movable guide rail (63) and the sampler (7) are electrically connected with the environmental condition control unit (5);
the pressure balance cabin (6) is arranged on the seabed interface simulation unit (3), and the sampler (7) puts or collects samples in the seabed interface simulation unit (3);
the sampler (7) comprises a connecting base, a rotating platform, a clamping mechanism and a control circuit; wherein:
the sampler (7) is arranged on the movable guide rail (63) through the connecting base;
the rotating platform is arranged on the connecting base;
the clamping mechanism is arranged on the rotating table;
the connecting base, the rotating platform and the control end of the clamping mechanism are electrically connected with the control circuit;
the control circuit is electrically connected with the environmental condition control unit (5); the movable guide rail (63) comprises a guide rail main body, a chain pushing device and a driving motor; wherein:
the connecting base is arranged on the guide rail main body;
the bottom of the guide rail main body is arranged on the chain pushing device;
the chain pushing device is driven by the driving motor;
and the control end of the driving motor is electrically connected with the environmental condition control unit (5).
2. The high pressure subsea simulation system with in situ sampling device of claim 1, wherein: and the seabed overlying seawater environment simulation unit (2) is filled with seawater which is consistent with or close to the actual seabed environment in the overlying space of the seabed interface, so that the simulation of the seabed bottom layer water environment above the seabed interface is realized.
3. The high pressure subsea simulation system with in situ sampling device of claim 2, wherein: the seabed underbody sediment simulation unit (4) is used for performing chemical zonal simulation on sediment, and the chemical zonal simulation of the sediment comprises an anaerobic oxidation zone (41) and a secondary oxygen oxidation zone (42) from bottom to top and is used for researching the interaction effect of seabed ocean current and seabed sediment distribution.
4. The high pressure subsea simulation system according to any of claims 1-3 with in situ sampling devices, wherein: the environmental condition control unit (5) comprises a temperature control device (51), a pressure detection device (52), a water-gas circulation device (53), a liquid injection device (54) and a processing terminal (55);
the water-gas circulating device (53) and the liquid injection device (54) are electrically connected with the processing terminal (55);
one end of the water-gas circulating device (53) is provided with a through hole at the top of the high-pressure simulation cabin (1), and the other end of the water-gas circulating device is arranged on the high-pressure simulation cabin (1) to realize the circulation of gas-liquid fluid in the high-pressure simulation cabin (1);
the temperature control device (51) comprises a plurality of temperature sensors and a ring wall temperature controller, the temperature sensors (511) are uniformly arranged in each geological stratification in the high-pressure simulation cabin (1), and the signal output ends of the temperature sensors (511) are electrically connected with the input end of the processing terminal (55); the annular wall temperature controller is wrapped on the outer wall of the high-pressure simulation cabin (1), and the control end of the annular wall temperature controller is electrically connected with the output end of the processing terminal (55);
the pressure detection device (52) comprises a plurality of pressure sensors (521), and the pressure sensors (521) are uniformly arranged in each geological layer in the high-pressure simulation cabin (1); the signal output end of the pressure sensor (521) is electrically connected with the input end of the processing terminal (55);
the liquid injection device (54) is connected with the bottom of the high-pressure simulation cabin (1);
and the processing terminal (55) is electrically connected with the control circuit and the driving motor.
5. The high pressure subsea simulation system according to claim 4, having in situ sampling apparatus, wherein: the processing terminal (55) comprises a data collector (551), a central processing unit (552), a memory (553) and a display (554); wherein:
the input end of the data acquisition unit (551) is electrically connected with the output ends of the temperature control device (51) and the pressure detection device (52); the output end of the data acquisition unit (551) is electrically connected with the input end of the central processing unit (552);
the central processing unit (552) is electrically connected with the memory (553) to realize information interaction;
the output end of the central processing unit (552) is electrically connected with the input end of the display (554) and is used for displaying the collected information.
6. The control method of the high-pressure seabed simulation system with the in-situ sampling device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: filling a submarine sediment chemical zonation preparation in the high-pressure simulation cabin (1) according to actual conditions, and ensuring that the thickness, distribution, pore parameters and the like of the sediment are consistent with or similar to the real submarine conditions;
s2: respectively and uniformly injecting sulfate solution or iron and manganese containing salt solution into different positions of the sediment to ensure the redox conditions of different chemical bands;
s3: injecting required amount of seawater into the high-pressure simulation cabin (1) to construct a seabed overlying seawater environment simulation unit (2); meanwhile, the environmental condition control unit (5) is controlled to ensure that physical and chemical environmental parameters in the high-pressure simulation cabin (1) conform to the evolution environmental conditions formed by the real submarine cold spring ecosystem;
s4: after all seabed environment simulation conditions are prepared in place, samples are put in or collected by operating a pressure controller (61), a switch valve (62), a movable guide rail (63) and a sampler (7) in a pressure balance cabin (6);
s5: samples cultured or collected from samples administered are studied in the experimental environment.
7. The method for controlling a high pressure subsea simulation system according to claim 6, wherein said step S4 comprises the following steps:
when the sample is put in:
ensuring that two switch valves (62) of the pressure balancing cabin (6) are closed, then opening the switch valve (62) communicated with the experimental environment, putting a sample to be cultured on the sampler (7), and then closing the switch valve (62) communicated with the experimental environment;
the pressure is increased through a pressure controller (61), after the pressure is balanced, a switch valve (62) communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin (1) is opened, seawater enters the pressure balance cabin (6), a movable guide rail (63) is controlled to enable a sampler (7) to enter the high-pressure simulation cabin (1), and a sample is put to a designated position;
finally, the sampler is retracted into the pressure balance cabin (6), and a switch valve (62) communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin (1) is closed to finish the feeding of the sample;
when a sample is collected:
ensuring that two switch valves (62) of the pressure balance cabin (6) are closed, then opening the switch valve (62) communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin (1) to allow seawater to enter the pressure balance cabin (6), after pressure balance, controlling a movable guide rail (63) to enable a sampler (7) to enter the high-pressure simulation cabin (1), and grabbing a sample to be taken back;
then the sampler is retracted into the pressure balance cabin (6), and a switch valve (62) communicated with the high-pressure simulation cabin (1) is closed;
the pressure is reduced through a pressure controller (61), after the pressure is balanced, a switch valve (62) communicated with the experimental environment is opened, and the sample is taken out to the experimental environment.
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