CN102925700A - Method for recovering precious metal from electronic waste - Google Patents
Method for recovering precious metal from electronic waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN102925700A CN102925700A CN2012104394713A CN201210439471A CN102925700A CN 102925700 A CN102925700 A CN 102925700A CN 2012104394713 A CN2012104394713 A CN 2012104394713A CN 201210439471 A CN201210439471 A CN 201210439471A CN 102925700 A CN102925700 A CN 102925700A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for recovering precious metal from electronic waste. The method is simple in process, low in cost and capable of gathering the precious metal efficiently. The method includes the following steps: (1) preprocessed electronic waste, a trapping agent and a reducing agent are dried, smashed and mixed evenly; (2) the mixed materials are put in a graphite crucible and placed in a box-type resistance furnace or an electric-arc furnace, temperature rises, reduction is performed, gas is led in to perform protection, and water cooling is performed after reduction so as to enable the precious metal to enter alloys; (3) alloy phase containing the precious metal is immersed in base metal selectively to obtain precious metal enrichment; and (4) the precious metal enrichment is refined by using the hydrometallurgy technology to obtain platinum, palladium, rhodium products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that reclaims precious metal, be specifically related to a kind of method that from electronic waste, reclaims precious metal.
Background technology
Precious metal, especially platinum family precious metal, it has unique physics and chemistry performance, is widely used in the every field such as military project, oil, chemical industry, organic synthesis, microelectronics, tail gas clean-up, plays irreplaceable effect in Modern High-Tech's industry.In the platinum family precious metal, the use of platinum, palladium is the most extensive, and output is extremely low, and according to statistics, now annual output is less than 200 tons in the whole world, and the annual production of China is 1 ton of less than especially.For these precious metal ores, belonged to rich ore if can reach gram/tonne content, have commercial mining and be worth.But contain in the waste of precious metal at some, the content of precious metal but can reach nearly a few hectogram/ton, such as the electronic component etc. that gives up, some in addition more, therefore to the regeneration of the waste that contains precious metal, for the problem that solves China's Precious Metals Resources famine, tool is of great significance.
The precious metal waste material refers to contain useless part, waste residue and the waste water of the precious metals such as Au Ag Pt Pd, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium.Its raw material sources are very extensive, mainly concentrate on the industries such as mineral products, smelting, electronic apparatus, plating, chemical industry.Because the characteristic of precious metal has rare, difficult refinement and high value utilizes precious metal to have huge economic benefit and social benefit from the precious metal waste recovery.
At present, China is to the waste that contains precious metal from high-content, reclaim precious metal in the catalyzer of scrapping such as industries such as medicine, petrochemical industry, oneself has ripe recovery technology, and for low levels to contain the technology that the precious metal waste reclaims also far immature, be in conceptual phase, chief reason is that the waste of these low content of noble metal just begins to produce gradually in recent years, and the bullion content of these wastes is low, composition is comparatively complicated, and the technical requirements of relatively reclaiming is higher.
The precious metal electronic waste that derives from electronic apparatus mainly contains: waste and old circuit board (comprising printed circuit board (PCB), surface-mounted integrated circuit) etc., treatment technology commonly used has Mechanical Crushing, hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy or several technology to combine, but the shortcoming such as its removal process has high, the easy contaminate environment of energy consumption, production efficiency is low, product cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method that reclaims precious metal from electronic waste is provided, technique is simple, cost is low, and can the efficiently concentrating precious metal.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of method that reclaims precious metal from electronic waste may further comprise the steps:
(1) will through pretreated electronic waste and trapping agent, additive and reductive agent oven dry, after the pulverizing, mix;
(2) mixed material is put into plumbago crucible and place chamber type electric resistance furnace or electric arc furnace, heating reduction, the protection of ventilation body, water-cooled after the reduction enters in the alloy precious metal;
(3) the alloy phase selectivity that gained is contained precious metal leaches base metal wherein, obtains the concentration of precious metal thing;
(4) the concentration of precious metal thing adopts hydrometallurgical technology to carry out refining and obtains the platinum, palladium, rhodium product.
Pre-treatment step comprises described in the step (1): (a) the sub-waste material of power taking, and mechanical disintegration is also sieved, and gets the electronic waste powder; (b) the sub-waste material powder of power taking, electrostatic separation separate removes rubber-plastics material, collects the concentration of precious metal body; (c) get the concentration of precious metal body, magnetic separation separates removes ferromagnetic metal, collects without the ferromagnetic metal enrich body.
Trapping agent is iron ore or ferriferous oxide described in the step (1), and consumption is 20 ~ 30% of electronic waste.
Additive described in the step (1) is the mixture of any or both in lime, the sodium sulfate, and consumption is 5 ~ 10% of electronic waste.
Reductive agent is carbon dust described in the step (1), and consumption is 5 ~ 10% of electronic waste.
In the step (2), reduction temperature is 1100 ~ 1350 ℃, time 1 ~ 4h.
The acid that contains the employing of precious metal alloys selectivity leaching base metal described in the step (3) is any one or more in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and the nitric acid.
Waste bullion content of the present invention is less than 1.2g/t, and the rate of recovery of precious metal is greater than 99.2%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, technique is simple, low-cost, the efficiently concentrating precious metal.Adopt the inventive method, the sulfuric acid of consumption only is 1/10 of wet processing, and selectivity leaches reaction and carries out discharging without waste gas in closed reactor, improved labor condition, reduced cost, approximately 145 times of the accumulation rates of precious metal, the direct yield of precious metal is greater than 99.2%.Utilize the physical properties of precious metal to increase pre-treatment step, effectively reduced the consumption of trapping agent, additive and reductive agent in the subsequent step, be suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment, should be noted that following explanation only is in order to explain the present invention, its content not to be limited.
Embodiment 1:
The method may further comprise the steps:
(1) first electronic waste is carried out pre-treatment: (a) get the 1000g electronic waste, mechanical disintegration is also sieved, and gets the electronic waste powder; (b) the sub-waste material powder of power taking, electrostatic separation separate removes rubber-plastics material, collects the concentration of precious metal body; (c) get the concentration of precious metal body, magnetic separation separates removes ferromagnetic metal, collects without the ferromagnetic metal enrich body;
Then will through pretreated electronic waste and 200g iron powder, 50g lime and the oven dry of 50g carbon dust, after the pulverizing, mix;
(2) mixed material is put into plumbago crucible and place chamber type electric resistance furnace or electric arc furnace, heating reduction, temperature is 1100 ℃, time 1h, logical nitrogen protection, water-cooled after the reduction enters in the alloy precious metal;
(3) the alloy phase mass concentration that gained is contained precious metal is that 20% sulfuric acid selectivity leaches base metal wherein;
(4) the concentration of precious metal thing adopts hydrometallurgical technology to carry out refining and obtains the platinum, palladium, rhodium product.
Embodiment 2:
The method may further comprise the steps:
(1) first electronic waste is carried out pre-treatment: (a) get the 1000g electronic waste, mechanical disintegration is also sieved, and gets the electronic waste powder; (b) the sub-waste material powder of power taking, electrostatic separation separate removes rubber-plastics material, collects the concentration of precious metal body; (c) get the concentration of precious metal body, magnetic separation separates removes ferromagnetic metal, collects without the ferromagnetic metal enrich body;
Then will through pretreated electronic waste and 250g ferric oxide, 80g sodium sulfate and the oven dry of 80g carbon dust, after the pulverizing, mix;
(2) mixed material is put into plumbago crucible and place chamber type electric resistance furnace or electric arc furnace, heating reduction, temperature is 1200 ℃, time 3h, logical nitrogen protection, water-cooled after the reduction enters in the alloy precious metal;
(3) the alloy phase mass concentration that gained is contained precious metal is that 30% hydrochloric acid selectivity leaches base metal wherein;
(4) the concentration of precious metal thing adopts hydrometallurgical technology to carry out refining and obtains the platinum, palladium, rhodium product.
Embodiment 3:
The method may further comprise the steps:
(1) first electronic waste is carried out pre-treatment: (a) get the 1000g electronic waste, mechanical disintegration is also sieved, and gets the electronic waste powder; (b) the sub-waste material powder of power taking, electrostatic separation separate removes rubber-plastics material, collects the concentration of precious metal body; (c) get the concentration of precious metal body, magnetic separation separates removes ferromagnetic metal, collects without the ferromagnetic metal enrich body;
Then will through pretreated electronic waste and 300g ferric oxide, 100g lime and the oven dry of 100g carbon dust, after the pulverizing, mix;
(2) mixed material is put into plumbago crucible and place chamber type electric resistance furnace or electric arc furnace, heating reduction, temperature is 1350 ℃, time 4h, logical nitrogen protection, water-cooled after the reduction enters in the alloy precious metal;
(3) the alloy phase mass concentration that gained is contained precious metal is that 30% nitric acid selectivity leaches base metal wherein;
(4) the concentration of precious metal thing adopts hydrometallurgical technology to carry out refining and obtains the platinum, palladium, rhodium product.
Test example 1:
Gained waste bullion content is less than 1.0g/t among the embodiment 1 ~ 3, and the rate of recovery of precious metal is greater than 99.5%.
Although above-mentioned the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but be not limiting the scope of the invention; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various modifications that creative work can make or distortion still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a method that reclaims precious metal from electronic waste is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) will through pretreated electronic waste and trapping agent, additive and reductive agent oven dry, after the pulverizing, mix;
(2) mixed material is put into plumbago crucible and place chamber type electric resistance furnace or electric arc furnace, heating reduction, the protection of ventilation body, water-cooled after the reduction enters in the alloy precious metal;
(3) the alloy phase selectivity that gained is contained precious metal leaches base metal wherein, obtains the concentration of precious metal thing;
(4) the concentration of precious metal thing adopts hydrometallurgical technology to carry out refining and obtains the platinum, palladium, rhodium product.
2. a kind of method that reclaims precious metal from electronic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that, pre-treatment step comprises described in the step (1): (a) the sub-waste material of power taking, and mechanical disintegration is also sieved, and gets the electronic waste powder; (b) the sub-waste material powder of power taking, electrostatic separation separate removes rubber-plastics material, collects the concentration of precious metal body; (c) get the concentration of precious metal body, magnetic separation separates removes ferromagnetic metal, collects without the ferromagnetic metal enrich body.
3. a kind of method that reclaims precious metal from electronic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that, trapping agent is iron ore or ferriferous oxide described in the step (1), and consumption is 20 ~ 30% of electronic waste.
4. a kind of method that reclaims precious metal from electronic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that, additive described in the step (1) is the mixture of any or both in lime, the sodium sulfate, and consumption is 5 ~ 10% of electronic waste.
5. a kind of method that reclaims precious metal from electronic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that, reductive agent is carbon dust described in the step (1), and consumption is 5 ~ 10% of electronic waste.
6. a kind of method that reclaims precious metal from electronic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step (2), reduction temperature is 1100 ~ 1350 ℃, time 1 ~ 4h.
7. a kind of method that reclaims precious metal from electronic waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the acid that contains the employing of precious metal alloys selectivity leaching base metal described in the step (3) is any one or more in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and the nitric acid.
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| CN2012104394713A CN102925700A (en) | 2012-11-07 | 2012-11-07 | Method for recovering precious metal from electronic waste |
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| CN2012104394713A CN102925700A (en) | 2012-11-07 | 2012-11-07 | Method for recovering precious metal from electronic waste |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105039709A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-11 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Enrichment and separation method of cobalt in waste circuit board multi-metal hybrid resources |
| CN108441647A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-24 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that pyrogenic process recycles noble metal platinum in automobile dead catalyst |
| CN110018155A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-07-16 | 江西瑞林稀贵金属科技有限公司 | A kind of method of tin amount in aes determination electronic waste smelting ash |
| CN113151667A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-23 | 上海第二工业大学 | Method for recycling rare and precious metal elements from waste LED packaging |
| CN116875808A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-10-13 | 烟台恳特冶金科技集团有限公司 | Process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metal elements |
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| CN101311280A (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2008-11-26 | 董蜀希 | Process for recovering non-ferrous metal and noble metal from electronic waste material |
| CN101509077A (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2009-08-19 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | Method for extracting platinum, palladium, rhodium from automotive catalyst of ore phase reconstruction |
| CN102199707A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2011-09-28 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Recycling and harmless treatment method for waste electronic glass |
| CN102441553A (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-05-09 | 深圳市格林美高新技术股份有限公司 | Method and device for recovering precious metals from precious metal electronic scraps |
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2012
- 2012-11-07 CN CN2012104394713A patent/CN102925700A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101311280A (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2008-11-26 | 董蜀希 | Process for recovering non-ferrous metal and noble metal from electronic waste material |
| CN101509077A (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2009-08-19 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | Method for extracting platinum, palladium, rhodium from automotive catalyst of ore phase reconstruction |
| CN102441553A (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-05-09 | 深圳市格林美高新技术股份有限公司 | Method and device for recovering precious metals from precious metal electronic scraps |
| CN102199707A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2011-09-28 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Recycling and harmless treatment method for waste electronic glass |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105039709A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-11 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Enrichment and separation method of cobalt in waste circuit board multi-metal hybrid resources |
| CN108441647A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-24 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that pyrogenic process recycles noble metal platinum in automobile dead catalyst |
| CN110018155A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-07-16 | 江西瑞林稀贵金属科技有限公司 | A kind of method of tin amount in aes determination electronic waste smelting ash |
| CN113151667A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-23 | 上海第二工业大学 | Method for recycling rare and precious metal elements from waste LED packaging |
| CN116875808A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-10-13 | 烟台恳特冶金科技集团有限公司 | Process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metal elements |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |