CN111521689B - Magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic flux leakage dual-function scanner - Google Patents
Magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic flux leakage dual-function scanner Download PDFInfo
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- CN111521689B CN111521689B CN202010237963.9A CN202010237963A CN111521689B CN 111521689 B CN111521689 B CN 111521689B CN 202010237963 A CN202010237963 A CN 202010237963A CN 111521689 B CN111521689 B CN 111521689B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2412—Probes using the magnetostrictive properties of the material to be examined, e.g. electromagnetic acoustic transducers [EMAT]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic flux leakage dual-function scanner which comprises a scanner body, a magnetostrictive guided wave detection module and a magnetic flux leakage array detection module. A U-shaped permanent magnetic circuit is arranged in the scanner body and used for bias magnetization of a structural part to be detected, and a rectangular coil and an adapter thereof or a magnetic leakage array sensor are arranged in the sensor extraction box. And circuit elements in the sensor extraction box are connected with a universal electrical interface so as to transmit signals with an external magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic flux leakage array detection module. The encoder is installed on the guide wheel shaft through a gear transmission device and records the displacement of the guide wheel in the scanning process. The handheld scanner body moves along the iron-cobalt alloy strip adhered to the surface of the structure to be detected, can collect reflection signals of the magnetostrictive horizontal shear mode guided waves in the structure, and can quickly determine the suspected defect position in the structure. The invention can effectively improve the positioning speed of the structural defects in a large range and reduce the false detection rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nondestructive testing, and particularly relates to two technologies of magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic flux leakage testing, aiming at effectively improving the positioning speed of structural defects in a large range and reducing the false detection rate of the defects by combining the advantages of the two technologies.
Background
The steel plate structure has wide application in engineering, is influenced by factors such as environmental corrosion and the like, and has the defects of easy occurrence of corrosion and the like in the structure. In order to discover potential safety hazards as early as possible, the defect detection can be carried out by adopting an ultrasonic guided wave and magnetic flux leakage method. The magnetic flux leakage method is suitable for high-precision scanning imaging of defects, but if the defects in a large range need to be detected, the scanning efficiency is low. The ultrasonic guided wave method has the advantages that the large-range and quick detection of the plate structure can be realized, but the ultrasonic guided wave method is easy to cause factors such as insufficient control of the direction of the excited guided wave, multiple reflection in the structure, external interference and the like, pseudo-defect waveforms appear in detection signals, and the false detection rate is increased. When the single sensor is adopted for guided wave detection, the position coordinates of defect signals cannot be accurately provided, the guided wave positioning precision of defects can be improved through linear scanning, but the high-precision imaging of the defect morphology is difficult to carry out. Therefore, the invention combines the advantages of the ultrasonic guided wave and the magnetic leakage method, and discloses a magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic leakage dual-function scanner, which integrates dual purposes through a common U-shaped permanent magnetic circuit, a universal electrical interface, an encoder, a guide wheel and the like, provides a working mode of 'guided wave scanning before and magnetic leakage review', improves the detection efficiency of the defects in a large range in the plate structure, reduces the false detection rate of the defects and obtains the outline information of the defects by utilizing a B-scan image of the guided wave and the magnetic leakage in a horizontal shearing mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs a magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic leakage dual-function scanner by combining magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic leakage technologies, and aims to effectively improve the positioning speed of structural defects in a large range and reduce the defect false detection rate. The general schematic diagram of the dual-function scanner is shown in fig. 1, and the scanner mainly comprises a scanner body 6, a magnetostrictive guided wave detection module 9 and a magnetic flux leakage array detection module 11. U-shaped permanent magnetic circuit 12 built in structure of scanner body 6 and used for junction to be testedThe bias magnetization of the component, the sensor is taken out and is included rectangular coil 19 and adapter 18 or magnetic leakage array sensor in the box 13, and the circuit component in the sensor is taken out and is taken out the box 13 and carry out signal transmission with magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic leakage array module through general electrical apparatus interface, and its effect of installing encoder 2 on the leading wheel axle through gear drive 3 is the displacement of record guided wave scanning in-process. FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of a guided wave detection sensor, in which a U-shaped permanent magnetic circuit 12 provides a constant bias magnetic field B in an iron-cobalt alloy strip 14 DC Alternating current i introduced into the rectangular coil 19 AC Generating an alternating magnetic field B in the Fe-Co alloy strip 14 AC And exciting the horizontal shear mode guided waves on the iron-cobalt alloy strip 14. The guided wave detection signals and the displacement information in the encoder 2 are transmitted to an acquisition circuit of the magnetostrictive guided wave detection module 9, a B scanning image is formed on the upper computer 10, and the number and the positions of the defects are judged. The schematic diagram of the array magnetic leakage sensor is shown in fig. 3, when a suspected defect area is scanned by a scanner, magnetic lines of force can be distorted when defects exist in the magnetization range of the U-shaped permanent magnetic circuit 12, the array magnetic leakage sensor collects signals and transmits the signals with the magnetic leakage array detection module 11 through the universal electrical interface 1, a B scanning image is formed on the upper computer 10, if abnormal fluctuation exists, the existence of the defects is confirmed, and meanwhile, the defect outline can be judged.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a difunctional ware of looking into of magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic leakage, a serial communication port, it has built-in magnetostrictive horizontal shear mode guided wave detection and the common U type permanent magnetism magnetic circuit 12 that needs of magnetic leakage field detection to scan ware body 6, general electric interface 1, guide pulley 8 and encoder 2 etc, wherein can place used rectangular coil 19 of guided wave detection and adapter 18 and the required magnetic leakage array sensor of magnetic leakage detection in the sensor box 13 is taken out to the sensor, outside magnetostrictive guided wave detection module 9 or magnetic leakage array detection module 11 are taken out box 13 interior circuit component through general electric interface 1 and sensor and are connected realization signal transmission, difunctional work order of looking into the ware is in proper order:
a. a rectangular coil 19 with a ferromagnetic shielding layer 15 fixed inside is connected with an adapter 18 and then placed in a sensor drawer 13, the sensor drawer 13 is installed in a scanner body 6, the scanner body 6 is held by a hand to move along the length direction of an iron-cobalt alloy strip 14 adhered to the surface of a structure to be detected, a U-shaped permanent magnetic circuit 12 generates a bias magnetic field which is uniform and stable along the width direction on the iron-cobalt alloy strip 14, a magnetostrictive guided wave detection module 9 generates high-energy pulses and inputs the high-energy pulses to a ring coil, an alternating magnetic field is generated in the length direction of the iron-cobalt alloy strip 14, excitation of magnetostrictive horizontal shear mode guided waves is realized, an encoder 2 acquires displacement information in the advancing process of the scanner and guided wave reflection echo signals received in the ring coil and transmits the displacement information and the guided wave reflection echo signals to an acquisition circuit of the magnetostrictive guided wave detection module 9, a B scanning image is formed in an upper computer 10, and the number and the position of suspected defects are judged;
b. the sensor drawer 13 is replaced, the magnetic leakage array sensor is placed in the sensor drawer 13, the sensor drawer 13 is installed on the scanner body 6, the suspected defect area marked in a of the scanner body 6 is scanned by holding the scanner body, the magnetic leakage array sensor which acquires magnetic leakage signals carries out signal transmission with the magnetic leakage array detection module 11, a B scanning image is formed on the upper computer 10, obvious abnormal fluctuation signals exist in scanning results, the existence of defects is confirmed, meanwhile, the judgment of defect outlines can be achieved, and otherwise, the marked suspected defects are eliminated.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a dual function scanner;
FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of a guided wave detection sensor;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an array leakage magnetic sensor;
FIG. 4 is a split magnetic flux leakage and guided wave detection circuit module;
FIG. 5 is an integrated leakage and guided wave detection circuit module;
FIG. 6 shows a steel plate defect scanning experimental scheme;
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the result of guided wave B-scan;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the result of a leakage B-scan;
in the figure: 1-universal electrical interface 2-encoder 3-gear transmission device 4-LED total power supply 5-handle 6-scanner body 7-Raymond joint 8-guide wheel 9-magnetostrictive guided wave detection module 10-upper computer 11-magnetic flux leakage array detection module 12-U-shaped permanent magnet magnetic circuit 13-sensor drawer box 14-iron cobalt alloy strip 15-shielding layer 16-permanent magnet 17-yoke iron 18-adapter 19-rectangular coil 20-steel plate 21-PCB 22-magneto sensitive element
Detailed Description
According to the above disclosure, a magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic leakage dual-function scanner can provide the following embodiments.
The difunctional scanner can realize the combined detection of two technologies of magnetostrictive guide wave and magnetic leakage detection and single-function detection aiming at different detection occasions.
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and the above embodiments, and the following specific embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a dual-function scanner, which mainly includes a scanner body 6, a magnetostrictive guided wave detection module 9, and a magnetic flux leakage array detection module 11. The scanner body 6 is internally provided with a U-shaped permanent magnetic circuit 12 for bias magnetization of a structural component to be detected, and the sensor drawer 13 comprises a rectangular coil 19 and an adapter 18 thereof or a magnetic leakage array sensor. When the guided wave detection is carried out, the rectangular coil 19 with the shielding layer 15 embedded inside is connected with the adapter 18 and then placed in the sensor drawer 13, then the sensor drawer is installed on the scanner body 6, and the scanner is held by hands to move along the iron-cobalt alloy strip 14 adhered to the surface of the structure to be detected, so that the detection of suspected defects is realized. When magnetic leakage detection is carried out, the sensor drawer 13 is replaced, the magnetic leakage array sensor is placed on the sensor drawer 13 and then is installed on the scanner body 6, a suspected defect area is scanned, and confirmation of real defects and judgment of defect outlines are achieved.
In fig. 4, when the magnetic leakage device is used, the counter and the filtering amplification module simultaneously acquire external signals, the counter sends results to the ARM, the filtering amplification module sends signals to the analog-to-digital converter, the ARM acquires digital signals generated by the analog-to-digital converter, and finally, the counter signals and the analog-to-digital conversion signals are stored in the SD card module and sent to upper computer software through a network cable. When the guided wave equipment works, an excitation initial signal is sent by the upper computer 10 and is transmitted to the FPGA through the USB, the FPGA control signal generator generates a set excitation signal and sends the set excitation signal to the power amplifier, then the high-power signal is transmitted to the magnetostrictive guided wave detection module 9, meanwhile, a signal received by the magnetostrictive guided wave detection module 9 enters the analog-to-digital conversion module after being amplified by the adjustable amplifier, the FPGA acquires a digital signal generated by the analog-to-digital conversion module, and finally the digital signal is transmitted to the upper computer 10 through the USB. The integrated device in fig. 5 simplifies the ARM part in the magnetic flux leakage device, and the integrated device is uniformly collected through the FPGA of the guided wave device, and the working flow of the integrated device is consistent with that of the device in fig. 4.
The steel plate defect scanning experimental scheme is shown in fig. 6, wherein an iron-cobalt alloy strip 14 is adhered to a position 0.3m away from the left end face of a steel plate 20, and through hole defects with the diameter of 6mm are processed at a position 0.5m away from the right end face and 0.375m away from the lower end face of the steel plate 20. When the scanning device is used for conducting guided wave detection, the guided wave scanning traveling direction is shown in fig. 6, the result shown in fig. 7 is obtained, and four obvious wave packet signals of 'T1', 'T2', 'T3' and 'T4' are collected, wherein 'T1' and 'T4' are reflection signals of left and right end faces, and 'T2' and 'T3' are suspected defect signals and are about 0.7m and 1m away from the position of the sensor. The sensor extraction box 13 is replaced, the magnetic flux leakage array sensor is placed into the sensor extraction box 13, the sensor extraction box 13 is installed in the scanner body 6 to achieve magnetic flux leakage scanning, the scanning area is the position corresponding to the T2 and the T3, and the scanning path is shown in fig. 6. As shown in fig. 8, the left side is the scanning result of the "T2" area, and the right side is the scanning result of the "T3" position, where the scanning result of the "T3" position has no obvious abnormal fluctuation, the suspected defect is a false defect, and the scanning result of the "T2" area has obvious abnormal fluctuation, so that the suspected defect is determined as a real defect, and the inset better shows the outline of the defect. Therefore, the disclosed magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic leakage dual-function scanner can realize defect detection and contour imaging.
Claims (4)
1. A magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic leakage dual-function scanner is characterized in thatThe method comprises the following steps: the scanner comprises a scanner body (6), a magnetostrictive guided wave detection module (9) and a magnetic flux leakage array detection module (11); the U-shaped permanent magnetic circuit (12) arranged in the structure of the scanner body (6) is used for bias magnetization of a structural part to be detected, a rectangular coil (19) and an adapter (18) thereof or a magnetic leakage array sensor are arranged in a sensor extraction box (13), circuit elements in the sensor extraction box (13) perform signal transmission with a magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic leakage array module through a universal electrical interface, and an encoder (2) arranged on a guided wheel shaft through a gear transmission device (3) is used for recording displacement in the guided wave scanning process; the U-shaped permanent magnetic circuit (12) provides a constant bias magnetic field B in the iron-cobalt alloy strip (14) DC Alternating current passed through the rectangular coil (19)i AC Generating an alternating magnetic field B in a strip (14) of an iron-cobalt alloy AC Exciting on the iron-cobalt alloy strip (14) to generate horizontal shear mode guided waves; the guided wave detection signals and the displacement information in the encoder (2) are transmitted to an acquisition circuit of a magnetostrictive guided wave detection module (9), a B scanning image is formed on an upper computer (10), and the number and the positions of suspected defects are judged; when the suspected defect area is scanned by the scanner, when defects exist in the magnetization range of the U-shaped permanent magnetic circuit (12), magnetic lines of force are distorted, the array magnetic leakage sensor collects signals and transmits the signals with the magnetic leakage array detection module (11) through the universal electrical interface (1), a B scanning image is formed on the upper computer (10), if abnormal fluctuation exists, the defects are confirmed, and meanwhile, the defect outline is judged.
2. The dual-function scanner of claim 1, wherein: sweep and examine ware body (6) and built-in the U type permanent magnetism magnetic circuit (12) that the common needs of magnetostrictive horizontal shear mode guided wave detection and magnetic leakage field detection, general electric interface (1), guide pulley (8) and encoder (2), wherein used rectangular coil (19) of guided wave detection and adapter (18) and magnetic leakage detect required magnetic leakage array sensor and all place in box (13) is taken out to the sensor, the sensor is taken out the interior circuit component of box (13) and is all connected with general electric interface (1), carry out signal transmission with outside magnetostrictive guided wave detection module (9) or magnetic leakage array detection module (11).
3. The dual-function scanner of claim 1, wherein: a ferromagnetic shielding layer (15) is embedded in a rectangular coil (19), the rectangular coil (19) is connected with an adapter (18) and then placed in a sensor drawer box (13), the sensor drawer box (13) is installed on a scanner body (6), the handheld scanner body (6) is placed on an iron-cobalt alloy strip adhered to the surface of a structure to be detected, a U-shaped permanent magnetic circuit (12) provides a constant bias magnetic field for the iron-cobalt alloy strip, a magnetostrictive guided wave detection module (9) generates high-energy pulses and inputs the high-energy pulses to a ring coil so as to excite the iron-cobalt alloy strip to generate magnetostrictive horizontal shear mode guided waves, and displacement information recorded by an encoder (2) and reflected echo signals in the structure received by the rectangular coil are transmitted to an acquisition circuit of the magnetostrictive guided wave detection module (9) in the advancing process of the scanner, a B scanning image is formed in an upper computer (10), and the number and the position of suspected defects are determined according to the number and the propagation distance of abnormal echoes.
4. The dual-function scanner of magnetostrictive guided wave and magnetic leakage according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: and replacing the sensor extraction box (13), and installing the sensor extraction box (13) with the built-in magnetic flux leakage array sensor in the scanner body (6).
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| CN112986399B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-06-28 | 南昌航空大学 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic SH guided wave transducer and online detection system and method |
| CN113777150B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2023-07-04 | 华中科技大学 | Defect detection method based on ferromagnetic plate |
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