CN111549225B - Method for recovering and enriching precious metals in low-grade precious metal complex material - Google Patents
Method for recovering and enriching precious metals in low-grade precious metal complex material Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000011365 complex material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001926 trapping method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/023—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from pyrometallurgical residues, e.g. from ashes, dross, flue dust, mud, skim, slag, sludge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0056—Scrap treating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering precious metals in a complex material enriched with low-grade precious metals, which comprises the following steps: extruding the waste copper wires into waste copper wire pressing blocks; mixing the low-grade precious metal complex material with lime powder, quartz sand, sodium carbonate, borax and sulfur powder with water uniformly to obtain a mixed material, pelletizing the mixed material, and drying; mixing the waste copper wire pressing block with the dried pellets, and then smelting to obtain smelting slag, wherein the smelting process conditions are as follows: the smelting temperature is 1250-1350 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 h, the pellets are added after the smelting and the slag removal for further smelting and heat preservation, and when the mass percentage of the precious metal in the smelted copper liquid is 3-8%, the copper liquid is poured out and cooled to obtain a copper ingot; and carrying out decoppering treatment and noble metal separation and purification on the copper ingot. The method has the advantages of short process, good environment-friendly effect, high recovery rate of 99 percent and reduction of the total amount of noble metals in the smelting slag to below 5 g/t.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rare and precious metal metallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for recovering precious metals from a low-grade precious metal-enriched complex material.
Background
The noble metal mainly comprises gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium and iridium, is a scarce and expensive metal resource, has a very wide application field, and is mainly applied to the fields of aerospace, petrochemical industry, electronics, medicine, military industry, automobiles and the like. China is a country with rare precious metals, and more than 90% of raw materials such as platinum, palladium and the like need to be imported every year to meet the requirements of social development. Therefore, the secondary resource recovery of noble metals has become an important source of noble metal raw materials in China. At present, the low-grade precious metal secondary resources mainly comprise an automobile exhaust catalyst, a petroleum catalyst and a chemical catalyst, and also comprise various precious metal refining or complex materials generated in the production process of precious metal products.
Because the waste catalysts containing precious metals are various in types and small in single batch quantity, and are measured by kilograms, related recovery processing enterprises generally carry out simple classification and then break the waste catalysts into powder for recovery and extraction, most of the precious metal secondary resource materials are complex in components and contain a large amount of alumina, silica and other substances which are difficult to treat by wet-process and pyrometallurgy. For materials with high precious metal content, hydrometallurgy is generally adopted in the industry for refining, and the advantages of production period, cost and yield are obvious; for complex precious metal materials with precious metal content lower than 1%, pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy are combined to extract precious metals, and the advantages of yield, environmental protection and cost are more remarkable. The low-grade noble metal complex materials comprise various noble metal-containing waste catalysts, difficultly soluble noble metal-containing residues in hydrometallurgy and the like.
