CN111548902A - Microorganism detection system and method - Google Patents
Microorganism detection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111548902A CN111548902A CN202010263375.2A CN202010263375A CN111548902A CN 111548902 A CN111548902 A CN 111548902A CN 202010263375 A CN202010263375 A CN 202010263375A CN 111548902 A CN111548902 A CN 111548902A
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Abstract
The present application discloses a microbial detection system and method, the system comprising: the detection unit is used for collecting optical signals of microorganisms and converting the optical signals into electric signals; the signal processing unit is used for carrying out signal processing on the electric signals to obtain digital signals; the control unit comprises a data processing module, a processor and a storage module; the data processing module is used for calculating the content of the microorganisms by combining the digital signals according to the calculation parameters which are called by the processor from the storage module and are stored in advance. According to the method and the device, the pre-stored calculation parameters are called through the data processing module, and the content of the microorganism is calculated by combining the digital signals of the microorganism, so that when different microorganisms are measured, a measuring device does not need to be replaced, the microorganism measuring process is simplified, and the accuracy of the measuring result is improved. The method and the device can be widely applied to the technical field of detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection, in particular to a microorganism detection system and a microorganism detection method.
Background
The microbial luminescence detection is to calculate the relative value of the measured microbial luminescence to achieve the purpose of measuring the content of the microbes. The existing microbial luminescence detection device mainly comprises a handheld device and a desktop device, wherein the handheld measurement has a smaller range relative to a light unit and lower sensitivity; the desktop is relatively sensitive but bulky. Although the above-described two luminescence detection devices each have advantages and disadvantages, the existing luminescence detection devices have one common disadvantage: the same measuring device is generally used for measuring the number of microorganisms contained in the same type of test sample, and when the microorganism content in different samples needs to be measured, a plurality of measuring devices need to be used for measurement respectively, so that the measuring process is relatively troublesome.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above technical problems, the present invention aims to: a microorganism detection system and method are provided which can simplify the microorganism measurement process and improve the accuracy of the measurement results.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a microbial detection system, comprising:
the detection unit is used for collecting optical signals of microorganisms and converting the optical signals into electric signals;
the signal processing unit is used for carrying out signal processing on the electric signals to obtain digital signals;
the control unit comprises a data processing module, a processor and a storage module; the data processing module is used for calculating the content of the microorganisms by combining the digital signals according to the calculation parameters which are called by the processor from the storage module and are stored in advance.
Further, the detecting unit comprises a shell and a photomultiplier, a cavity is arranged in the shell and serves as a detecting chamber, an isolating light door is arranged between the detecting chamber and the photomultiplier, and the photomultiplier is used for converting optical signals of microorganisms into electric signals.
Further, the signal processing unit comprises a signal amplifying module, a signal filtering module and an analog-to-digital conversion module; the signal amplification module is used for carrying out signal amplification on the electric signals output by the photomultiplier; the signal filtering module is used for screening out electric signals which meet preset requirements in the electric signals after the signals are amplified; the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the electric signal meeting the preset requirement into a digital signal.
Further, the casing includes casing and lower casing, it is equipped with first tongue and groove to go up the casing, the casing be equipped with down with the second tongue and groove that first tongue and groove matches.
Further, a light absorption material is sprayed on the inner side of the shell.
Further, be equipped with the test tube place the platform in the detection room, be equipped with the snoot on the test tube place the platform.
Further, the control unit further comprises a driving module, and the driving module is used for controlling the working state of the photomultiplier.
Further, the control unit further comprises a wireless communication module and a display module, and the processor is connected with the display module through the wireless communication module.
Further, the processor is also used for saving the calculation result of the content of the microorganism to the storage module.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method of detecting a microorganism, comprising the steps of:
receiving a digital signal sent by a signal processing unit, wherein the digital signal is obtained by performing analog-to-digital conversion according to an electric signal output by a detection unit, and the electric signal is an electric signal obtained by detecting a light signal generated by a microorganism by a photomultiplier;
calling a pre-stored calculation parameter;
and calculating the content of the microorganisms according to the digital signals and the calculation parameters.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the detection unit is used for collecting optical signals of microorganisms and converting the optical signals into electric signals, the processing unit is used for processing the electric signals to generate digital signals, the control unit is used for calling the pre-stored calculation parameters, and the content of the microorganisms is calculated by combining the digital signals output by the signal processing unit, so that when different microorganisms are measured, a measuring device does not need to be replaced, the microorganism measuring process is simplified, and meanwhile, the accuracy of the measuring result can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the elements of a microbiological detection system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a microorganism detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for detecting microorganisms according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments. The step numbers in the following embodiments are provided only for convenience of illustration, the order between the steps is not limited at all, and the execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adapted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a microorganism detection system, including:
the detection unit is used for collecting optical signals of microorganisms and converting the optical signals into electric signals; the optical signal of the microorganism refers to a fluorescence signal generated by the microorganism in the sample to be detected, and specifically, the fluorescence signal may be a signal generated by the self-luminescence of the microorganism, or may be an optical signal generated by a matching reagent. The conversion process of the optical signal and the electric signal is directly converted in a photomultiplier in the detection unit. After the photomultiplier detects the optical signal, the photomultiplier directly outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the optical signal.
The signal processing unit is used for carrying out signal processing on the electric signals to obtain digital signals; the signal processing process comprises signal amplification, signal filtering and analog-to-digital conversion. The signal that the signal processing unit outputs finally is a digital signal.
The control unit comprises a data processing module, a processor and a storage module; the data processing module is used for calling pre-stored calculation parameters from the storage module according to the difference of the light emission amounts of the corresponding individuals of different microorganisms through the processor, and calculating the content of the microorganisms in the current tested sample by combining the digital signals. Because the storage module is internally stored with the microorganism content calculation formula, the size of the calculation parameter in the content calculation formula corresponds to the type of the tested sample, and different types of the tested sample correspond to different calculation parameters, the calculation parameter in the embodiment can be obtained by calling according to the type of the tested sample selected in the human-computer interaction module in advance. And the control unit is also used for comparing the number of the microorganisms obtained by calculation with various data in the storage module to obtain the types of the microorganisms in the current test sample. The plurality of data may include a pre-stored mapping between sample types, sample volumes, calculated parameters, and predetermined microorganism types.
The light signal of microorganism is gathered and will through detecting element to this embodiment the light signal converts the signal of telecommunication into, and is right through the processing unit after that the signal processing is carried out to the signal of telecommunication and is generated digital signal, then calls the calculation parameter of prestoring through the control unit to combine the digital signal of signal processing unit output to calculate the content of microorganism, when making the different microorganism of measurement, need not to change measuring device, simplify the microorganism measurement process, can also improve measuring result's rate of accuracy simultaneously.
As an optional implementation manner, the signal processing unit includes a signal amplifying module, a signal filtering module and an analog-to-digital conversion module; the signal amplification module is used for carrying out signal amplification on the electric signals output by the photomultiplier; the signal filtering module is used for screening out electric signals which meet preset requirements in the electric signals after the signals are amplified; the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the electric signal meeting the preset requirement into a digital signal. In particular, the signal amplification module may be replaced with a specific amplifier. Because the electrical signal output by the detection unit is weak, the subsequent module circuit cannot directly identify the complete electrical signal, and therefore, the electrical signal output by the detection unit can be amplified through the signal amplification module, so that the signal filtering module can receive the complete signal. The signal filtering module may be replaced with a filter. The preset requirement in this embodiment means that the magnitude of the electrical signal is within a specified range, for example, the magnitude of the electrical signal is in a range of 3V to 5V. After the signal filtering module is adopted to filter the electric signals, the obtained electric signals meet the preset requirements. In order to effectively calculate the content of the microorganisms, the electric signal needs to be converted into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital conversion module so as to facilitate the statistical calculation of the control unit.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the detection unit includes a housing and a photomultiplier 220, a hollow body is provided in the housing as a detection chamber 240, and an isolation light gate 230 is provided between the detection chamber 240 and the photomultiplier 220. The photomultiplier tube 220 is used to convert the fluorescence signal generated by the microorganisms into an electrical signal. The working state of the isolation light gate 230 can be controlled by the processor, and the control command can be that the processor controls according to the working state of the photomultiplier 220, or that the processor controls according to the instruction input by the display module. Specifically, the isolation light gate 230 can shield the photomultiplier tube 220 from light when the object to be measured is replaced, and can open or block the light intensity signal from the measuring chamber through the isolation light gate 230 when the relative value of the background light intensity is measured. The isolation lightgate 230 may be a sensor lightgate module.
The present embodiment avoids the influence of external light on the detection result by disposing the detection chamber 240 inside the housing.
In some embodiments, the housing includes an upper housing 211 and a lower housing 212, the upper housing 211 and the lower housing 212 are tightly fitted with each other to provide a satisfactory detection environment for the internal detection chamber, and during the operation, if the upper housing 211 and the lower housing 212 are linearly combined, a slightly loose condition exists between the upper housing 211 and the lower housing 212, and an external light source can enter the detection chamber 240, thereby affecting the detection result. Thus, in some alternative embodiments, the upper housing 211 is provided with a first keyway 2111 and the lower housing 212 is provided with a second keyway 2121 that mates with the first keyway 2111. Through the concave-convex grooves which are matched with each other and arranged on the upper shell 211 and the lower shell 212, even if the upper shell 211 and the lower shell 212 are not tightly combined, the concave-convex grooves can change the path of an external light source, and therefore the intensity of the light source reaching the detection room is effectively reduced.
In addition, in some optional embodiments, the light absorbing material is sprayed on the inner side of the housing, so that even if a small amount of light enters the detection chamber 240, the light absorbing material on the inner side of the housing further reduces the influence of the external light source on the test process, thereby further improving the accuracy of the test result.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a detection tube placing platform 250 is disposed in the detection chamber 240, and a light-gathering cover 260 is disposed on the detection tube placing platform 250. The test tube placing platform 250 is used for placing a test tube filled with a sample to be tested. Because the luminous intensity of the microorganisms in the test sample is weak in the detection process, the detection tube containing the sample to be tested is wrapped by the arranged light-gathering shade 260, so that optical signals sent by the microorganisms can be gathered together for collection.
As an optional implementation manner, the control unit further includes a driving module, and the driving module is configured to control an operating state of the photomultiplier. The driving module is communicated with the processor, and adjusts the working state of the photoelectric multiplying light according to the control signal sent by the processor.
As an optional implementation manner, as shown in fig. 1, the control unit further includes a wireless communication module and a display module, and the processor is connected to the display module through the wireless communication module. The wireless communication module can be a WiFi module or a 4G/5G network. The display module can be an external computer terminal or a display device carried by the instrument.
As an alternative embodiment, the processor is further configured to save the calculation result of the content of the microorganism to the storage module. In the process of storage, the current measuring time, the number of a measuring person, the name of the microorganism and the like are stored in the storage module together, so that a subsequent testing person can call the data in the storage module through the terminal equipment for further deep analysis.
In addition, the actual devices or functional modules of the signal processing unit and the control unit can be arranged in the shell, so that the system of the embodiment is an integral device, and is convenient for a tester to use.
Referring to fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a microorganism detection method, and the embodiment is applied to the control unit of the above system embodiment. The embodiment specifically includes steps S310 to 330:
s310, receiving a digital signal sent by the signal processing unit, wherein the digital signal is obtained by performing analog-to-digital conversion according to an electric signal output by the detection unit, and the electric signal is an electric signal obtained by detecting a fluorescence signal generated by a microorganism through a photomultiplier. The optical signal of the microorganism refers to a fluorescence signal generated by the microorganism in the sample to be detected, and can be a signal generated by the self luminescence of the microorganism or an optical signal generated by a matching reagent.
S320, calling prestored calculation parameters; the calculation parameters are stored in a designated storage module. In the storage module, a microorganism content calculation formula is also stored, the size of the calculation parameter in the content calculation formula corresponds to the type of the tested sample, and different calculation parameters correspond to different types of the tested sample. After the corresponding calculation parameters are called, step S330 is performed.
S330, calculating the content of the microorganisms according to the digital signals and the calculation parameters.
In the embodiment, the corresponding calculation parameters are called, so that when the calculation result is correct, a tester does not need to replace the testing device according to the type of the microorganism.
In addition, the embodiment can also compare the calculated number of the microorganisms with various data in the storage module to obtain the types of the microorganisms in the current test sample. The plurality of data may include a pre-stored mapping between sample types, sample volumes, calculated parameters, and predetermined microorganism types.
In some alternative embodiments, the pushing process of the calculation formula of the above embodiments includes:
assuming that the relative value of the microbial count is a Ccfu. Wherein a is a constant, and has different values according to biological characteristics of different microorganisms or different specific microorganism mixtures, and the same value for the same microorganism or specific microorganism mixture.
The relative unit value of the light emitted by the measured microorganisms is b × IrluAnd b is a constant, corresponds to different testers, has different parameters such as sensitivity and the like of relative measurement, and has basically the same value when the parameters of the driving module of the photomultiplier of the same tester are unchanged.
Therefore, there is a metric equation 1:
lg(a*Ccfu)＝k*lg(b*Irlu) + c formula 1
When measured using the same equipment, equation 1 can be expressed as equation 2:
lg(a*Ccfu)＝k*lg(Irlu) + c formula 2
Further simplification of equation 2 yields equation 3:
lg(Ccfu)＝k*lg(Irlu) + j formula 3
Wherein j is a constant.
Therefore, equation 4 can be derived from equation 3:
Ccfu＝10k*lg(Irlu) + j formula 4
The formula 4 is a calculation formula of the current microorganism content.
When different microbial samples to be tested or samples containing different microbial concentrations are measured, the effect of modifying the measurement parameters of the photomultiplier can be achieved by arranging the driving module of the photomultiplier, so that the corresponding test requirements can be adapted. For the same kind of microorganism but with larger content difference, the embodiment automatically adjusts the driving module to the set parameters according to the relative light unit value of the initial measurement, and performs the corresponding test again to achieve the best counting effect.
Thus, prior to actual testing, the present practice requires a given amount of C for a particular microorganismcfuFor relative value of luminescence IrluAnd (3) carrying out multiple groups of data measurement, and substituting each group of measured data into formula 3 to obtain the value of the constant k, j. Meanwhile, if the parameters of the photomultiplier tube driving circuit are modified when the parameters are set, the corresponding parameter value n is also recorded; if no parameter is set, calling a default drive circuit parameter during measurement, wherein n is 0, and finally, uniformly storing three constants of k, j and n and the name code of the measured microorganism into a storage module, so that the parameters can be conveniently called in the subsequent use process.
For each microorganism or each specific microorganism mixture, if the type of the microorganism or the mixture is determined before the test is performed by using the embodiment, the selected determined constant of the count equation can be called and transmitted to the data processing module through the control panel when the measurement is performed, and the data processing module only needs to acquire the data from the signal processing unit when the measurement is performed, namely, the relative light-emitting value IrluObtaining the relative microorganism content C of the current measured objectcfuThereby realizing the measurement of the microbial content by the microbial luminescent detection system.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A microbial detection system, comprising:
the detection unit is used for collecting optical signals of microorganisms and converting the optical signals into electric signals;
the signal processing unit is used for carrying out signal processing on the electric signals to obtain digital signals;
the control unit comprises a data processing module, a processor and a storage module; the data processing module is used for calculating the content of the microorganisms by combining the digital signals according to the calculation parameters which are called by the processor from the storage module and are stored in advance.
2. The microorganism detection system according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit comprises a housing and a photomultiplier, a cavity is arranged in the housing to serve as a detection chamber, an isolation light gate is arranged between the detection chamber and the photomultiplier, and the photomultiplier is used for converting an optical signal of the microorganism into an electrical signal.
3. The microorganism detection system of claim 2, wherein the signal processing unit comprises a signal amplification module, a signal filtering module and an analog-to-digital conversion module; the signal amplification module is used for carrying out signal amplification on the electric signals output by the photomultiplier; the signal filtering module is used for screening out electric signals which meet preset requirements in the electric signals after the signals are amplified; the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the electric signal meeting the preset requirement into a digital signal.
4. A microbial detection system according to claim 2, wherein the housing comprises an upper housing provided with a first keyway and a lower housing provided with a second keyway matching the first keyway.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the housing is coated with a light absorbing material.
6. The system of claim 2, wherein a platform for placing a detection tube is disposed in the detection chamber, and a light-gathering cover is disposed on the platform for placing the detection tube.
7. The system of claim 2, wherein the control unit further comprises a driving module for controlling the operation of the photomultiplier tube.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the control unit further comprises a wireless communication module and a display module, and the processor is connected to the display module through the wireless communication module.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to save the calculated amount of the microorganism to the memory module.
10. A method for detecting a microorganism, comprising the steps of:
receiving a digital signal sent by a signal processing unit, wherein the digital signal is obtained by performing analog-to-digital conversion according to an electric signal output by a detection unit, and the electric signal is an electric signal obtained by detecting a light signal generated by a microorganism by a photomultiplier;
calling a pre-stored calculation parameter;
and calculating the content of the microorganisms according to the digital signals and the calculation parameters.
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