CN111528484A - Composition for promoting recovery from fatigue after exercise, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composition for promoting recovery from fatigue after exercise, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composition prepared from essential amino acid and used for promoting fatigue recovery after exercise, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composition comprises 30-45% of L-leucine, 9-20% of L-isoleucine, 8-19% of L-valine, 5-10% of L-threonine, 15-22% of L-lysine hydrochloride, 1-5.5% of L-methionine, 1-3% of L-histidine, 1-6% of L-phenylalanine and 1-3% of L-tryptophan; the composition has good application effect in promoting the recovery from fatigue after exercise, and proved by taking the composition of the invention in long-term endurance exercise, the composition has the effects of prolonging the exercise time for exhaustion, accelerating the recovery of blood sugar after exhaustion exercise, promoting the elimination of harmful metabolites lactic acid and urea nitrogen, and promoting the recovery from fatigue after exercise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nutritional composition, in particular to a composition for promoting fatigue recovery after exercise, which consists of essential amino acids, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Sports fatigue is an important problem that global sports enthusiasts must face, and its definition refers to a physiological phenomenon that the body's working (exercise) ability is temporarily reduced during exercise, which can be manifested as slow movement, insensitivity, and reduced coordination ability of movement, but after appropriate rest and adjustment, the original function level can be restored. Research reports that exercise can cause the loss of body substances and energy, accumulation of lactic acid, increase of free radicals, reduction or disorder of neuroendocrine system function and the like, so that the integrity of muscle fibers is changed, the contraction and relaxation functions of exercise muscles are changed, the relative balance state of the body is damaged, and the exercise fatigue is promoted to be generated. Therefore, the fatigue recovery is an important link in sports, and the effective fatigue recovery not only can improve the performance of the sporter, but also can well improve the overall literacy of the organism. With the increasing awareness of the public about body building, the demand for products for relieving sports fatigue is on the rise, and some natural products or carbohydrates, some antioxidants and the like are applied to the recovery of sports fatigue.
Products for promoting recovery from fatigue after exercise contain components such as carbohydrates, creatine, proteins, and the like in many cases. In the process of exercise of different degrees, muscle glycogen and liver glycogen are main energy supply substances and participate in ATP synthesis, and glycogen depletion is one of the determining factors of fatigue, so that the supplement of carbohydrate nutrients can improve the exercise capacity of sportsmen and promote the recovery of the exercise capacity of the body, and the carbohydrate nutritional supplement is often used as a main component of an anti-fatigue nutritional supplement. But has a limitation in that fatigue tends to be aggravated after strenuous exercise by taking a high sugar supplement for a long period of time. Creatine is an effective nutritional supplement, can improve muscle acid storage in muscle, promotes the resynthesis of creatine phosphate and ATP after exercise, ensures energy supply and achieves the effect of promoting fatigue recovery, but oral creatine inevitably causes side effects such as dehydration, body quality increase, endogenous creatine synthesis inhibition and the like, and causes certain harm to human bodies after long-term administration, so creatine products need to be applied carefully. The protein supplement is mainly used for relieving fatigue caused by muscle injury during high-intensity exercise, relieving muscle inflammation and oxidative injury during exercise, and improving immunity. However, the total type and amount of protein supplements may vary during different exercises, and changes in the composition and amount of protein supplements for fatigue recovery may also cause differences in efficacy.
A series of related compositions for promoting recovery from sports fatigue are described in the prior patent literature: patent CN1759761A provides a sports beverage containing L-glutamine, taurine, creatine, vitamins, gypenoside, glucose, trace elements, whey protein and other main ingredients for rapidly promoting recovery from sports fatigue, which can maintain and improve the exercise ability and promote recovery after sports, and enhance the immune function of athletes, but because of the creatine contained therein, it is not beneficial to long-term administration; patent CN105558528 provides a composition of natural extracts, which mainly comprises maca powder, rhodiola powder, crabapple powder, mentha leave powder and the like, has comprehensive anti-fatigue effect, can regulate fatigue caused by acute exercise, enhance liver glycogen storage function and the like, and has complex components.
