CN111537901B - Battery power state measuring and calculating method, battery pack and vehicle - Google Patents
Battery power state measuring and calculating method, battery pack and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111537901B CN111537901B CN202010274111.7A CN202010274111A CN111537901B CN 111537901 B CN111537901 B CN 111537901B CN 202010274111 A CN202010274111 A CN 202010274111A CN 111537901 B CN111537901 B CN 111537901B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
Abstract
The invention discloses a battery state of charge measuring and calculating method, a battery pack and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of batteries.
Description
[ technical field ] A
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery electric quantity state measuring and calculating method, a battery pack and a vehicle.
[ background of the invention ]
In the prior art, an ampere-hour integration method and an open-circuit voltage method are mostly adopted for calculating the SOC, and the ampere-hour integration method is a method for obtaining the current state of charge of the battery by knowing the state of the remaining electric quantity of the battery at the previous moment in advance and counting the charges charged and discharged by the battery within a period of time. The open-circuit voltage method is to estimate the SOC of the battery by measuring the open-circuit voltage of the battery when the battery is not in a charging state or a discharging state, i.e., when the operating current is zero.
However, both the ampere-hour integration method and the open circuit voltage method have their own problems. The ampere-hour integration method cannot cope with the self-discharge problem of the battery due to the dependence on the initial value and the problem of the accumulated error. The problem of the open-circuit voltage method is shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a charging 0.5C curve of the battery, the head and the tail of the curve present indexes, and the middle of the curve is approximate to a straight line, so that the open-circuit voltage method is difficult to calculate the SOC in the middle voltage charging period, and the SOC estimation difficulty of the open-circuit voltage method is further increased by the aid of resilience of the battery voltage. In addition, the open-circuit voltage is calculated under the condition that the working current is zero in most cases, but in most cases, the SOC also needs to be calculated when the battery is used in practical application, even if the battery is not charged and is not started, the working current still cannot be considered to be zero under the static state, and other weak-point electrical appliances also use the battery.
Therefore, the SOC calculation method in the prior art has a certain error, so that the SOC measurement is not accurate enough, and the use state of the battery cannot be judged correctly.
[ summary of the invention ]
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for measuring and calculating the electric quantity state of a battery, which can accurately calculate the SOC value of the battery.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for measuring and calculating the battery power state is used for measuring and calculating the battery power state when a battery pack is charged or discharged, and comprises the following steps:
obtaining the remaining capacity Q of the battery pack at a certain momentt1According to the remaining capacity Q of the battery packt1Calculating the residual electric quantity Q of the battery pack at the current momentt2The certain moment is earlier than the current moment;
acquiring the capacity of the battery pack based on the SOH state value of the battery pack;
according to the residual electric quantity Q of the battery pack at the current momentt2Calculating the capacity of the battery pack to obtain the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment;
and if the battery pack is in a discharging state, outputting the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment, if the battery pack is in a charging state, calibrating the charging terminal according to the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment, and outputting the calibrated SOC value.
Optionally, the charging end calibration is performed according to the SOC value of the battery pack at the current time, and outputting the calibrated SOC value includes:
setting a calibration threshold;
judging whether the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment reaches a calibration threshold value, if not, outputting the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment, if so, acquiring the voltages of any two batteries in the battery pack, if the voltages of any two batteries are greater than a first voltage threshold value, setting the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment as a calibration value and outputting the calibration value, and after the calibration value lasts for a preset time, setting the SOC value to hundreds.
Optionally, if the voltage of any single battery in the battery pack is greater than the second voltage threshold, the SOC value is directly set to one hundred.
Optionally, the SOC value calculation formula of the battery pack at the current time is as follows:
optionally, the remaining capacity Qt2 of the battery pack at the current time is calculated by the following formula:
wherein Q ist3The amount of electricity consumed by the weak current system from a certain moment to the current moment, Qt4The amount of power consumed by the BMS from a certain time to the current time,
the electric quantity charged or discharged by the battery pack from a certain moment to the current moment.
Optionally, i (t) > 0 charges the battery pack, and i (t) < 0 discharges the battery pack.
Optionally, the charging of the battery pack comprises charging in the system and charging out of the system, when the system is charged out, i (t) < 0, and
0, when charging in the system, i (t) > 0,
the amount of power consumed by the weak current system.
Alternatively to this, the first and second parts may,
the excessive charging amount of the discharging amount from a certain moment to the current moment,
the surplus discharge amount of the charge amount from a certain moment to the current moment.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the battery electric quantity state measuring and calculating method provided by the invention, the electric quantity consumed by a weak current system and the electric quantity consumed by a BMS are added in the calculation of an ampere-hour integral method, and a single voltage is adopted as a standard for smoothing when the tail end is charged, and a hundred conditions are fixed, so that the SOC at the later charging stage does not jump and suddenly change. Because the power consumption error and the fixed position condition of the weak current system and the BMS are added, the SOC estimation is more accurate, the SOC jump is smoother in the later charging period, and the phenomenon of jump sudden SOC is reduced, so that the final SOC error is reduced, the defect caused by independently using an ampere-hour integral method or an open-circuit voltage measurement and calculation method to measure and calculate the SOC of the battery is overcome, and the battery is convenient to maintain and replace.
In addition, the invention also provides a battery pack, and the battery power state of the battery pack is measured and calculated by any one of the battery power state measuring and calculating methods.
The beneficial effect of the battery pack provided by the invention is similar to the beneficial effect reasoning process of the battery electric quantity state measuring and calculating method, and the description is omitted here.
In addition, a vehicle comprises the battery pack, or the battery pack of the vehicle is measured and calculated by the battery state of charge measuring and calculating method.
The beneficial effects of the vehicle provided by the invention are similar to the beneficial effect reasoning process of the battery electric quantity state measuring and calculating method, and are not repeated herein.
These features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in more detail in the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. The best mode or means of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the features, elements and components appearing in each of the following and in the drawings are plural and different symbols or numerals are labeled for convenience of representation, but all represent components of the same or similar construction or function.
[ description of the drawings ]
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an image of a prior art SOC;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] A
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are explained and illustrated below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an example" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment itself may be included in at least one embodiment of the patent disclosure. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a method for measuring a battery state of charge, which is used for measuring a battery state of charge when a battery pack is charged or discharged, and in the present embodiment, the battery pack is specifically a lithium iron phosphate battery pack, and in other embodiments, the battery pack may be other types of battery packs, which is not limited herein.
In the method for measuring and calculating the state of charge of the battery provided by this embodiment, the consumption of the weak electrical system and the consumption of the BMS are added in the calculation of the ampere-hour integration method, the terminal adopts the cell voltage as a standard for the purpose of smoothing when the terminal is charged, and then the specific steps of fixing the hundred conditions include:
s1: obtaining electricity at a certain timeRemaining capacity Q of battery packt1Herein, the remaining capacity Q of the battery pack is definedt1The corresponding time is t1, namely, the residual capacity Q of the battery pack at the time of t1 is obtainedt1. According to the residual capacity Q of the battery packt1Calculating the residual electric quantity Q of the battery pack at the current momentt2Herein, the remaining capacity Q of the battery pack is definedt2The corresponding time is t2, i.e. according to the remaining capacity Q of the battery packt1Calculating the residual capacity Q of the battery pack at the time t2t2A certain time is earlier than the current time, i.e., time t1 is earlier than time t 2. Remaining capacity Q of battery pack at time t2t2The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein Q ist3The electric quantity consumed by the weak electric system of the electric appliance such as a vehicle and the like where the battery pack is located from the time t1 to the time t2, or the electric quantity consumed by the weak electric system of the battery pack itself; qt4For the amount of power consumed by the BMS from time t1 to time t2,
the electric quantity charged or discharged by the battery pack from a certain moment to the current moment.
In the formula
In (1),
the excessive charge amount of the discharge amount is from the time t1 to the time t2,
the charge amount becomes the overdischarge amount from the time t1 to the time t 2.
S2: acquiring the capacity of the battery pack based on the SOH state value of the battery pack;
s3: according to the residual capacity Q of the battery pack at the time t2t2And calculating the capacity of the battery pack to obtain the SOC value of the battery pack at the time t2, wherein the SOC value calculation formula of the battery pack at the current time is as follows:
s4: and if the battery pack is in a discharging state, outputting the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment, and if the battery pack is in a charging state, calibrating the charging terminal according to the SOC value of the battery pack at the moment t2 and outputting the calibrated SOC value. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
setting a calibration threshold;
judging whether the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment reaches a calibration threshold value, if not, outputting the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment, if so, obtaining the voltage of any two batteries in the battery pack, if the voltage of any two batteries is greater than a first voltage threshold value, setting the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment as a calibration value and outputting the calibration value, and after the calibration value lasts for a preset time, setting the SOC value to be hundreds, or setting the voltage of any single battery in the battery pack to be greater than a second voltage threshold value, and directly setting the SOC value to be hundreds.
In this embodiment, the calibration threshold, the calibration value, the first voltage threshold, the second voltage threshold, and the preset time are all set by those skilled in the art according to the actual usage scenario and the usage state of the battery pack. In this embodiment, the calibration threshold is preferably 97%, the calibration value is preferably 98%, the first voltage threshold is preferably 3.6V, the second voltage threshold is preferably 3.7V, and the preset time is preferably 1 minute.
That is to say, whether the SOC value of the battery pack at the current time reaches the calibration threshold 97% is determined, if the SOC value does not reach the calibration threshold 97%, the SOC value of the battery pack at the current time is output, if the SOC value reaches the calibration threshold 97%, the voltage of any two single batteries in the battery pack is obtained, if the voltage of any two single batteries is greater than the first voltage threshold 3.6V, the SOC value of the battery pack at the current time is set to the calibration value 98% and output, after the calibration value 98% lasts for 1 minute, the SOC value is set to 100%, or the voltage of any single battery in the battery pack is greater than the second voltage threshold 3.7V, the SOC value is directly set to 100%. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing specific values are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention thereto
The method for measuring and calculating the state of charge of the battery provided by the embodiment increases the electric quantity consumed by a weak electric system of an electrical appliance such as a vehicle where the battery pack is located, or the electric quantity consumed by the weak electric system of the battery pack, and the electric quantity consumed by the BMS, and adds an additional condition of arranging a hundred at the tail end at the charging tail end, so that the battery pack jumps more smoothly at the charging tail end SOC, and the phenomenon of jump-type sudden change of the SOC is reduced, wherein the SOC of the battery pack can be correctly judged by combining an ampere-hour integration method and an open-circuit voltage method and adding the additional condition of arranging the hundred at the tail end.
Example two
The present embodiment provides a battery pack, and the battery state of charge of the battery pack is measured by the battery state of charge measuring and calculating method described in the first embodiment.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides a vehicle, which includes the battery pack of the second embodiment, or the battery pack thereof is measured by the method for measuring battery state of charge of the first embodiment. The vehicle may be a plurality of vehicles powered by lithium iron phosphate batteries, such as an electric motorcycle, an electric scooter, a golf cart, and an electric vehicle, and is not limited herein.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for measuring and calculating the battery power state is characterized in that the method is used for measuring and calculating the battery power state when a battery pack is charged or discharged, and comprises the following steps:
obtaining the remaining capacity Q of the battery pack at a certain momentt1According to the remaining capacity Q of the battery packt1Calculating the residual electric quantity Q of the battery pack at the current momentt2The certain time is earlier than the current time, specifically, the remaining capacity Q of the battery pack at the current timet2The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein Q ist3The amount of electricity consumed by the weak current system from a certain moment to the current moment, Qt4The amount of power consumed by the BMS from a certain time to the current time,
the electric quantity charged or discharged by the battery pack from a certain moment to the current moment;
acquiring the capacity of the battery pack based on the SOH state value of the battery pack;
according to the residual electric quantity Q of the battery pack at the current momentt2Calculating the capacity of the battery pack to obtain the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment;
and if the battery pack is in a discharging state, outputting the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment, if the battery pack is in a charging state, calibrating the charging terminal according to the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment, and outputting the calibrated SOC value.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the calibrating the charging terminal is performed according to the SOC value of the battery pack at the current time, and the outputting the calibrated SOC value comprises:
setting a calibration threshold;
judging whether the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment reaches a calibration threshold value, if not, outputting the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment, if so, acquiring the voltages of any two batteries in the battery pack, if the voltages of any two batteries are greater than a first voltage threshold value, setting the SOC value of the battery pack at the current moment as a calibration value and outputting the calibration value, and after the calibration value lasts for a preset time, setting the SOC value at hundreds.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein if the voltage of any single battery in the battery pack is greater than the second voltage threshold, the SOC value is directly set to one hundred.
4. The battery state of charge estimation method according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the SOC value of the battery pack at the current time is calculated by the following formula:
5. the method of claim 1, wherein i (t) > 0 is used to charge the battery pack, and i (t) < 0 is used to discharge the battery pack.
6. The battery state of charge estimation method of claim 1, wherein battery charging includesCharging in the system and charging out of the system, i (t) < 0 and Qt30, when charging in the system, i (t) > 0, Qt3The amount of power consumed by the weak current system.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the battery state of charge is calculated,
8. A battery pack, wherein the battery state of charge of the battery pack is measured by the battery state of charge measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A vehicle characterized in that it comprises the battery pack of claim 8.
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| CN113156319B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2023-12-05 | 北京骑胜科技有限公司 | Residual electric quantity determining method, device, vehicle, medium and program product |
| CN113060047B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2023-04-07 | 雅迪科技集团有限公司 | Electric vehicle battery monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN116500475B (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-11-10 | 江苏果下科技有限公司 | Energy storage acquisition method and system with real-time SOC correction compensation |
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