CN111531994A - Waterproof moisture-permeable film and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents

Waterproof moisture-permeable film and preparation and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111531994A
CN111531994A CN202010237714.XA CN202010237714A CN111531994A CN 111531994 A CN111531994 A CN 111531994A CN 202010237714 A CN202010237714 A CN 202010237714A CN 111531994 A CN111531994 A CN 111531994A
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peo
moisture
polyethylene oxide
permeable film
spraying
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CN111531994B (en
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李景川
覃小红
权震震
王荣武
张弘楠
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Huzhou Yinai Great Sanitary Products Co.,Ltd.
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Donghua University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/02—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by a sequence of laminating steps, e.g. by adding new layers at consecutive laminating stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption

Abstract

The invention relates to a waterproof moisture permeable membrane and preparation and application thereof, wherein the moisture permeable membrane is prepared by pumping polyethylene oxide (PEO) into superfine fibers in PU moisture permeable slurry by utilizing an electrostatic spinning technology, implanting the superfine fibers into the superfine fibers, dissolving out water-soluble PEO by washing after membrane forming and attaching, and forming a microporous channel in the membrane to play a role in microporous waterproof moisture permeable. Compared with PU films, the moisture permeability of the novel waterproof moisture-permeable film is improved by 30-80%, the strength is improved by 100-150% compared with that of an electrostatic spinning film, and the adhesiveness and the subsequent processability are better.

Description

Waterproof moisture-permeable film and preparation and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of moisture-permeable film materials and preparation and application thereof, and particularly relates to a waterproof moisture-permeable film and preparation and application thereof.
Background
The waterproof moisture-permeable fabric is an outdoor product and occupies a very large proportion. The traditional waterproof moisture-permeable product is basically processed by a processing mode of laminating two layers or three layers, namely, the outer layer is a waterproof fabric, and the middle layer is a film layer. In addition, an inner layer can be added for the third time to avoid the direct contact between the membrane and the body.
Among these, the membrane has two main functions: the waterproof fabric has the advantages that firstly, the waterproof fabric is resistant to water pressure, and water is prevented from permeating into the inner layer through gaps of the fabric under certain pressure; and secondly, moisture permeation is realized, and moisture generated by the body is guided out from the inner layer to the outer layer of the garment in a microporous or moisture absorption swelling mode, so that the comfort of the body is kept.
At present, the waterproof moisture-permeable film mainly has two types: the principle of the hydrophilic swelling membrane is similar to heat conduction from high temperature to low temperature, and the hydrophilic swelling membrane absorbs water vapor with high humidity in the inner layer, conducts the water vapor to the outer layer with low humidity and evaporates on the surface through the high moisture absorption and conduction effect of the hydrophilic swelling membrane, so that the moisture conduction effect is achieved. Its advantages are simple process and low cost; the defects mainly include limited conduction efficiency and performance and incapability of effectively ensuring wearing comfort. Another is a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane represented by Gore-tex. The principle is that water vapor can directly permeate from the micropores, so that the effect of high-efficiency moisture conduction is achieved. Its advantages are high water-proof and moisture-penetrability, and high effect. The disadvantage is that the fluoride-containing components are banned gradually due to the requirement of environmental protection, and the whole industry develops the substitute of the later generation.
Currently, the best-seen and investment-willing technology for major sports brands is electrospun membranes. The principle is that the submicron fiber layer is superposed layer by layer to form the superfine fiber non-woven fabric, and the effect of simulating the polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane is formed through micropores between fibers. The advantages are that the microporous waterproof moisture permeable effect can be achieved, and the polytetrafluoroethylene film can be replaced to a certain extent; but the defects are very obvious, namely, the problem of low strength caused by insufficient bonding force between fiber layers; another problem is the productivity limitation caused by the low spinning efficiency and the high cost. At present, the process can only be used for preparing a plurality of small samples, and the large-scale production is greatly limited.
CN104562444A discloses a static spraying nano spider web waterproof perspective film and a preparation method thereof, wherein the most common way for preparing porous films by static spinning is adopted in the patent: and (3) spinning the emulsion through high-voltage static electricity to form a film on a receiving surface, and condensing and networking the residual solid component after the liquid component in the emulsion is volatilized to form the porous moisture-permeable film. The main problems of this process are as follows: 1, the production efficiency is low, the solid content in the solution is low, and the unit output in the spinning process is low, so that the overall production efficiency is very low; 2 the membrane has poor strength and is easy to delaminate-the porous membrane is formed by laminating the electrospun superfine fibers, the superfine fibers have poor strength, and the fibers are not crosslinked or strengthened, so that the porous membrane is easy to delaminate or crack in the using process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a waterproof moisture-permeable membrane and preparation and application thereof, and solves the problems of low production efficiency and poor membrane strength. The invention embeds submicron PEO yarn into PU system by electrostatic spinning method. Through the dissolution of PEO, a dimensional porous structure is formed in PU, and the moisture permeability of PU is improved.
The invention provides a moisture-permeable membrane, which is obtained by filling polyethylene oxide (PEO) fibers into Polyurethane (PU) and crosslinking to form a composite membrane, and washing to dissolve out the PEO.
The diameter of the polyethylene oxide (PEO) fiber is 80-300 nm; wherein the molecular weight of the polyethylene oxide PEO is 8-15 ten thousand, and the preferred molecular weight is 10 ten thousand.
The PU is a water-based coating PU resin Insqin. Polyurethane is abbreviated as PU resin.
The polyethylene oxide PEO fiber filled polyurethane PU is as follows: polyethylene oxide (PEO) is subjected to electrostatic spinning to obtain PEO fibers, and the PEO fibers are added into the PU spraying material; the polyethylene oxide (PEO) content in the composite membrane is 0.1-5% by mass, and the optimal dosage is 2.5%.
The moisture permeable membrane is provided with a micropore channel, the aperture is 80-300 nm, and the microporous waterproof moisture permeable effect is achieved.
The invention provides a preparation method of a moisture permeable film, which comprises the following steps:
spraying PU spraying materials by adopting a multi-nozzle, combining with electrostatic spinning polyethylene oxide (PEO) fibers, adding PEO synchronously or in sections, filling (or embedding and distributing) PEO in PU, and heating for crosslinking to form a film to obtain a polyethylene oxide (PEO) fiber/Polyurethane (PU) composite film;
and (3) hot-melting and laminating the composite film and the fabric, washing and drying to obtain the moisture permeable film.
The preferred mode of the above preparation method is as follows:
the addition is specifically as follows: the method is carried out by adopting a three-spraying and three-static wire drawing mode or a two-spraying and three-wire drawing mode.
The multi-nozzle PU spraying material and the electrostatic spinning polyethylene oxide PEO fiber are combined in a three-spraying three-electrostatic spinning mode, and the three-section process comprises the following material loading ratios: the first section comprises 32.5% of PU and 0.5% of PEO, the second section comprises 33.5% of PU and 0.5% of PEO, and the third section comprises 32% of PU and 1% of PEO (the mass percentages in the system).
The multi-nozzle PU spraying material and the electrostatic spinning polyethylene oxide PEO fiber are combined in a two-spraying and three-spinning mode, and the process loading proportion is as follows: the first section was electrospun with 0.5% PEO, the second section was 40% PU and 2.5% PEO, and the third section was 60% PU and 2% PEO. (all are mass percentages in the system)
The heating crosslinking is 150-170 ℃, the time is 3-5min, the specific visual film thickness, the crosslinking degree and the like are adjusted, and the temperature is preferably 150 ℃ for 5 min.
And (3) hot melting and laminating of the fabric: the produced film is produced on transfer paper, and is subsequently combined with the fabric in a transfer attaching mode to form a double-layer or three-layer composite fabric.
The water washing is water washing to replace PEO filaments to form micropores, the water washing mode is preferably open-width water washing, the water washing is water washing at 30-50 ℃ for 1-5 min, and the specific process is adjusted according to the thickness of the membrane, the PEO dosage, the functional index requirements and the like.
Further, the washing with water is preferably carried out at 40 ℃ for 3 min.
The invention provides an application of the moisture permeable film.
The invention combines the electrostatic spinning technology and the PU film technology, and adds the electrostatic spinning superfine fiber as a filler into the PU pulp. After the PU film is prepared and the fabric is attached, the PEO water-soluble fiber used as the filler is dissolved out through water washing replacement, so that a micropore channel is formed in the PU film.
Advantageous effects
(1) The invention combines the electrostatic spinning technology and the water-based PU moisture permeable membrane technology, improves the waterproof and moisture permeable performance of the PU membrane, and solves the problems of low productivity and insufficient strength of the electrostatic spinning membrane. In the PU wet-permeable pulp, polyethylene oxide (PEO) is drawn into superfine fibers by utilizing an electrostatic spinning technology and is implanted into the superfine fibers.
(2) According to the invention, through an electrostatic spinning method, submicron PEO filaments are embedded into a PU system, and a dimensional porous structure is formed in PU through dissolution of PEO, so that the moisture permeability of PU is improved. Meanwhile, compared with a pure electrostatic spinning film, the PU can be utilized to improve the strength, and the capacity problem is solved. Balance is obtained between the two, namely the poor moisture permeability of the PU film is improved, the defects of low productivity and poor strength of the electrostatic spinning film are overcome, and preparation is made for the TPFE film after the TPFE film is forbidden to be used;
(3) compared with PU films, the moisture permeability of the novel waterproof moisture-permeable film obtained by adopting the process of the invention is improved by 30-80%, the strength is improved by 100-150% compared with that of an electrostatic spinning film, and the adhesiveness and the subsequent processability are better.
(4) The invention retains the swelling and moisture permeability of the PU film and endows the PU film with microporous moisture permeability (the invention can obviously improve the moisture permeability of the PU film). Since the content of the electrospinning is less than 5% in the using process, the manufacturing efficiency of the film can be improved.
(5) Because the production efficiency of electrostatic spinning is very low, the film forming efficiency mainly depends on the speed of electrostatic spinning, and the production efficiency is low by adopting 100 percent electrostatic spinning (such as CN104562444A) in the traditional film forming mode; the invention only uses electrostatic spinning as the filler, and the content is lower than 5%, which can effectively improve the film-making efficiency. While avoiding the strength problem of electrostatically spun membranes. The whole processing process and finished products do not contain fluoride components, are more beneficial to environmental protection and are one of effective substitution modes of the TPFE membrane.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a TEM image of the micro-porous effect of the surface of the membrane in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a TEM image of the microporous effect of the membrane surface of example 2;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a manufacturing apparatus.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The taslon fabric comprises: 228 strips of 150D nylon fabric, available from Fujian Huabao Co
Example 1
The preparation method of the electrostatic spinning 15 mu-thick microporous middle permeable membrane comprises the following steps: 15 μmeans thickness and pore size of about 150 nm.
The production process flow comprises the following steps: (PU spraying and electrostatic spinning), heating and curing to form a film, hot melting and laminating the fabric, washing and drying to obtain a finished product.
The PU spraying and electrostatic spinning process is carried out in a three-spraying and three-spinning mode, and the three-stage process comprises the following material loading ratios: first section 32.5% PU + 0.5% PEO, second section 33.5% PU + 0.5% PEO, third section 32% PU + 1% PEO. (percent by mass)
The specific parameters are as follows: a PEO electrostatic spinning and drawing process, wherein the electrostatic voltage of a first section is 50KV, the electrostatic voltage of a second section is 50KV, the electrostatic voltage of a third section is 75KV, and the spinning height is 25 cm; and (3) a PU spraying process, wherein the spraying height is 30cm, and the spraying particle size is 30-80 microns.
The molecular weight of the adopted PEO is 12 ten thousand, and the molecular weight of the PU is 5-8 ten thousand by using scientific Insqin.
Drying and crosslinking at 170 ℃ for 3 minutes; hot-melt-bonding a 150-degree hot-melt-bonded taslon fabric (1 layer); and (5) washing with 40-degree open width water for 3 minutes and drying.
Figure BDA0002431560190000041
The strength of the finished product is 25N, and the finished product meets the test standard by the test method GB/T3917.4. The moisture permeability of the finished product is improved by 35 percent compared with that of a PU film finished product, and the strength of the finished product is improved by 140 percent compared with that of a pure electrostatic spinning film.
As shown in figure 1 in an electron microscope appearance test, the process can form a good micro-porous effect on the film layer; in addition, the test result shows that the main indexes of the process meet the requirements of the moderate waterproof and moisture permeable standards of the company.
Example 2
Production process of high-permeability 10 mu waterproof moisture-permeable film with aperture of about 200nm
The production process flow comprises the following steps: (PU spraying and electrostatic spinning), heating and curing to form a film, hot melting and laminating fabric, washing and drying, and obtaining a finished product
The PU spraying and electrostatic spinning process is carried out in a two-spraying and three-spinning mode, and the process material loading ratio is as follows: the first section of electrostatic spinning is 0.5% of PEO, the second section is 40% of PU + 2.5% of PEO, and the third section is 60% of PU + 2% of PEO; (in mass percent)
The specific parameters are as follows: the PEO electrostatic spinning and drawing process comprises the steps of firstly, obtaining a first section of electrostatic voltage of 50KV, secondly, obtaining a second section of electrostatic voltage of 80KV, thirdly, obtaining a third section of electrostatic voltage of 75KV, and obtaining a spinning height of 25 cm; and (3) a PU spraying process, wherein the spraying height is 30cm, and the spraying particle size is 30-80 microns.
Wherein the molecular weight of the PEO is 9 ten thousand, the molecular weight of the PU is 5-8 ten thousand by using the scientific Insqin.
Drying and crosslinking at 160 ℃ for 3 minutes; hot-melt-bonding a 150-degree hot-melt-bonded taslon fabric (1 layer); and (5) washing with 50-degree open width water for 4 minutes and drying.
Figure BDA0002431560190000051
The strength of the finished product is 18N, and the finished product meets the test standard and the test method GB/T3917.4. The moisture permeability of the finished product is improved by 45 percent compared with that of a PU film finished product, and the strength of the finished product is improved by 120 percent compared with that of a pure electrostatic spinning film.
As can be seen from the appearance test of an electron microscope, the process can form good micro-porous effect on the film layer, and the porosity of the film is obviously improved compared with that of a transparent film; as shown in the sexual test result, the main indexes of the process meet the requirements of high waterproof and moisture permeable standards of companies. In addition, the water pressure resistance of the film is reduced as the amount of PEO is increased, and attention should be paid during the processing.

Claims (10)

1. A moisture-permeable film is characterized in that the moisture-permeable film is obtained by filling Polyurethane (PU) with polyethylene oxide (PEO) fibers to form a composite film and dissolving out the PEO by washing with water.
2. The moisture-permeable film according to claim 1, wherein the polyethylene oxide (PEO) fibers have a diameter of 80-300 nm; wherein the molecular weight of the polyethylene oxide PEO is 8-15 ten thousand.
3. The moisture-permeable film according to claim 1, wherein the polyethylene oxide PEO fiber-filled polyurethane PU is: polyethylene oxide (PEO) is subjected to electrostatic spinning to obtain PEO fibers, and the PEO fibers are added into the PU spraying material; the polyethylene oxide (PEO) content in the composite membrane is 0.1-5% by mass.
4. The moisture-permeable film according to claim 1, wherein the moisture-permeable film has microporous channels with a pore size of 80 to 300 nm.
5. A method for preparing a moisture permeable film, comprising:
spraying PU spraying materials by adopting a multi-nozzle, combining with electrostatic spinning polyethylene oxide (PEO) fibers, adding PEO into PU synchronously or in a segmented manner, heating and crosslinking to obtain a polyethylene oxide (PEO) fiber/Polyurethane (PU) composite membrane;
and (3) hot-melting and laminating the composite film and the fabric, washing and drying to obtain the moisture permeable film.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the addition is specifically: the method is carried out by adopting a three-spraying and three-static wire drawing mode or a two-spraying and three-wire drawing mode.
7. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the PU spray material sprayed by the multiple spray heads and the electrostatic spinning polyethylene oxide (PEO) fiber are combined in a three-spray three-electrostatic spinning mode, and the three-stage process comprises the following material loading ratios: first section 32.5% PU and 0.5% PEO, second section 33.5% PU and 0.5% PEO, third section 32% PU and 1% PEO.
8. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the PU spraying material sprayed by the multiple spray heads and the electrostatic spinning polyethylene oxide (PEO) fiber are combined in a two-spraying and three-spinning mode, and the process material loading ratio is as follows: the first section was electrospun with 0.5% PEO, the second section was 40% PU and 2.5% PEO, and the third section was 60% PU and 2% PEO.
9. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heating crosslinking is performed at 170 ℃ for 3-5 min; the water washing is carried out for 1-5 min at 30-50 ℃.
10. Use of the moisture-permeable film according to claim 1.
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CN105926156A (en) * 2016-01-27 2016-09-07 青岛科技大学 Porous trans-rubber superfine fiber non-woven fabric as well as preparation method and application thereof
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CN104480546A (en) * 2015-01-19 2015-04-01 上海理工大学 Electrospinning paralleling shaft spinning head with angle correlation and application
CN105926156A (en) * 2016-01-27 2016-09-07 青岛科技大学 Porous trans-rubber superfine fiber non-woven fabric as well as preparation method and application thereof
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CN115044093B (en) * 2022-06-24 2023-08-04 厦门安踏体育用品有限公司 Porous moisture-permeable membrane and preparation method and application thereof

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