Among the essential amino acids in the human body, the branched chain amino acid BCAA, particularly leucine, has a strong effect of stimulating muscle synthesis, but its effect in promoting recovery from exercise fatigue is still controversial. Research reports that human bodies can relieve muscle pain and injury caused by exercise after taking the protein supplement with high leucine content, relieve oxidative stress generated in short-term endurance exercise and promote fatigue recovery after exercise. Meanwhile, researches report that the intake of the leucine-containing supplement after exercise may not have a significant influence on exercise performance, and compared with simple endurance exercise, the supplement containing leucine does not prolong the exercise exhaustion time and relieve oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction and the like. Meanwhile, researches show that the intake of the supplement containing the BCAA also causes the reduction of the content of other essential amino acids in blood, so that the differences of the selection and the proportion of the amino acid components in the sports nutrition product for promoting the fatigue recovery after sports can show some efficacy specificities to a certain extent.
The whey protein is a protein with high nutritive value and is derived from milk, widely applied to sports people to improve sports performance, and also applied to supplements for promoting fatigue recovery as a main functional component. The active ingredients of the whey protein comprise eight essential amino acids and have higher content of branched chain amino acids, and the content of fat and lactose is low, so the research reports that the ingestion of the whey protein after exercise has better effect of promoting muscle synthesis, and simultaneously, the recovery of the muscle function after endurance exercise can be accelerated. However, studies report that oxidative stress caused by endurance exercise is an important factor causing fatigue, and whey protein components do not have antioxidant ability, so that the anti-fatigue effect thereof still has a certain limitation.
In view of the above, there is a need to develop a novel product for promoting recovery from fatigue after endurance exercise to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a composition for promoting fatigue recovery after exercise, which is scientifically prepared and composed of essential amino acids, by establishing a rat weight-bearing swimming exercise model, simulating the endurance exercise process of a human body and detecting the fatigue recovery effect after exercise, the result shows that the effect of prolonging exercise exhaustion time, promoting the recovery of blood sugar after exhaustion exercise, promoting the elimination of harmful metabolite lactic acid and urea nitrogen and verifying the fatigue recovery promoting effect of the composition after exercise is achieved, and the result shows that compared with whey protein, the better fatigue recovery promoting effect after exercise is achieved.
The invention provides a composition for promoting fatigue recovery after exercise, which consists of essential amino acids, and comprises the following amino acids in percentage by weight: 30-45% of L-leucine, 9-20% of L-isoleucine, 8-19% of L-valine, 5-10% of L-threonine, 15-22% of L-lysine hydrochloride, 1-5.5% of L-methionine, 1-3% of L-histidine, 1-6% of L-phenylalanine and 1-3% of L-tryptophan; especially, the composition of the group of example 1 has better effect of promoting the recovery from fatigue after exercise.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned composition for promoting recovery from fatigue after exercise, which comprises the steps of: crushing the amino acid raw material to a particle size of less than 100 mu m, mixing, preferably to a particle size of less than 75 mu m, and adding 1-10% by mass of phospholipid as a cosolvent to obtain the amino acid product, wherein the addition amount of the cosolvent is 1-5% of the total weight of the product.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of a composition prepared from the essential amino acids described above in the preparation of a medicament for promoting recovery from fatigue after exercise. Especially has good effects in the aspects of long-term endurance exercise and prolonged exhaustion exercise time.
Furthermore, the application is the application of the composition prepared from the essential amino acid in preparing foods, health-care products and medicines for promoting fatigue recovery after sports.
Further, the composition prepared from the essential amino acids as an active ingredient is formulated into a solid or liquid preparation.
Furthermore, the application refers to the application of the composition prepared from the essential amino acid in preparing products for increasing blood sugar rise after exercise and reducing blood lactic acid and blood urea nitrogen.
