CN111548138B - Firing method of low-temperature fast-firing glazed tile and low-temperature fast-firing glazed tile - Google Patents

Firing method of low-temperature fast-firing glazed tile and low-temperature fast-firing glazed tile Download PDF

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CN111548138B
CN111548138B CN202010342890.XA CN202010342890A CN111548138B CN 111548138 B CN111548138 B CN 111548138B CN 202010342890 A CN202010342890 A CN 202010342890A CN 111548138 B CN111548138 B CN 111548138B
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parts
firing
temperature
low
glazed tile
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CN111548138A (en
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母军
梁广波
赖振煌
魏麟凯
姜文炜
金杰
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Enping Xinjincheng Ceramics Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a firing method of a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, which comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing various raw materials, and then performing ball milling pulping, spray milling, pressing, drying and glazing to obtain a green body; (2) firing the green body according to a preset firing curve to obtain a finished product of the low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile; wherein the preset firing curve comprises the steps of firstly heating to 1150 ℃, then cooling to 900-1100 ℃, then heating to the firing temperature, preserving heat for a preset time, and then cooling to 80-300 ℃. Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile which is fired by adopting the firing method. The invention adopts a sintering method of firstly heating, then cooling, then heating, heat preservation and cooling, so that the growth time of the main mineral phase-mullite is prolonged; thereby improving the strength of the product and shortening the sintering time. Meanwhile, the sintering method of the invention can also effectively reduce the probability of occurrence of the return phenomenon.

Description

Firing method of low-temperature fast-firing glazed tile and low-temperature fast-firing glazed tile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile and a firing method thereof.
Background
On one hand, in the existing ceramic tile firing field, a gradient firing curve, namely a process of gradually raising temperature, preserving heat and gradually lowering temperature, is adopted; this process is time consuming.
On the other hand, in the production process of traditional porcelain glazed tiles, such as archaized tiles, full-glazed tiles and the like, in order to ensure that products are not deformed and have high strength (modulus of rupture) and certain qualification rate, Al in a blank body is always required to be removed2O3The content is controlled to be 19-22%. In the finished low-temperature quick-fired glazed tile, Al2O3In the form of mullite and glass phase; wherein, the mullite phase can improve the strength; and maintaining the balance of the glass phase and the mullite phase can effectively eliminate stress and control the deformation of the fired ceramic tile.
In the conventional ceramic raw material，Al2O3The sources of (A) are in three categories: the first kind is clay raw material, such as kaolin, bentonite, black mud, white mud, washing soil and the like; the second kind is flux raw materials, such as potassium feldspar, albite and various sand materials; the third type is some high-alumina type raw materials, such as bauxite, mullite, alumina and the like. In order to maintain Al in the low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile blank2O3The content is between 19 and 22 percent, bauxite needs to be added or a large amount of clay raw materials (accounting for 25 to 40 percent) needs to be adopted; however, bauxite can greatly increase the sintering temperature and prolong the sintering time; in addition, because of gradual exhaustion of high-quality kaolin raw materials and gradual implementation of ecological environmental protection policies in China, high-quality high-alumina-content raw materials such as kaolin black mud are increasingly scarce. The clay raw material is supplied in a smaller and smaller amount under the background of national environmental protection policy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to consider the reduction of Al in low-temperature fast-fired glazed tiles2O3And (4) content.
However, when Al is reduced2O3After the content is increased, the mullite content in the green body is correspondingly reduced, so that the stress accumulation in the firing process is large, and the deformation is easy to occur; in particular, after the green sheet is left for 15 days after firing, the green sheet is very likely to be deformed (reversion). At the same time, Al is reduced2O3After the content, the strength of the fired product is reduced; in addition, the suitability of the glaze is reduced, and edge cracking is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a firing method of a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, which has short firing period and low firing energy consumption.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile which has high strength and small deformation.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a firing method of a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, comprising:
(1) uniformly mixing various raw materials, and then performing ball milling pulping, spray milling, pressing, drying and glazing to obtain a green body;
(2) firing the green body according to a preset firing curve to obtain a finished product of the low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile;
wherein the preset firing curve is as follows:
heating the mixture from room temperature to 1150 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 160-200 ℃/min;
cooling from 1150 ℃ to T1The cooling rate is 6-10 ℃/min;
from T1Heating to the firing temperature, wherein the heating rate is 40-80 ℃/min;
keeping the temperature at the firing temperature for 5-15 min;
cooling from sintering temperature to T2The cooling rate is 90-150 ℃/min;
wherein, T is1900-1100 ℃, the firing temperature is 1150-1170 ℃, and T2Is 80 to 300 ℃.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the preset firing curve is:
heating the mixture from room temperature to 1150 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 160-180 ℃/min;
cooling from 1150 ℃ to T1The cooling rate is 8-10 ℃/min;
from T1Heating to a sintering temperature, wherein the heating rate is 50-70 ℃/min;
keeping the temperature at the firing temperature for 8-12 min;
cooling from sintering temperature to T2The cooling rate is 100-130 ℃/min;
wherein, T is11000-1100 ℃, the firing temperature is 1160-1170 ℃, and T2Is 100 to 250 ℃.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (1), various raw materials are uniformly mixed according to a formula; the formula mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
8-12 parts of sodalite powder, 35-42 parts of potassium-sodalite powder, 2-5 parts of high-temperature sand, 10-15 parts of medium-temperature sand, 0.1-5 parts of additive, 3-8 parts of black mud, 7-12 parts of kaolin, 12-17 parts of washing mud and 2-4 parts of talc; the sum of the weight parts of the raw materials is 100 parts.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the formula mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
9-10 parts of sodalite powder, 36-40 parts of potassium-sodalite powder, 3-5 parts of high-temperature sand, 13-15 parts of medium-temperature sand, 2-5 parts of additives, 4-6 parts of black mud, 8-10 parts of kaolin, 12-15 parts of washing mud and 2.5-4 parts of talc; the sum of the weight parts of the raw materials is 100 parts.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the formula further comprises 0.1-1 part of a reinforcing agent and 0.1-1 part of a debonding agent.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the additive comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:
SiO2 73～76％，Al2O3 17～20％，Fe2O3 0.05～0.15％，TiO2 0.1～0.2％，CaO 0.1～0.2％，MgO 0.1～0.2％，K2O 1.5～2.0％，Na2O 0.3～0.5％，LOI 3.5～4.0％。
as an improvement of the technical scheme, the additive comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:
SiO2 74～76％，Al2O3 18～20％，Fe2O3 0.05～0.1％，TiO2 0.1～0.2％，CaO 0.1～0.2％，MgO 0.1～0.2％，K2O 1.8～2.0％，Na2O 0.3～0.5％，LOI 3.5～4.0％。
as an improvement of the technical proposal, Al in the green body2O3The content is 15-18 wt%, and the loss on ignition is 2-4 wt%.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the dispergator is sodium tripolyphosphate, and the reinforcing agent is PVA.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, which is fired by adopting the firing method of the low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts a sintering method of firstly heating, then cooling, then heating, heat preservation and cooling, so that the growth time of the main mineral phase-mullite is prolonged; thereby improving the strength of the product and shortening the sintering time. In the invention, the firing period is 30-40 minutes, and the firing period of the conventional low-temperature quick-fired glazed tile is 50-80 minutes.
2. According to the invention, a high amount of talc is introduced into the formula, and a traditional Na-K-Al-Si system phase diagram is converted into a Na-K-Al-Si-Mg system phase diagram; simultaneously, the invention also introduces an additive, the additive and the sintering curve can be effectively matched, the precipitation of mullite phase is promoted, the heat stress accumulation in the sintering process is reduced, and the problem of Al2O3The strength is reduced and the reversion is increased due to the reduction of the content.
3. In the formula, the content of the scarce mud raw materials (black mud and washing mud) is 10-20 parts; is lower than 25-40% of the existing low-temperature quick-fired glazed tile; the raw material cost is reduced.
4. In the formula, the loss on ignition is 3.5-4%, and the method is suitable for quick firing, greatly shortens the firing period and improves the yield. The overall firing period of the low-aluminum high-silicon high-strength non-deformation glazed tile is 30-40 min. In addition, the aluminum oxide content is low, the method is suitable for low-temperature sintering, and the sintering energy consumption is reduced. Specifically, the sintering temperature in the invention is reduced from 1225 ℃ to 1150-1170 ℃ in the prior art, and the sintering energy consumption is saved by 10-20%. Specifically, the sintering temperature in the invention is reduced from 1225 ℃ to 1150-1170 ℃ in the prior art, and the sintering energy consumption is saved by 10-20%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a firing method for a low-temperature fast-firing glazed tile of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a firing method of a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, comprising the steps of:
s1: uniformly mixing various raw materials, and then performing ball milling pulping, spray milling, pressing, drying and glazing to obtain a green body;
s2: firing the green body according to a preset firing curve to obtain a finished product of the low-temperature quick-firing glazed tile;
wherein the preset firing curve is as follows:
heating the mixture from room temperature to 1150 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 160-200 ℃/min;
cooling from 1150 ℃ to T1The cooling rate is 6-10 ℃/min;
from T1Heating to the firing temperature, wherein the heating rate is 40-80 ℃/min;
keeping the temperature at the firing temperature for 5-15 min;
cooling from sintering temperature to T2The cooling rate is 90-150 ℃/min;
wherein, the T is1900-1100 ℃, the firing temperature is 1150-1170 ℃, and T2Is 80 to 300 ℃.
Based on the sintering method of the embodiment, the sintering method of firstly heating, then cooling, then heating, preserving heat and finally cooling is adopted, so that the retention time of the green body within 900-1150 ℃ can be effectively prolonged, and mullite grains are fully precipitated. Particularly, a temperature reduction method is adopted within 1150-900 ℃, so that the size of mullite grains is effectively controlled and is relatively small. And then effectively promoted intensity, reduced the thermal stress accumulation, reduced the later stage rate of return.
In addition, when the sintering method is adopted, the heating rate and the cooling rate can be effectively improved, so that the whole sintering period is shortened; in the invention, the firing period is 30-40 minutes; the firing period of the ordinary low-temperature quick-firing glazed tile needs 50-80 minutes.
In an alternative embodiment, the step S1 includes:
s11: uniformly mixing various raw materials according to a formula to obtain a mixture;
s12: ball milling and pulping the mixture, and spraying and pulverizing to obtain powder;
in an alternative embodiment, the formula in S11 mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
9-10 parts of sodalite powder, 36-40 parts of potassium-sodalite powder, 3-5 parts of high-temperature sand, 13-15 parts of medium-temperature sand, 2-5 parts of additives, 4-6 parts of black mud, 8-10 parts of kaolin, 12-15 parts of washing mud and 2.5-4 parts of talc; the sum of the weight parts of the raw materials is 100 parts.
Based on the formula, Al in the green body2O315-19 wt%, 2.5-4% of MgO and 3-4% of loss on ignition. On one hand, the traditional Na-K-Al-Si system phase diagram is converted into the Na-K-Al-Si-Mg system phase diagram, the components of the high-temperature solid solution are changed, and the alumina in the blank is quickly dissolved into the high-temperature solid solution, so that on the contact surface of the alumina and the molten liquid, the free silica is combined with the alumina to react to form mullite, and the precipitation of the mullite is promoted; in addition, the mullite formed by the reaction is mostly secondary mullite, and the length of the mullite column is longer, so that the problem of Al is solved2O3The strength is reduced, the deformation is increased, and the reversion is increased due to the reduction of the content, so that the qualification rate is improved. On the other hand, the above-mentioned transformation of the phase diagram allows the formulation to be well matched with the firing curve.
In addition, after the phase diagram system is converted, the expansion coefficient of the blank is also changed in a large range; therefore, the invention also introduces an additive which can be combined with the talc and other raw materials to adjust the expansion coefficient of the green body, reduce the stress accumulation in the firing process and prevent the reversion. In addition, the additive can also act synergistically with the talc to promote the precipitation of secondary mullite in a Na-K-Al-Si phase diagram.
Furthermore, in the formula, the content of mud raw materials (washed mud and black mud) is low, and the raw material cost of the low-temperature quick-fired glazed tile is reduced.
Specifically, in the above formula, the main mineral phase of the albite powder is albite, and a small amount of quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase feldspar and the like are often doped (it is difficult to find pure mineral in nature). In the soda stone powder of the present invention, Na is contained2The content of O is 6-10 wt%. In the formula of the invention, the dosage of the sodium stone powder is 8-12 parts, and can be 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts and 12 parts by way of example; preferably, the using amount of the sodium stone powder is 9-10 parts.
Specifically, in the formula, the main mineral phases of the potassium-sodium stone powder are microcline feldspar and potassium feldspar, and quartz and sodium are often dopedFeldspar and other mineral phases. In the potassium-sodium stone powder of the invention, K24 to 10 wt% of O, and Na2The content of O is 2-5 wt%. In the formula of the invention, the dosage of the potassium-sodium stone powder is 35-42 parts, and can be 35 parts, 36 parts, 38 parts, 11 parts and 12 parts by way of example; preferably, the using amount of the potassium-sodium stone powder is 36-40 parts.
The main mineral phases of the high-temperature sand are quartz, kaolinite and mica, and some potassium feldspar, albite, plagioclase feldspar and the like can be doped. The mullite fiber mainly plays a role of aggregate, and a small amount of mullite can be separated out, so that the strength is improved. In the present invention, Al is contained in the high-temperature sand2O319-22% of K2O and Na2The sum of the contents of O is 0.1-3 wt%, and the high-temperature sand in the range can provide alumina and free silica when being fired, wherein the alumina can be dissolved in molten liquid, so that the free silica and the alumina dissolved in the molten liquid react to form secondary mullite.
The main mineral phase of the medium-temperature sand is basically the same as that of the high-temperature sand, but the contents of all the mineral phases are different, so that the chemical components of the medium-temperature sand are different from those of the high-temperature sand; al in medium-temperature sand2O317 to 20 wt.%, K2O and Na2The sum of the O content is 2-6 wt%; the method plays a more role in adjusting a high-temperature molten phase in the sintering process, and can also separate out a small amount of mullite.
Black mud is a major clay-based mineral, and more particularly, it belongs to ball clay-based clay; the main mineral phases of the mineral are kaolin, quartz, mica and some organic matters. According to the invention, the content of black mud is reduced to 3-8 parts, and the raw material cost is effectively reduced.
The washed mud is another main clay mineral, and is prepared by removing sand and organic matters from raw ore mud (black mud, white mud and the like) and then performing filter pressing. Wash mud is one of the main sources of mullite.
Kaolin is also a major clay mineral, which is usually associated with quartz, mica, in nature. Kaolin being Al2O3One of mullite sources. Specifically, in the present invention, Al is contained in kaolin2O3The content is 25 to 35 wt%.
Specifically, in the formula of the low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, the content of the talc is 2.5-4 parts; in the traditional formula, the content of the talc is generally below 1.5 percent, the talc content is increased, the phase diagram in the invention can be converted from the traditional Na-K-Al-Si system phase diagram into the Na-K-Al-Si-Mg system phase diagram, the components of the high-temperature solid solution are changed, the alumina in the blank is rapidly dissolved into the high-temperature solid solution, and therefore, on the contact surface of the alumina and the molten liquid, free silica is combined with the alumina to react to form mullite, and the precipitation of the mullite is promoted; in addition, the mullite formed by the reaction is mostly secondary mullite, and the length of the mullite column is longer, so that the problem of Al is solved2O3The content is reduced, the strength is reduced, the deformation is increased, and the return deformation is increased, so that the qualification rate is improved. Meanwhile, the talc can effectively adjust high-temperature molten phase components and reduce stress accumulation.
In addition, the formula of the invention also introduces an additive, and the chemical component of the additive is SiO2 73～76％，Al2O3 17～20％，Fe2O3 0.05～0.15％，TiO2 0.1～0.2％，CaO 0.1～0.2％，MgO 0.1～0.2％，K2O 1.5～2.0％，Na20.3-0.5% of O and 3.5-4.0% of LOI. The additive can act together with the formula and the firing curve, improve the expansion coefficient of the green body, improve the adaptability of the green body and the glaze, reduce the stress accumulation in the firing process and effectively prevent the reversion. In addition, the additive of the present invention can replace common high aluminum materials. Preferably, the chemical components of the additive are as follows: SiO 22 74～76％，Al2O3 18～20％，Fe2O3 0.05～0.1％，TiO2 0.1～0.2％，CaO 0.1～0.2％，MgO 0.1～0.2％，K2O 1.8～2.0％，Na2O 0.3～0.5％，LOI 3.5～4.0％。
In addition, the invention reduces Al by reducing the content of mud raw materials (washed mud and black mud)2O3The purpose of content. In order to compensate for the reduction of the strength of the mud raw materialThe problem is that 0.1-1 part of reinforcing agent and 0.1-1 part of dispergator are also introduced into the formula of the invention, which can improve the green strength and prevent drying cracking. Specifically, the dispergator is sodium tripolyphosphate, and the reinforcing agent is PVA.
S13: distributing the powder for the second time, pressing, drying and glazing to obtain a green body;
the invention changes the traditional primary cloth into the secondary cloth and changes the traditional single-layer green body structure into the double-layer green body structure, thereby being very beneficial to the discharge of volatile matters and improving the structure in the aspect of later improvement.
In an alternative embodiment, the firing profile in step S2 is:
(1) heating from room temperature to 1150 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 160-200 ℃/min;
the Loss On Ignition (LOI) of the formula of the invention is less than 4 percent, so that the invention can adopt a high temperature rise rate in the prior oxidation stage. Specifically, the heating rate is 160, 170, 185, 190, 200 ℃/min; preferably, the heating rate is 160-180 ℃/min;
(2) cooling to T from 1150 DEG C1The cooling rate is 6-10 ℃/min;
in particular, T1900 to 1100 ℃, preferably 1000 to 1100 ℃. The temperature reduction operation is adopted in the temperature range, so that the retention time in the range of 900-1150 ℃ can be prolonged, and the content of the mullite phase is improved.
Specifically, the cooling rate is 6-10 ℃/min; specifically, the cooling rate can be 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ℃/min; the preferable rate is 8-10 ℃/min; the cooling is carried out at the cooling rate, so that the refining of mullite grains can be promoted, and the mullite grains with smaller grain size are more favorable for promoting the strength to be improved, reducing the heat stress accumulation and reducing the reversion.
(3) From T1Heating to the firing temperature, wherein the heating rate is 40-80 ℃/min;
specifically, the firing temperature is 1150-1170 ℃; preferably 1160-1170 ℃; the formula of the low-temperature fast-firing glazed tile is lower in firing temperature and saves energy.
Specifically, the heating rate can be 40, 45, 55, 60, 75, 80 ℃/min; preferably, the heating rate is 50-70 ℃/min.
(4) Keeping the temperature at the firing temperature for 5-15 min;
(5) cooling to T from the sintering temperature2The cooling rate is 90-150 ℃/min;
wherein, T2Is 80 to 300 ℃. Preferably 100 to 250 ℃.
The present invention will be described with reference to specific examples.
Examples 1 to 3
The embodiment provides a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
10 parts of sodalite powder, 36 parts of potassium-sodalite powder, 3 parts of high-temperature sand, 12 parts of medium-temperature sand, 8 parts of black mud, 17 parts of washing mud, 4.5 parts of bauxite, 6 parts of kaolin and 3.5 parts of talc; 0.5 part of water glass and 0.6 part of sodium tripolyphosphate.
The firing method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the raw materials uniformly, and then performing ball milling pulping, spray milling, pressing, drying and glazing to obtain a green body;
(2) firing the green body according to a preset firing curve to obtain a finished product of the low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile;
the firing curve is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 EXAMPLES 1 TO 3 burn-in Curve tables
Figure BDA0002469111680000081
Examples 4 to 6
The present embodiment provides a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, whose blank formula is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 EXAMPLES 4-6 burn-in Curve Table
Figure BDA0002469111680000082
Figure BDA0002469111680000091
Wherein, the formulation of the embodiment 4 also comprises 0.6 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.5 part of water glass; the formulas of the embodiments 5 and 6 also comprise 0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.6 part of water glass;
wherein, the chemical components of the additive are as follows:
SiO2 75.8％，Al2O3 18.5％，Fe2O3 0.1％，TiO2 0.15％，CaO 0.1％，MgO 0.15％，K2O 1.6％，Na2O 0.4％，LOI 3.2％。
the firing method was the same as in example 2.
Example 7
This example provides a low-temperature quick-fired glazed tile having the same formulation as in example 5 and firing method as in example 2. The difference lies in the chemical composition of the additive.
Specifically, the chemical components of the additive are as follows:
SiO2 74.6％，Al2O3 19.1％，Fe2O3 0.1％，TiO2 0.1％，CaO 0.1％，MgO 0.1％，K2O 1.85％，Na2O 0.36％，LOI 3.62％。
comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, the formula of which is the same as that in example 2;
the firing curve is as follows:
the temperature rise rate is 55 ℃/min from room temperature to 900 ℃;
the temperature rise rate is 20 ℃/min from 900 ℃ to 1165 ℃;
keeping the temperature at 1165 ℃ for 14 min;
the temperature reduction rate is 90 ℃/min from 1165 to 200 ℃.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, the formula of which is the same as that in example 2;
the firing curve is basically the same as that of example 2; the difference lies in that: when the temperature is reduced to 1050 ℃ under 1150 ℃, the temperature reduction rate is 20 ℃/min.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, and the blank formula is as follows:
9 parts of sodalite powder, 42 parts of potassium-sodalite powder, 3.5 parts of high-temperature sand, 14 parts of medium-temperature sand, 4.5 parts of additive, 5 parts of black mud, 8 parts of kaolin, 12.5 parts of washing mud, 1.5 parts of talc, 0.5 part of dispergator and 0.8 part of reinforcing agent.
It differs from example 5 in that: the content of the talcum is less and is 1.5 parts; the content of the potassium-sodium stone powder is more than 42 parts. The rest is the same as example 5.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, and the blank formula is as follows:
9 parts of sodalite powder, 40 parts of potassium-sodalite powder, 3.5 parts of high-temperature sand, 14 parts of medium-temperature sand, 4.5 parts of bauxite, 5 parts of black mud, 8 parts of kaolin, 12.5 parts of washing mud, 3.5 parts of talc, 0.5 part of dispergator and 0.8 part of reinforcing agent.
It differs from example 5 in that: bauxite was used in place of the additive, and the rest was the same as in example 5.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example provides a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile, the blank formula of which is the same as that of example 5;
the firing method was the same as in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 6
The formula and the firing method of the blank of the low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile are the same as those in example 5. Except for the chemical composition of the additive. Specifically, the chemical components of the additive are as follows:
SiO2 82.5％，Al2O3 10.3％，Fe2O3 0.2％，TiO2 0.1％，CaO 0.1％，MgO 0.1％，K2O 2.2％，Na2O 3％，LOI 1.5％。
testing the low-temperature fast-fired glazed tiles of the examples 1 to 7 and the comparative examples 1 to 6; wherein, the modulus of rupture and the edge bending degree are detected according to the method in the standard GB/T3810-2016:
the test method of the return rate is as follows: storing 100 pieces of low-temperature fast-fired glazed tiles with the edge curvature of less than 0.3% into a warehouse; taking out after 15 days, and measuring the edge bending degree; if the change rate of the front and back side bending [ the bending degree after placing-the bending degree before placing ]/the bending degree before placing ] exceeds 20%, the curve is regarded as the reversion. Calculating the number of the reverse-transformed low-temperature fast-fired glazed tiles, and further calculating the reverse transformation rate which is the number of the reverse-transformed tiles/100
Specific data are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 test results table
Modulus of rupture/MPa Rate of return
Example 1 47.4 4％
Example 2 46.3 4％
Example 3 48.8 3％
Example 4 54.2 2％
Example 5 56.8 1％
Example 6 53.4 2％
Example 7 52.6 2％
Comparative example 1 36.2 10％
Comparative example 2 33.4 12％
Comparative example 3 35.6 10％
Comparative example 4 39.5 8％
Comparative example 5 40.7 14％
Comparative example 6 42.4 4％
As can be seen from Table 3, the low-temperature fast-fired glazed tiles of examples 1 to 7 of the present invention are significantly superior to those of comparative examples 1 to 6 in terms of modulus of rupture and rate of return. Therefore, the low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile fired by the firing method has excellent mechanical property and obviously reduced reversion rate.
As can be seen by comparing example 2 with comparative examples 1 and 2, the modulus of rupture of example 2 is significantly greater than that of comparative examples 1 and 2, and the probability of the reversion of example 2 is significantly less than that of comparative examples 1 and 2.
Comparative analysis of comparative examples 1-2 and example 2 shows that the effect of the present invention cannot be achieved by changing the firing curve of the present invention such that the temperature increase/decrease form and the temperature increase/decrease rate are out of the range of the present invention.
Comparative analysis of comparative examples 3-4 and example 5 shows that the talc and the additive have good synergistic effect with other raw materials; changing the addition of any one or the addition of other raw materials in the formula weakens the technical effects of improving the strength and reducing the reversion probability.
Comparative example 5 and example 5 show that the firing curve and the formula in the invention have good coordination, and the technical effects of improving strength and reducing reversion probability are weakened by changing any one of the firing curve and the formula.
As can be seen from the comparative analysis between comparative example 6 and example 5, the chemical components of the additive of the present invention also have a promoting effect on the technical effect of the present invention, and if the components are changed, the technical effects of increasing the strength and reducing the reversion probability of the present invention are also weakened.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A firing method of a low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing various raw materials according to a formula, and then performing ball milling pulping, spray milling, pressing, drying and glazing to obtain a green body;
the formula mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
8-12 parts of sodalite powder, 35-42 parts of potassium-sodalite powder, 2-5 parts of high-temperature sand, 10-15 parts of medium-temperature sand, 0.1-5 parts of additive, 3-8 parts of black mud, 7-12 parts of kaolin, 12-17 parts of washing mud and 2-4 parts of talc; the sum of the weight parts of the raw materials is 100 parts;
the additive comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:
SiO2 73~76%，Al2O3 17~20%，Fe2O3 0.05~0.15%，TiO2 0.1~0.2%，CaO 0.1~0.2%，MgO 0.1~0.2%，K2O 1.5~2.0%，Na2O 0.3~0.5%，LOI 3.5~4.0%；
al in the green body2O3The content is 15-18 wt%, and the ignition loss is 2-4 wt%;
(2) firing the green body according to a preset firing curve to obtain a finished product of the low-temperature fast-fired glazed tile;
wherein the preset firing curve is as follows:
heating from room temperature to 1150 ℃, wherein the heating rate is 160-180 ℃/min;
cooling from 1150 ℃ to T1The cooling rate is 8-10 ℃/min;
from T1Heating to a sintering temperature, wherein the heating rate is 50-70 ℃/min;
keeping the temperature at the firing temperature for 8-12 min;
cooling from sintering temperature to T2The cooling rate is 100-130 ℃/min;
wherein, T is11000-1100 ℃, the firing temperature is 1160-1170 ℃, and T2Is 100 to 250 ℃.
2. The firing method of the low-temperature fast-firing glazed tile according to claim 1, wherein the formulation mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
9-10 parts of sodalite powder, 36-40 parts of potassium-sodalite powder, 3-5 parts of high-temperature sand, 13-15 parts of medium-temperature sand, 2-5 parts of additives, 4-6 parts of black mud, 8-10 parts of kaolin, 12-15 parts of washing mud and 2.5-4 parts of talc; the sum of the weight parts of the raw materials is 100 parts.
3. The firing method of a low-temperature fast-firing glazed tile according to claim 1, wherein the formulation further comprises 0.1 to 1 part of a reinforcing agent and 0.1 to 1 part of a debonding agent.
4. The firing method of the low-temperature fast-firing glazed tile according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:
SiO2 74~76%，Al2O3 18~20%，Fe2O3 0.05~0.1%，TiO2 0.1~0.2%，CaO 0.1~0.2%，MgO 0.1~0.2%，K2O 1.8~2.0%，Na2O 0.3~0.5%，LOI 3.5~4.0%。
5. the method for firing a glazed tile at a low temperature and in a rapid firing manner as claimed in claim 3, wherein the dispergator is sodium tripolyphosphate and the reinforcing agent is PVA.
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CN108545946B (en) * 2018-06-29 2021-04-27 佛山石湾鹰牌陶瓷有限公司 Anti-slip brick and preparation method thereof
CN109232001B (en) * 2018-10-11 2020-02-18 福建省春秋陶瓷实业有限公司 Firing method for improving strength of ceramic tableware blank
CN110342944A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-10-18 阜阳创启工艺品有限公司 A kind of low-temperature sintering method enhancing ceramic body intensity

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