CN111545265B - Hydraulic control system with ultrahigh precision and capability of improving reaction conversion rate - Google Patents
Hydraulic control system with ultrahigh precision and capability of improving reaction conversion rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111545265B CN111545265B CN202010300848.1A CN202010300848A CN111545265B CN 111545265 B CN111545265 B CN 111545265B CN 202010300848 A CN202010300848 A CN 202010300848A CN 111545265 B CN111545265 B CN 111545265B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
- B01L3/0241—Drop counters; Drop formers
- B01L3/0268—Drop counters; Drop formers using pulse dispensing or spraying, eg. inkjet type, piezo actuated ejection of droplets from capillaries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
- B01L3/0289—Apparatus for withdrawing or distributing predetermined quantities of fluid
- B01L3/0293—Apparatus for withdrawing or distributing predetermined quantities of fluid for liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
- B01L2200/061—Counting droplets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
- B01L2400/0403—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces
- B01L2400/0415—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces electrical forces, e.g. electrokinetic
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic control system with ultrahigh precision and capable of improving reaction conversion rate, which comprises: the liquid dropping nozzle, the electric control device and the hydraulic control device; the liquid dropping nozzle is arranged at the bottom end of the liquid control device and communicated with the liquid control device; and the electric control device is connected with the dripping nozzle. In the system, based on an electro-capillary effect in an electrochemical system, an electric field with specific size and frequency is applied to liquid at a dropping nozzle, so that the surface tension of the internal liquid can be effectively regulated and controlled, the volume of the liquid drop can be accurately controlled, and the size of the liquid drop can be accurately controlled at micron level or even submicron level; has wide prospect in the fields of microelectronics, precision chemical engineering and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of precision instruments, in particular to a hydraulic control system with ultrahigh precision and capable of improving reaction conversion rate.
Background
In the fields of microelectronics, fine chemistry industry, military and military industry and the like, the liquid transferring and dropping device has wide requirements. In the early days, people generally use a dropper and a pipette to perform liquid transferring operation, the precision is very low and cannot be controlled, and the precision limit of single transferring is about 0.1-1.0 mL.
In recent years, various types of dropping devices such as a micro syringe, a pipette gun, and an electromagnetic pipette device can accurately pipette a liquid having a volume of several tens or several hundreds microliters or more. It is of interest, however, that these devices have difficulty in achieving single controlled drops of volumes of several microliters and below, since drop size is always limited by the surface tension of the liquid. With the further increase of the production technical requirements of people, the effective control of the volume of the dropwise liquid becomes more urgent.
To enable ultra-high precision control of the droplets, varying the surface tension of the liquid is one of the most feasible ways of achieving this. Typical means of altering the surface tension of a liquid include heating and incorporating an active agent. However, whether the solution is heated or the surfactant is incorporated, the inherent state of the solution is changed and other unwanted substances are even introduced, which has many adverse effects on the experiment and production. In experimental and practical production applications, people can not effectively control the size of liquid drops all the time.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention has been made to provide a liquid control system which overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems, has ultra-high accuracy, and can improve the reaction conversion rate, can effectively control the surface tension of liquid droplets without heating or adding a surfactant, and can accurately control the size of the liquid droplets to the micrometer or even submicron level.
The embodiment of the invention provides a hydraulic control system with ultrahigh precision and capable of improving reaction conversion rate, which comprises: the liquid dropping nozzle, the electric control device and the hydraulic control device;
wherein: the liquid dropping nozzle is arranged at the bottom end of the hydraulic control device and communicated with the hydraulic control device; the electric control device is connected with the liquid dropping nozzle.
Further, the electric control device includes: the power supply comprises a power supply module and a pulse signal generator connected with the power supply module.
Furthermore, the pulse signal generator outputs an electric signal with the frequency of 0-100 MHz and the magnitude of-3000V.
Furthermore, the liquid dropping nozzle is of a single-blade hyperbolic surface-shaped four-layer composite structure; from inside to outside, sequentially: a first conductive layer, a first insulating layer, a second conductive layer, and a second insulating layer;
the pulse signal generator is provided with an output end and a zero line end, the output end is connected with the first conducting layer, and the zero line end is connected with the second conducting layer.
Furthermore, the diameter of the upper end of the four-layer composite structure of the single-leaf hyperboloid shape is 0.1-20 mm, and the diameter of the lower end of the four-layer composite structure of the single-leaf hyperboloid shape is 0.01-6 mm.
Further, the first conducting layer and/or the second conducting layer is made of one or more of stainless steel, magnesium aluminum alloy, aluminum, gold, platinum, silver and titanium.
Further, the second insulating layer and/or the second insulating layer is made of one or more of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene and rubber.
Further, the hydraulic control device is a double-layer columnar structure, and comprises: an inner reservoir tube and an outer see-through tube;
a screw rod and a piston are arranged in the liquid storage pipe, and a gear assembly is arranged at the top end of the liquid storage pipe; the gear assembly is meshed with the screw rod; the screw rod and the piston are driven to do up-and-down spiral motion in the liquid storage pipe under the rotation of the gear assembly.
Further, the material of the liquid storage tube is one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, glass and quartz.
Further, the gear assembly includes a gear A, B, C; the gear B is meshed with the gear A and the gear C simultaneously;
the gear A, B, C has the tooth number ratio of (1-10): (1-10): (1-100).
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
according to the hydraulic control system with ultrahigh precision and capability of improving the reaction conversion rate, the electric control device is connected with the liquid dropping nozzle, and based on the electro-capillary effect in an electrochemical system, the surface tension of the liquid inside the liquid dropping nozzle can be effectively regulated and controlled by applying an electric field with specific size and frequency to the liquid at the liquid dropping nozzle, so that the volume of the liquid drop can be accurately controlled, and the size of the liquid drop can be accurately controlled at a micron level or even a submicron level; has wide prospect in the fields of microelectronics, precision chemical engineering and the like.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a hydraulic control system with ultra-high accuracy and capable of increasing reaction conversion rate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a structure of a dropping nozzle in the hydraulic control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a gear structure in a hydraulic control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph of the potential-drop volume change trend of example 1 provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, a hydraulic control system with ultra-high precision and capable of improving reaction conversion rate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the liquid dropping nozzle, the electric control device and the hydraulic control device; the liquid dropping nozzle is arranged at the bottom end of the hydraulic control device and communicated with the hydraulic control device; the electric control device is connected with the dropping nozzle.
The liquid control system applies an electric field with specific size and frequency to liquid at the position of a liquid dropping nozzle through an electric control device based on an electrocapillary effect in an electrochemical system, can effectively regulate and control the surface tension of the liquid inside, further accurately control the volume size of liquid drops, and accurately control the size of the liquid drops to be in a micron level or even a submicron level; has wide prospect in the fields of microelectronics, precision chemical engineering and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric control device includes: the power supply module and the pulse signal generator connected with the power supply module. The pulse signal generator is powered by a power module, which may be a storage battery or a rechargeable battery, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The pulse signal generator adopts a pulse signal generating circuit familiar in the prior art, and only needs to output an electric pulse signal with the frequency of 0-100 MHz and the size of-3000V, the embodiment of the invention does not limit the electric pulse signal, and the waveform of the pulse signal is not limited, such as sine wave, cosine wave and the like.
The dropping nozzle has a single-blade double-curved-surface four-layer composite structure, as shown in FIG. 2, the diameter of the upper end is 0.1-20 mm, and the diameter of the lower end is 0.01-6 mm. The four-layer composite structure sequentially comprises from inside to outside: the first conductive layer, the first insulating layer, the second conductive layer and the second insulating layer. The pulse signal generator is provided with an output end and a zero line end, wherein the output end is connected with the first conducting layer, and the zero line end is connected with the second conducting layer; the electric field with specific size and frequency is applied to the liquid at the liquid dropping nozzle, the surface tension of the liquid inside can be effectively regulated and controlled, and the size of the liquid drop is accurately controlled.
In one embodiment, the first conductive layer is made of one or more of stainless steel, magnesium aluminum alloy, aluminum, gold, platinum, silver and titanium; similarly, any one or more of the above materials may be used for the second conductive layer; the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer can be made of different or same materials, and after being connected with a pulse signal generator, an electric field is formed by applying pulse signals with specific size and frequency.
In another embodiment, the first insulating layer blocks the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer to function as a blocking insulation, and the second insulating layer is at the outermost layer to function as an insulation as well.
The first insulating layer is made of one or more of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene and rubber. Similarly, any one or more of the above materials may be used for the second insulating layer. The first insulating layer and the second insulating layer can be made of different or same materials, and the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer can play a role in isolation and insulation.
Preferably, the diameter of the upper end of the single-leaf hyperboloid-shaped four-layer composite structure is 0.5-3 mm, and the diameter of the lower end of the single-leaf hyperboloid-shaped four-layer composite structure is 0.05-1.5 mm. The first conductive layer is preferably made of stainless steel, silver or titanium, the first insulating layer is an organic polymer (organic complex, which means an organic material having a high resistivity for insulation and corrosion resistance), the second conductive layer is made of stainless steel, silver or titanium, and the second insulating layer is made of polyimide or polytetrafluoroethylene. The pulse signal generator outputs an electric pulse signal with the frequency of 0-1 MHz and the size of-30V. The pulse signal output end is connected with the first conducting layer of the liquid drop nozzle, and the zero line end is connected with the second conducting layer of the liquid drop nozzle, so that a pulse electric field is constructed in the liquid drop nozzle cavity. As shown in fig. 2, there will be a large amount of positive or negative charge on the surface of the innermost layer (first conductive layer) of the droplet nozzle, and the presence of the charge in the solution causes the surface tension of the liquid to be reduced. In the dropping nozzle, the single-sheet hyperboloid shape has a necking part, the part has the maximum electric field intensity and charge density, the surface tension of the solution reaches the minimum value, the liquid drop is output at the position, the liquid drop is prevented from contacting with the lower end of the nozzle, and the purpose of accurately regulating and controlling the volume of the output liquid drop is further achieved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the hydraulic control device is a double-layer cylinder structure, such as a cylinder structure; the small cylinder inside is a liquid storage pipe for storing liquid; the large outer cylinder is a perspective tube, plays a role in magnifying and observing the height of the liquid column, and is provided with scale marks on the surface.
A piston and a screw rod matched with the liquid storage pipe are arranged in the liquid storage pipe, and a gear assembly is arranged at the top end of the liquid storage pipe; the gear assembly is meshed with the screw rod; the screw rod and the piston are driven to move up and down in the liquid storage pipe under the rotation of the gear assembly.
As shown in fig. 3, wherein the gear assembly includes gear A, B, C; the screw rod is meshed with the gear A, and the screw rod makes up-and-down spiral motion along with the rotation of the gear A. The gear A is meshed with the gear B, the gear B and the gear C are different in tooth number but meshed with each other, and the gear B and the gear C are respectively rotated to operate the lifting of the push-pull screw rod at different speeds, so that liquid is extracted and output.
The gear A, B, C has a tooth number ratio of (1-10): (1-10): (1-100), more preferably, gear A, B, C, the tooth number ratio of the three is (3-6): (1-5): (10-60). The structure is compact, and the transmission ratio distribution is reasonable; through the number of the rotating teeth of the adjusting gear, accurate dropping liquid volume control can be realized.
The hydraulic control system with ultrahigh precision and capable of improving the reaction conversion rate, provided by the embodiment of the invention, is simple to operate in practical application, can effectively regulate and control the surface tension of the liquid drop without heating or adding a surfactant, and can accurately control the size of the liquid drop to be in a micron level or even a submicron level. The method has wide applicability to various solution systems, can accurately regulate and control the volume of the dropwise added liquid in a large range in experiments and actual production, can reach 0.001-100 uL, can meet special experiments and production purposes due to the liquid drops with controllable ultra-wide volume range, can promote reaction, is convenient for large-scale industrial production, and has wide prospects in the fields of liquid precision regulation and control, microelectronics, precision chemical engineering, chemical catalysis, military and military industry and the like.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated in detail by two specific examples.
Example 1
The dropping nozzle is manufactured according to the figure 2, wherein the dropping nozzle is of a single-leaf hyperboloid four-layer composite structure, the diameter of the upper end of the dropping nozzle is 2.6mm, and the diameter of the lower end of the dropping nozzle is 0.5 mm. The innermost layer is made of stainless steel, the second layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, the third layer is made of stainless steel, and the fourth layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
The electric control device is powered by a storage battery and comprises an electrical signal generator manufactured based on an NE555 circuit. Can output an electric pulse signal or a direct current signal with the frequency of 0-10 MHz and the magnitude of-30-60V. The pulse signal output end is connected with the innermost layer (the first conducting layer) of the liquid drop nozzle, and the zero line end is connected with the third layer (the second conducting layer) of the liquid drop nozzle, so that a pulse electric field is constructed in the liquid drop nozzle cavity.
As shown in fig. 3, the gear A, B, C has a tooth ratio of 3: 1: 10. the gear A is meshed with the gear B, the gear B and the gear C are different in tooth number but meshed with each other, and the gear B and the gear C are respectively rotated to operate the lifting of the screw rod at different speeds, so that liquid is extracted and output.
The pulse signal generator is set to output a direct current signal of 0Hz and 2-50V, the screw rod is controlled to ascend by rotating the gear C (clockwise or anticlockwise, and the ascending of the screw rod can be realized according to the installation relation of the gear multi-stage drive and the gear), and then the aqueous solution containing the black dye is extracted. And gradually increasing the output voltage of the pulse signal generator, stopping rotating the gear C, operating the screw rod to descend through the rotating gear B, finishing outputting the solution, and dropping the solution on the experimental recording paper. As shown in fig. 4, it can be seen that as the voltage is gradually increased, the volume of the output droplet is reduced due to the reduction of the surface tension, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the volume of the droplet.
Example 2
The dropping nozzle was fabricated according to fig. 2, wherein the dropping nozzle was a single-leaf hyperboloid four-layer composite structure with an upper end diameter of 3.5mm and a lower end diameter of 0.6 mm. The innermost layer is made of magnesium-aluminum alloy, the second layer is made of polyimide, the third layer is made of magnesium-aluminum alloy, and the fourth layer is made of polyimide.
The electronic control unit is powered by a rechargeable battery and comprises a pulse signal generator made of two TTL integrated circuits (74LS00 and 74LS 221). The electric control module can output electric pulse signals with the frequency of 10-20 MHz and the magnitude of-10-100V. The pulse signal output end is connected with the innermost layer (the first conducting layer) of the liquid drop nozzle, and the zero line end is connected with the third layer (the second conducting layer) of the liquid drop nozzle, so that a pulse electric field is constructed in the liquid drop nozzle cavity.
As shown in fig. 3, the gear A, B, C has a tooth ratio of 4: 2: 15. the gear A is meshed with the gear B, the gear B and the gear C are different in tooth number but meshed with each other, and the gear B and the gear C are respectively rotated to operate the lifting of the screw rod at different speeds, so that liquid is extracted and output.
The results of the test conducted in example 1 show that the effect of example 2 is substantially the same as that of example 1.
From the above embodiments, it can be known that the hydraulic control system with ultrahigh precision and capable of improving the reaction conversion rate provided by the embodiments of the present invention can effectively regulate and control the surface tension of the internal liquid by applying an electric field with a specific size and frequency to the liquid, thereby accurately controlling the volume size of the liquid drop.
Compared with common pipetting equipment such as a pipetting gun and a microinjector, the automatic liquid-transferring device has the advantages that the control precision can reach 1-1000 times, and the liquid drops in the sub-microliter level can be automatically or semi-automatically output, so that the conversion rate of the activation reaction is improved. The method has the advantages of simple operation in the using process, capability of conveniently and efficiently regulating and controlling the volume of output liquid, capability of effectively regulating and controlling the surface tension of liquid drops without heating or adding a surfactant, wide applicability to various solution systems, low cost, convenience for large-scale industrial production, and wide prospect in the fields of liquid precision regulation and control, microelectronics, precision chemical engineering, chemical catalysis and the like.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. A hydraulic control system with ultrahigh precision and capable of improving reaction conversion rate is characterized by comprising: the liquid dropping nozzle, the electric control device and the hydraulic control device;
wherein: the liquid dropping nozzle is arranged at the bottom end of the hydraulic control device and communicated with the hydraulic control device; the electric control device is connected with the liquid dropping nozzle;
the electric control device comprises: the power supply module and the pulse signal generator are connected with the power supply module;
the liquid dropping nozzle is of a four-layer composite structure in a single-leaf hyperboloid shape; from inside to outside, sequentially: a first conductive layer, a first insulating layer, a second conductive layer, and a second insulating layer;
the pulse signal generator is provided with an output end and a zero line end, the output end is connected with the first conducting layer, and the zero line end is connected with the second conducting layer;
the hydraulic control device is a double-layer columnar structure and comprises: an inner reservoir tube and an outer see-through tube;
a screw rod and a piston are arranged in the liquid storage pipe, and a gear assembly is arranged at the top end of the liquid storage pipe; the gear assembly is meshed with the screw rod; the screw rod and the piston are driven to do up-and-down spiral motion in the liquid storage pipe under the rotation of the gear assembly.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the pulse signal generator outputs an electrical signal having a frequency of 0 to 100MHz and a magnitude of-3000 to 3000V.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the upper end of the four-layer composite structure of the single-leaf hyperboloid shape is 0.1-20 mm, and the diameter of the lower end is 0.01-6 mm.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the first and/or second conductive layers are one or more of stainless steel, magnesium aluminum alloy, aluminum, gold, platinum, silver, and titanium.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the second insulating layer and/or the second insulating layer is made of one or more of polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, and rubber.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the reservoir is made of one of teflon, polyimide, glass, and quartz.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the gear assembly includes a gear A, B, C; the gear B is meshed with the gear A and the gear C simultaneously;
the gear A, B, C has the tooth number ratio of (1-10): (1-10): (1-100).
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| US6911132B2 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2005-06-28 | Duke University | Apparatus for manipulating droplets by electrowetting-based techniques |
| JP2008260236A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-30 | Seiko Epson Corp | Liquid droplet ejection head and liquid droplet ejector and their ejection control method |
| JP2012032258A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-16 | Osaka City Univ | Droplet moving device and droplet moving method |
| US20150079583A1 (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2015-03-19 | Vanderbilt University | Device and method for detecting a target analyte |
| CN104723678B (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2017-05-24 | 上海交通大学 | Electro hydrodynamic preparation device and method for batch micro-droplets |
| CN106890736B (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2019-01-25 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of viscoelastic fluid drop generating device of size tunable |
| CN107153018B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2019-07-05 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of droplet generator and drop manufacturing method |
| CN107687992B (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2020-12-01 | 清华大学 | System and method for regulating and controlling surface tension of liquid metal under external field-free condition |
| CN107486348B (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-06-14 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of on-demand droplet ejection device of push-pull joint |
| CN208757614U (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2019-04-19 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Distributing mechanism and synthesis system based on dielectric wetness technique |
| CN109049674B (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2023-08-01 | 吉林大学 | Additive manufacturing device and method for microsystem three-dimensional structure |
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