Furthermore, the dosage of the composition prepared from the essential amino acid is 0.12g-0.17/kg BW/day; oral administration is preferred.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the composition prepared from the essential amino acid is taken simultaneously in long-term endurance exercise, so that the composition has the effects of prolonging exercise time for exhaustion, accelerating the recovery of blood sugar after exhaustion exercise, promoting the elimination of harmful metabolites, namely lactic acid and urea nitrogen, and achieving the effect of promoting the recovery from fatigue after exercise.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a statistical graph of the exhausted exercise time of rats in the blank control group, the weight swimming group, the EAA1 group, the EAA2 group, the EAA3 group and the WP group.
FIG. 2 is a statistical graph of the body weight of rats in the blank control group, weight swimming group, EAA group and WP group.
FIG. 3 is a statistical chart of blood glucose changes of rats in the blank control group, weight swimming group, EAA group and WP group.
FIG. 4A is a statistical chart of blood lactate content of rats in blank control group, weight swimming group, EAA group and WP group.
FIG. 4B is a statistical chart of blood urea nitrogen content of rats in blank control group, weight swimming group, EAA group and WP group.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
All percentages, percentages in this application are by mass unless explicitly stated otherwise.
Example 1
The invention prepares the amino acid microcapsule powder composition with the following mixture ratio of table 1, and the preparation method of the amino acid product comprises the following steps: 1. crushing the amino acid raw materials to reduce the granularity of the raw materials from D99300 mu m to 75 mu m or lower; 2. adding phospholipid with the weight of 1% of the product as a cosolvent, and adding the phospholipid into the product after the phospholipid is prepared to have the concentration of 5%; 3. and (4) obtaining an amino acid product by utilizing a granulating and mixing process.
TABLE 1 amino acid microcapsule powder compositions of different proportions
Composition (I) | EAA1(%) | EAA2(%) | EAA3(%) |
L-leucine | 41.5 | 30 | 43 |
L-isoleucine | 10.5 | 20 | 9 |
L-valine | 10.6 | 8 | 18 |
L-threonine | 8.8 | 10 | 5 |
L-lysine hydrochloride | 17 | 15 | 21 |
L-methionine | 2.9 | 5 | 1 |
L-histidine | 2.5 | 3 | 1 |
L-phenylalanine | 4 | 6 | 1 |
L-tryptophan | 2.2 | 3 | 1 |
The following examples use whey protein as a control, simulate endurance exercise at animal level, ingest the following amino acid microcapsule powder compositions or controls to verify the muscle building effect of the product.
Example 2
Influence of different proportions of EAA microcapsule powder composition (EAA1, EAA2 and EAA3) on exhaustive exercise time of load swimming rats
(I) test materials
(1) Experimental animals:
strain: wistar rats, male, SPF grade;
the source is as follows: SPF animal center of university of Dalian medicine;
weight: 180-220g
Number of animals per group: 10 pieces of
(2) The test substance: the EAA microcapsule powder compositions (EAA1 group, EAA2 group and EAA3 group) with the dosage of 756mg/kg BW according to 3 different mixture ratios in the table 1; before the supplement is used, EAA microcapsule powder or WP powder with different proportions is respectively dissolved in water to obtain a gastric lavage sample solution which is taken by gastric lavage according to grouping requirements.
(3) Control substance: whey protein powder WP (WP group) with the dosage of 2079m g/kg & BW;
(II) Experimental method
Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, and each group was fed with regular basal diet. The test results were blank control group, weight swimming + EAA1 group, weight swimming + EAA2 group, weight swimming + EAA3 group, and weight swimming + WP group, respectively. The treatment method comprises the following steps: wherein the blank control group: daily activities of rats; weight-bearing swimming sport group: the rats carry out weight-bearing swimming exercise every 3 days, wherein the exercise mode is that the tail of each rat bears a lead block with the weight of 10 percent, and the rats spontaneously swim in a swimming water tank for 10-15 min. The supplement group was gavaged 2 hours after exercise as per the group requirements. The experimental time was 7 weeks. After 7 weeks of experiment period is finished, carrying out exhaustive heavy swimming movement on all the grouped rats, wherein the movement mode is that the tail of each rat bears 10% weight lead, swimming in a water tank until exhaustion, the judgment exhaustion standard is that the rat can not float upwards within 5s of water bottom, fishing out after exhaustion, detecting the duration time of the exhaustive heavy swimming movement of all the rats, namely exhaustion time, detecting the weight of the rats, and extracting blood of 0min, 30min, 60min and 90min of recovery period of each group of rats from jugular vein for detection of blood indexes.
