CN111532806A

CN111532806A - Automatic loading, unloading and transporting device for large-volume ice blocks

Info

Publication number: CN111532806A
Application number: CN202010341389.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋慧略; 马永杰; 刘敏; 杨丰利; 惠超; 张婧; 张琳琳; 孙玉婷; 石彦平
Original assignee: Oceanographic Instrumentation Research Institute Shandong Academy of Sciences
Current assignee: Oceanographic Instrumentation Research Institute Shandong Academy of Sciences; Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation Shandong Academy of Sciences
Priority date: 2020-04-27
Filing date: 2020-04-27
Publication date: 2020-08-14
Also published as: WO2021218103A1

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic loading, unloading and transporting device for large-volume ice blocks, which comprises a box body, an ice block shifting mechanism and a first box gear train shifting mechanism, wherein the box body is provided with a box body frame; the box body comprises a head box body, a middle box body and a tail box body, and each box body consists of a frame, a supporting shaft positioned at the bottom of the frame and wheels arranged on the supporting shaft; the ice block shifting mechanism comprises a first servo motor, a first chain wheel mechanism and a second chain wheel mechanism, wherein the first chain wheel mechanism and the second chain wheel mechanism are driven by the first servo motor; the first box wheel train moving mechanism comprises a second servo motor, a worm and gear mechanism and a connecting rod mechanism, wherein the worm and gear mechanism is driven by the second servo motor, the head end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with a worm wheel, and the tail end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with a supporting shaft at the bottom of the first box body. The device disclosed by the invention can simultaneously and stably clamp a large number of ice cubes in the same row, can quickly and accurately convey and place the ice cubes at a specified position, can greatly reduce the danger of personnel, can reduce the rejection rate of the ice cubes, and can realize the efficient transportation of the ice cubes.

Description

Automatic loading, unloading and transporting device for large-volume ice blocks

Technical Field

The invention relates to an ice cube carrier, in particular to an automatic loading, unloading and transporting device for large-volume ice cubes.

Background

With the economic development and the technological progress, the application range of the ice making technology and products in national economy is continuously expanded, and the ice making technology and products are widely applied to the fields of cold chain construction in industries such as food processing, business and super logistics, ocean fishing and the like, the fields of concrete cooling in industries such as water conservancy and hydropower, nuclear power, building engineering and the like, the fields of artificial environment such as mine cooling and the like, the fields of energy conservation and environmental protection such as energy storage and peak regulation and the like, and the fields of reaction kettle cooling, artificial ice and snow, edible ice, household, pharmaceutical medical treatment and the like in the fine chemical industry.

At present, in the ice making, ice discharging and ice storing processes of ice blocks, most of the processes from ice breaking to ice storing are mainly performed by manpower, the degree of mechanization and the degree of automation are both very low, so that the production efficiency is very low, the production cost is seriously high, and huge hidden dangers exist in the aspects of personnel safety and sanitation.

Because the ice-cube is not only smooth, and is very heavy in addition, artifical fortune ice is not only wasted time and energy, has certain personal danger moreover, and the auxiliary instrument who uses in the handling in addition still can lead to the ice-cube to produce the damage, even scrapps because of incomplete too big.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an automatic loading, unloading and transporting device for large-volume ice cubes, so that a large number of ice cubes in the same row can be stably clamped at the same time, and can be quickly and accurately transported and placed to a specified position, the danger of personnel can be greatly reduced, the rejection rate of the ice cubes is reduced, and the purpose of efficiently transporting the ice cubes is achieved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an automatic loading, unloading and transporting device for large-volume ice cubes comprises a box body, an ice cube shifting mechanism and an initial box gear train shifting mechanism, wherein the ice cube shifting mechanism and the initial box gear train shifting mechanism are arranged on the box body;

the box bodies comprise a first box body, at least one middle box body and a tail box body, each box body consists of a frame, a support shaft positioned at the bottom of the frame and wheels arranged on the support shafts, the support shafts positioned at the bottoms of the middle box body and the tail box body are fixed at the bottom of the frame through bearings, and the support shafts positioned at the bottom of the first box body are embedded into grooves at the bottom of the first box body;

the ice block shifting mechanism comprises a first servo motor, a first chain wheel mechanism and a second chain wheel mechanism, wherein the first chain wheel mechanism and the second chain wheel mechanism are driven by the first servo motor;

the first box wheel train moving mechanism comprises a second servo motor, a worm and gear mechanism and a connecting rod mechanism, wherein the worm and gear mechanism is driven by the second servo motor, the head end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with a worm wheel, and the tail end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with a supporting shaft at the bottom of the first box body.

In the above scheme, the first sprocket mechanism includes a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a first chain connecting the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and the driving wheel is connected with a main shaft of the first servo motor; the first servo motor is installed at the top of the tail box body, and the driven wheel is installed on one side of the bottom of the tail box body through a rotating shaft.

In the above scheme, the second chain wheel mechanism is installed on one side of the bottom of the box body and comprises a plurality of chain wheels connected through a second chain, and the chain wheel at the tail end of the tail box body is fixedly connected with the driven wheel.

In the above scheme, each group of gear mechanisms comprises a driving gear, an intermediate gear and a driven gear, the intermediate gear is respectively connected with the driving gear and the driven gear, the driving gear is respectively and fixedly connected with each chain wheel, the driving gear and the intermediate gear are arranged on one side of the bottom of the box body, and the driven gear is arranged on each supporting shaft.

In the above scheme, the worm and gear mechanism comprises a worm and a worm gear, the worm is connected with a main shaft of the second servo motor, and the worm gear is installed on the top of the first box body through a rotating shaft.

In the above scheme, link mechanism includes driving lever, intermediate lever and driven lever, intermediate lever one end is articulated with the driving lever, and the other end is articulated with the driven lever, the driving lever with a pivot of worm wheel sharing, just the driving lever head end is fixed in on the worm wheel quotation, the terminal support shaft with first box bottom of driven lever is articulated.

In a further technical scheme, the middle box body is provided with one, two supporting shafts are arranged at the bottom of each box body, and a plurality of wheels are fixedly mounted on each supporting shaft.

Through the technical scheme, the box body is used for loading and fixing the ice cubes, so that the ice cubes cannot slide and contact and adhere in the transportation process; the ice block shifting mechanism is used for shifting ice blocks among the head box body, the middle box body and the tail box body; the first box gear train moving mechanism is used for containing ice blocks in the front and back of the first box body and retracting and resetting the supporting shaft and the wheels at the bottom of the first box body. The device can be used for large-volume ice blocks to be quickly and automatically loaded, transported and unloaded, ensures regular stacking of the ice blocks, is favorable for improving loading and transporting efficiency, reduces labor cost, can greatly reduce danger of personnel, reduces the rejection rate of the ice blocks, and realizes automatic transportation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an automated handling and transport apparatus for large volumes of ice as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of an ice cube displacement mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the back of the ice cube displacement mechanism disclosed in the present embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a disclosed gear mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a stowing position of the first box gear train shifting mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a reset state of the first box gear train shifting mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first set of ice cubes loading process;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the loading process of the second and third ice cubes;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of the unloading process of three groups of ice cubes.

In the figure, 1, a first box body; 2. a middle box body; 3. a tail box body; 4. a frame; 5. a support shaft; 6. a wheel; 7. a first servo motor; 8. a driving wheel; 9. a driven wheel; 10. a first chain; 11. a second chain; 12. a sprocket; 13. a driving gear; 14. an intermediate gear; 15. a driven gear; 16. a second servo motor; 17. a worm gear; 18. a worm; 19. a driving lever; 20. an intermediate lever; 21. a driven lever; 22. a first set of ice cubes; 23. a second set of ice cubes; 24. and a third group of ice cubes.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

The invention provides an automatic loading, unloading and transporting device for large-volume ice blocks, which comprises a box body, an ice block shifting mechanism and an initial box gear train shifting mechanism, wherein the ice block shifting mechanism and the initial box gear train shifting mechanism are arranged on the box body, as shown in figure 1.

The box body is used for loading and fixing ice blocks, so that the ice blocks cannot slide and contact and stick during transportation. The box includes first box 1, middle box 2 and tail box 3, and every box is by frame 4, be located the back shaft 5 of frame 4 bottom and set up the wheel 6 on back shaft 5 and constitute, and the back shaft 5 that is located middle box 2 and tail box 3 bottom is fixed in frame 4 bottom through the bearing, and the back shaft 5 that is located first box 1 bottom imbeds the recess of first box 1 bottom, can pack up and reset under first box train moving mechanism's drive. In this embodiment, the middle box body 2 is provided with one middle box body, two supporting shafts 5 are arranged at the bottom of each box body, and a plurality of wheels 6 are fixedly arranged on each supporting shaft 5. Each box body comprises three small box bodies which are arranged in parallel and can be used for simultaneously loading three ice blocks.

The ice displacement mechanism is used to move ice between the first bin 1, the intermediate bin 2 and the trailing bin 3. The ice block shifting mechanism comprises a first servo motor 7, a first chain wheel mechanism and a second chain wheel mechanism, wherein the first chain wheel mechanism and the second chain wheel mechanism are driven by the first servo motor 7, and chain wheels 12 on the second chain wheel mechanism are respectively connected with the supporting shafts 5 through gear mechanisms.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first chain wheel mechanism comprises a driving wheel 8, a driven wheel 9 and a first chain 10 connecting the driving wheel 8 and the driven wheel 9, wherein the driving wheel 8 is connected with a main shaft of the first servo motor 7; first servo motor 7 is installed at tail box 3 top, installs in tail box 3 bottom one side through the pivot from driving wheel 9.

The second chain wheel mechanism is arranged on one side of the bottom of the box body and comprises 6 chain wheels 12 connected through a second chain 11, and the chain wheels 12 positioned at the tail end of the tail box body 3 are welded with the driven wheel 9. When the driven pulley 9 rotates, the rotating shaft is not moved, and the sprocket 12 rotates together around the rotating shaft.

As shown in fig. 4, each gear mechanism includes a driving gear 13, an intermediate gear 14 and a driven gear 15, the intermediate gear 14 is connected to the driving gear 13 and the driven gear 15, the driving gear 13 is welded to each sprocket 12, the driving gear 13 and the intermediate gear 14 are mounted on one side of the bottom of the casing, and the driven gear 15 is mounted on each support shaft 5.

When the first servo motor 7 rotates in the forward direction, the driving wheel 8 drives the driven wheel 9 to rotate, so that the tail end chain wheel 12 welded with the driven wheel 9 is driven to rotate, all the chain wheels 12 are driven to rotate together through the second chain 11, the driving wheel 13 welded with the chain wheels 12 drives the driven gear 15 to rotate through the intermediate gear 14, and then 6 supporting shafts 5 are driven to rotate, all the wheels 6 on the supporting shafts 5 are driven to rotate clockwise, and ice blocks on the wheels 6 move towards the rear of the box body; similarly, when the first servo motor 7 rotates in the reverse direction, the ice cubes move forward from behind the housing.

The head box gear train moving mechanism serves to retract and reset the support shaft 5 and the wheels 6 at the bottom of the head box 1 before and after taking the ice cubes into the head box 1. The first box wheel train moving mechanism comprises a second servo motor 16, a worm gear mechanism and a connecting rod mechanism, wherein the worm gear mechanism and the connecting rod mechanism are driven by the second servo motor 16, the head end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with a worm wheel 17, and the tail end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with a supporting shaft 5 at the bottom of the first box body 1.

The worm gear mechanism comprises a worm 18 and a worm wheel 17, the worm 18 is connected with a main shaft of the second servo motor 16, and the worm wheel 17 is arranged on the top of the head box body 1 through a rotating shaft.

The connecting rod mechanism comprises a driving rod 19, an intermediate rod 20 and two driven rods 21, one end of the intermediate rod 20 is hinged to the driving rod 19, the other end of the intermediate rod is hinged to the two driven rods 21, the driving rod 19 and the worm wheel 17 share a rotating shaft, the head end of the driving rod 19 is fixed to the disc surface of the worm wheel 17, and the tail ends of the two driven rods 21 are hinged to the two supporting shafts 5 at the bottom of the first box body 1 respectively. When the worm wheel 17 rotates, the rotating shaft is fixed, and the head end of the driving rod 19 rotates along with the worm wheel 17 to drive the driving rod 19 to swing around the rotating shaft.

When the second servo motor 16 rotates in the forward direction, the worm wheel 17 drives the driving rod 19 to rotate around the rotating shaft under the driving of the worm 18, and the two driven rods 21 are relatively retracted while moving backward through the intermediate rod 20, as shown in fig. 6. At this time, the two support shafts 5 with the wheels 6 leave the area right below the first box 1 and below the intermediate box 2, and the first box 1 wheel train is in a retracted state, so that the first box 1 can accommodate ice cubes from below or release ice cubes from inside the first box 1 to outside the box.

When the second servo motor 16 rotates reversely, the two driven rods 21 are flattened downwards while moving forwards, as shown in fig. 5, the two support shafts 5 and the corresponding wheels 6 are driven to return to the lower part of the head box 1, so that the driven gears 15 and the intermediate gears 14 under the head box 1 are matched, the wheels 6 on the support shafts can support ice cubes in the box, and the ice cubes can be moved backwards or moved forwards at the rear part under the driving of the ice cube shifting mechanism.

When the second servomotor 16 is stationary, the worm wheel 17 will be locked due to the worm-gear drive characteristics, so that the first gear train is no longer moving.

The specific working procedures of loading, transporting and unloading ice blocks of the invention are as follows:

1. placing ice blocks to be loaded on a loading platform, wherein a second servo motor 16 rotates forwards to drive a first box gear train moving mechanism, so that a support shaft 5 and wheels 6 below a first box body 1 are retracted, the first box body 1 is covered on a first group of ice blocks 22, then the first group of ice blocks 22 are horizontally dragged to the edge of the loading platform, and then the second servo motor 16 rotates backwards to reset the support shaft 5 and the wheels 6 below the first box body 1 and hold the first group of ice blocks 22;

2. as shown in fig. 7, under the driving of the first servo motor 7, the first group of ice cubes 22 move towards the tail box 3 along with the rotation of the wheels 6;

3. as shown in fig. 8, the above two steps are repeated again, a second group of ice cubes 23 is put into the middle box 2, and then the step 1 is repeated, and a third group of ice cubes 24 is put into the first box 1;

4. transporting the box filled with ice cubes to a designated position using a traveling crane;

5. the whole box body is placed above the unloading platform, the height from the unloading platform is about the height of one wheel 6, the first box wheel system can be retracted, the second servo motor 16 rotates forwards, the first box wheel system moving mechanism is retracted slowly, the supporting shaft 5 and the wheels 6 below the first box body 1 are retracted slowly, the front part of the third group of ice blocks 24 in the first box body 1 can contact the unloading platform until the wheels 6 below the first box body 1 are all away from the area of the first box body 1, and the third group of ice blocks 24 completely drop onto the unloading platform; then integrally hoisting the box body to separate the third group of ice blocks 24 from the box body;

6. as shown in fig. 9, under the driving of the first servo motor 7, the second group of ice cubes 23 move into the first box 1 along with the rotation of the wheels 6, and the first group of ice cubes 22 move into the middle box 2;

7. repeating step 5, placing a second group of ice cubes 23 on the unloading platform;

8. under the drive of the first servo motor 7, the first group of ice blocks 22 move into the first box body 1 along with the rotation of the wheels 6;

9. and (5) repeating the step, and putting the first group of ice cubes 22 on the unloading platform to finish unloading all the ice cubes.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An automatic loading, unloading and transporting device for large-volume ice blocks is characterized by comprising a box body, an ice block shifting mechanism and a first box gear train shifting mechanism, wherein the ice block shifting mechanism and the first box gear train shifting mechanism are arranged on the box body;

2. The automated handling and transport apparatus for bulk ice cubes of claim 1, wherein the first sprocket mechanism comprises a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a first chain connecting the driving wheel and the driven wheel, the driving wheel being connected to a main shaft of the first servo motor; the first servo motor is installed at the top of the tail box body, and the driven wheel is installed on one side of the bottom of the tail box body through a rotating shaft.

3. An automated handling and transport apparatus for bulk ice cubes of claim 2, wherein said second sprocket mechanism is mounted to a side of the bottom of the housing and comprises a plurality of sprockets connected by a second chain, the sprocket at the rear end of the rear housing being fixedly connected to said driven pulley.

4. An automated handling and transport apparatus for large volumes of ice as claimed in claim 3 wherein each set of said gear mechanisms comprises a drive gear, an intermediate gear and a driven gear, said intermediate gear is connected to the drive gear and the driven gear respectively, said drive gear is fixedly connected to each sprocket respectively, said drive gear and said intermediate gear are mounted to one side of the bottom of the housing, said driven gear is mounted to each support shaft.

5. An automated handling and transport apparatus for bulk ice cubes of claim 1, wherein said worm gear comprises a worm and a worm wheel, said worm being connected to the spindle of the second servo motor, said worm wheel being mounted on top of the head box by means of a shaft.

6. The automatic handling and transportation device for large ice cubes of claim 5, wherein the linkage mechanism comprises a driving rod, an intermediate rod and a driven rod, the intermediate rod is hinged to the driving rod at one end and hinged to the driven rod at the other end, the driving rod and the worm gear share a rotating shaft, the head end of the driving rod is fixed to the surface of the worm gear, and the tail end of the driven rod is hinged to the supporting shaft at the bottom of the head box.

7. An automated handling and transport apparatus for bulk ice cubes of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein one intermediate bin is provided, and wherein two support shafts are provided for each bin bottom, each support shaft having a plurality of wheels fixedly mounted thereon.