The low-grade precious metal complex material mainly takes alumina and silicon oxide as matrixes, the efficient separation of precious metal elements in the low-grade precious metal complex material is a difficult point in the prior art, and the direct adoption of hydrometallurgy has the defects of low yield, large amount of waste water, high environmental protection cost and difficulty in realizing commercial operation; the pyrometallurgical method mainly comprises iron capture, copper capture, lead capture, nickel matte capture and the like, and has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, environmental friendliness and high yield. The pyrometallurgical capturing method is generally adopted abroad to process low-grade precious metal materials, but large-scale industrial application of the pyrometallurgical capturing method for processing high-aluminum high-silicon low-grade precious metal complex materials is not realized at home, although the precious salt platinum industry uses a plasma furnace to capture iron in the low-grade precious metal complex materials, a good capturing effect is realized, due to the fact that the smelting temperature is high, part of silicon dioxide is reduced into simple substance silicon under the strong reducing atmosphere, the silicon and the iron form iron-silicon alloy which is extremely difficult to dissolve in acid and alkali, subsequent processing is difficult, meanwhile, the plasma furnace spare part loss is large, the factor of the spare part purchasing period and the like also reduces the speed of industrial popularization of the plasma furnace iron capturing method in home.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for recovering and enriching precious metals in low-grade precious metal complex materials, aiming at the defects of processing the low-grade precious metal complex materials by a plasma furnace iron trapping method in hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for recovering precious metals in a complex material enriched with low-grade precious metals is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1): extruding the waste copper wires into waste copper wire pressing blocks;
step (2): uniformly mixing a low-grade precious metal complex material with lime powder, quartz sand, sodium carbonate, borax and sulfur powder in water to obtain a mixed material, preparing the mixed material into pellets, and drying the pellets, wherein the mass ratio of silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, sodium oxide, boron oxide and sulfur in the pellets is (62-64): (21-23): (13-15): (1-3): (0.5-1): (3-5);
and (3): mixing the scrap copper wire briquetting obtained in the step (1) with the pellets dried in the step (2) according to the mass ratio of (1: 3) to (1: 4), and then smelting to obtain smelting slag, wherein the smelting process conditions are as follows: the smelting temperature is 1250-1350 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 h, the pellets are added after the smelting and the slag removal for further smelting and heat preservation, and when the mass percentage of the precious metal in the smelted copper liquid is 3-8%, the copper liquid is poured out and cooled to obtain a copper ingot;
and (4): and (4) carrying out decoppering treatment and noble metal separation and purification on the copper ingot in the step (3).
The method for recovering and enriching the precious metals in the low-grade precious metal complex material is characterized in that the waste copper wires in the step (1) comprise waste electric wires, motor winding wires and waste copper.
The method for recovering and enriching the precious metals in the low-grade precious metal complex material is characterized in that the waste copper wire pressing block and the dried pellets in the step (3) are mixed and then smelted in an electric arc furnace.
According to the method for recovering and enriching the precious metals in the low-grade precious metal complex material, the method is characterized in that the recovery rate of gold, platinum and palladium after the precious metals are separated and purified in the step (4) is more than 99%, and the recovery rate of rhodium is more than 98%; the total amount of the noble metals in the smelting slag in the step (3) is less than 5 g/t.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the invention relates to the field of enrichment and recovery of precious metals in low-grade precious metal complex materials, and discloses a method for recovering and enriching various low-grade complex precious metal materials by using waste copper wires. Part of enameled wires on the surface of the waste copper wire are heated at high temperature and decomposed into carbon black, so that a reducing atmosphere can be provided for copper liquid, and copper is prevented from being oxidized; the reasonable material proportion reduces the melting temperature of the material smelting slag to about 1100 ℃, greatly improves the slag fluidity and the capturing effect of the copper liquid, reduces the reaction time and reduces the energy consumption. The invention can realize effective enrichment and extraction of precious metals in low-grade precious metal complex materials, and enables profitable large-scale production to be possible; the recovery rate of the noble metal is high, the recovery rates of gold, platinum and palladium reach more than 99 percent, and the recovery rate of rhodium reaches more than 98 percent; the process flow is simplified, a large amount of reagent consumption and waste water in wet metallurgy are avoided, and the cost is saved; the enrichment multiple of noble metal is high, and the consumption of waste copper wires is low; the common industrial electric arc furnace can be used for processing low-grade complex precious metal materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the method for recovering precious metals from a complex material enriched with low-grade precious metals, provided by the invention, comprises the following steps: step (1): the waste copper wire is pretreated, the waste copper wire is extruded into waste copper wire briquettes by a metal briquetting machine, and preferably, each waste copper wire briquette is 10kg in weight and convenient to feed. The waste copper wires comprise waste electric wires, motor winding wires and waste copper. Step (2): uniformly mixing the low-grade precious metal complex material with lime powder, quartz sand, sodium carbonate, borax and sulfur powder by adding water according to the actual content of silicon dioxide, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide in the low-grade precious metal complex material to obtain a mixed material, preparing the mixed material into pellets by using a ball press, and drying the pellets to ensure that the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide, the calcium oxide, the aluminum oxide, the sodium oxide, the boron oxide and the sulfur in the pellets is (62-64): (21-23): (13-15): (1-3): (0.5-1): (3-5). And (3): and (3) mixing the waste copper wire pressing block in the step (1) with the pellets dried in the step (2) according to the mass ratio of (1: 3) - (1: 4), and then adding the mixture into an electric arc furnace to heat until the mixture is melted, so as to obtain smelting slag, wherein the total amount of noble metals in the smelting slag is less than 5 g/t. The smelting process conditions are as follows: the smelting temperature is 1250-1350 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 h, waste copper wire pressing blocks are not needed to be added after the smelting and the slagging-off, the pellets are continuously added for further smelting and heat preservation, and after the slagging-off for a plurality of times, when the mass percentage content of the precious metals in the smelted copper liquid is 3-8%, the copper liquid is poured into a graphite crucible for cooling, so that the copper ingot is obtained. And (4): and (4) carrying out decoppering treatment and noble metal separation and purification on the copper ingot in the step (3). The recovery rate of gold, platinum and palladium after the noble metal separation and purification reaches more than 99 percent, and the recovery rate of rhodium reaches more than 98 percent.
