CN111527816A - 盐碱地脱盐方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了盐碱地脱盐方法,包括以下步骤:采用旋耕机深耕深翻平整土地,将表层土壤中的盐分翻至下层,同时把含盐较少的下层土壤翻至表层;通过播肥机抛洒混有河水的有机肥料,增加土壤中有机质含量,改善土壤理化性状和盐分组成,降低土壤pH值;采用粉碎机粉碎秸秆,将秸秆腐熟分解后,通过播种机播撒碎秸秆,覆盖在施加肥料后的土壤上,降低了土表温度,降低土壤的水分蒸发量,为土壤生物提供了大量营养,繁殖微生物;种植耐盐植物,增加地面覆盖度,抑制土壤返盐。本发明通过机械化作业,减少人工耗费,提高脱盐效率。同时对环境更友好,成本也更低,且可以防止土地返盐。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于土壤修复领域,具体涉及盐碱地脱盐方法。
背景技术
我国分布有大片盐碱地,约占国有耕地面积的7%。严重制约与影响了农业的持续发展,不仅使得我国的农业大量减产,造成了很大的损失,还由于盐碱化程度的日趋严重,使得大片土地逐渐成为了废地,颗粒无收。改造盐碱地并提高盐碱耕地的农业生产量,是我国农业发展的重要任务之一。但盐渍土改良和次生盐渍化的防治不仅仅是技术问题,同时也受到经济及社会因素的制约,所以在人口增加、土地退化、经济发展、生态安全的多重压力下,如何有效的改良盐碱地确保粮食安全意义重大。现有的脱盐方法采用大量中和剂,成本较高,或进行冲洗时造成淡水资源的浪费。
发明内容
针对现有技术所存在的上述不足,本发明的目的是提供盐碱地脱盐方法,解决目前脱盐方法采用大量中和剂,成本较高,或进行冲洗时造成淡水资源的浪费的问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供盐碱地脱盐方法,包括以下步骤:
翻耕,
采用旋耕机深耕深翻平整土地,将表层土壤中的盐分翻至下层,同时把含盐较少的下层土壤翻至表层;切断土壤毛细管,减少水分蒸发,增强通透性,抑制土壤返盐,
施加有机肥,
通过播肥机抛洒混有河水的有机肥料,增加土壤中有机质含量,培肥地力,抑制盐类对植物的不良影响,促进作物生长,提高作物耐盐能力;缓冲土壤中的有害盐分离子,改善土壤理化性状和盐分组成,降低土壤pH值,
覆盖秸秆,
采用粉碎机粉碎秸秆,将秸秆腐熟分解后,通过播种机播撒碎秸秆,覆盖在施加肥料后的土壤上,降低了土表温度,降低土壤的水分蒸发量,为土壤生物提供了大量营养,繁殖微生物,
种植耐盐植物,
种植以下至少之一的耐盐植物:红豆草、苜蓿、聚合草、小冠花、苇状羊茅,增加地面覆盖度,抑制土壤返盐。
进一步地,翻耕时,深度40cm以上。
进一步地,翻耕时在土壤中施加粉末状的风化煤。
进一步地,所述有机肥包括鸡粪、牛羊马粪、猪粪。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明所述的盐碱地脱盐方法,通过机械化作业,减少人工耗费,提高脱盐效率。同时主要采用环保的有机肥、秸秆等方式,使农村生产变废为宝,对环境更友好,成本也更低。最终种植精选的耐盐植物,防止土地返盐。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述的盐碱地脱盐方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例详细描述一下本发明的具体内容。
如图1所示,盐碱地脱盐方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.翻耕,
采用旋耕机深耕深翻平整土地,将表层土壤中的盐分翻至下层,同时把含盐较少的下层土壤翻至表层;切断土壤毛细管,减少水分蒸发,增强通透性,抑制土壤返盐,
S2.施加有机肥,
通过播肥机抛洒混有河水的有机肥料,增加土壤中有机质含量,培肥地力,抑制盐类对植物的不良影响,促进作物生长,提高作物耐盐能力;缓冲土壤中的有害盐分离子,改善土壤理化性状和盐分组成,降低土壤pH值,
S3.覆盖秸秆,
采用粉碎机粉碎秸秆,将秸秆腐熟分解后,通过播种机播撒碎秸秆,覆盖在施加肥料后的土壤上,降低了土表温度,降低土壤的水分蒸发量,为土壤生物提供了大量营养,繁殖微生物,
S4.种植耐盐植物,
种植以下至少之一的耐盐植物:红豆草、苜蓿、聚合草、小冠花、苇状羊茅,增加地面覆盖度,抑制土壤返盐。
在实际应用中,S1.翻耕步骤时,深度40cm以上。
在实际应用中,S1.翻耕时在土壤中施加粉末状的风化煤。
在实际应用中,所述有机肥包括鸡粪、牛羊马粪、猪粪。
综上所述:本发明通过机械化作业,减少人工耗费,提高脱盐效率。同时对环境更友好,成本也更低,且可以防止土地返盐。
以上叙述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征及优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,上述实施方式只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并加以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围,凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (4)
1.盐碱地脱盐方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1.翻耕,
采用旋耕机深耕深翻平整土地,将表层土壤中的盐分翻至下层,同时把含盐较少的下层土壤翻至表层;切断土壤毛细管,减少水分蒸发,增强通透性,抑制土壤返盐,
S2.施加有机肥,
通过播肥机抛洒混有河水的有机肥料,增加土壤中有机质含量,培肥地力,抑制盐类对植物的不良影响,促进作物生长,提高作物耐盐能力;缓冲土壤中的有害盐分离子,改善土壤理化性状和盐分组成,降低土壤pH值,
S3.覆盖秸秆,
采用粉碎机粉碎秸秆,将秸秆腐熟分解后,通过播种机播撒碎秸秆,覆盖在施加肥料后的土壤上,降低了土表温度,降低土壤的水分蒸发量,为土壤生物提供了大量营养,繁殖微生物,
S4.种植耐盐植物,
种植以下至少之一的耐盐植物:红豆草、苜蓿、聚合草、小冠花、苇状羊茅,增加地面覆盖度,抑制土壤返盐。
2.根据权利要求1所述的盐碱地脱盐方法,其特征在于:S1.翻耕步骤时,深度40cm以上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的盐碱地脱盐方法,其特征在于:S1.翻耕时在土壤中施加粉末状的风化煤。
4.根据权利要求1所述的盐碱地脱盐方法,其特征在于:所述有机肥包括鸡粪、牛羊马粪、猪粪。
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112272987A (zh) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-29 | 阜南县美林蓝莓科技发展有限公司 | 一种用于蓝莓种植的土壤改良方法 |
CN112602396A (zh) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 宁夏大学 | 一种盐碱地降盐增产耕作方法 |
CN114451090A (zh) * | 2020-11-09 | 2022-05-10 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | 一种盐渍化草地生态修复方法 |
CN114902829A (zh) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-16 | 广东省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | 一种可提高茶园土壤肥力的构建方法 |
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2020
- 2020-05-14 CN CN202010408468.XA patent/CN111527816A/zh active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112272987A (zh) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-29 | 阜南县美林蓝莓科技发展有限公司 | 一种用于蓝莓种植的土壤改良方法 |
CN114451090A (zh) * | 2020-11-09 | 2022-05-10 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | 一种盐渍化草地生态修复方法 |
CN112602396A (zh) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 宁夏大学 | 一种盐碱地降盐增产耕作方法 |
CN114902829A (zh) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-16 | 广东省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | 一种可提高茶园土壤肥力的构建方法 |
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