CN111528345A - Preparation method of enzymatic soybean meal and application of enzymatic soybean meal in micropterus salmoides feed - Google Patents
Preparation method of enzymatic soybean meal and application of enzymatic soybean meal in micropterus salmoides feed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111528345A CN111528345A CN202010423770.2A CN202010423770A CN111528345A CN 111528345 A CN111528345 A CN 111528345A CN 202010423770 A CN202010423770 A CN 202010423770A CN 111528345 A CN111528345 A CN 111528345A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soybean meal
- enzymolysis
- feed
- meal
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 241001125889 Micropterus salmoides Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 title description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000007071 enzymatic hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108090000145 Bacillolysin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 102000035092 Neutral proteases Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 108091005507 Neutral proteases Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007974 sodium acetate buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BHZOKUMUHVTPBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium acetic acid acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(O)=O.CC([O-])=O BHZOKUMUHVTPBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010011619 6-Phytase Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940085127 phytase Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000005840 alpha-Galactosidase Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010030291 alpha-Galactosidase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005996 Blood meal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000433 anti-nutritional effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 9
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007413 intestinal health Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 abstract description 3
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940079919 digestives enzyme preparation Drugs 0.000 description 4
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000002919 epithelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001543 one-way ANOVA Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N (R)-carnitine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C[C@H](O)CC([O-])=O PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004506 Blood Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010017384 Blood Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004856 Lectins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090001090 Lectins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nicotinamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018143 SeO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000024203 complement activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 210000002175 goblet cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002523 lectin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001518 levocarnitine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960003966 nicotinamide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000005152 nicotinamide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011570 nicotinamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004940 nucleus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002753 trypsin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011652 vitamin K3 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010082495 Dietary Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108700037728 Glycine max beta-conglycinin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002527 Glycogen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001125875 Micropterus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010014251 Muramidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000016943 Muramidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010062010 N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276618 Perciformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-RMMQSMQOSA-N Raffinose Natural products O(C[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@]2(CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O1)[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-RMMQSMQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229930187719 Soyasaponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- UQZIYBXSHAGNOE-USOSMYMVSA-N Stachyose Natural products O(C[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@]2(CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O1)[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O2)O1 UQZIYBXSHAGNOE-USOSMYMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710162629 Trypsin inhibitor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940122618 Trypsin inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD196149 Natural products OC1C(O)C(CO)OC1(CO)OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(COC2C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000890 antigenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002808 connective tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108010083391 glycinin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940096919 glycogen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002489 hematologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010020718 hyperplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002490 intestinal epithelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000037817 intestinal injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004347 intestinal mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003750 lower gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960000274 lysozyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010335 lysozyme Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004325 lysozyme Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003170 nutritional factors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N raffinose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008347 soybean phospholipid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQZIYBXSHAGNOE-XNSRJBNMSA-N stachyose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)O2)O)O1 UQZIYBXSHAGNOE-XNSRJBNMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004876 tela submucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009278 visceral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/24—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from blood
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal and application of the enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal in a largemouth black bass feed, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving an enzyme preparation in an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into the peeled soybean meal for reaction, and then heating to stop the enzymolysis reaction; adding distilled water into the reaction system to make the pH value of the reaction system neutral; adding neutral protease for enzymolysis, heating to terminate enzymolysis reaction, and freeze drying; according to the invention, the exogenous enzyme preparation is pretreated to exert the effect of the enzyme preparation before the feed is processed, so that the content of antinutritional factors in the soybean meal is reduced, the contents of proteins and small peptides in the soybean meal are improved, the nutritive value of the soybean meal is improved, and the inactivation of directly added enzyme preparation caused by high-temperature treatment in the feed processing process can be effectively avoided; the invention adds the enzymolysis soybean meal into the feed of the largemouth black bass, which can obviously improve the growth performance and the feed utilization rate of the largemouth black bass and improve the intestinal health of the largemouth black bass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nutrition and feed of aquatic animals, and particularly relates to a preparation method of enzymatic soybean meal and application of the enzymatic soybean meal in micropterus salmoides feed.
