CN111528983A - 胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管 - Google Patents
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- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
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- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
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- A61B17/32037—Fluid jet cutting instruments for removing obstructions from inner organs or blood vessels, e.g. for atherectomy
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
- A61B17/22031—Gripping instruments, e.g. forceps, for removing or smashing calculi
- A61B2017/22035—Gripping instruments, e.g. forceps, for removing or smashing calculi for retrieving or repositioning foreign objects
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- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
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- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
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- A61B2217/005—Auxiliary appliance with suction drainage system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2217/00—General characteristics of surgical instruments
- A61B2217/002—Auxiliary appliance
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Abstract
胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管属于医疗器械制造技术领域。本装置分为刀头、管体和尾部。刀头为多通道硬质金属材质,呈柱形,上面呈弧形凹面,中央有吸引通道,吸引通道周围的管壁内设有环形排列的进水通道,出水通道呈L型,经出水孔射出的高速水流呈放射状汇聚于一点,底端设置有的环形金属管,与刀头和体部的进水通道相通。管体为双通道塑料管,包括吸引通道和进水通道,进水通道尾部呈L型,与表面有螺纹的硬质单通道金属接头相通,体部进水通道外由软金属管和螺旋状缠绕在软金属管外的钢丝管包裹。尾部为单通道硬质塑料管,外壁设有螺纹。本发明的优点是,适合所有结石的碎石、效率高、安全性好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械制造技术领域,涉及一种微创医疗技术及手术器械,用于胆道镜下碎石的器械,具体地说是一种胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管。
背景技术
胆结石是临床一种常见病和多发病,其中胆结石可诱发急性胆囊炎、急性胆管炎、梗阻性黄疸、急性胰腺炎等并发症,持续性胆道梗阻可引起胆汁淤积性肝硬化、肝功能衰竭,甚至危及患者生命。
胆结石的传统手术方法包括:肝切除术、胆肠吻合术及肝移植术。随着微创技术的发展以及对脏器功能保护意识的日益提高,目前胆管结石多采取胆道镜取石的手术方法。对于米粒大小的结石,可将吸附器套在胆道镜头端,通过负压将结石吸入吸附器内取出;直径5-1cm的结石,可经胆道镜钳道置入取石网篮,张开网篮套取结石即可将结石取出。但是如果结石超过1cm,网篮套取结石相对困难,而且过大的结石无法经胆总管、瘘道或腹腔镜戳卡取出,此时多采取碎石技术,将结石击碎后再使用取石网篮及吸附器将碎石取出。
目前的胆道镜下碎石技术包括:等离子碎石技术、钬激光碎石技术等,其中等离子碎石又称为液电碎石,通过施以极高电压,电极会电离水分子,产生等离子体,离子爆炸产生电子气泡,形成冲击波,其次上述过程会释放大量热能,使局部水温急剧升高,产生空化效应,又可形成冲击波,从而使结石破碎。钬激光碎石是通过光纤传到激光,使光纤末端与结石之间的水气化,形成微笑的空泡,并将能量传至结石,是结石粉碎。上述技术对于坚硬的胆固醇结石具有较好的碎石作用,但是对于相对较软的胆色素结石,其效果相对较差。其次,经胆道镜钳道插入碎石导线后,钳道送水空间变小,胆道镜头端送水量较小,导致碎石粉末污染内镜视野,影响了碎石的进程。
水刀,即高压水射流切割技术,压力高于200Mpa的水刀被广泛应用于陶瓷、石材、剥离、金属、符合材料等硬质材料的切割,泡沫、纸、内饰物等软性材料切割,污染物的清除等。随着技术的发展,出现了便携式的低压水刀,工作压力为25-50Mpa。与激光切割和等离子切割相比,水刀属于冷态切割,无明显热效应,适合任何材质的打孔、切割。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供一种适合所有结石的碎石、效率高、安全性好的胆道镜用水刀碎石导管。
