CN116875808A - Process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metal elements - Google Patents
Process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metal elements Download PDFInfo
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- CN116875808A CN116875808A CN202311148673.7A CN202311148673A CN116875808A CN 116875808 A CN116875808 A CN 116875808A CN 202311148673 A CN202311148673 A CN 202311148673A CN 116875808 A CN116875808 A CN 116875808A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble metal elements, which comprises the steps of firstly grinding, secondly stirring, adding water, thirdly preparing a mechanism, fourthly placing a stainless steel frame, fifthly feeding reduction equipment in a linkage manner through an automatic feeding system outside the reduction equipment and an automatic material conveying system in a reduction cavity, closing a door, setting technical parameters of the reduction equipment, and starting up for reduction and agglomeration. The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metals in materials. The electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration process for noble and rare metal elements accords with national environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction. The method has the characteristics of small investment, simple control, high automation degree, large-scale production, low cost, increment of noble and rare metals in materials, increase in yield, increase in economic benefit and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metals in materials, in particular to a process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metal elements.
Background
The material (mineral is one of the materials) is separated from non-metal and noble rare metal by electromagnetic equipment under certain conditions, so that the noble rare metal is reduced and agglomerated in a nano-scale ionic state, and is extracted in the subsequent process. The use of the invention is a technical innovation in the noble rare metal production industry, and in the reduction process, the non-environment-friendly materials effectively remove harmful impurities (arsenic, sulfur, carbon and the like) to achieve the environment-friendly state, thereby creating favorable conditions for the subsequent electronic adsorption environment-friendly production process.
The traditional Chinese patent with the patent application number of CN201010506134.2 discloses a method and equipment for recovering noble metals from noble metal electronic waste, the scheme is mainly applied to the noble metal electronic waste, filtrate and filter residues are generated through microwave temperature control, low-melting-point metal is realized to generate filtrate, high-melting-point metal is generated to filter residues, the filter residues are mainly continuously generated to filter residues through a microwave melting method, meanwhile, the filter residues can also be subjected to an acid-soluble filtering method, a single strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid is added to submerge the filter residues, the filtrate and the filter residues which cannot be dissolved in the strong acid are further generated, and the filter residues generated after the acid-soluble filtering method can be continuously electrolyzed or extracted through the traditional process, so that the noble metals are collected. However, the method and the equipment cannot directly reduce noble metal electronic waste, mainly realize the separation of waste metal and plastic through electrostatic separation, realize solid-liquid separation through filtration of a filter screen, and treat filtrate obtained through solid-liquid separation through electrolysis or extraction of the traditional process of the filtrate. The scheme is mainly characterized in that the precious and rare metal filtrate and the high-melting-point filter residue are subjected to solid-liquid separation for one time to recover the precious metals. The method has the disadvantages of complicated operation steps, easy loss of noble metal elements by an acid-soluble filtration method, single process separation waste and the like.
The existing recovery and extraction process technology of noble and rare metals such as gold and the like uses chemical mineral separation, cyanidation or other chemical means for extraction, the whole production process is not environment-friendly, three wastes are discharged, and the environment is polluted; the recovery rate is low; the materials in the traditional process are not subjected to reduction treatment, so that the unit productivity of noble and rare metals is reduced; other noble and rare metals associated with the materials can not be recovered and extracted, so that resource waste is caused; low production benefit and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble rare metal elements, which solves the problems of environmental protection recovery treatment of harmful substances in materials and environmental protection production. In the materials containing noble and rare metals, various harmful substances such as arsenic, sulfur and the like are often generated, so that the treatment is poor, the environment is not protected, and the recovery extraction rate of the noble and rare metals is influenced. Through the electromagnetic reduction process, the reduction temperature and time can be set according to the attribute of harmful substances to be removed, so that the removal and recovery of the harmful substances can be completely solved, the materials in production are environment-friendly, and the recovery amount of noble rare metals is improved. The noble metal and the nonmetal of the reduced material can be separated under a certain condition, and the ionic metal and the nanoscale metal in the material are reduced and agglomerated through electromagnetic waves by controlling the temperature and the time, so that charged elemental metal and metal clusters are formed, and the electronic adsorption extraction of the subsequent production process is facilitated. Solves the problem that ions and nano noble and rare metals in the materials can not be recovered and extracted, and improves the unit yield and benefit of the noble and rare metals in the materials. At present, the technology realizes the production stage of treating 10 tons of materials in small test, pilot test and daily, and achieves good production effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metal elements comprises the following steps:
step one, grinding: determining granularity according to the materials;
step two, stirring and adding water: adding water according to the materials and the water content;
step three, manufacturing mechanism type: determining shape size, pressure and density according to the material;
step four, placing a stainless steel frame: after the material is shaped and shifted, sleeving a quadrilateral stainless steel frame;
step five, the reduction equipment is fed in linkage with an automatic material conveying system in the reduction cavity through an automatic feeding system outside the reduction equipment;
step six, closing the door, and setting the technical parameters of the reduction equipment: starting a reduction equipment control system, preventing dust and carbon dioxide from being discharged and recovering harmful valuable substances through a hot gas recovery system, and setting reduction technical parameters to finish separating and reducing precious and rare metals in agglomerated materials;
and seventhly, opening the bin, and automatically discharging in a linkage way.
The first to fourth steps of the invention are material pretreatment stages, and the purpose of the invention is to smash and reorganize the materials so that the materials have optimal conditions for reduction.
The material is solid material capable of reducing gold, silver, palladium and other noble metals, including mineral, and some material contains arsenic, sulfur and other harmful valuable matters. In the reduction process, each material can be set with control time and temperature according to the ingredient assay index. And in the process of controlling the temperature from low to high in sequence, removing harmful substances (arsenic 200-650 ℃ and sulfur 200-1150 ℃) and reducing and agglomerating noble rare metals. The noble rare metals are reduced and agglomerated at a low to high temperature, for example: the reduction and agglomeration temperatures of silver and gold are 600-960 ℃, 700-1150 ℃, 800-1500 ℃ and 900-1500 ℃ respectively.
Preferably, the reduction equipment, the automatic material conveying system in the reduction cavity and the hot gas recovery system are all connected with the connecting end of the reduction equipment control system;
the reduction equipment is used for enabling the material to generate heat energy under the action of an electromagnetic field so as to separate nonmetal from metal under a certain condition, and reducing and agglomerating noble and rare metals in the material.
Preferably, the hot gas recovery system comprises a water atomization recovery device, an electromagnetic wave isolator is arranged on one side of the water atomization recovery device, and a tail gas air extractor unit is connected on one side of the water atomization recovery device.
Preferably, the reduction equipment is provided with an electromagnetic radiation high-temperature cavity, the electromagnetic radiation high-temperature cavity is formed by welding 304 stainless steel, a lining of the electromagnetic radiation high-temperature cavity adopts a 100mm thick high-purity ceramic fiber board lining, an outer layer of the electromagnetic radiation high-temperature cavity is an outer heat preservation cold surface made of a ceramic fiber board, two ends of the electromagnetic radiation high-temperature cavity are provided with sealing doors and door body fastening locks, the inside of the electromagnetic radiation high-temperature cavity is provided with a temperature measurement and control probe, the top of the electromagnetic radiation high-temperature cavity is provided with an electromagnetic wave excitation cavity, the electromagnetic wave excitation cavity is made of pure aluminum materials with the thickness of 8mm, the electromagnetic wave excitation cavity is set to be 60mm long, 115mm wide and 120mm deep, an electromagnetic wave source emitter is butted on the electromagnetic wave excitation cavity, each electromagnetic wave source emitter is arranged in parallel, one end of the electromagnetic wave source emitter is connected with an electromagnetic wave source starter with the power of 1100W, and the end of the electromagnetic wave source starter is connected with a cooling water circulation system.
Preferably, the reduction equipment control system comprises a total program control cabinet, wherein a power switch button, an emergency stop button, a PLC touch screen full-automatic program control display screen and a plurality of ports are arranged in the total program control cabinet, and the ports are connected with a temperature measurement and control probe corresponding port, an electromagnetic wave source starter corresponding port, a motor corresponding port on the water atomization treatment device and a motor line source of the tail gas air extractor unit through wires.
Preferably, the granularity of the milled powder in the first step is set to be 200-600 meshes.
Preferably, the water adding range in the second step is set to 8% -20%.
Preferably, the molding density (ρ) in the third step is set to be 1.2-3 tons/cubic meter, the molding is cuboid, the length is set to be 800-2300mm, the width is set to be 800-2300mm, the height is set to be 100-300mm, the materials are placed on a cuboid stainless steel plate for molding in the molding process, the stainless steel plate is set to be 850-2350mm in length, the width is set to be 850-2350mm, the height is set to be 10-20mm, and the cuboid molded in the interval of the above ranges can completely and uniformly receive electromagnetic waves, so that the materials can be better and uniformly separated, and the optimal effects of electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration are achieved.
Preferably, the length, width and height of the stainless steel frame in the fourth step are 805-2305mm, and 100-300mm.
Preferably, the technical parameter set in the step six is reduction time of 50-180min and reduction temperature of 500-1500 ℃.
Preferably, the noble metal elements in the step six are reduced and agglomerated, mainly by electromagnetic radiation, and the materials are heated.
The invention provides a process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metal elements. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration process for noble metal elements accords with the characteristics of national environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction, capability of extracting various associated noble metals from unit materials, capability of increasing production and enhancing efficiency of each noble metal, direct reduction and agglomeration of the noble metals through an electromagnetic technology, realization of separation technology of metals, plastics and the like, and limitation of the size and shape of the materials, reduction and agglomeration of ionic metals and nanoscale metals in the materials by utilizing electromagnetic waves, and formation of charged elemental metals and metal clusters, and has the characteristics of innovation, less investment, simplicity in operation, high automation degree, large-scale production, low cost, improvement of economic benefits and the like, and can create larger economic benefits and social benefits for the country and society.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hot gas recovery system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control system of a reduction device according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a reduction device control system; 2. an automatic material conveying system in the reduction cavity; 3. a hot gas recovery system; 4. and a reduction device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metal elements comprises the following steps:
example 1
And (3) material: actual assay gold content 0.08 g gold/ton, 5 g silver/ton material 20 kg, 500 kg batch pilot.
Step one, grinding: determining granularity according to the materials, wherein the granularity of the milled powder in the first step is set to be 200 meshes;
step two, stirring and adding water: the water is added into the materials according to the water content, and the water adding range is set to be 20% of the water content in the materials, so that the materials can better receive electromagnetic waves, high temperature is generated to realize separation, and the best effect of noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration is achieved;
step three, manufacturing mechanism type: the materials are sent into a molding machine, and the pressure and the density are determined according to the materials. Pressure: the 10MPa, the shaping density (ρ) is set to be 1.33 tons/cubic meter, the reduction and agglomeration requirements are met, the reasonable material density is favorable for noble metal separation, reduction and agglomeration, the shaping length, width and height are set to be 1030mm multiplied by 1010mm multiplied by 200mm cuboid shapes, and the materials are placed on 1050mm multiplied by 12mm stainless steel plates in the shaping process, so that the materials can completely and uniformly receive electromagnetic waves, the materials can be better and uniformly separated, and the optimal effect of electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration is achieved.
Step four, placing a stainless steel frame: after the material is shaped and shifted, sleeving a quadrilateral stainless steel frame, wherein the length, width and height of the stainless steel frame in the fourth step are 1035mm multiplied by 1015mm multiplied by 200mm, and the combined tray technology is adopted, so that the problems of stable feeding, conveying, reducing and discharging and easy deformation are solved, and the material reduction shape state is ensured to be good;
step five, feeding the prepared materials in a linkage way through a material automatic conveying system 2 and a reduction device 4 in a reduction cavity, so that the reduced materials are produced in a large scale;
and determining the noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration temperatures and time according to the noble and rare metal assay analysis indexes in the materials, and sequentially carrying out separation reduction and agglomeration of the target noble and rare metals according to the noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration temperatures and time.
Step six, closing the door and closing and restoring: starting a control system 1 of the reduction equipment, and setting reduction technical parameters to finish reduction and agglomeration. Silver reduction and agglomeration: setting the technical parameters as the reduction time of 40min and the reduction temperature of 600-800 ℃, and reducing the ionic silver in the materials to the state of simple substance silver. After reduction, setting the technical parameters of 30min of agglomeration time and 800-960 ℃ of agglomeration temperature, and carrying out agglomeration forming on ionic silver and nano silver; gold reduction, agglomeration: setting the technical parameters of reduction time of 60min and reduction temperature of 700-950 ℃ to reduce the ionic gold in the materials to the state of simple substance gold. After reduction, setting the technical parameters of agglomeration time of 30min and agglomeration temperature of 950-1150 ℃ to agglomerate and shape the ionic gold and the nano gold; reduction and agglomeration of palladium: setting the technical parameters as reduction time of 30min and reduction temperature of 800-1100 ℃, and reducing the ionic palladium in the materials to an elemental palladium state. After reduction, setting the technical parameters of agglomeration time of 40min and agglomeration temperature of 1100-1500 ℃, and carrying out agglomeration forming on ionic palladium and nano palladium; iridium reduction and agglomeration: setting the technical parameters as reduction time of 30min and reduction temperature of 900-1100 ℃, and reducing ionic iridium in the materials to a simple substance iridium state. After reduction, the set technical parameters are agglomeration time of 40min and agglomeration temperature of 1100-1500 ℃, and ion palladium and nano iridium are agglomerated and formed. Dust and carbon dioxide emission and recovery of harmful valuable substances and the like can be prevented by a hot gas recovery system in the reduction agglomeration process.
And seventhly, opening the bin, and automatically discharging in a linkage way.
In the embodiment, the content of the precious metal elements reduced and agglomerated by the technical scheme provided by the invention is tested, and the actual content of the reduced and agglomerated precious metal elements is higher than the content detection data of the original precious metal elements of the materials, and the comparison data are as follows:
example 2
And (3) material: actual assay gold content 0.08 g gold/ton, 5 g silver/ton material 20 kg, 500 kg batch pilot.
Step one, grinding: determining granularity according to the materials, wherein the granularity of the milled powder in the first step is set to be 200 meshes;
step two, stirring and adding water: the water is added into the materials according to the water content, and the water adding range is set to be 20% of the water content in the materials, so that the materials can better receive electromagnetic waves, high temperature is generated to realize separation, and the best effect of noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration is achieved;
step three, manufacturing mechanism type: the materials are sent into a molding machine, and the pressure and the density are determined according to the materials. Pressure: the forming density (ρ) is set to be 1.33 tons/cubic meter, the reduction and agglomeration requirements are met, the reasonable material density is favorable for noble metal separation, reduction and agglomeration, the forming length, width and height are set to be 1030mm multiplied by 1010mm multiplied by 350mm cuboid shapes, and the materials are placed on a 1050mm multiplied by 12mm stainless steel plate in the forming process.
Step four, placing a stainless steel frame: after the material is shaped and shifted, sleeving a quadrilateral stainless steel frame, wherein the length, width and height of the stainless steel frame in the fourth step are 1035mm multiplied by 1015mm multiplied by 350mm, and the combined tray technology is adopted, so that the problems of stable feeding, conveying, reducing and discharging and easy deformation are solved, and the material reduction shape state is ensured to be good;
step five, feeding the prepared materials in a linkage way through a material automatic conveying system 2 and a reduction device 4 in a reduction cavity, so that the reduced materials are produced in a large scale;
and determining the noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration temperatures and time according to the noble and rare metal assay analysis indexes in the materials, and sequentially carrying out separation reduction and agglomeration of the target noble and rare metals according to the noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration temperatures and time.
Step six, closing the door and closing and restoring: starting a control system 1 of the reduction equipment, and setting reduction technical parameters to finish reduction and agglomeration. Silver reduction and agglomeration: setting the technical parameters as the reduction time of 40min and the reduction temperature of 600-800 ℃, and reducing the ionic silver in the materials to the state of simple substance silver. After reduction, setting the technical parameters of 30min of agglomeration time and 800-960 ℃ of agglomeration temperature, and carrying out agglomeration forming on ionic silver and nano silver; gold reduction, agglomeration: setting the technical parameters of reduction time of 60min and reduction temperature of 700-950 ℃ to reduce the ionic gold in the materials to the state of simple substance gold. After reduction, setting the technical parameters of agglomeration time of 30min and agglomeration temperature of 950-1150 ℃ to agglomerate and shape the ionic gold and the nano gold; reduction and agglomeration of palladium: setting the technical parameters as reduction time of 30min and reduction temperature of 800-1100 ℃, and reducing the ionic palladium in the materials to an elemental palladium state. After reduction, setting the technical parameters of agglomeration time of 40min and agglomeration temperature of 1100-1500 ℃, and carrying out agglomeration forming on ionic palladium and nano palladium; iridium reduction and agglomeration: setting the technical parameters as reduction time of 30min and reduction temperature of 900-1100 ℃, and reducing ionic iridium in the materials to a simple substance iridium state. After reduction, the set technical parameters are agglomeration time of 40min and agglomeration temperature of 1100-1500 ℃, and ion palladium and nano iridium are agglomerated and formed. Dust and carbon dioxide emission and recovery of harmful valuable substances and the like can be prevented by a hot gas recovery system in the reduction agglomeration process.
And seventhly, opening the bin, and automatically discharging in a linkage way.
In the embodiment, the content of the precious metal elements reduced and agglomerated by the technical scheme provided by the invention is detected, the actual content of the reduced and agglomerated precious metal is lower than the content detection data of the precious metal elements in the material setting technical scheme standard, and the comparison data are as follows:
example 3
And (3) material: actual assay gold content 0.08 g gold/ton, 5 g silver/ton material 20 kg, 500 kg batch pilot.
Step one, grinding: determining granularity according to the materials, wherein the granularity of the milled powder in the first step is set to be 200 meshes;
step two, stirring and adding water: the water is added into the materials according to the water content, and the water adding range is set to be 20% of the water content in the materials, so that the materials can better receive electromagnetic waves, high temperature is generated to realize separation, and the best effect of noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration is achieved;
step three, manufacturing mechanism type: the materials are sent into a molding machine, and the pressure and the density are determined according to the materials. Pressure: the forming density (ρ) is set to be 1.33 tons/cubic meter, the reduction and agglomeration requirements are met, the reasonable material density is favorable for noble metal separation, reduction and agglomeration, the forming length, width and height are set to be 1030mm multiplied by 1010mm multiplied by 400mm cuboid shapes, and the materials are placed on a 1050mm multiplied by 12mm stainless steel plate in the forming process.
Step four, placing a stainless steel frame: after the material is shaped and shifted, sleeving a quadrilateral stainless steel frame, wherein the length, width and height of the stainless steel frame in the fourth step are 1035mm multiplied by 1015mm multiplied by 400mm, and the combined tray technology is adopted, so that the problems of stable feeding, conveying, reducing and discharging and easy deformation are solved, and the material reduction shape state is ensured to be good;
step five, feeding the prepared materials in a linkage way through a material automatic conveying system 2 and a reduction device 4 in a reduction cavity, so that the reduced materials are produced in a large scale;
and determining the noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration temperatures and time according to the noble and rare metal assay analysis indexes in the materials, and sequentially carrying out separation reduction and agglomeration of the target noble and rare metals according to the noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration temperatures and time.
Step six, closing the door and closing and restoring: starting a control system 1 of the reduction equipment, and setting reduction technical parameters to finish reduction and agglomeration. Silver reduction and agglomeration: setting the technical parameters as the reduction time of 40min and the reduction temperature of 600-800 ℃, and reducing the ionic silver in the materials to the state of simple substance silver. After reduction, setting the technical parameters of 30min of agglomeration time and 800-960 ℃ of agglomeration temperature, and carrying out agglomeration forming on ionic silver and nano silver; gold reduction, agglomeration: setting the technical parameters of reduction time of 60min and reduction temperature of 700-950 ℃ to reduce the ionic gold in the materials to the state of simple substance gold. After reduction, setting the technical parameters of agglomeration time of 30min and agglomeration temperature of 950-1150 ℃ to agglomerate and shape the ionic gold and the nano gold; reduction and agglomeration of palladium: setting the technical parameters as reduction time of 30min and reduction temperature of 800-1100 ℃, and reducing the ionic palladium in the materials to an elemental palladium state. After reduction, setting the technical parameters of agglomeration time of 40min and agglomeration temperature of 1100-1500 ℃, and carrying out agglomeration forming on ionic palladium and nano palladium; iridium reduction and agglomeration: setting the technical parameters as reduction time of 30min and reduction temperature of 900-1100 ℃, and reducing ionic iridium in the materials to a simple substance iridium state. After reduction, the set technical parameters are agglomeration time of 40min and agglomeration temperature of 1100-1500 ℃, and ion palladium and nano iridium are agglomerated and formed. Dust and carbon dioxide emission and recovery of harmful valuable substances and the like can be prevented by a hot gas recovery system in the reduction agglomeration process.
And seventhly, opening the bin, and automatically discharging in a linkage way.
In the embodiment, the content of the precious metal elements reduced and agglomerated by the technical scheme provided by the invention is inspected, and the actual content of the reduced and agglomerated precious metal elements is lower than the content detection data of the precious metal elements in the material setting technical scheme, and the comparison data are as follows:
comparative examples 1-3 obtained data:
example 4
And (3) material: 6 tons of sulfuric acid residues are produced in each batch
Step one, grinding: determining granularity according to the materials, wherein the granularity of the milled powder in the first step is set to be 200 meshes;
step two, stirring and adding water: the water is added into the materials according to the water content, and the water adding range is set to be 20% of the water content in the materials, so that the materials can better receive electromagnetic waves, high temperature is generated to realize separation, and the best effect of noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration is achieved;
step three, manufacturing mechanism type: the materials are sent into a molding machine, and the pressure and the density are determined according to the materials. Pressure: the 10MPa, the shaping density (ρ) is set to be 1.33 tons/cubic meter, the reduction and agglomeration requirements are met, the reasonable material density is favorable for noble metal separation, reduction and agglomeration, the shaping length, width and height are set to be 1030mm multiplied by 1010mm multiplied by 200mm cuboid shapes, and the materials are placed on 1050mm multiplied by 12mm stainless steel plates in the shaping process, so that the materials can completely and uniformly receive electromagnetic waves, the materials can be better and uniformly separated, and the optimal effect of electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration is achieved.
Step four, placing a stainless steel frame: after the material is shaped and shifted, sleeving a quadrilateral stainless steel frame, wherein the length, width and height of the stainless steel frame in the fourth step are 1035mm multiplied by 1015mm multiplied by 200mm, and the combined tray technology is adopted, so that the problems of stable feeding, conveying, reducing and discharging and easy deformation are solved, and the material reduction shape state is ensured to be good;
step five, feeding the prepared materials in a linkage way through a material automatic conveying system 2 and a reduction device 4 in a reduction cavity, so that the reduced materials are produced in a large scale;
and determining the noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration temperatures and time according to the noble and rare metal assay analysis indexes in the materials, and sequentially carrying out separation reduction and agglomeration of the target noble and rare metals according to the noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration temperatures and time.
Step six, closing the door and closing and restoring: starting a control system 1 of the reduction equipment, and setting reduction technical parameters to finish reduction and agglomeration. Silver reduction and agglomeration: setting the technical parameters of 40min of reduction time and 600-800 ℃ of reduction temperature, reducing the ionic silver in the materials to a simple substance silver state, setting the technical parameters of 30min of agglomeration time after reduction, and carrying out agglomeration forming on the ionic silver and the nano silver at 800-960 ℃; gold reduction, agglomeration: setting the technical parameters of reduction time of 60min and reduction temperature of 700-950 ℃ to reduce the ionic gold in the materials to the state of simple substance gold. After reduction, the set technical parameters are agglomeration time of 30min, agglomeration temperature of 950-1150 ℃, and agglomeration forming of the ionic gold and the nano gold. Dust and carbon dioxide emission and recovery of harmful valuable substances and the like can be prevented by a hot gas recovery system in the reduction agglomeration process.
And seventhly, opening the bin, and automatically discharging in a linkage way.
In the embodiment, the content of the precious metal elements reduced and agglomerated by the technical scheme provided by the invention is tested, and the actual content of the reduced and agglomerated precious metal elements is higher than the content detection data of the original precious metal elements of the materials, and the comparison data are as follows:
example 5
And (3) material: 6 tons of sulfuric acid residues are produced in each batch
Step one, grinding: determining granularity according to the materials, wherein the granularity of the milled powder in the first step is set to be 200 meshes;
step two, stirring and adding water: the water is added into the materials according to the water content, and the water adding range is set to be 20% of the water content in the materials, so that the materials can better receive electromagnetic waves, high temperature is generated to realize separation, and the best effect of noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration is achieved;
step three, manufacturing mechanism type: the materials are sent into a molding machine, and the pressure and the density are determined according to the materials. Pressure: the forming density (ρ) is set to be 1.33 tons/cubic meter, the reduction and agglomeration requirements are met, the reasonable material density is favorable for noble metal separation, reduction and agglomeration, the forming length, width and height are set to be 1030mm multiplied by 1010mm multiplied by 350mm cuboid shapes, and the materials are placed on a 1050mm multiplied by 12mm stainless steel plate in the forming process.
Step four, placing a stainless steel frame: after the material is shaped and shifted, sleeving a quadrilateral stainless steel frame, wherein the length, width and height of the stainless steel frame in the fourth step are 1035mm multiplied by 1015mm multiplied by 350mm, and the combined tray technology is adopted, so that the problems of stable feeding, conveying, reducing and discharging and easy deformation are solved, and the material reduction shape state is ensured to be good;
step five, feeding the prepared materials in a linkage way through a material automatic conveying system 2 and a reduction device 4 in a reduction cavity, so that the reduced materials are produced in a large scale;
and determining the noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration temperatures and time according to the noble and rare metal assay analysis indexes in the materials, and sequentially carrying out separation reduction and agglomeration of the target noble and rare metals according to the noble and rare metal reduction and agglomeration temperatures and time.
Step six, closing the door and closing and restoring: starting a control system 1 of the reduction equipment, and setting reduction technical parameters to finish reduction and agglomeration. Silver reduction and agglomeration: setting the technical parameters of 40min of reduction time and 600-800 ℃ of reduction temperature, reducing the ionic silver in the materials to a simple substance silver state, setting the technical parameters of 30min of agglomeration time after reduction, and carrying out agglomeration forming on the ionic silver and the nano silver at 800-960 ℃; gold reduction, agglomeration: setting the technical parameters of reduction time of 60min and reduction temperature of 700-950 ℃ to reduce the ionic gold in the materials to the state of simple substance gold. After reduction, the set technical parameters are agglomeration time of 30min, agglomeration temperature of 950-1150 ℃, and agglomeration forming of the ionic gold and the nano gold. Dust and carbon dioxide emission and recovery of harmful valuable substances and the like can be prevented by a hot gas recovery system in the reduction agglomeration process.
And seventhly, opening the bin, and automatically discharging in a linkage way.
In the embodiment, the content of the noble metal elements reduced and agglomerated by the technical scheme provided by the invention is inspected, the actual content of the reduced and agglomerated noble metal elements is lower than the content detection data of the noble metal elements in the material setting technical scheme standard, and the comparison data are as follows:
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comparative examples 4-5 obtained data:
the materials used in examples 1-3 were the same, the overall process flow was the same, three different thickness gauge materials were used to make the form sizes, the materials used in examples 4-5 were the same, the overall process flow was the same, and two different thickness gauge materials were used to make the form sizes. The actual reduction agglomeration precious metal content of the comparative examples 1-3 and 4-5 can be found that the preparation is cuboid, the length is 800-2300mm, the width is 800-2300mm, the height is 100-300mm, in the practical test, the length and width of the cuboid in the flow preparation are influenced by the size of the reduction cavity of the equipment, the larger the size is, the higher the production efficiency is, no direct relation with the electromagnetic reduction effect is existed, the cuboid thickness is lower than 100mm in the test, the production cost is increased, the yield is influenced, the radiation coverage effect of electromagnetic waves is influenced by higher than 300mm, the reduction agglomeration can be realized by reducing the cuboid in the thickness range, the reduction effect of more than 98% can be realized by reducing the cuboid in the range, the materials can be completely and uniformly received by the electromagnetic waves, the better uniform separation of the materials can be realized, the optimal effect of electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration can only reach 70-80% of the reduction effect in the standard technical scheme beyond the thickness range. And in the process of shaping, the materials are placed on a cuboid stainless steel plate for shaping, the length of the stainless steel plate is 850-2350mm, the width of the stainless steel plate is 850-2350mm, and the height of the stainless steel plate is 10-20mm.
Furthermore, the reduction equipment 4, the automatic material conveying system 2 in the reduction cavity and the hot gas recovery system 3 are connected with the connecting end of the reduction equipment control system 1;
the automatic material conveying system 2 in the reduction cavity is used for carrying out linkage automatic conveying on the materials in the reduction equipment cavity;
the hot gas recovery system 3 is used for preventing dust and carbon dioxide from being discharged, recovering harmful valuable substances, effectively recovering various harmful valuable substances such as arsenic, sulfur and the like, realizing waste utilization, the hot gas recovery system 3 comprises a water atomization recovery device, one side of the water atomization recovery device is provided with an electromagnetic wave isolator, one side of the water atomization recovery device is connected with a tail gas air extractor unit, and the steam and dust generated in the production process are treated, discharged after meeting the national environmental protection requirements, and the tail gas air extractor unit is used for controlling the air extraction quantity, and the temperature, the humidity and the time in the cavity are controlled to complement each other to achieve the optimal reduction effect of mineral materials;
the reduction equipment 4 is used for separating nonmetal and metal in a certain range by heat energy generated by the material under the action of an electromagnetic field, precious rare metals in the material are reduced and agglomerated, an electromagnetic wave radiation high-temperature cavity is arranged on the reduction equipment 4 and is formed by welding 304 stainless steel, the electromagnetic wave radiation high-temperature cavity has no wave absorption, the electromagnetic wave is ensured not to overflow, a lining of the electromagnetic wave radiation high-temperature cavity adopts a high-purity ceramic fiber plate lining with the thickness of 100mm, the ceramic fiber plate lining is not deformed, not worn and resistant to acid and alkali oxidation, the service life of the lining of the cavity is prolonged, the ceramic fiber plate has special wave transmission performance, the penetrability of electromagnetic waves is not hindered, the outer layer of the electromagnetic wave radiation high-temperature cavity is an outer heat preservation cold surface made of a ceramic fiber plate, the temperature of an engine body shell is ensured not to exceed 50 ℃, the safe production is ensured, the two ends of the electromagnetic wave radiation high-temperature cavity are provided with a feeding and discharging sealing door and a door body fastening lock, the sealing door is tightly closed in the production process to prevent gas and electromagnetic waves from leaking, feeding and discharging are started for use, a temperature measurement and control probe is arranged in the electromagnetic wave radiation high-temperature cavity, an electromagnetic wave excitation cavity is arranged at the top of the electromagnetic wave radiation high-temperature cavity, the electromagnetic wave excitation cavity is made of pure aluminum materials with the thickness of 8mm, the size of each electromagnetic wave excitation cavity is set to be 60mm long, 115mm wide and 120mm deep, an electromagnetic wave source emitter is butted on the electromagnetic wave excitation cavity, the electromagnetic wave source emitter can achieve ideal reduction effect according to the power wavelength, the area of the wave-receiving mineral materials, the time required for heating and the number required for design and installation, each electromagnetic wave source emitter is arranged in parallel and is connected with a cooling water circulation system, one end of the electromagnetic wave source emitter is connected with an electromagnetic wave source starter with the power of 1100W, the end part of the electromagnetic wave source starter is connected with the cooling water circulation system, the cooling effect is achieved.
The reduction equipment control system 1 is used for controlling the whole, and can set the optimal specific conditions of reduction time, temperature, exhaust air quantity and constant temperature time, and the reduction equipment control system 1 comprises a total program control cabinet, wherein a power switch button, an emergency stop button, a PLC touch screen full-automatic program control display screen and a plurality of ports are arranged in the total program control cabinet
Further, the ports are connected with a corresponding port of the temperature measurement and control probe, a corresponding port of the electromagnetic wave source starter, a corresponding port of a motor on the water atomization treatment device and a motor line source of the tail gas air extractor unit through wires;
when the device is used, grinding of different granularity is carried out according to different materials, then the materials are stirred and added with water, the stainless steel plate is subjected to manufacturing, a quadrilateral stainless steel frame is sleeved after forming, an automatic feeding system outside the reduction equipment body and an automatic material conveying system 2 in the reduction cavity are used for automatically feeding the reduction equipment 4 in a linkage manner, the reduction equipment control system 1 is used for carrying out reduction technical parameter setting, electromagnetic waves are generated by the reduction equipment 4 for carrying out electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration on the materials, and the hot gas recovery system 3 is used for preventing dust and carbon dioxide emission, so that various harmful and valuable substances such as arsenic, sulfur and the like are effectively recovered, waste utilization is achieved, and the device meets the revolutionary and innovative strategic requirements of national environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction, high-tech research and development, and the device has the characteristics of less investment, simplicity in operation, high degree of automation, large-scale production, low cost, high benefit and the like.
According to the invention, the precise time and temperature control of various substances in the reduction and agglomeration of materials is realized, the emission of dust and carbon dioxide is prevented and harmful valuable substances are recovered through the hot gas recovery system (3), the problems of better reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metals in the materials are solved, and the heat energy loss and electromagnetic wave leakage are prevented by a fully-closed technology in the production process; the energy-saving environment-friendly energy-saving heating device has the advantages of energy conservation, environment friendliness, high efficiency and low cost, and is incomparable with other coal, electric and gas heating devices.
And all that is not described in detail in this specification is well known to those skilled in the art.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble and rare metal elements is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
step one, grinding: determining granularity according to the materials;
step two, stirring and adding water: adding water according to the materials and the water content;
step three, manufacturing mechanism type: determining shape size, pressure and density according to the material;
step four, placing a stainless steel frame: after the material is shaped and shifted, sleeving a quadrilateral stainless steel frame;
step five, the reduction equipment (4) is fed in linkage with the automatic material conveying system (2) in the reduction cavity through an automatic external feeding system of the reduction equipment;
step six, closing the door, and setting the technical parameters of the reduction equipment: starting a reduction equipment control system (1), preventing dust and carbon dioxide from being discharged and recovering harmful valuable substances through a hot gas recovery system (3), and setting reduction technical parameters to finish separating and reducing precious and rare metals in agglomerated materials;
and seventhly, opening the bin, and automatically discharging in a linkage way.
2. The process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble metal elements according to claim 1, wherein: the granularity of the milled powder in the first step is set to be 200-600 meshes.
3. The process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble metal elements according to claim 1, wherein: the water adding range in the second step is set to 8% -20%.
4. The process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble metal elements according to claim 1, wherein: the molding density (ρ) in the third step is set to be 1.2-3 tons/cubic meter, the molding is cuboid, the length is 800-2300mm, the width is 800-2300mm, the height is 100-300mm, the materials are placed on a cuboid stainless steel plate for molding in the molding process, the stainless steel plate is 850-2350mm long, the width is 850-2350mm, and the height is 10-20mm.
5. The process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble metal elements according to claim 1, wherein: the length, width and height of the stainless steel frame in the fourth step are 805-2305mm, the width is 805-2305mm, and the height is 100-300mm.
6. The process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble metal elements according to claim 1, wherein: the technical parameters set in the step six are that the reduction time is 50-180min and the reduction temperature is 500-1500 ℃.
7. The process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble metal elements according to claim 1, wherein: in the sixth step, the ionic metal is reduced into the simple substance metal through electromagnetic waves.
8. The process for electromagnetic separation reduction and agglomeration of noble metal elements according to claim 1, wherein: in the sixth step, nanoscale metals are directly agglomerated through electromagnetic waves to form charged metal clusters.
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| JP2004137559A (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-05-13 | Nikkiso Co Ltd | Precious metal recovery method |
| CN102441553A (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-05-09 | 深圳市格林美高新技术股份有限公司 | Method and device for recovering precious metals from precious metal electronic scraps |
| CN102925700A (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-02-13 | 荣杨 | Method for recovering precious metal from electronic waste |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004137559A (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-05-13 | Nikkiso Co Ltd | Precious metal recovery method |
| CN102441553A (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-05-09 | 深圳市格林美高新技术股份有限公司 | Method and device for recovering precious metals from precious metal electronic scraps |
| CN102925700A (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-02-13 | 荣杨 | Method for recovering precious metal from electronic waste |
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