Background
The carnivorous fish has high demand on feed protein, and the fish meal is the most main protein source in the feed due to the characteristics of high protein content, balanced amino acid, good palatability, rich unknown nutritional factors and the like. However, the shortage of fish meal resources and the rising price thereof restrict their use in aquaculture feed. Therefore, the continuous search for other protein raw materials to replace fish meal in feed becomes a hot spot of academic research at home and abroad.
The vegetable protein sources such as bean pulp and the like have wide sources and relatively low prices, and have been widely applied to feeds due to the characteristics of high protein content, relatively balanced amino acid and the like. However, soybean meal cannot replace fish meal in feed at a high ratio because of a large amount of anti-nutritional factors (such as antigenic proteins, phytic acid, trypsin inhibitors, soyasaponins, lectins, and non-starch polysaccharides). Although heat-sensitive anti-nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitor, lectin, etc. can be effectively removed during the processing of the feed, non-heat-sensitive anti-nutritional factors adversely affect the digestion, absorption, metabolism of nutrients and growth health of fish. The fermentation method can remove the anti-nutritional factors in the bean pulp to a certain extent, but the use cost of the bean pulp is undoubtedly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of rich anti-nutritional factors, poor palatability and the like of soybean meal in the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide a preparation method of enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal. Aiming at the key problem that the growth and health of the largemouth black bass are seriously influenced by the high-content bean pulp in the feed, the invention greatly reduces the content of anti-nutritional factors in the bean pulp through an enzymolysis reaction and improves the palatability and the digestion and absorption of the bean pulp, thereby improving the feeding value of the bean pulp.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the enzymolysis soybean meal in the feed for micropterus salmoides.
In order to achieve the above primary object, the solution of the present invention is:
a preparation method of enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving the enzyme preparation in acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into the peeled soybean meal, reacting at 45-55 ℃ for 40-50min, and heating to 90-100 ℃ to terminate the enzymolysis reaction;
(2) adding distilled water into the reaction system in the step (1) to ensure that the content of the peeled soybean meal is 15-20 wt%, and the pH value of the reaction system is 7.5;
(3) adding neutral protease into the reaction system in the step (2), carrying out enzymolysis for 6-8h at 45-55 ℃, then heating to 90-100 ℃ to stop the enzymolysis reaction, and carrying out freeze drying.
Preferably, in step (1), the enzyme preparation is selected from one or more of phytase, pectinase, cellulase, xylanase and alpha-galactosidase.
Preferably, in step (1), the pH value of the acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer is 4.5-5.0.
An enzymolysis soybean meal, which is obtained by the preparation method.
In order to achieve the second objective, the solution of the invention is:
an application of soybean meal compound in micropterus salmoides feed.
Preferably, the soybean meal compound comprises enzymatic soybean meal and a basal feed.
Preferably, the enzymolysis soybean meal is the enzymolysis soybean meal, and the content of the enzymolysis soybean meal is 15-20 wt%.
Preferably, the basic feed comprises fish meal, shrimp meal, gluten meal, blood meal, corn gluten meal, squid liver paste, starch, beer yeast, fish oil, soybean phospholipid oil, vitamin mixture, mineral mixture, monocalcium phosphate, soybean oil and zeolite powder.
Due to the adoption of the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, in the feed production process of the prior art, enzyme preparations are mostly directly added, but the high-temperature (120 ℃) tempering flow in the compound feed processing process can cause the reduction of the activity of the enzyme preparations, and simultaneously, protease secreted by the digestive tracts of animals can also degrade the enzyme preparations.
Secondly, compared with the peeled soybean meal, the enzymolysis soybean meal reduces the content of antinutritional factors in the soybean meal by adding the exogenous enzyme preparation, improves the contents of proteins and small peptides in the soybean meal, and improves the nutritive value of the soybean meal; in addition, the enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal has the characteristics of simple preparation, convenient use, low cost and the like.
Thirdly, compared with the common peeled soybean meal and the commercial fermented soybean meal, the method for preparing the feed of the micropterus salmoides has the advantages that the growth performance and the feed utilization rate of the micropterus salmoides can be obviously improved by adding the enzymolysis soybean meal into the micropterus salmoides feed, so that the feeding value of the soybean meal in the micropterus salmoides feed is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the application of the enzymolysis soybean meal can obviously improve the immune function and intestinal health of the micropterus salmoides, and has important significance for preparing high-performance micropterus salmoides compound feed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the histological structure of the hindgut of the peeled soybean meal, the composite strain fermented soybean meal, the yeast fermented soybean meal and the enzymatic hydrolyzed soybean meal in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of enzymatic soybean meal and application of the enzymatic soybean meal in micropterus salmoides feed.
