CN111536521A - High-temperature plasma organism disposal shelter and disposal method - Google Patents
High-temperature plasma organism disposal shelter and disposal method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111536521A CN111536521A CN202010491497.7A CN202010491497A CN111536521A CN 111536521 A CN111536521 A CN 111536521A CN 202010491497 A CN202010491497 A CN 202010491497A CN 111536521 A CN111536521 A CN 111536521A
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
- F23J1/06—Mechanically-operated devices, e.g. clinker pushers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature plasma organism disposal shelter and a disposal method, comprising a cabin body and a disposal system, wherein the cabin body is provided with a disposal area; the disposal system comprises a plasma gasification melting furnace used for carrying out gasification decomposition treatment on organisms, a slag dragging device is arranged at a slag discharging port of the plasma gasification melting furnace, and a flue gas outlet of the plasma gasification melting furnace is sequentially connected with a secondary combustion chamber section, a quenching deacidification tower, a dust remover, a hydroxyl generator and a chimney; according to the invention, the biomass is gasified and decomposed in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere, and dioxin is not generated in the gasification and decomposition process; through setting up two combustion chamber sections, rapid cooling deacidification tower, dust remover and hydroxyl generator, realized carrying out the processing of deacidification, denitrogenation and salinity to the flue gas that the gasification decomposition produced, avoided secondary pollution, realized the complete innocent treatment of organism, the volume reduction effect is showing, and innocent treatment is thorough, and the organic matter burns the rate higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of harmless treatment of organisms, and particularly relates to a high-temperature plasma organism treatment shelter and a treatment method.
Background
In recent years, infectious diseases in livestock/poultry industry, such as swine fever, mad cow disease, avian influenza and the like, frequently occur, so that practitioners suffer from huge economic losses, and some infectious diseases can even threaten the life safety of human beings.
In the process of epidemic transmission, the biological corpses of infected animals and the like are one of main infection sources, and how to properly dispose the epidemic organisms including the epidemic human corpses is also the key for controlling the epidemic transmission and reducing the economic loss.
At present, the main methods for disposing of organisms include incineration, chemical preparation, burial, and fermentation, among which only incineration can achieve the killing of pathogens; however, the water content of organisms is extremely high, the conventional peroxide burning method is difficult to realize full combustion, and the problems of generation of secondary harmful substances, standard exceeding of particulate matters in smoke and the like exist in the disposal process, so that serious secondary pollution is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-temperature plasma organism disposal shelter and a disposal method, which are used for solving the technical problems that secondary harmful substances are generated and particulate matters in smoke exceed the standard in the organism disposal process in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a high-temperature plasma organism treatment shelter which comprises a cabin body and a treatment system, wherein the cabin body is a cuboid shelter, a treatment area is arranged in the cabin body, and the treatment system is arranged in the treatment area of the cabin body;
the disposal system comprises a plasma gasification melting furnace, a slag dragging device, a secondary combustion chamber section, an air compressor, a quenching deacidification tower, a dust remover, a hydroxyl generator and a chimney;
the plasma gasification melting furnace is used for carrying out plasma gasification decomposition treatment on organisms, the slag dragging device is arranged at a slag discharging port of the plasma gasification melting furnace, and a flue gas outlet of the plasma gasification melting furnace is connected with a flue gas inlet of the secondary combustion chamber section; the flue gas outlet of the second combustion chamber section is connected with the flue gas inlet of the quenching deacidification tower, and the air inlet of the second combustion chamber section is connected with the outlet of the air compressor; the flue gas outlet of the quenching deacidification tower is connected with the flue gas inlet of the dust remover, the flue gas outlet of the dust remover is connected with the flue gas inlet of the hydroxyl generator, and the flue gas outlet of the hydroxyl generator is connected with the chimney.
Further, the treatment system further comprises an air arc plasma torch arranged on the plasma gasification melting furnace and used for providing plasma jet; the air inlet of the air arc plasma torch is connected to the outlet of the air compressor.
Furthermore, the number of the air arc plasma torches is two, and the air arc plasma torches are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the plasma gasification melting furnace; one of the air arc plasma torches is arranged at the bottom middle position of the plasma gasification melting furnace, and the other air arc plasma torch is arranged at the rear side position in the bottom of the plasma gasification melting furnace.
Furthermore, the disposal system also comprises a water chilling unit and a cooling water tank, wherein the cooling water tank is used for loading deionized water; the cooling water tank comprises a first path of water inlet, a first path of water outlet, a second path of water inlet and a second path of water outlet, the first path of water outlet is connected with a cooling water inlet pipeline of the air arc plasma torch, and the first path of water inlet is connected with a water outlet pipeline of the air arc plasma torch; the second path of water inlet is connected with a cooling water outlet of the water chilling unit, and the second path of water outlet is connected with a water inlet of the water chilling unit.
Furthermore, the disposal system also comprises a lifting machine which is arranged at the feed inlet of the plasma gasification melting furnace and used for lifting and placing the organisms to be treated into the plasma gasification melting furnace.
Furthermore, the disposal system also comprises an induced draft fan, the induced draft fan is arranged between the hydroxyl generator and the chimney, one end of the induced draft fan is connected with the hydroxyl generator, and the other end of the induced draft fan is connected with the chimney.
Furthermore, the disposal system also comprises a burner, an oil storage tank and an alkali liquor storage tank, wherein the outlet of the burner is connected with the tail end port of the plasma gasification melting furnace, and the oil outlet of the oil storage tank is connected with the oil inlet of the burner; the alkali liquor storage tank is used for storing alkali liquor, and the outlet end of the alkali liquor storage tank is connected with the quenching deacidification tower.
Further, a control area is also arranged in the cabin body; the control area is an independent space and is provided with a heat-insulating wall surface; a control system is arranged in the control area; the control system comprises a power distribution cabinet, a control cabinet and a control console, wherein the power distribution cabinet is connected with an external power supply and is respectively connected with the disposal system, the control cabinet and the control console; one end of the control cabinet is connected with the disposal system, and the other end of the control cabinet is connected with the control console.
Further, the system also comprises a control area air conditioning system which is used for improving and adjusting the air environment of the control area; the control area air conditioning system comprises an air conditioner internal unit and an air conditioner external unit, wherein the air conditioner internal unit is arranged in the control area, and the air conditioner external unit is arranged in the disposal area.
The invention provides a high-temperature plasma organism treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
starting the plasma gasification melting furnace to raise the temperature of the plasma gasification melting furnace to over 1200 ℃;
putting the organism to be treated into a plasma gasification melting furnace, and carrying out plasma gasification melting reaction to obtain inorganic matter molten slurry and micromolecular gas; wherein the small molecule gas is CO or H2And CH4One or more of;
performing water quenching recovery on the inorganic matter molten slurry by adopting a slag dragging device;
the micromolecule gas passes through the second combustion chamber section to be combusted secondarily, so that high-temperature flue gas is obtained;
after the high-temperature flue gas is subjected to quenching deacidification treatment, dedusting treatment and denitrification treatment in sequence, clean tail gas is obtained and is discharged through a chimney.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a high-temperature plasma organism disposal shelter, which utilizes a plasma gasification melting furnace to carry out plasma gasification melting reaction on organisms, the plasma gasification melting reaction process does not depend on free radicals, and the organisms can be effectively decomposed without generating dioxin; the water in the organism can be evaporated rapidly, and inorganic substances such as bone substances and the like are recovered by the slag dragging device after being melted, so that the secondary pollution of fly ash is avoided; through the arrangement of the second combustion chamber section, the quenching deacidification tower, the dust remover and the hydroxyl generator, the flue gas generated by gasification and melting is subjected to deacidification, denitrification and salinity treatment, secondary pollution is avoided, complete harmless treatment of organisms is realized, the volume reduction effect is obvious, the harmless treatment is thorough, and the organic matter burning rate is high; by arranging the treatment system in the cabin, mobile treatment is satisfied.
Furthermore, the air arc plasma torch is used for providing high-temperature high-speed plasma jet flow, so that the high-energy-density high-temperature reducing atmosphere is formed in the plasma gasification melting furnace, harmful substances such as dioxin are prevented from being generated, and meanwhile, a large number of high-energy particles and reaction groups are provided, so that organic matters in organisms are rapidly decomposed into CO and CH under the high-energy-density high-temperature reducing atmosphere4And H2The plasma gasification melting rate of the organism is effectively improved by the micromolecular gas, and the plasma gasification melting decomposition efficiency is higher; by adopting the air arc plasma torch, the complexity of the air supply system is greatly simplified, and the volume of the whole treatment system is effectively reduced.
Furthermore, two air arc plasma torches are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the plasma gasification melting furnace, so that the uniform distribution of the ultrahigh-temperature environment in the plasma gasification melting furnace is realized, the rapid and efficient gasification decomposition of organisms is improved, and harmful substances such as dioxin and the like generated due to overlarge local temperature gradient are avoided.
Furthermore, by arranging the cooling water tank and the water chilling unit, heat exchange is carried out on the air arc plasma torch by adopting cooling water, and stable high-temperature and high-speed plasma jet flow output by the air arc plasma torch is ensured.
Furthermore, the lifting machine is arranged at the feed inlet of the plasma gasification melting furnace, so that the mechanized transfer of the organisms to be treated is realized, the direct contact of operators with the organisms to be treated is reduced, and the safety is higher.
Furthermore, through setting up the draught fan, for processing system and process flow provide aerodynamic, ensured the negative pressure environment of processing system, avoided the processing process by the revealing of handling thing and pollutant, avoided causing the possibility of personnel's infection, effectively prevented simultaneously that the plasma gasifies the danger that the interior pressure of melting furnace is too high and produces the explosion.
Furthermore, the burner is adopted to provide low energy density heat for the initial stage of the baking of the plasma gasification melting furnace, or provide partial energy when the processing amount of organisms to be processed is larger or the heat value of processed objects is lower, thereby realizing the auxiliary energy supply for the plasma gasification melting furnace.
Furthermore, the power distribution cabinet, the control console and the plasma torch power cabinet are arranged in the control area with an independent space, so that the electric equipment can be prevented from being damaged due to weather; meanwhile, an air conditioning system is arranged in the control area, so that the temperature and the humidity of the environment in the control area can be adjusted, and the comfortable working environment of electrical equipment and personnel can be ensured.
The invention also provides a high-temperature plasma organism disposal method, which forms a high-energy density high-temperature reducing atmosphere with the temperature of more than 1200 ℃ in the plasma gasification melting furnace, realizes the complete plasma gasification melting decomposition of the organism to be treated, and avoids the generation of dioxin because the gasification melting decomposition process does not depend on free radicals; the inorganic matter molten slurry after gasification, melting and decomposition is subjected to water quenching recovery, so that secondary pollution of fly ash is avoided; carrying out secondary combustion on the gasified, melted and decomposed small molecular gas to form high-temperature flue gas; the high-temperature flue gas is subjected to quenching deacidification treatment, dedusting treatment and denitrification treatment in sequence to obtain clean tail gas, so that the salt in the organism is concentrated and collected after high-temperature sublimation, secondary pollution is avoided in the whole process, the completely harmless treatment of toxic and harmful substances is realized, and the burning rate of organic matters is up to more than 99.99%.
In conclusion, the invention provides a high-temperature plasma organism treatment shelter and a treatment method, which adopt a high-temperature high-speed arc plasma technology and have the characteristics of high treatment temperature, high reaction speed and high harmless degree; the oxygen-deficient treatment atmosphere can be realized, and the problems that the existing treatment process is not thorough in harmlessness and is easy to generate secondary pollution are effectively solved; can meet the requirement of on-site disposal, and avoid the virus diffusion risk in the organism transportation process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a biological treatment shelter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the organism handling shelter of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the front left side of the treatment area in the treatment shelter for biological material according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the left rear side of the treatment area in the treatment shelter for biological material according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the right front side structure of the treatment area in the biological treatment shelter according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1 cabin body, 2 disposal system, 3 control system, 4 control area air conditioning system; 11 treatment zone, 12 control zone; 21 lifter, 22 plasma gasification melting furnace, 23 air arc plasma torch, 24 slag removing device, 25 second combustion chamber section, 26 air compressor, 27 surge tank, 28 quenching deacidification tower, 29 dust remover, 210 hydroxyl generator, 211 chimney, 212 burner, 213 oil storage tank, 214 water chiller, 215 cooling water tank, 216 alkali liquor storage tank and 217 draught fan; 31 power distribution cabinet, 32 control cabinet, 33 control console and 34 plasma torch power supply; 41 air-conditioning indoor unit and 42 air-conditioning outdoor unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a high temperature plasma organism treatment shelter, which comprises a cabin body 1, a treatment system 2, a control system 3 and a control area air conditioning system 4; the cabin body 1 is a cuboid-shaped shelter, and a top plate and side plates of the shelter are detachably connected; the treatment room 1 is provided with a treatment area 11 and a control area 12, the treatment system 2 is arranged in the treatment area 11 of the room 1, and the control system 3 is arranged in the control area 12 of the room 1; the treatment system 2 is used for carrying out innocent treatment on organisms, and the control system 3 is connected with the treatment system 2 and is used for monitoring and controlling the treatment system 2; the control area 12 is an independent space, and the control area 12 is provided with a heat-insulating wall; the control zone air conditioning system 4 is used to condition the air environment of the control zone 12.
The disposal system 2 comprises a lifting machine 21, a plasma gasification melting furnace 22, an air arc plasma torch 23, a slag dragging device 24, a secondary combustion chamber section 25, an air compressor 26, a pressure stabilizing tank 27, a quenching deacidification tower 28, a dust remover 29, a hydroxyl generator 210, a chimney 211, a burner 212, an oil storage tank 213, a water chilling unit 214, a cooling water tank 215, a lye storage tank 216 and an induced draft fan 217.
The plasma gasification melting furnace 22 is used for carrying out gasification melting decomposition treatment on the organism, the plasma gasification melting furnace 22 is obliquely arranged, a feeding hole of the plasma gasification melting furnace 22 is arranged upwards, and a discharging hole is arranged downwards, so that the organism to be treated can slide into the plasma gasification melting furnace 22 slowly, and inorganic matter molten slurry after gasification melting decomposition is discharged from the discharging hole smoothly; the lifting machine 21 is arranged at a feed inlet of the plasma gasification melting furnace 22 and used for lifting the organism to be treated and putting the organism into the plasma gasification melting furnace 22; an air arc plasma torch 23 is provided on the plasma gasification melting furnace 22 for providing a high-temperature high-speed plasma jet; the air inlet of the air arc plasma torch 23 is connected to an air compressor 26.
The slag dragging device 24 is arranged at a slag discharge hole of the plasma gasification melting furnace 22, a smoke outlet of the plasma gasification melting furnace 22 is connected with a smoke inlet of the secondary combustion chamber section 25, and the secondary combustion chamber section 25 is arranged, so that the space of an upper combustion area of the plasma gasification melting furnace is expanded, the secondary combustion of a processed object and small molecular gas generated by gasification, melting and decomposition is ensured, and the structural size of the plasma gasification melting furnace 22 is effectively reduced; the flue gas outlet of the second combustion chamber section 25 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the quenching deacidification tower 28, and the air inlet of the second combustion chamber section 25 is connected with the air compressor 26; the flue gas outlet of the quenching deacidification tower 28 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the dust remover 29, the flue gas outlet of the dust remover 29 is connected with the flue gas inlet of the hydroxyl generator 210, and the flue gas outlet of the hydroxyl generator 210 is connected with the chimney 211.
The air compressor 26 is used for providing air for the air arc plasma torch 23 and the second combustion chamber section 25, the outlet of the air compressor 26 is connected with the inlet of the surge tank 27, the surge tank 27 is used for stabilizing the pressure of the compressed air generated by the air compressor 26, the first outlet of the surge tank 27 is connected with the air inlet of the air arc plasma 22, and the second outlet of the surge tank 27 is connected with the air inlet of the second combustion chamber section 25.
The burner 212 is arranged on the plasma gasification melting furnace 22, the outlet of the burner 212 is connected with the tail end port of the plasma gasification melting furnace 22, and the burner 212 is used for providing low energy density heat for the initial stage of baking the plasma gasification melting furnace 22, or providing partial energy when the treatment capacity of organisms to be treated is larger or the heat value of the treated object is lower, so that auxiliary energy supply to the plasma gasification melting furnace 22 is realized; an oil inlet of the combustor 212 is connected with an oil outlet of the oil storage tank 213, and the oil storage tank 213 is used for storing fuel oil.
The cooling water tank 215 is used for loading deionized water, and the cooling water tank 215 comprises a first water inlet, a first water outlet, a second water inlet and a second water outlet; the first water outlet is connected with a cooling water inlet pipeline of the air arc plasma torch 23, and the first water inlet is connected with a water outlet pipeline of the air arc plasma torch 23; the second path of water inlet is connected with a cooling water outlet of the water chilling unit 214, and the second path of water outlet is connected with a water inlet of the water chilling unit 214; the water chilling unit 214 is used for cooling the deionized water, reducing the temperature of the water after heat exchange to a proper temperature, and introducing cooling water into the air arc plasma torch 23 through the cooling water tank 215 for heat exchange, so as to ensure that the air arc plasma torch 23 keeps a proper working temperature.
The lye storage tank 216 is used for storing lye, and the outlet end of the lye storage tank 216 is connected with the quenching deacidification tower 28.
The induced draft fan 217 is arranged between the hydroxyl generator 210 and the chimney 211, one end of the induced draft fan 217 is connected with the hydroxyl generator 210, and the other end of the induced draft fan 217 is connected with the chimney 211.
The control system 3 comprises a power distribution cabinet 31, a control cabinet 32, a control console 33 and a plasma torch power supply 34, the power distribution cabinet 31 is connected with an external power supply, the power distribution cabinet 31 is respectively connected with the treatment system 2, the control cabinet 32 and the control console 33, one end of the control cabinet 32 is connected with the treatment system 2, and the other end of the control cabinet 32 is connected with the control console 33; one end of the plasma torch power supply 34 is connected with the power distribution cabinet 31, the other end is connected with the air arc plasma torch 23, and the plasma torch power supply 34 is used for converting electric energy output by the power distribution cabinet into an electric energy form required by the air arc plasma torch.
The control cabinet 32 is connected to each device and instrument in the treatment system 2, and is configured to control and monitor a treatment operation state of each device and instrument in the treatment system 2, and the console 33 is connected to the control cabinet 32 and is configured to manually observe the operation state and input an operation instruction to the control cabinet 32.
The control area air conditioning system 4 comprises an air conditioner internal unit 41 and an air conditioner external unit 42, wherein the air conditioner internal unit 41 is installed in the control area 12, and the air conditioner external unit 42 is installed in the disposal area 11 and is used for improving and adjusting the air environment of the control area; the air conditioner internal unit 41 is used for regulating and controlling the temperature and humidity of the control area to ensure that electrical equipment and personnel are in a proper air environment, the air conditioner external unit 42 is arranged on the outer side of the heat preservation wall surface of the control area 12, and the air conditioner external unit 42 is arranged above the induced draft fan.
The invention also provides a high-temperature plasma organism treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
the treatment shelter is transported to a place needing to be treated, a top plate and a side plate of the shelter body are removed, an external power supply cable, a water supply pipe and a water drainage pipe are connected, system detection is carried out, and preparation work is completed;
in the starting-up stage, a draught fan is started to provide aerodynamic force and a negative pressure environment for the disposal system;
a burner is adopted to provide heat energy, the plasma gasification melting furnace is dried, and the temperature in the plasma gasification melting furnace is raised to 800 +/-50 ℃;
starting the air arc plasma torch and the plasma gasification melting furnace to raise the temperature in the plasma gasification melting furnace to over 1200 ℃, and completing the preparation work before treatment;
placing an organism to be treated on a lifting machine, lifting the organism to be treated to a feed inlet of a plasma gasification melting furnace through the lifting machine, sliding the organism to be treated into the plasma gasification melting furnace through rotating a lifting flat plate of the lifting machine, and carrying out plasma gasification decomposition reaction to obtain inorganic matter molten slurry and micromolecular gas; wherein the small molecule gas is CO or H2And CH4The specific plasma gasification decomposition reaction comprises ① the gasification decomposition of organism into CO and H2、CH 4② inorganic matters such as bone matters are melted at the bottom of the gasification melting furnace to form inorganic matter molten slurry and are discharged out of the plasma gasification melting furnace through a slag discharge port;
performing water quenching recovery on the inorganic matter molten slurry by adopting a slag dragging device;
the micromolecule gas enters the upper part and the second combustion chamber section of the plasma gasification melting furnace, and is mixed with compressed air generated by an air compressor for secondary combustion to obtain high-temperature flue gas, wherein the high-temperature flue gas is about 1000 ℃ flue gas and is formed by water vapor and CO2Mainly comprises the following steps of;
the high-temperature flue gas enters a quenching deacidification tower, and alkali liquor is sprayed out by an alkali liquor spray head on the quenching deacidification tower through quenching deacidification treatment, so that two functions are realized: firstly, rapidly reducing the temperature of high-temperature flue gas from 1000 ℃ to about 200 ℃ and avoiding a dioxin composite interval; secondly, alkali liquor reacts with a small amount of acid gas to remove the acid gas;
the flue gas after quenching and deacidification enters a bag-type dust remover to remove dust mixed in the flue gas;
the flue gas after dust removal enters a hydroxyl generator to remove residual organic matters with a small amount of odor and nitric oxides; and (4) obtaining clean tail gas, and sending the clean tail gas into a chimney through a draught fan to discharge the clean tail gas.
The high-temperature plasma organism disposal shelter and the disposal method can be used for harmless treatment of various organisms in epidemic situation outbreak or wartime, the volume reduction rate is ultrahigh, and the volume reduction rate of the organisms can reach more than 95%; the disposal system has dual functions of high temperature and high activity, and has fast gasification, fusion and decomposition to organisms and fast processing speed; the bone can be directly melted and treated in the ultrahigh-temperature environment of the plasma gasification melting furnace, so that cleaning in a secondary furnace is avoided; the gasification, melting and decomposition process can gasify the macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular gas without generating dense smoke and peculiar smell; the characteristics of high speed, high volume reduction rate, no bone residue and zero pollution of organism treatment by the high-temperature plasma gasification melting technology are fully exerted; at the same time, mobile handling capacity is met.
Examples
The embodiment provides a high-temperature plasma organism treatment shelter, which comprises a shelter body, a treatment system, a control system and a control area air conditioning system; the cabin body adopts 45 'HC container, and 45' HC container's roof and curb plate all adopt the detachable connection, and 45' HC container overall dimension is: length × width × height 13500mm × 2400mm × 3000 mm; the cabin body is provided with a disposal area and a control area which are arranged in a separated way; the disposal area is mainly used for placing disposal equipment and other auxiliary equipment; the control area is in a room form, a cuboid heat-insulation outer wall is arranged in the control area, an independent room isolated from the outside is formed, electric equipment and control equipment are mainly placed, and meanwhile, the work and rest area of an operator is provided.
In this embodiment, the disposal system is installed in the disposal area of the cabin, the control system is disposed in the control area of the cabin, the disposal system is used for performing harmless treatment on organisms, and the control system is connected with the disposal system and is used for performing real-time monitoring control on the disposal system; the control area air conditioning system is installed in the control area for adjusting an air environment of the control area.
The disposal system comprises a lifting machine, a plasma gasification melting furnace, two air arc plasma torches, a slag fishing device, a secondary combustion chamber section, an air compressor, a surge tank, a quenching deacidification tower, a bag-type dust remover, a hydroxyl generator, a chimney, a diesel combustor, a diesel oil storage tank, a water chilling unit, a cooling water tank, an alkali liquor storage tank and a draught fan.
The plasma gasification melting furnace is used for carrying out plasma gasification melting decomposition treatment on the organism, the plasma gasification melting furnace is obliquely arranged, the organism to be treated is obliquely slid into the plasma gasification melting furnace through the lifting machine, and the feeding mode avoids the risk of refractory material fragmentation caused by the heavy weight of the organism.
The lifting machine is arranged at a feed inlet of the plasma gasification melting furnace and used for lifting the organisms to be treated and putting the organisms into the plasma gasification melting furnace; the two air arc plasma torches are respectively and symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the plasma gasification melting furnace and are used for providing high-temperature and high-speed plasma jet; one air arc plasma torch is arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the plasma gasification melting furnace, and the other air arc plasma torch is arranged at the rear side position in the bottom of the plasma gasification melting furnace; the air inlet of the air arc plasma torch is connected with the outlet of the air compressor; the heat source is arranged in the lower area of the furnace body of the plasma gasification melting furnace, so that the automatic sectional treatment of the organisms with longer length can be realized, namely, after the lower parts of the organisms are melted, the upper parts of the organisms automatically slide to the lower parts of the furnace body under the action of self weight to be melted, and compared with the simultaneous treatment in the whole section, the quantity of the heat source and the system power consumption are reduced.
The air arc plasma torch is used for providing high-temperature high-speed plasma jet, and a high-energy-density high-temperature reducing atmosphere with the temperature of 1200-1600 ℃ can be formed in the plasma gasification melting furnace in the treatment process; the slag dragging device is arranged below the plasma gasification melting furnace, a feed inlet of the slag dragging device is connected with a slag discharge port of the plasma gasification melting furnace, and the slag dragging device is used for performing water quenching collection on inorganic slag.
The flue gas outlet of the plasma gasification melting furnace is connected with the flue gas inlet of the second combustion chamber section, the flue gas outlet of the second combustion chamber section is connected with the flue gas inlet of the quenching deacidification tower, and the air inlet of the second combustion chamber section is connected with an air compressor; the flue gas outlet of the quenching deacidification tower is connected with the flue gas inlet of the bag-type dust remover, the flue gas outlet of the bag-type dust remover is connected with the flue gas inlet of the hydroxyl generator, and the flue gas outlet of the hydroxyl generator is connected with the chimney.
The air compressor is used for providing air for the air arc plasma torch and the second combustion chamber section, the outlet of the air compressor is connected with the inlet of the surge tank, the surge tank is used for stabilizing the pressure of the compressed air generated by the air compressor, the first outlet of the surge tank is connected with the air inlet of the air arc plasma, and the second outlet of the surge tank is connected with the air inlet of the second combustion chamber section.
The diesel combustion engine is arranged on the plasma gasification melting furnace, an outlet of the diesel combustion engine is connected with a tail port of the plasma gasification melting furnace, and the diesel combustion engine is used for providing low-energy-density heat for the initial stage of baking the plasma gasification melting furnace, or providing partial energy when the treatment capacity of organisms to be treated is large or the heat value of a treated object is low, so that auxiliary energy supply to the plasma gasification melting furnace is realized; an oil inlet of the diesel oil burner is connected with an oil outlet of the diesel oil storage tank.
The cooling water tank is used for loading deionized water and comprises a first path of water inlet, a first path of water outlet, a second path of water inlet and a second path of water outlet; the first water outlet is connected with a cooling water inlet pipeline of the air arc plasma torch, and the first water inlet is connected with a water outlet pipeline of the air arc plasma torch; the second path of water inlet is connected with a cooling water outlet of the water chilling unit, and the second path of water outlet is connected with a water inlet of the water chilling unit.
The alkali liquor storage tank is used for storing alkali liquor, and the outlet end of the alkali liquor storage tank is connected with the quenching deacidification tower; the process liquid of the quenching deacidification tower adopts double-path supply, can be freely switched between alkali liquor and clear water, and selects a 'quenching only' or 'quenching and deacidifying' working mode according to the characteristics of the treated object.
The induced draft fan is arranged between the hydroxyl generator and the chimney, one end of the induced draft fan is connected with the hydroxyl generator, and the other end of the induced draft fan is connected with the chimney.
The control system comprises a power distribution cabinet, a control console and a plasma torch power supply, wherein the power distribution cabinet is connected with an external power supply, the power distribution cabinet is respectively connected with the treatment system, the control cabinet and the control console, one end of the control cabinet is connected with the treatment system, and the other end of the control cabinet is connected with the control console; one end of the plasma torch power supply is connected with the power distribution cabinet, the other end of the plasma torch power supply is connected with the air arc plasma torch, and the plasma torch power supply is used for converting electric energy output by the power distribution cabinet into an electric energy form required by the air arc plasma torch.
The control area air conditioning system comprises an air conditioner internal unit and an air conditioner external unit, wherein the air conditioner internal unit is arranged in the control area, and the air conditioner external unit is arranged in the disposal area and is used for improving and adjusting the air environment of the control area.
The embodiment also provides a high-temperature plasma organism treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the treatment shelter is transported to a place needing to be treated, after the outer vertical surface and the top surface of the shelter body are removed, an external power supply cable, a water supply pipe and a water drainage pipe are connected, necessary detection is carried out, and the preparation work is completed;
(2) starting the plasma gasification melting furnace, and opening the induced draft fan to provide aerodynamic force and a negative pressure environment for the disposal system in a starting-up stage;
(3) providing heat energy by a diesel oil burner to dry the plasma gasification furnace, and raising the temperature in the gasification furnace to 800 +/-50 ℃; (ii) a
(4) Starting 2 air arc plasma torches, raising the temperature in the plasma gasification melting furnace to over 1200 ℃, and completing preparation work before treatment;
(5) placing the organism on the plane of a lifting machine, lifting the organism by the lifting machine, rotating the lifting machine to enable a lifting platform to incline, and sliding the organism into a plasma gasification melting furnace;
(6) the biomass is subjected to gasification decomposition reaction in a plasma gasification melting furnace, specifically the gasification decomposition of ① organism into CO and H2、CH4When the small molecular gas is mixed with water, the water is quickly evaporated into water vapour, and the water vapour is moved upwards to the smoke outlet of plasma gasification melting furnace under the action of draught fan, ② no-bone substance is containedThe organic matter is melted at the bottom of the plasma gasification melting furnace to form inorganic matter molten slurry, and the inorganic matter molten slurry is discharged through a slag discharge port of the plasma gasification melting furnace;
(7) the inorganic matter molten slurry is discharged from a slag discharge port and then enters a slag dragging device for water quenching recovery;
(8) the small molecule gas enters the second combustion chamber section through a flue gas outlet at the upper part of the plasma gasification melting furnace, and is subjected to secondary combustion with compressed air generated by an air compressor in the second combustion chamber section to form steam and CO2Mainly high-temperature flue gas at about 1000 ℃;
(9) the alkali liquor in the alkali liquor storage tank is sprayed into the rapid cooling deacidification tower through a spray head of the rapid cooling deacidification tower, and after high-temperature flue gas enters the rapid cooling deacidification tower, rapid cooling and deacidification treatment are realized; specifically, firstly, the high-temperature flue gas is quickly reduced from 1000 ℃ to 200 ℃ to avoid a dioxin compounding interval; secondly, reacting the alkali liquor with a small amount of acid gas to remove acid in the flue gas;
(10) the flue gas after quenching and deacidification enters a bag-type dust remover to remove dust and salt contained in the flue gas;
(11) the flue gas after dust removal enters a hydroxyl generator to remove residual organic matters with a small amount of odor and nitrogen oxides, so that the denitrification of the flue gas is realized, and clean tail gas is obtained;
(12) the clean tail gas is sent into a chimney through a draught fan and is discharged.
In the embodiment, a 45' HC container is used as a cabin body, the total weight of the handling square cabin is about 35 tons, the installed power is not more than 500kW, and an external water power supply is adopted. The state of the shelter is maintained during the moving and transporting process, and after the shelter arrives at a processing place, the vertical surfaces and the top plates of the shelter except the bottom plate are removed for organism processing. The embodiment relies on a high-temperature plasma gasification melting technology, and fine design and reasonable layout are carried out according to the characteristics of organisms; the arrangement of all equipment, auxiliary devices, power devices and measurement and control devices of a high-temperature plasma organism harmless treatment system is realized in a 45' HC container, so that the container is convenient to move in various modes such as air transportation, shipping or vehicle-mounted; the organism to be treated is obliquely slid into the plasma gasification melting furnace by adopting the lifting machine, and the feeding mode avoids the risk of refractory material fragmentation caused by the heavy weight of the organism.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any structural changes, improvements, modifications, etc. made without departing from the principle of the present invention are deemed to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-temperature plasma organism treatment shelter is characterized by comprising a cabin body (1) and a treatment system (2), wherein the cabin body (1) is a cuboid-shaped shelter, a treatment area (11) is arranged in the cabin body (1), and the treatment system (2) is arranged in the treatment area (11) of the cabin body (1);
the disposal system (2) comprises a plasma gasification melting furnace (22), a slag dragging device (24), a secondary combustion chamber section (25), an air compressor (26), a quenching deacidification tower (28), a dust remover (29), a hydroxyl generator (210) and a chimney (211);
the plasma gasification melting furnace (22) is used for carrying out plasma gasification decomposition treatment on organisms, the slag dragging device (24) is arranged at a slag discharging port of the plasma gasification melting furnace (22), and a flue gas outlet of the plasma gasification melting furnace (22) is connected with a flue gas inlet of the secondary combustion chamber section (25); a flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber section (25) is connected with a flue gas inlet of the quenching deacidification tower (28), and an air inlet of the secondary combustion chamber section (25) is connected with an outlet of an air compressor (26); the flue gas outlet of the quenching deacidification tower (28) is connected with the flue gas inlet of the dust remover (29), the flue gas outlet of the dust remover (29) is connected with the flue gas inlet of the hydroxyl generator (210), and the flue gas outlet of the hydroxyl generator (210) is connected with the chimney (211).
2. A high temperature plasma organism treatment shelter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the treatment system (2) further comprises an air arc plasma torch (23), the air arc plasma torch (23) being disposed on the plasma gasification melter (22) for providing a plasma jet; the air inlet of the air arc plasma torch (23) is connected to the outlet of an air compressor (26).
3. A high temperature plasma organism treatment shelter as claimed in claim 2 wherein the number of air arc plasma torches (23) is two and is distributed symmetrically along the axis of the plasma gasification melting furnace (22); one of the air arc plasma torches (23) is provided at a bottom middle position of the plasma gasification melting furnace (22), and the other air arc plasma torch (23) is provided at a rear side position in the bottom of the plasma gasification melting furnace.
4. A hpps shelter as claimed in claim 2, wherein the disposal system (2) further comprises a water chiller (214) and a cooling water tank (215), the cooling water tank (215) being used for loading deionized water; the cooling water tank (215) comprises a first water inlet, a first water outlet, a second water inlet and a second water outlet, the first water outlet is connected with a cooling water inlet pipeline of the air arc plasma torch (23), and the first water inlet is connected with a water outlet pipeline of the air arc plasma torch (23); the second path of water inlet is connected with a cooling water outlet of the water chilling unit (214), and the second path of water outlet is connected with a water inlet of the water chilling unit (214).
5. A high temperature plasma organism treatment shelter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the treatment system (2) further comprises a lifter (21), the lifter (21) being arranged at the feed inlet of the plasma gasification melting furnace (22) for lifting and placing the organism to be treated into the plasma gasification melting furnace (22).
6. A high temperature plasma organism treatment shelter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the treatment system (2) further comprises an induced draft fan (217), the induced draft fan (217) is arranged between the hydroxyl generator (210) and the chimney (211), one end of the induced draft fan (217) is connected with the hydroxyl generator (210) and the other end is connected with the chimney (211).
7. A high temperature plasma organism disposal shelter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the disposal system (2) further comprises a burner (212), an oil storage tank (213) and a lye storage tank (216), the outlet of the burner (212) is connected with the tail end port of the plasma gasification melting furnace (22), the oil outlet of the oil storage tank (213) is connected with the oil inlet of the burner (212); the alkali liquor storage tank (216) is used for storing alkali liquor, and the outlet end of the alkali liquor storage tank (216) is connected with the quenching deacidification tower (28).
8. A high temperature plasma organism treatment shelter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the shelter (1) further comprises a control zone (12); the control area (12) is an independent space, and the control area (12) is provided with a heat-insulating wall surface; a control system (3) is arranged in the control area (12); the control system (3) comprises a power distribution cabinet (31), a control cabinet (32) and a control console (33), the power distribution cabinet (31) is connected with an external power supply, and the power distribution cabinet (31) is respectively connected with the treatment system (2), the control cabinet (32) and the control console (33); one end of the control cabinet (32) is connected with the treatment system (2), and the other end is connected with the control console (33).
9. A high temperature plasma organism treatment shelter as claimed in claim 8 further comprising a control zone air conditioning system (4) for improved conditioning of the air environment of the control zone; the control area air conditioning system comprises an air conditioner internal unit (41) and an air conditioner external unit (42), wherein the air conditioner internal unit (41) is installed in the control area (12), and the air conditioner external unit (42) is installed in the disposal area (11).
10. A method of high temperature plasma organism treatment using a high temperature plasma organism treatment shelter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
starting the plasma gasification melting furnace to raise the temperature of the plasma gasification melting furnace to over 1200 ℃;
putting the organism to be treated into a plasma gasification melting furnace, and carrying out plasma gasification melting reaction to obtain inorganic matter molten slurry and micromolecular gas; wherein the small molecule gas is CO or H2And CH4One or more of;
performing water quenching recovery on the inorganic matter molten slurry by adopting a slag dragging device;
the micromolecule gas passes through the second combustion chamber section to be combusted secondarily, so that high-temperature flue gas is obtained;
after the high-temperature flue gas is subjected to quenching deacidification treatment, dedusting treatment and denitrification treatment in sequence, clean tail gas is obtained and is discharged through a chimney.
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Cited By (1)
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