本发明装置由刀头1、管体2和尾部3构成;刀头1呈管状,内设有吸引通道4,顶端表面设置有向内侧出水的进水通道5出水孔,底端设置的环形管9与进水通道5相通;管体2为双通道管,内部设置有吸引通道6和进水通道7,进水通道7上端与环形管9相通,下端与尾部3设置的接头8相通;尾部3外壁还设置有螺纹;
刀头1长1cm,直径2.7mm,内径2mm;
刀头1为硬质金属材质,其内设置的进水通道5有4-8条,环形管9为金属管;
刀头1顶端表面呈弧形凹面,设置有环形排列的进水通道5出水孔向内的出水角α是30-60度;
管体2为塑料管;
进水通道7是由螺旋状缠绕的钢丝管包裹的软金属管;
管体2长100-120cm,外径2.7mm,内径1.8mm,进水通道7内径0.2-0.5mm;
尾部3为单通道硬质塑料管;
尾部3设置的接头8为表面有螺纹的硬质单通道金属管。
尾部3长2-5cm,外径3-4mm,内径2mm。
本发明所达到的有益效果是:
1.本发明适合胆固醇结石、胆色素结石、混合结石等所有结石的碎石;
2.本发发明在进行碎石的同时,能够对视野进行冲洗,保持视野的清洁,大大提高碎石效率。
3.本发明的头端高速水流汇聚于一点,发挥最大的碎石效果,水流汇聚后速度明显减慢,增加了碎石的安全性。
4.本发明在进行碎石时,可将碎石及进入胆管的水吸出体外。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图,
图2是本发明刀头冠状面、水流方向及出水角度的放大示意图,
图3是本发明管体横截面的放大示意图,
其中,1.刀头,2.管体,3.尾部,4.吸引通道,5.进水通道,6.吸引通道,7.进水通道,8.接头,9.环形金属管,10.高速水流汇聚点,11.高速水流,α.出水角度。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
本发明装置由刀头1、管体2和尾部3构成,刀头1为硬质金属材质,呈管状,长1cm,外径2.7mm,内径2mm,中央有吸引通道4,顶端表面呈弧形凹面,吸引通道4周围的凹面上设置的环形排列的5条进水通道5出水孔向内的出水角α是30度,经出水孔射出的高速水流11呈放射状汇聚于一点10,底端设置的环形金属管9与进水通道5相通;管体2为双通道管,长100cm,外径2.7mm,内径1.8mm,内部设置有吸引通道6和进水通道7,进水通道7是由螺旋状缠绕的钢丝管包裹的软金属管,内径0.2mm,尾部呈L型,进水通道7上端与环形金属管9相通,下端与尾部3设置的表面有螺纹的硬质单通道金属管接头8相通;尾部3为单通道硬质塑料管,长2cm,外径4mm,内径2mm,外壁还设置有螺纹。
胆道镜下发现结石后,经胆道镜钳道置入本装置,尾部3连接负压吸引管,接头8连接高压水管,将本装置头端靠近结石,接通高压水流后将结石击碎,碎石及水被吸出体外。
Claims (10)
1.胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管,其特征在于,由刀头(1)、管体(2)和尾部(3)构成;刀头(1)呈管状,内设有吸引通道(4),顶端表面设置有向内侧出水的进水通道(5)出水孔,底端设置的环形管(9)与进水通道(5)相通;管体(2)为双通道管,内部设置有吸引通道(6)和进水通道(7),进水通道(7)上端与环形管(9)相通,下端与尾部(3)设置的接头(8)相通;尾部(3)外壁还设置有螺纹。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管,其特征在于,刀头(1)长1cm,直径2.7mm,内径2mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管,其特征在于,刀头(1)为硬质金属材质,其内设置的进水通道(5)有4-8条,环形管(9)为金属管。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的一种胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管,其特征在于,刀头(1)顶端表面呈弧形凹面,设置有环形排列的进水通道(5)出水孔向内的出水角α是30-60度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管,其特征在于,管体(2)为塑料管。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管,其特征在于,进水通道(7)是由螺旋状缠绕的钢丝管包裹的软金属管。
7.根据权利要求1、5或6所述的一种胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管,其特征在于,管体(2)长100-120cm,外径2.7mm,内径1.8mm,进水通道(7)内径0.2-0.5mm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管,其特征在于,尾部(3)为单通道硬质塑料管。
9.根据权利要求1或8所述的一种胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管,其特征在于,尾部(3)设置的接头(8)为表面有螺纹的硬质单通道金属管。
10.根据权利要求1或8所述的一种胆道镜用水刀碎石冲洗导管,其特征在于,尾部(3)长2-5cm,直径3-4mm,内径2mm。
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