CN111534768A - Hierarchical hot isostatic pressing method for Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting - Google Patents
Hierarchical hot isostatic pressing method for Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a graded hot isostatic pressing method for Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings, belonging to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting processing; specifically, hot isostatic pressing treatment is carried out after Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings are poured, the hot isostatic pressing treatment is divided into two stages, and the pressure of the first stage is P1Temperature T1The melting temperature of the low-melting point Cu-containing phase is less than or equal to; pressure in the second stage is P2The melting temperature of the low-melting Cu-containing phase is < T2The temperature is lower than the alloy solidus temperature, and P2 is more than or equal to P1; according to the invention, the treatment temperature in the first stage is controlled below the melting temperature of the copper-rich phase, and the temperature is raised in the second stage, so that the defects of the casting are eliminated, the copper-rich phase is prevented from being over-sintered under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, and the density, the mechanical property and the elongation of the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting after hot isostatic pressing are effectively improved compared with those of the casting without hot isostatic pressing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting processing, and particularly relates to a graded hot isostatic pressing method for a Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting.
Background
Casting defects such as air holes, shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity, inclusions, cracks, surface defects and the like are inevitably generated in castings in casting production, the density of the materials is reduced, the strength of the materials is reduced, stress concentration is easily generated in local parts under the action of stress, the stress concentration becomes a crack source of material fracture, and the mechanical property of the materials is reduced.
The hot isostatic pressing can eliminate the defects in the aluminum alloy casting, reduce the porosity of the casting, improve the density of the casting and improve the mechanical property of the alloy. The nature of defect closure during hot isostatic pressing is a process of tissue creep, diffusion bonding under high temperature, high pressure conditions, where temperature is the most important parameter.
CN1518609A hot isostatic pressing of castings, the porosity of which is reduced by hot isostatic pressing of an unforged casting made of an alloy having a large difference between liquidus and solidus temperatures. No specific material hiping process parameters are indicated. CN102554197A A Hot isostatic pressing treatment process for casting a turbocharger compressor impeller discloses a hot isostatic pressing process for casting a turbocharger compressor impeller made of C355 or ZL105, wherein the hot isostatic pressing temperature is 520-525 ℃, the pressure is more than 100MPa, and the time is 2-3 h. The single hot isostatic pressing temperature parameter is selected, the phase of the material is not controlled, and the mechanical property of the metal material is closely related to the phase and the structure of the metal material. Control of the phases during hot isostatic pressing is therefore critical.
Much of the previous work has therefore focused on loosely closing the interior of the casting, without systematic investigation into the problem of the effects of the treatment itself on the texture and on the performance. Only one side requires pore elimination and the performance is often not expected, which greatly limits the application of the hot isostatic pressing process to high performance aluminum alloy castings.
Particularly, the research on the hot isostatic pressing process of the aluminum alloy is mostly focused on the Al-Si-Mg alloy at present. There is little research literature on cast Al-Si alloys containing Cu. Cu and Mg are important strengthening elements in the Al-Si alloy, so that the aluminum alloy has good room temperature and high temperature performance, and therefore, unlike the Al-Si-Mg alloy, Al is easily formed in the Al-Si alloy containing Cu and Mg2Cu and Al5Mg8Cu2Si6And the Cu-rich phases have low melting points, and when the heating temperature is higher than the melting temperature of the low melting point phases, an overburning structure is easily generated, and the mechanical property of the material is weakened, so that the influence of the hot isostatic pressing temperature on the structure needs to be considered during the hot isostatic pressing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a graded hot isostatic pressing method for casting Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings containing Cu.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A graded hot isostatic pressing method for Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings is characterized in that hot isostatic pressing treatment is carried out after the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings are poured, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a) at a pressure P1Is 90-120MPa, temperature T1Time of treatment t1Carrying out the first hot isostatic pressing treatment for 1-2 h;
b) then at a pressure P2At a temperature of T2Time of treatment t2Performing a second hot isostatic pressing treatment for 10-30 min;
wherein the melting temperature of the low-melting-point Cu-containing phase in the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is TaThe solidus temperature of the alloy in the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is Tb(ii) a Said temperature T1≤Ta；Ta＜T2＜Tb(ii) a Said P2≥P1。
Preferably, Ta＜T2＜TbThe solidus temperature of the alloy in the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is subtracted by 15 ℃ at-15 ℃ so as to reduce the thermal change influence of a hot isostatic pressing device and further reduce the thermal change temperature error of secondary treatment
Preferably, the treatment temperature T1At a temperature of 460 ℃ and 500 ℃, and a temperature T2At 525 ℃ and 540 ℃.
Preferably, said P2Is 90MPa to 120 MPa.
Preferably, the wall thickness of the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is less than 20mm, and the hot isostatic pressing process comprises the following steps: pressure P1Is 90 +/-5 MPa and the temperature T1At 460 ℃ for a time t11.5h, pressure P2Is 100 +/-5 MPa and the temperature T2At 530 ℃ for a time t2It is 30 min.
Preferably, the wall thickness of the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is 20-40mm, and the hot isostatic pressing process comprises the following steps: pressure P1Is 100 +/-5 MPa and the temperature T1At 490 ℃ for a time t11.5h, pressure P2Is 100 +/-5 MPa and the temperature T2At 530 ℃ for a time t2It is 30 min.
Preferably, the wall thickness of the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is 40-70mm, and the hot isostatic pressing process comprises the following steps: pressure P1Is 110 +/-5 MPa and has a temperature T1At 490 ℃ for a time t11.5h, pressure P2Is 110 +/-5 MPa and has a temperature T2At 530 ℃ for a time t2It is 30 min.
Preferably, after the hot isostatic pressing treatment, the hot isostatic pressing device is subjected to pressure unloading, the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace, and the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting after the hot isostatic pressing treatment is subsequently subjected to heat treatment and processing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that.
The hot isostatic pressing method is divided into two stages, firstly, the treatment temperature is controlled below the melting temperature of the copper-rich phase for long-time hot isostatic pressing treatment to eliminate holes in a tissue structure, so that the copper-rich phase is dissolved or gradually transited to a dissolved state, then, high-temperature high-pressure short-time treatment is adopted to further close the defects of the holes in the casting, part of the transitional state which is not dissolved and the copper-rich phase is quickly dissolved but not melted, the copper-rich phase is diffused into an aluminum alloy casting matrix in an atomic form to improve the compactness of the aluminum alloy casting, and meanwhile, the copper-rich phase cannot be overburned under the high-temperature high-pressure condition to form an overburning tissue; after the castings are subjected to hot isostatic pressing treatment in two stages, the density, the mechanical property and the plasticity of the castings are improved. The density after hot isostatic pressing is improved by 2.3 percent compared with that of a cast without hot isostatic pressing, the mechanical property after hot isostatic pressing is improved by 15 percent compared with that of the cast without hot isostatic pressing, the elongation after hot isostatic pressing is improved by 3.1 percent compared with that of the cast without hot isostatic pressing, and the graded hot isostatic pressing treatment process can be applied to Cu-containing aluminum-silicon-magnesium alloy castings in the fields of aerospace vehicles and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a hot isostatic pressing process for hot isostatic pressing Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of a low melting point copper-rich phase sintered structure in an alloy hot isostatic pressed at 530 ℃ and a corresponding energy spectrum test chart of A, B, C, D components;
a, B, C, D shows four phases in the eutectic structure with low melting point, (a) shows the scanning electron micrograph of the overburnt structure with copper-rich phase with low melting point; (b) is a scanning electron microscope secondary electron image; (c) is a backscattered electron image of the graph (b).
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
Example 1
After the A336 and A354 alloy castings are poured, cleaning to obtain a main wall thickness of 40-70mm, and then treating by adopting a hot isostatic pressing process: the hot isostatic pressing treatment is divided into two processes, a first process pressure P1Is 110MPa, temperature T1At 490 deg.CTime t11.5h, then the second process is entered, the pressure P of the second process2At 110MPa, T2 at 530 deg.C, for a time T2It is 30 min. And after the treatment is finished, carrying out pressure unloading on the hot isostatic pressing furnace, cooling the casting to room temperature along with the furnace, and then carrying out heat treatment and mechanical processing on the casting.
Example 2
After the A318 and A332 alloy castings are poured, cleaning is carried out, the main wall thickness is 20-40mm, and then hot isostatic pressing processing is adopted: the hot isostatic pressing treatment is divided into two processes, a first process pressure P1Is 100MPa, temperature T1At 490 ℃ for a time t11.5h, then the second process is entered, the pressure P of the second process2Is 100MPa, temperature T2At 530 ℃ for a time t2It is 30 min. And after the treatment is finished, carrying out pressure unloading on the hot isostatic pressing furnace, cooling the casting to room temperature along with the furnace, and then carrying out heat treatment and mechanical processing on the casting.
Example 3
After the A333 and A390 alloy castings are poured, cleaning the castings to ensure that the main wall thickness is less than 20mm, and then treating the castings by adopting a hot isostatic pressing process: the hot isostatic pressing treatment is divided into two processes, a first process pressure P1Is 90MPa, temperature T1At 460 ℃ for a time t11.5h, then the second process is entered, the pressure P of the second process2Is 100MPa, temperature T2At 530 ℃ for a time t2It is 30 min. And after the treatment is finished, carrying out pressure unloading on the hot isostatic pressing furnace, cooling the casting to room temperature along with the furnace, and then carrying out heat treatment and mechanical processing on the casting.
After the hot isostatic pressing treatment is carried out on the casting, the density, the mechanical property and the elongation of the casting are improved. The density after hot isostatic pressing is improved by 2.3 percent compared with that of a non-hot isostatic pressing casting, the mechanical property after hot isostatic pressing is improved by 15 percent compared with that of the non-hot isostatic pressing casting, and the elongation after hot isostatic pressing is improved by 2.8 percent compared with that of the non-hot isostatic pressing casting.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A graded hot isostatic pressing method for Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings is characterized in that hot isostatic pressing treatment is carried out after the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings are poured, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
a) at a pressure P1Is 90-120MPa, temperature T1Time of treatment t1Carrying out the first hot isostatic pressing treatment for 1-2 h;
b) then at a pressure P2At a temperature of T2Time of treatment t2Performing a second hot isostatic pressing treatment for 10-30 min;
wherein the melting temperature of the low-melting-point Cu-containing phase in the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is TaThe solidus temperature of the alloy in the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is Tb(ii) a Said temperature T1≤Ta；Ta＜T2＜Tb(ii) a Said P2≥P1。
2. The method of staged hot isostatic pressing of Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings according to claim 1, wherein T isa＜T2＜Tb－15℃。
3. The method of staged hot isostatic pressing of Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings according to claim 1, wherein the treatment temperature T1At a temperature of 460 ℃ and 500 ℃, and a temperature T2At 525 ℃ and 540 ℃.
4. The method of staged hot isostatic pressing of Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings according to claim 1, wherein said P2Is 90MPa to 120 MPa.
5. According to claim4, the graded hot isostatic pressing method for the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is characterized in that the wall thickness of the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is less than 20mm, and the hot isostatic pressing process comprises the following steps: pressure P1Is 90 +/-5 MPa and the temperature T1At 460 ℃ for a time t11.5h, pressure P2Is 100 +/-5 MPa and the temperature T2At 530 ℃ for a time t2It is 30 min.
6. The method of staged hot isostatic pressing of Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings according to claim 4, wherein the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings have a wall thickness of 20-40mm, and the hot isostatic pressing process: pressure P1Is 100 +/-5 MPa and the temperature T1At 490 ℃ for a time t11.5h, pressure P2Is 100 +/-5 MPa and the temperature T2At 530 ℃ for a time t2It is 30 min.
7. The method of staged hot isostatic pressing of Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings according to claim 4, wherein the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy castings have a wall thickness of 40-70mm, and the hot isostatic pressing process: pressure P1Is 110 +/-5 MPa and has a temperature T1At 490 ℃ for a time t11.5h, pressure P2Is 110 +/-5 MPa and has a temperature T2At 530 ℃ for a time t2It is 30 min.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the hot isostatic pressing is followed by pressure unloading of the hot isostatic pressing apparatus, the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting is furnace cooled to room temperature, and the Cu-containing cast Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy casting after hot isostatic pressing is subsequently heat treated and processed.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114672680A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-28 | 中南大学 | Step-by-step hot isostatic pressing method for additive manufacturing of nickel-based high-temperature alloy |
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| DE102011120988A1 (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2013-06-13 | Daimler Ag | Planar semifinished product of aluminum alloy matrix composite having boron carbide-particles, useful for manufacturing a plate, comprises boron carbide particles-containing layers, and a matrix-forming aluminum alloy comprising silicon |
| WO2016149533A1 (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-09-22 | Materion Corporation | Metal matrix composite |
| CN110551922A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-10 | 飞而康快速制造科技有限责任公司 | high-mass-fraction WC p/Al composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP1577037A1 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-21 | The University Of Queensland | Infiltrated aluminium preforms |
| CN101090784A (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2007-12-19 | 马勒动力系统有限公司 | Method of casting an article |
| DE102011120988A1 (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2013-06-13 | Daimler Ag | Planar semifinished product of aluminum alloy matrix composite having boron carbide-particles, useful for manufacturing a plate, comprises boron carbide particles-containing layers, and a matrix-forming aluminum alloy comprising silicon |
| CN103111619A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-22 | 华中科技大学 | Hot isostatic pressing two-step forming method of high temperature alloy compact piece |
| WO2016149533A1 (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-09-22 | Materion Corporation | Metal matrix composite |
| CN110551922A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-10 | 飞而康快速制造科技有限责任公司 | high-mass-fraction WC p/Al composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114672680A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-28 | 中南大学 | Step-by-step hot isostatic pressing method for additive manufacturing of nickel-based high-temperature alloy |
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