Example 1
The spent noble metal-containing catalyst was taken for 5 t. Referring to table 1, the spent noble metal-containing catalyst comprises the following chemical composition:
TABLE 1 spent noble metal-containing catalyst comprised of the chemical composition
And extruding the waste copper wires into a plurality of waste copper wire pressing blocks with the weight of 10kg each by using a metal briquetting machine. Adding 865kg of industrial lime, 2.44t of industrial quartz sand, 100kg of sodium carbonate, 25kg of borax and 200kg of sulfur into a spent waste catalyst according to the actual content of silicon dioxide, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide in the table 1, adding water, mixing uniformly, then preparing pellets by using a ball press, drying the pellets, and finally preparing the pellets with the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide, the calcium oxide, the aluminum oxide, the sodium oxide, the boron oxide and the sulfur being 62.3: 21.6: 14.6: 1.4: 0.68: 4.5. after an electric arc furnace is started, 180kg of scrap copper wire pressing blocks and 720kg of dried pellets are added into the electric arc furnace step by step, the melting temperature is kept at 1300 ℃ after materials are completely melted, heat preservation is carried out for 1 hour, melting slag is obtained, the pellets are continuously added after melting and slag removal, melting and heat preservation are carried out, copper liquid is poured out to a graphite crucible for cooling after 17 times of material supplement and slag removal, copper ingots are obtained, the total content of noble metals in the copper ingots reaches 8.25%, and the total content of noble metals in the melting slag is only 3.22 g/t. After the copper ingot is heated and melted by medium frequency induction, water quenching and atomization are carried out to prepare powder, copper powder is subjected to acid leaching and decoppering, the precious metal content of the enriched precious metal material reaches 60.8%, and the subsequent separation and purification of each precious metal element are continuously carried out. The recovery rates of gold, platinum and palladium after the noble metal separation and purification reach 99.9%, 99.8% and 99.8% respectively, and the recovery rate of rhodium reaches 98.2%.
Example 2
Taking the precious metal-containing complex material leached by a wet method, referring to table 2, the precious metal-containing complex material comprises the following chemical components:
TABLE 2 chemical composition of complex materials containing noble metals
And extruding the waste copper wires into a plurality of waste copper wire pressing blocks with the weight of 10kg each by using a metal briquetting machine. According to the actual content of silicon dioxide, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide in the table 1, 256kg of industrial lime, 0.8t of industrial quartz sand, 19.2kg of sodium carbonate, 7.32kg of borax and 50kg of sulfur are added into the spent waste catalyst and mixed with water, the mixture is uniformly mixed and then made into pellets by a ball press, the pellets are dried, and finally the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide, the calcium oxide, the aluminum oxide, the sodium oxide, the boron oxide and the sulfur in the pellets is 63.5: 22.2: 14.5: 1.6: 0.61: 4.5. after an electric arc furnace is started, 150kg of scrap copper wire pressing blocks and 600kg of dried pellets are added into the electric arc furnace step by step, the melting temperature is kept at 1280 ℃ after materials are completely melted, heat preservation is carried out for 1 hour, melting slag is obtained, the pellets are continuously added after melting and slag removal, the melting and heat preservation are carried out, after 10 times of material supplement and slag removal, copper liquid is poured out to a graphite crucible for cooling, copper ingots are obtained, the total content of noble metals in the copper ingots reaches 10.71%, and the total content of noble metals in the melting slag is only 2.86 g/t. After the copper ingot is heated and melted by medium frequency induction, water quenching and atomization are carried out to prepare powder, copper powder is subjected to acid leaching and decoppering, the content of noble metal in the enriched noble metal material reaches 72.5 percent, and the subsequent separation and purification of each noble metal element are continuously carried out. The recovery rates of gold, platinum and palladium after the noble metal separation and purification reach 99.8%, 99.8% and 99.8% respectively, and the recovery rate of rhodium reaches 98.4%.
Claims (4)
1. A method for recovering precious metals in a complex material enriched with low-grade precious metals is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1): extruding the waste copper wires into waste copper wire pressing blocks;
step (2): uniformly mixing a low-grade precious metal complex material with lime powder, quartz sand, sodium carbonate, borax and sulfur powder in water to obtain a mixed material, preparing the mixed material into pellets, and drying the pellets, wherein the mass ratio of silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, sodium oxide, boron oxide and sulfur in the pellets is (62-64): (21-23): (13-15): (1-3): (0.5-1): (3-5);
and (3): mixing the scrap copper wire briquetting obtained in the step (1) with the pellets dried in the step (2) according to the mass ratio of (1: 3) to (1: 4), and then smelting to obtain smelting slag, wherein the smelting process conditions are as follows: the smelting temperature is 1250-1350 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 h, the pellets are added after the smelting and the slag removal for further smelting and heat preservation, and when the mass percentage of the precious metal in the smelted copper liquid is 3-8%, the copper liquid is poured out and cooled to obtain a copper ingot;
and (4): and (4) carrying out decoppering treatment and noble metal separation and purification on the copper ingot in the step (3).
2. The method for recovering the precious metals in the low-grade precious metal-enriched complex material according to claim 1, wherein the waste copper wires in the step (1) are waste electric wires.
3. The method for recovering the precious metals in the low-grade precious metal-enriched complex material according to claim 1, wherein the scrap copper wire briquettes in the step (3) are mixed with the dried pellets and then smelted in an electric arc furnace.
4. The method for recovering the precious metals in the low-grade precious metal-enriched complex material according to claim 1, wherein the recovery rate of gold, platinum and palladium after the precious metals are separated and purified in the step (4) is more than 99%, and the recovery rate of rhodium is more than 98%; the total amount of the noble metals in the smelting slag in the step (3) is less than 5 g/t.
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| CN113621820B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-06-02 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Smelting method of noble metal smelting slag |
| CN114774696B (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2024-03-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Clean and efficient method for capturing and enriching platinum group metals in catalyst |
| CN114990349B (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-04 | 中南大学 | Method for regenerating copper by pyrolyzing copper-based waste material of organic coating |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03250507A (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1991-11-08 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Insulation member |
| CN103352125A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-10-16 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Method for high-efficiently enriching gold and platinum metal from complex low-grade chlorine soaked slag |
| CN103498053A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-01-08 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Method for separating base metals and noble metals in copper anode slime |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03250507A (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1991-11-08 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Insulation member |
| CN103352125A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-10-16 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Method for high-efficiently enriching gold and platinum metal from complex low-grade chlorine soaked slag |
| CN103498053A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-01-08 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Method for separating base metals and noble metals in copper anode slime |
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Effective date of registration: 20240402 Address after: 737199 No. 2 Jianshe Road, Jinchuan District, Jinchang City, Gansu Province (east of Beijing Road, west of Heya Road, south of Guiyang Road) Patentee after: Jinchuan Group Copper Gui Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 737103 No. 98, Jinchuan Road, Jinchang, Gansu Patentee before: JINCHUAN GROUP Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |