CN111545720A - Forming process for reducing carburized gear steel band-shaped structure - Google Patents
Forming process for reducing carburized gear steel band-shaped structure Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
- B22D11/225—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould for secondary cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
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Abstract
The invention relates to a casting blank forming process for reducing carburized gear steel strip-shaped structures, which comprises the steps of pouring molten steel into a continuous casting blank, reheating the continuous casting blank and rolling the continuous casting blank, wherein the molten steel is poured into the casting blank on a continuous casting machine, the specific water amount of a secondary cooling section is controlled to be 0.35-0.65L/kg during continuous casting, and the superheat degree of the molten steel is controlled to be 15-25 ℃; the continuous casting billet is reheated by adopting a three-section heating furnace to control the temperature of each section: the preheating section is less than or equal to 800 ℃, the heating section is 1200-1350 ℃, and the soaking section is 1220-1280 ℃; the initial rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃ and the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 950 ℃ when the casting blank is rolled; after rolling, sending the steel to a cooling bed for blowing, cooling to 650 plus 750 ℃, quickly sawing, keeping the temperature of a slow cooling pit, cooling to below 300 ℃, and taking out the pit. The invention reasonably optimizes the relationship of three parameters according to the characteristics of the billet type and the steel type by controlling key parameters such as the secondary cooling water quantity, the superheat degree, the temperature and the time of a heating section of a casting blank and the like under the condition of a normal production process, thereby ensuring the stability of controlling the banded structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical processes, and particularly relates to a continuous casting cooling and casting blank heating rolling process for reducing a carburized gear steel strip structure.
Background
Gears are a typical base member and are used in a very wide variety of applications, particularly in the automotive industry where the largest volume is used. The quality of the gear steel has very important influence on the process performance and the service performance of the gear, and the high-quality gear steel is a precondition for manufacturing a high-performance gear and is an important component of basic raw materials in industrial strengthening.
The strip structure in the gear steel can cause the anisotropy of the steel, the stability of mechanical property, cutting property and hardenability and the deformation of the gear after carburizing and quenching are reduced, the high-quality gear steel has the requirement of the grade of the strip structure, and the advanced level can ensure that the annealed strip structure in the gear steel is less than or equal to 2 grade. Because the carbon content in the carburized gear steel is about 0.20 percent and is near the peritectic reaction point, the segregation of solidification components is difficult to avoid, and the control difficulty of a banded structure is very high.
The most fundamental reason for the generation of the banded structure is the difference of the nucleation rates of different regions in the austenite transformation process, and if the nucleation rates of all the regions are basically the same, the ferrite and the pearlite are uniformly distributed. The Ar3 temperature in each area is different due to element segregation, and the ferrite nucleation sequence and speed are different. Factors affecting the difference in nucleation rates are related to the nucleation core, temperature gradient, etc., in addition to elemental segregation.
Research results show that the segregation of components between dendrites and branches is the root cause of the banded structure, the influence of a casting blank heating process and cooling after rolling on the banded structure is large, and the grade of the banded structure can be effectively reduced by increasing the heating temperature of the casting blank, prolonging the heat preservation time and properly increasing the cooling rate after rolling.
Patent document CN 103194580a discloses a rolling method of low-strip-shaped structure gear steel, which reduces the strip-shaped structure of the gear steel to a lower level through the procedures of billet heating, rough rolling, intermediate rolling, water cooling, finish rolling, water cooling, air cooling, shearing and slow cooling and proper process parameters.
Patent document CN200810223796.1 discloses a method for controlling the banded structure of gear steel, which comprises the steps of molten iron pretreatment, converter-ladle refining, vacuum degassing, continuous casting of steel billets, heating of the steel billets, rolling of the steel billets by 20 continuous rolling mills, and controlling hot rolled round steel produced at different finishing rolling temperatures to enable the banded structure of the gear steel to be less than or equal to 2.5 grades, thereby meeting the requirements of users.
The control level of the banded structure is realized by the measures of controlling the temperature of the process of water cooling in the rolling process, cooling after rolling and the like, but the control process is complex, the operation difficulty is high, and the control effect of the banded structure is difficult to effectively ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of the banded structure of the carburized gear steel, the invention aims to provide a brand-new production process method for controlling the secondary cooling specific water amount of continuous casting and heating a casting blank, and by adopting the process, the banded structure of the carburized gear steel rolled by different specifications can be effectively controlled to be 1.0-2.5 grade.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a casting blank forming process for reducing carburized gear steel strip-shaped structures comprises the steps of pouring molten steel into a continuous casting blank, reheating the continuous casting blank and rolling, wherein the molten steel is poured into the casting blank on a continuous casting machine, the specific water amount of a secondary cooling section is controlled to be 0.35-0.65L/kg during continuous casting, and the superheat degree of the molten steel is controlled to be 15-25 ℃; the continuous casting billet is reheated by adopting a three-section heating furnace to control the temperature of each section: the preheating section is less than or equal to 800 ℃, the heating section is 1200-1350 ℃, and the soaking section is 1220-1280 ℃; the initial rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃ and the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 950 ℃ when the casting blank is rolled; after rolling, sending the steel to a cooling bed for blowing, cooling to 650 plus 750 ℃, quickly sawing, keeping the temperature of a slow cooling pit, cooling to below 300 ℃, and taking out the pit.
Preferably, when the continuous casting slab is reheated, the temperature of the second half section of the heating furnace is controlled to 1300-1350 ℃, and the time of the interval is controlled to be (10+ (0.01-0.05). times.H) minutes, wherein H is the thickness of the continuous casting slab.
Preferably, the billet rolling adopts a high-rigidity continuous rolling mill set for rolling.
Preferably, the initial rolling temperature is controlled at 1080-1180 ℃ and the final rolling temperature is controlled at 960-1080 ℃ during casting blank rolling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: and controlling the specific water amount of the second cooling section and the superheat degree of molten steel in the continuous casting process. Specifically, the secondary cooling water amount is controlled to be 0.35-0.65L/kg of steel which is 1.5-3 times of the basic water amount, the secondary cooling water amount is controlled too small to be less than 0.35L/kg of steel in the test, the cooling speed of a casting blank is small, the component segregation of the steel plate is serious, and when the secondary cooling water amount is controlled to be too large to exceed 0.65L/kg of steel, columnar crystals are developed, the component segregation is also aggravated, and the level of a banded structure is influenced. The superheat degree of the molten steel is controlled to be 15-25 ℃, generally, the lower the superheat degree of the molten steel is controlled on the premise of not influencing the normal production of continuous casting, the higher the solidification speed of the molten steel is, the lower the element segregation degree is, the lower the level of a banded structure is, but if the lower the element segregation degree is, the higher the risk of accretion of the molten steel can influence smooth casting, particularly, the control difficulty of the superheat degree is higher for mass production, and a strict superheat degree control range is adopted for achieving the double effects of production continuity and casting blank component segregation reduction.
Compared with the prior art, the method realizes the control level of the banded structure by measures such as water penetration cooling in the rolling process, cooling after rolling and the like, and simultaneously causes the process of control to be complex, has high operation difficulty and is difficult to effectively ensure the control effect of the banded structure, and has the characteristics of less set parameters, easy realization of control and the like. The invention reasonably optimizes the relationship of three parameters according to the characteristics of the billet type and the steel type by controlling key parameters such as the secondary cooling water quantity, the superheat degree, the temperature and the time of a heating section of a casting blank and the like under the condition of a normal production process, thereby ensuring the stability of controlling the banded structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The production process comprises the following steps: 100tEAF-LF + VD + CCM300 multiplied by 340mm2 casting blank-casting blank heating-rolling specification phi 90 mm.
Continuous casting: the secondary cooling specific water amount is 0.35L/kg steel, and the superheat degree of the molten steel in the tundish is 15-21 ℃;
the heating process of the continuous casting billet in a heating furnace comprises the following steps: a preheating section of 760 ℃, a heating section of 1272 ℃, a heating section of 1315 ℃ in the second half (time 16 minutes), a soaking section of 1251 ℃;
rolling: removing oxide scales from the casting blank after the casting blank is taken out of a heating furnace, rolling the casting blank by using high-pressure water, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1102 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 985 ℃ after the casting blank is rolled by using an 18-frame continuous rolling unit;
and (3) blowing air for cooling after the steel is finally rolled to a cooling bed, wherein the temperature of the steel is 725 ℃, and the steel is quickly sawn and cut and then put into a heat preservation pit for slow cooling.
The gear steel rolled in the embodiment comprises the following main chemical components: 0.19 percent of C, 0.25 percent of Si, 0.75 percent of Mn, 1.15 percent of Cr, 0.19 percent of Mo, 0.015 percent of P and 0.005 percent of S, and the hot rolled steel P + F has a band structure grade of 2.0 grade through detection.
Example 2
The production process comprises the following steps: 100tEAF-LF + VD + CCM300 multiplied by 340mm2 casting blank-casting blank heating-rolling specification phi 50 mm.
Continuous casting: the secondary cooling specific water amount is 0.40L/kg steel, and the superheat degree of the molten steel in the tundish is 17-23 ℃;
the heating process of the continuous casting billet in a heating furnace comprises the following steps: preheating at 770 deg.C, heating at 1275 deg.C, heating at 1320 deg.C for 16 min, and soaking at 1257 deg.C;
rolling: removing oxide scales from the casting blank after the casting blank is taken out of a heating furnace, rolling the casting blank by using high-pressure water, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1110 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 1005 ℃ after the casting blank is rolled by using an 18-frame continuous rolling unit;
and (3) blowing and cooling the finish rolled steel after reaching the cooling bed, wherein the temperature of the steel is 712 ℃, and the steel is quickly sawed and then slowly cooled in a heat preservation pit.
The gear steel rolled in the embodiment comprises the following main chemical components: 0.20 percent of C, 0.27 percent of Si, 0.76 percent of Mn, 1.14 percent of Cr, 0.19 percent of Mo, 0.010 percent of P and 0.002 percent of S, and the grade of the strip structure of the hot rolled steel P + F is 1.5 grade through detection.
Example 3
The production process comprises the following steps: 100tEAF-LF + VD + CCM300 multiplied by 340mm2 casting blank-casting blank heating-rolling specification phi 120 mm.
Continuous casting: the secondary cooling specific water amount is 0.45L/kg steel, and the superheat degree of the molten steel in the tundish is 16-23 ℃;
the heating process of the continuous casting billet in a heating furnace comprises the following steps: a preheating section of 780 ℃, a heating section of 1280 ℃, a heating section of 1330 ℃ in the latter half part of the heating section (time 17 minutes), a soaking section of 1260 ℃;
rolling: after the casting blank is taken out of the heating furnace, removing oxide scales by high-pressure water, rolling, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1115 ℃, and rolling is carried out by an 18-frame continuous rolling unit, and the final rolling temperature is 990 ℃;
and (3) blowing and cooling the finish rolled steel after reaching the cooling bed, wherein the temperature of the steel is 690 ℃, and the steel is quickly sawed and then is slowly cooled in a lower heat preservation pit.
The gear steel rolled in the embodiment comprises the following main chemical components: 0.22 percent of C, 0.25 percent of Si, 0.78 percent of Mn, 1.17 percent of Cr, 0.38 percent of Mo, 0.012 percent of P and 0.003 percent of S, and the hot rolled steel P + F is detected to have a banded structure grade of 2.5.
Example 4
The production process comprises the following steps: 100tBOF-LF + RH + CCM240 multiplied by 240mm2 casting blank-casting blank heating-rolling specification phi 45 mm.
Continuous casting: the secondary cooling specific water amount is 0.55L/kg steel, and the superheat degree of the molten steel in the tundish is 15-22 ℃;
the heating process of the continuous casting billet in a heating furnace comprises the following steps: a preheating section of 780 ℃, a heating section of 1260 ℃, a heating section of 1310 ℃ in the second half (time 14 minutes), a soaking section of 1256 ℃;
rolling: removing oxide scales from the casting blank after the casting blank is taken out of a heating furnace by high-pressure water, rolling the casting blank at the initial rolling temperature of 1115 ℃, and rolling the casting blank by an 18-frame continuous rolling unit and a 5-frame KOCKS unit at the final rolling temperature of 968 ℃;
and (3) blowing and cooling the finish rolled steel after reaching the cooling bed, wherein the temperature of the steel is 673 ℃, and the steel is quickly sawed and then is slowly cooled in a heat preservation pit.
The gear steel rolled in the embodiment comprises the following main chemical components: 0.20% of C, 0.23% of Si, 0.98% of Mn, 1.10% of Cr, 0.055% of Ti, 0.018% of P, 0.004% of S, and the grade of the band-shaped structure of the hot rolled steel P + F is 1.5 grade.
Example 5
The production process comprises the following steps: 100tBOF-LF + RH + CCM240 multiplied by 240mm2 casting blank-casting blank heating-rolling specification phi 30 mm.
Continuous casting: the secondary cooling specific water amount is 0.60kg of steel, and the superheat degree of the molten steel in the tundish is 18-23 ℃;
the heating process of the continuous casting billet in a heating furnace comprises the following steps: preheating at 770 ℃, heating at 1259 ℃, and heating at 1250 ℃ in the second half 1315 ℃ (for 14 minutes);
rolling: removing oxide scales from the casting blank after the casting blank is taken out of the heating furnace by high-pressure water, rolling the casting blank at the initial rolling temperature of 1110 ℃, and rolling the casting blank by an 18-frame continuous rolling unit and a 5-frame KOCKS unit at the final rolling temperature of 960 ℃;
and (3) blowing air for cooling after the steel is finally rolled to a cooling bed, wherein the temperature of the steel is 685 ℃, and the steel is quickly sawed and cut and then put into a heat preservation pit for slow cooling.
The gear steel rolled in the embodiment mainly comprises the following chemical components: 0.21% of C, 0.27% of Si, 0.96% of Mn, 1.12% of Cr, 0.054% of Ti, 0.020% of P, 0.003% of S, and the band structure grade of the hot rolled steel P + F is 1.0 grade.
Example 6
The production process comprises the following steps: 100tBOF-LF + RH + CCM240 multiplied by 240mm2 casting blank-casting blank heating-rolling specification phi 40 mm.
Continuous casting: the secondary cooling specific water amount is 0.57L/kg steel, and the superheat degree of the molten steel in the tundish is 15-23 ℃;
the heating process of the continuous casting billet in a heating furnace comprises the following steps: a preheating section of 780 ℃, a heating section of 1270 ℃, a heating section of 1310 ℃ at the second half part (time 14 minutes), a soaking section of 1260 ℃;
rolling: removing oxide scales from the casting blank after the casting blank is taken out of the heating furnace by high-pressure water, rolling the casting blank at the initial rolling temperature of 1090 ℃ by using an 18-frame continuous rolling unit and a 5-frame KOCKS unit, and rolling the casting blank at the final rolling temperature of 970 ℃;
and (3) blowing air for cooling after the steel is finally rolled to a cooling bed, wherein the temperature of the steel is 691 ℃, the steel is quickly sawed and then is slowly cooled in a heat preservation pit.
The steel rolled in the embodiment comprises the following main chemical components: 0.19 percent of C, 0.22 percent of Si, 0.86 percent of Mn, 0.55 percent of Cr, 0.50 percent of Ni, 0.20 percent of Mo, 0.011 percent of P and 0.015 percent of S, and the hot rolled steel P + F is detected to have a banded structure grade of 1.5.
Comparative example 7
The production process comprises the following steps: 100tEAF-LF + VD + CCM300 multiplied by 340mm2 casting blank-casting blank heating-rolling specification phi 100 mm.
Continuous casting: the secondary cooling specific water amount is 0.2-0.3/kg steel, and the superheat degree of the molten steel in the tundish is 15-24 ℃;
the heating process of the continuous casting billet in a heating furnace comprises the following steps: the preheating section is 780 ℃, the heating section is 1232 ℃, and the soaking section is 1230 ℃;
rolling: removing oxide scales from the casting blank after the casting blank is taken out of the heating furnace by high-pressure water, rolling the casting blank at the initial rolling temperature of 1086 ℃, and rolling the casting blank by a 18-frame continuous rolling unit at the final rolling temperature of 960 ℃;
and (5) cooling the steel by a cooling bed, sawing, packaging and then slowly cooling the steel by a heat preservation pit.
The steel rolled in the embodiment comprises the following main chemical components: 0.21% of C, 0.23% of Si, 0.77% of Mn, 1.15% of Cr, 0.37% of Mo, 0.010% of P, 0.004% of S, and the hot-rolled steel strip structure grade is 4.0 grade.
Comparative example 8
Production process of 100tBOF-LF + RH + CCM240 × 240mm2Casting blank-casting blank heating-rolling specification phi 45 mm.
Continuous casting: the secondary cooling specific water amount is 0.45L/kg steel, and the superheat degree of the molten steel in the tundish is 20-24 ℃;
the heating process of the continuous casting billet in a heating furnace comprises the following steps: the preheating section is 770 ℃, the heating section is 1235 ℃, and the soaking section is 1228 ℃;
rolling: removing oxide scales from the casting blank after the casting blank is taken out of a heating furnace by high-pressure water, rolling the casting blank at the initial rolling temperature of 1075 ℃, and rolling the casting blank by an 18-frame continuous rolling unit and a 5-frame KOCKS unit at the final rolling temperature of 955 ℃;
and (5) cooling the steel material in a cooling bed, sawing, packaging and then stacking for cooling.
The main chemical components of the steel rolled in the embodiment are as follows: 0.20% C, 0.20% Si, 0.84% Mn, 0.53% Cr, 0.50% Ni, 0.19% Mo, 0.014% P, 0.012% S, hot rolled steel strip grade 3.5.
Claims (7)
1. A casting blank forming process for reducing carburized gear steel strip-shaped structures is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of pouring molten steel into a continuous casting blank, reheating the continuous casting blank and rolling, wherein the molten steel is poured into the casting blank on a continuous casting machine, the specific water amount of a secondary cooling section is controlled to be 0.35-0.65L/kg during continuous casting, and the superheat degree of the molten steel is controlled to be 15-25 ℃; the continuous casting billet is reheated by adopting a three-section heating furnace to control the temperature of each section: the preheating section is less than or equal to 800 ℃, the heating section is 1200-1350 ℃, and the soaking section is 1220-1280 ℃; the initial rolling temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃ and the final rolling temperature is more than or equal to 950 ℃ when the casting blank is rolled; after rolling, sending the steel to a cooling bed for blowing, cooling to 650 plus 750 ℃, quickly sawing, keeping the temperature of a slow cooling pit, cooling to below 300 ℃, and taking out the pit.
2. The casting blank forming process for reducing the carburized gear steel strip-shaped structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the continuous casting billet is reheated, the temperature of the second half section of the heating furnace is controlled to reach 1300-.
3. The casting blank forming process for reducing the carburized gear steel strip-shaped structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the billet rolling adopts a high-rigidity continuous rolling unit for rolling.
4. The casting blank forming process for reducing the carburized gear steel strip-shaped structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the initial rolling temperature is controlled to be 1080-1180 ℃ and the final rolling temperature is controlled to be 960-1080 ℃ during casting blank rolling.
5. The casting blank forming process for reducing the carburized gear steel strip-shaped structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the smelting of the molten steel comprises smelting in an electric furnace or a converter, and then refining outside the furnace and vacuum degassing treatment.
6. The casting blank forming process for reducing the carburized gear steel strip-shaped structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carbon content of the carburized gear steel is below 0.24%.
7. The process for casting the steel strip structure of the gear with the reduced carburization according to claim 6, wherein: the carbon content of the carburized gear steel is 0.12% -0.24%.
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| CN112893489A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-04 | 西宁特殊钢股份有限公司 | Rolling process for eliminating rolling-state mixed crystal structure of 20MnCr5 steel |
| CN113278777A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-08-20 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | Method for controlling steel strip-shaped structure of alloy structure |
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