The following examples were statistically analyzed using GraphPad prism5.0 statistical software, with the metrics expressed as mean. + -. standard deviation (mean. + -. SEM), and comparisons between groups were statistically significant using unpaired t test (unpaired ttest) with P <0.05 as the difference. P <0.05, P <0.001, compared to the weight swimming group, # P <0.01, # P <0.001 compared to the EAA group.
(III) results of the experiment
The rats in each group grew well in the whole test period, and no diarrhea or death phenomenon occurs, and abnormal behaviors do not appear. Research shows that the exhaustion exercise time of animals intuitively reflects the anti-fatigue capability of the animals. As shown in fig. 1, the weight swimming group had a significantly higher exhaustion time than the normal group, indicating that the activity amount in this exercise mode can significantly increase the exhaustion time. Under the same movement mode, compared with a load swimming group and a whey protein powder (WP) group, the exhaustion time of amino acid microcapsule powder groups (EAA1 group, EAA2 group and EAA3 group) in each proportion is also obviously increased, the average exhaustion time of the amino acid microcapsule powder groups respectively reaches 108.556min, 86min and 100.444min, is higher than the average exhaustion time of the load swimming group (67.7min) and the WP group (58.7273min), the exhaustion time of the EAA1 group is obviously higher than that of other proportion groups, the proportion of the amino acid microcapsule powder groups is improved by 26% compared with the EAA2 group, and the proportion of the amino acid microcapsule powder groups is improved by 8% compared with the EAA3 group). The result proves that the intake of the amino acid microcapsule powder prepared by the EAA1 in 7 weeks can obviously prolong the exhaustion time, and the effect is superior to other proportions (EAA2 group and EAA3 group), namely the amino acid microcapsule powder prepared by the EAA1 proportion has better fatigue recovery promoting effect.
Example 3
Effect of EAA microcapsule powder composition (EAA1) on weight of weight bearing swimming sports rats
(I) test materials
(1) Experimental animals: same as example 1
(2) The test substance: same as example 1
(II) Experimental method
Rats in the white control group, weight swimming group, EAA1 proportion amino acid group (example 1) and WP group in example 1 were weighed.
(III) results of the experiment
The rats in each group grew well in the whole test period, and no diarrhea or death phenomenon occurs, and abnormal behaviors do not appear. As shown in fig. 2, there was no significant difference in body weight between the rats in each group at the end of 7 weeks, demonstrating that ingestion of EAA1 microcapsule powder (example 1) and whey protein WP powder did not have a significant effect on body weight at 7 weeks.
Example 4
Effect of EAA1 microcapsule powder composition (example 1) on the Change in the content of energized substance in blood during recovery phase of weight swimming sports rats
(I) test materials
Blood samples from the groups of rats of example 2 at 0min, 30min, 60min, 90min recovery period, animal glucometers purchased from Bayer
(II) Experimental method
Direct detection of blood glucose levels in blood samples using a glucometer
(III) results of the experiment
Saccharides are the main energy-providing substances in the body, and there is a consumption of blood sugar during endurance exercise. The blood sugar will gradually rise during the recovery process after exercise. Intake of the recovery-promoting nutritional supplement may increase the rate of recovery of blood glucose to varying degrees. As shown in fig. 3, during recovery, blood glucose levels in each group were in an up-regulation trend. The ingestion of 2 supplements all quickens the speed of blood sugar recovery, wherein the up-regulation trend of the EAA1 group (example 1) is obviously better than that of the whey protein powder WP group, the blood sugar of the EAA1 group is up-regulated by 1.8 times, 2.1 times and 2.4 times respectively at 30min, 60min and 90min by taking the 0min blood sugar after exhaustion as a reference, and the blood sugar is correspondingly improved by 57.9%, 71.8% and 88.2% compared with the WP group. This result demonstrates that ingestion of 7 weeks of EAA1 microencapsulated powder (example 1) significantly promoted upregulation of energy providing material during the recovery period, and that the effect was superior to WP powder.
Example 5
Effect of EAA1 microcapsule powder composition (example 1) on metabolite content in blood during recovery phase of weight-bearing swimming sports rats (Experimental materials)
Blood samples from each group of rats of example 2 at recovery periods of 0min, 30min, 60min and 90min, and metabolite detection kits were purchased from Nanjing Biotechnology Ltd.
(II) Experimental method
Standing the obtained blood sample at room temperature for 1-2h, placing in a low-temperature high-speed centrifuge, setting the temperature at 4 ℃, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 15min, and obtaining light yellow supernatant which is blood plasma. After plasma was removed, it was immediately stored at-80 ℃. Detection is carried out according to the operational instructions of a lactic acid detection kit and a urea nitrogen detection kit of Nanjing Biotechnology Limited.
(III) results of the experiment
During endurance exercise, along with the generation of fatigue, the body accumulates a large amount of harmful fatigue metabolites, wherein lactic acid and urea nitrogen are the most typical harmful metabolites and are gradually metabolized by the body in the recovery process. As shown in fig. 4A, during recovery, each group showed a downward trend in blood lactate. And the intake of 2 supplements is accelerated to reduce the blood lactic acid content, and the effect is more remarkable after 60min exhaustion. Among them, the EAA1 microcapsule powder composition (example 1) group showed a tendency to lower the blood lactic acid content comparable to the whey protein powder WP group. As shown in fig. 4B, the blood urea nitrogen of each group was in a downward trend during the recovery period. Ingestion of 2 supplements significantly reduced blood urea nitrogen content at each time point. The 2 supplements were comparable in their ability to reduce blood urea nitrogen content and did not show significant differences. Taken together with the above results, ingestion of the 7-week EAA1 microcapsule powder composition (example 1) accelerated elimination of harmful metabolites and the effect was comparable to whey protein WP powder.
In combination with the above examples, it can be seen that ingestion of the 7-week EAA microcapsule powder composition (example 1) promotes recovery from post-exercise fatigue without changing body weight.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A composition for promoting recovery from fatigue after exercise, comprising: the amino acid feed additive consists of the following amino acid raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-45% of L-leucine, 9-20% of L-isoleucine, 8-19% of L-valine, 5-10% of L-threonine, 15-22% of L-lysine hydrochloride, 1-5.5% of L-methionine, 1-3% of L-histidine, 1-6% of L-phenylalanine and 1-3% of L-tryptophan.
2. A method of preparing a post-exercise fatigue recovery promoting composition of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: crushing an amino acid raw material to the particle size of below 100 mu m, mixing, and adding 1-10% mass concentration phospholipid as a cosolvent to obtain an amino acid product, wherein the addition amount of the cosolvent is 1-5% of the total weight of the product.
3. Use of a composition according to claim 1 for promoting recovery from fatigue after exercise.
4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the composition is applied to preparing foods, health-care products and medicines for promoting fatigue recovery after exercise.
5. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the composition is used as an active ingredient and is prepared into a solid or liquid preparation.
6. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the application refers to the application of the composition in preparing products for increasing blood sugar rise after exercise and reducing blood lactic acid and blood urea nitrogen.
7. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the dosage of the composition is 0.12g-0.17/kg BW/day.
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CN116138450A (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-05-23 | 山东深海生物科技股份有限公司 | Sports nutritional composition containing 5-aminolevulinic acid or derivative thereof, and preparation method and application thereof |
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