< method for producing enzymatically hydrolyzed soybean meal >
Preparing enzymolysis soybean meal: the peeled soybean meal is firstly subjected to enzymolysis by enzyme preparations such as non-starch polysaccharide enzyme, phytase and the like and then subjected to enzymolysis by neutral protease to obtain the soybean meal. In particular, the amount of the solvent to be used,
the preparation method of the enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving the enzyme preparation in acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution, mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into the peeled soybean meal to enable the content of the peeled soybean meal to be 50 wt%, reacting at 45-55 ℃ for 40-50min, and heating to 90-100 ℃ after the reaction is finished to inactivate the enzyme so as to stop the enzymolysis reaction;
(2) continuously adding distilled water into the reaction system in the step (1) to ensure that the content of the peeled soybean meal is 15-20 wt%, and adjusting the pH value of the reaction system to 7.5;
(3) adding neutral protease into the reaction system in the step (2), performing enzymolysis for 6-8h at 45-55 ℃, wherein the addition amount of the neutral protease is 3000U/g, heating to 90-100 ℃ after the reaction is finished, inactivating to stop the enzymolysis reaction, and performing freeze drying.
Wherein, in the step (1), the enzyme preparation is selected from more than one of phytase, pectinase, cellulase, xylanase and alpha-galactosidase. The addition amounts of phytase, pectinase, cellulase, xylanase and alpha-galactosidase are 10.5U/g, 16.0U/g, 50.0U/g, 80.0U/g and 0.7U/g, respectively.
In the step (1), the pH value of the acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution is 4.5-5.0.
< use of Bean pulp Complex >
The soybean meal compound can be applied to micropterus salmoides feed.
Wherein the bean pulp compound comprises enzymolysis bean pulp and basal feed.
(enzymatic soybean meal)
The enzymolysis soybean meal is the enzymolysis soybean meal, and the content of the enzymolysis soybean meal can be 15-20 wt%, and is preferably 15 wt%.
(basic feed)
The base feed may include 40 wt% fish meal, 5 wt% shrimp meal, 2 wt% gluten meal, 3 wt% blood meal, 8 wt% corn gluten meal, 2 wt% squid slip, 5 wt% starch, 2 wt% brewer's yeast, 1 wt% fish oil, 2.5 wt% soybean lecithin oil, 1 wt% vitamin mixture, 1 wt% mineral mixture, 1 wt% monocalcium phosphate, 3.5 wt% soybean oil, and 8 wt% zeolite powder.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1:
preparing enzymolysis soybean meal:
(1) dissolving phytase, pectinase, cellulase, xylanase and alpha-galactosidase in 0.2mol/L acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution with the pH value of 5.0, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, wherein the addition amounts of the phytase, the pectinase, the cellulase, the xylanase and the alpha-galactosidase are respectively 10.5U/g, 16.0U/g, 50.0U/g, 80.0U/g and 0.7U/g, weighing peeled soybean meal with certain mass, adding the mixture into the peeled soybean meal to enable the content of the peeled soybean meal to be 50 wt%, reacting for 45min at 50 ℃, immediately heating to 90 ℃ after the reaction is finished, and inactivating the enzyme to terminate the enzymolysis reaction.
(2) And (2) continuously adding distilled water into the reaction system in the step (1) to ensure that the content of the peeled soybean meal is 15 wt%, and adjusting the pH value of the reaction system to be 7.5.
(3) And (3) adding neutral protease into the reaction system in the step (2), performing enzymolysis for 6 hours at 50 ℃, wherein the addition amount of the neutral protease is 3000U/g, immediately heating to 90 ℃ after the reaction is finished, inactivating to stop the enzymolysis reaction, and performing freeze drying. According to detection, the content of antinutritional factors such as glycinin, beta-conglycinin, stachyose, raffinose and phytic acid in the enzymatic soybean meal is obviously reduced, and the content of small peptides and the content of crude protein are obviously improved (table 1).
TABLE 1 comparison of the nutritional content and anti-nutritional factor content of different soybean meals
Example 2:
the application of the enzymolysis soybean meal in the compound feed for micropterus salmoides. The largemouth bass feed is added with peeled soybean meal (15 wt%) of equal protein, commercial compound strain fermented soybean meal (lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and yeast compound fermentation), commercial yeast fermented soybean meal and the self-made enzymolysis soybean meal respectively, and four kinds of feeds with equal protein and other fats are prepared. The feed formulation is shown in table 2. All the low-lipid raw materials are crushed and pass through a 80-mesh sieve, and then are uniformly mixed according to a feed formula by a step-by-step mixing method. Thereafter, the mixed feed fat source (i.e., basal feed) is mixed with the above mixture again uniformly and sieved through a 40 mesh sieve. Then, water was added to knead the mixture uniformly and the mixture was sieved through a 40-mesh sieve, and granulated with a 2.5mm die hole of a granulator. Subsequently, the above feed was placed in a 105 ℃ oven for gelatinization for 15min and air-dried in a 55 ℃ oven. And (5) after drying, storing the feed in a refrigerator at the temperature of-20 ℃ for later use. Perciformes micropterus with an initial weight of 32.38 +/-0.10 g are selected as study objects and are subjected to a 67-day culture experiment, 3 replicates of each treatment and 30 replicates of each fish. Experimental data are expressed as mean ± sem, and single-factor anova with P <0.05 as significance level using SPSS19.0 analysis software.
TABLE 2 Experimental feed formulation
Vitamin complex (IU or mg/kg dry feed): vitamin a, 16000 IU; vitamin D38000 IU; vitamin K314.72; vitamin B117.80; vitamin B248.00; vitamin B629.52; vitamin B120.24; vitamin E, 160.00; vitamin C (35%), 800.00; niacinamide, 79.20; calcium pantothenate, 73.60; folic acid, 6.40; biotin, 0.64; inositol, 320.00; choline chloride, 1500.00; l-carnitine, 100.00.
Mineral complex (mg/kg dry feed): copper (CuSO)4) 2.0; zinc (ZnSO)4) 34.4; manganese (MnSO)4) 6.2; iron (FeSO)4) 21.1; iodine (Ca (IO)3)2) 1.63; selenium (Na)2SeO3) 0.18; cobalt (CoC 1)2) 0.24; magnesium (MgSO)4·H2O)，52.7。
The compound feed prepared by adopting the substances is selected, a largemouth black bass with the initial weight of 32.38 +/-0.10 g is taken as an experimental object, breeding experiments for 67 days are carried out in a circulating water breeding system, 3 fish are treated each time, and 30 fish are repeated each time. The influence of the test strip on the growth, feed utilization, nonspecific immunity, hematology and intestinal histology of the micropterus salmoides is determined.
TABLE 3 results of experimental breeding of each group
Note: the data in the table mean ± sd, and the same letter superscript in the one-way anova means that the difference is not significant, i.e. the letters a, b, c mean that the data are statistically significant (P < 0.05).
As can be seen from the table above, different soybean meal types have no significant influence on the survival rate of the micropterus salmoides. However, the commercial fermented soybean meal and the self-made enzymatic soybean meal of the invention significantly improve the final weight and specific growth rate of micropterus salmoides compared with peeled soybean meal. And the growth promoting performance of the enzymolysis soybean meal is obviously higher than that of the fermented soybean meal.
TABLE 4 liver glycogen content and body index of each group
Note: the data in the table mean ± sd, and the same letter superscript in the one-way anova means that the difference is not significant, i.e. the letters a, b, c mean that the data are statistically significant (P < 0.05).
As can be seen from the above table, compared with peeled soybean meal and commercial fermented soybean meal, the self-made enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal provided by the invention significantly improves the feed efficiency of micropterus salmoides. The ingestion rate and the protein efficiency of the enzymolysis soybean meal group are the highest and are obviously higher than those of the peeled soybean meal group and the yeast fermentation soybean meal group. Meanwhile, the enzymolysis soybean meal group and the commercial fermentation soybean meal, especially the enzymolysis soybean meal, obviously improve the digestibility of the feed crude protein and crude fat.
TABLE 5 groups of non-specific immune and hematological indices
Note: the data in the table mean ± sd, and the same letter superscript in the one-way anova means that the difference is not significant, i.e. the letters a, b, c mean that the data are statistically significant (P < 0.05).
As can be seen from the above table, the serum lysozyme activity of the enzymatic soybean meal group is the highest, and is significantly higher than that of the peeled soybean meal group and the yeast-fermented soybean meal group. Meanwhile, the serum protein content and complement activity of the micropterus salmoides are the highest in the enzymolysis soybean meal group, the serum protein content of the enzymolysis soybean meal group is obviously higher than that of the peeled soybean meal and the composite strain fermentation soybean meal, and the complement activity of the enzymolysis soybean meal group is obviously higher than that of the peeled soybean meal group. The number of erythrocytes and the packed volume of erythrocytes of the enzymolysis soybean meal and the fermentation soybean meal are obviously higher than those of the peeled soybean meal group. Meanwhile, the hemoglobin content of the enzymolysis soybean meal and the yeast fermentation group is obviously higher than that of the peeled soybean meal group.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the arrangement of the folds of the intestine (DSM-1) after the soybean meal removal is extremely irregular, the interstitium of the folds is obviously widened, a large amount of connective tissues are provided, the height of the submucosa is increased, a large amount of tissue hyperplasia is provided, and the folds of the intestinal mucosa are shown under a high power microscope (DSM-2, 400 x), and the symptoms of irregular arrangement of epithelial cell nuclei, damage of partial epithelial cell structures, widening of the interstitium of the folds, large increase of gaps and goblet cells and the like are presented. However, the fold of the fermented soybean meal (FSMI, FSMII) and the enzymolysis soybean meal (EDSM) are arranged regularly, the space between the fold is small, the nucleus of epithelial cells is arranged regularly under a high power microscope, the stroma of the fold is narrow, and goblet cells are uniformly distributed in the intestinal epithelial cells. This means that the fermented soybean meal (FSMI, FSMII) and the enzymolysis soybean meal (EDSM) of the invention can remarkably improve the intestinal injury of the micropterus salmoides caused by the peeled soybean meal.
Therefore, the self-made enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal and the commercial fermentation soybean meal reduce the content of antinutritional factors in the soybean meal, and improve the growth, feed efficiency, nonspecific immunity and intestinal health of the micropterus salmoides. However, the effect of the enzymatic soybean meal on improving the growth performance and the feed utilization rate of the micropterus salmoides is obviously higher than that of the commercial fermented soybean meal.
Example 3:
in order to further verify the effect of the invention, the formula is adopted, the compound feed is prepared by adding 15 wt% of enzymolysis soybean meal, the control group adopts the feed containing the compound strain fermentation soybean meal with the same content (the formula is shown in table 6), about 60g of largemouth black bass is selected, the breeding experiment of 16 weeks is carried out in a productive breeding pond by using a net cage, and each treatment is set to be 4 times. After the experiment is finished, sampling 20 net cages for each net cage, determining the final weight, expressing the data by adopting the average value +/-standard error, carrying out one-factor variance analysis by adopting SPSS19.0 analysis software, comparing the difference between the two groups by using T test, and taking P <0.05 as a significant level. The results found that the growth performance of the enzymolytic soybean meal treatment group was significantly higher than that of the commercial feed group containing fermented soybean meal (table 7). Therefore, the enzymolysis soybean meal can effectively improve the growth performance of the micropterus salmoides and effectively improve the feeding value of the micropterus salmoides on the soybean meal.
TABLE 6 feed formula for pilot plant experiments
1Multivitamins (IU or mg/kg dry feed): vitamin a, 16000 IU; vitamin D38000 IU; vitamin K314.72; vitamin B117.80; vitamin B248.00; vitamin B629.52; vitamin B120.24; vitamin E, 160.00; vitamin C (35%), 800.00; niacinamide, 79.20; calcium pantothenate, 73.60; folic acid, 6.40; biotin, 0.64; inositol, 320.00; choline chloride, 1500.00; l-carnitine, 100.00.
2Polymineral (mg/kg dry feed): copper (CuSO)4) 2.0; zinc (ZnSO)4) 34.4; manganese (MnSO)4) 6.2; iron (FeSO)4) 21.1; iodine (Ca (IO)3)2) 1.63; selenium (Na)2SeO3) 0.18; cobalt (CoC 1)2) 0.24; magnesium (MgSO)4·H2O)，52.7。
TABLE 7 Pilot plant experiment Perch indexes
| Index (I) | Compound fermented soybean meal group | Enzymolysis soybean meal group |
| Initial body weight (g) | 65.28±1.14 | 64.19±1.21 |
| Terminal body weight (g) | 251.4±1.9 | 268.5±1.4* |
| Specific growth rate (%/d) | 1.20±0.02 | 1.28±0.01* |
| Liver body ratio (%) | 2.51±0.04 | 2.57±0.02 |
| Visceral volume ratio (%) | 8.12±0.03 | 8.10±0.06 |
| Fullness of fertilizer | 2.26±0.02 | 2.21±0.03 |
Note: table indicates significant differences between groups.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal is characterized by comprising the following steps: which comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving an enzyme preparation in an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into the peeled soybean meal, reacting at 45-55 ℃ for 40-50min, and then heating to 90-100 ℃ to terminate the enzymolysis reaction;
(2) adding distilled water into the reaction system in the step (1) to ensure that the content of the peeled soybean meal is 15-20 wt%, and the pH value of the reaction system is 7.5;
(3) adding neutral protease into the reaction system in the step (2), carrying out enzymolysis for 6-8h at 45-55 ℃, then heating to 90-100 ℃ to stop the enzymolysis reaction, and carrying out freeze drying.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the enzyme preparation is selected from more than one of phytase, pectinase, cellulase, xylanase and alpha-galactosidase.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the pH value of the acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution is 4.5-5.0.
4. An enzymolysis soybean meal, which is characterized in that: which is obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. An application of soybean meal compound in micropterus salmoides feed.
6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that: the soybean meal compound comprises enzymolysis soybean meal and basal feed.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal is the enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal of claim 4, and the content of the enzymatic hydrolysis soybean meal is 15-20 wt%.
8. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the basic feed comprises fish meal, shrimp meal, wheat gluten, blood meal, corn gluten meal, squid liver paste, starch, beer yeast, fish oil, soybean lecithin oil, vitamin mixture, mineral mixture, monocalcium phosphate, soybean oil and zeolite powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010423770.2A CN111528345A (en) | 2020-05-19 | 2020-05-19 | Preparation method of enzymatic soybean meal and application of enzymatic soybean meal in micropterus salmoides feed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010423770.2A CN111528345A (en) | 2020-05-19 | 2020-05-19 | Preparation method of enzymatic soybean meal and application of enzymatic soybean meal in micropterus salmoides feed |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111528345A true CN111528345A (en) | 2020-08-14 |
Family
ID=71968035
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010423770.2A Pending CN111528345A (en) | 2020-05-19 | 2020-05-19 | Preparation method of enzymatic soybean meal and application of enzymatic soybean meal in micropterus salmoides feed |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111528345A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113491301A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-12 | 武汉新华扬生物股份有限公司 | Compound enzyme preparation for feed and use method thereof |
| CN114027275A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-11 | 淮阴工学院 | Carp fishing bait and preparation method thereof |
| CN115340988A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-15 | 广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司 | Complex enzyme preparation for improving sunflower seed meal utilization rate and application thereof |
| CN116784438A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-09-22 | 佛山市顺德区旺海饲料实业有限公司 | Feed for preventing soybean meal from inducing damage to endoplasmic reticulum of tilapia and preparation method of feed |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102763768A (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2012-11-07 | 山东和实集团有限公司 | Production process of fermented soybean meal by synchronous solid fermentation and enzymolysis |
| CN105010752A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-11-04 | 四川国凤中科生物科技有限公司 | Feed for micropterus salmoides |
| WO2016029647A1 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-03 | 威海市世代海洋生物科技有限公司 | Active seaweed feed additive and preparation method therefor |
-
2020
- 2020-05-19 CN CN202010423770.2A patent/CN111528345A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102763768A (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2012-11-07 | 山东和实集团有限公司 | Production process of fermented soybean meal by synchronous solid fermentation and enzymolysis |
| WO2016029647A1 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-03 | 威海市世代海洋生物科技有限公司 | Active seaweed feed additive and preparation method therefor |
| CN105010752A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-11-04 | 四川国凤中科生物科技有限公司 | Feed for micropterus salmoides |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈乃松等: "大口黑鲈幼鱼饲料中白鱼粉与两种豆粕的适宜配比", 《水产学报》 * |
| 陈乃松等: "酶制剂体外酶解豆粕中抗营养因子的研究", 《大豆科学》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113491301A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-12 | 武汉新华扬生物股份有限公司 | Compound enzyme preparation for feed and use method thereof |
| CN114027275A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-11 | 淮阴工学院 | Carp fishing bait and preparation method thereof |
| CN115340988A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-15 | 广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司 | Complex enzyme preparation for improving sunflower seed meal utilization rate and application thereof |
| CN115340988B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2024-05-07 | 广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司 | Complex enzyme preparation for improving utilization rate of sunflower seed meal and application thereof |
| CN116784438A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-09-22 | 佛山市顺德区旺海饲料实业有限公司 | Feed for preventing soybean meal from inducing damage to endoplasmic reticulum of tilapia and preparation method of feed |
| CN116784438B (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-12-26 | 佛山市顺德区旺海饲料实业有限公司 | Feed for preventing soybean meal from inducing damage to endoplasmic reticulum of tilapia and preparation method of feed |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111528345A (en) | Preparation method of enzymatic soybean meal and application of enzymatic soybean meal in micropterus salmoides feed | |
| CN105595008A (en) | Egg production stage mixed feed for increasing rate of healthy chicks of egg breeding chickens and preparation method thereof | |
| Apata | Effect of Terminalia catappa fruit meal fermented by Aspergillus niger as replacement of maize on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum biochemical profile of broiler chickens | |
| CN108783109A (en) | Improve the mixed feed and its preparation method and application of Micropterus salmoides intestinal health | |
| US11634461B2 (en) | Barley protein production process | |
| CN103689234B (en) | A kind of fleshy duck fodder containing Chinese sorghum DDGS | |
| CN111418713B (en) | Feed for regulating intestinal health of micropterus salmoides | |
| CN104472869A (en) | Mushroom bran protein biological feed additive and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112617055A (en) | Red swamp crayfish fish meal-free compound feed and preparation method thereof | |
| Fan et al. | A strategy of co-fermentation of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and lignocellulosic feedstocks as swine feed | |
| Cao et al. | Simultaneous microbial fermentation and enzymolysis: A biotechnology strategy to improve the nutritional and functional quality of soybean meal | |
| Egbune et al. | Fermented mixture of cassava roots and palm kernel cake can substitute for maize in poultry feed formulation | |
| CN105494988A (en) | Piglet feed and application thereof | |
| CN111418714A (en) | Compound feed for relieving liver glycogen accumulation of micropterus salmoides and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110074273A (en) | A kind of preparation method of ganoderma lucidum slag fermentation material | |
| CN112369353B (en) | Culture method for improving effect of replacing feed by part of turbot juvenile plant protein | |
| CN111436527B (en) | Method for preparing Hu sheep feed based on crop straw | |
| CN111938042A (en) | Compound feed for improving sugar tolerance of micropterus salmoides and preparation method and application thereof | |
| WO2021183238A1 (en) | Barley protein production process | |
| Naing et al. | Solid state fermentation of soybean meal with Aspergillus niger for upgrading nutritive values | |
| KR101472669B1 (en) | Assorted feed composition comprising makgeolli byproduct for farming a Sebastes schlegeli | |
| CN108567081A (en) | A kind of goose perfect compound feed containing extra dry white wine vinasse | |
| Péron et al. | Other enzyme applications relevant to the animal feed industry. | |
| CN116195692A (en) | Penaeus monodon feed and preparation and application thereof | |
| CN106173531B (en) | Special feed additive for pomfret |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200814 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |