CN111521537A - Multidimensional data measuring device for coal block drilling process - Google Patents
Multidimensional data measuring device for coal block drilling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111521537A CN111521537A CN202010361673.5A CN202010361673A CN111521537A CN 111521537 A CN111521537 A CN 111521537A CN 202010361673 A CN202010361673 A CN 202010361673A CN 111521537 A CN111521537 A CN 111521537A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
Abstract
The invention discloses a multidimensional data measuring device for a coal briquette drilling process, which comprises an adsorption tank for adsorbing and desorbing coal briquettes, a reference tank which has the same size as the adsorption tank and is used for balancing pressure, and a high-low temperature test box for accommodating the adsorption tank and the reference tank; a temperature measuring drill rod is arranged in the adsorption tank, and is driven by a driving motor to rotate in a non-contact magnetic coupling matching mode, and the temperature measuring drill rod moves up and down through a propelling device; the reference tank and the adsorption tank are respectively communicated with an air source system for air supply, a vacuum pumping system for air exhaust and an air collecting device through a gas distribution path and a main gas path. The invention can determine all dimensional data in the process of drilling the drill bit into the lump coal under different temperature environments; the method comprises the steps of drill bit temperature change, parameter change while drilling, gas content data of lump coal, real-time gas analysis amount in the drill bit drilling process and real-time gas adsorption expansion deformation monitoring data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-dimensional data measuring device for a coal block drilling process, and belongs to the field of mineral engineering.
Background
The permeability is a key parameter of coal bed gas extraction design, and the initial state, migration and yield of the coal bed gas are determined by the time-space variation of the permeability. The scholars conduct extensive research on the influence factors of permeability, including crustal stress, gas content, gas pressure, geothermal temperature, coal mechanical properties and the like, and the research results deepen the understanding of people on the evolution of permeability. A permeability prediction method under the background of permeability evolution is a research hotspot, and the permeability prediction method based on theoretical and numerical calculation is mature day by day for decades. In recent years, machine learning based on large data multidimensional analysis is beginning to be applied to the field of permeability prediction, and scholars focus on improvement of algorithms such as a BP neural network, a particle swarm, a random forest, an artificial bee colony and the like so as to fully exert nonlinear learning capability and rapid solving capability in prediction.
The invention provides a block coal permeability analysis method with multi-dimensional data sources based on a machine learning technology, which needs to obtain various dimensional data in the process of drilling a drill bit into block coal under different temperature environments, wherein the dimensional data comprises drill bit temperature change, parameter change while drilling, gas content data of the block coal, gas real-time analysis amount in the process of drilling the drill bit, gas adsorption expansion deformation real-time monitoring data and the like. At present, the existing gas adsorption analysis experiment device is single in function and difficult to monitor and measure multidimensional data in real time in the process that a drill bit drills into lump coal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-dimensional data measuring device for a lump coal drilling process, which is used for obtaining various dimensional data of a drill bit in the lump coal drilling process under different temperature environments, wherein the dimensional data comprises drill bit temperature change, parameter change while drilling, gas content data of the lump coal, real-time gas analysis amount in the drill bit drilling process, real-time gas adsorption expansion deformation monitoring data and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-dimensional data measuring device for a coal block drilling process, comprising:
the device comprises an adsorption tank for adsorbing and desorbing lump coal, a reference tank which has the same size as the adsorption tank and is used for balancing pressure, and a high-low temperature test box for accommodating the adsorption tank and the reference tank;
the absorption tank is internally provided with a lump coal fixing part and a strain gauge for measuring the deformation of the lump coal, a temperature measuring drill rod which can vertically move and is hollow inside is vertically and rotatably fixed inside the absorption tank, the temperature measuring drill rod is positioned above the lump coal fixing part, and the bottom of the temperature measuring drill rod is provided with a replaceable cutting drill bit; a propelling device with a thrust monitoring function is arranged above the adsorption tank, and is connected with a temperature measuring drill rod in the adsorption tank through a hollow connecting rod through a plane bearing, and the connecting rod is in sealing fit with the top of the adsorption tank; the inner permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling is sleeved on the temperature measuring drill rod in a matching way through a flat key, the outer part of the adsorption tank is provided with an outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling which is matched with the inner permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling and can move up and down, and a power device which provides rotary power for the outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling and has the function of monitoring the torque is connected with the outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling in a rolling way; the power device, the outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling and the connecting rod synchronously move up and down; the cutting drill bit is hollow and internally provided with a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is led out to the outside of the adsorption tank through the internal space of the temperature measuring drill rod and the internal space of the connecting rod, and the outlet of the internal space in the connecting rod is sealed;
the reference tank and the adsorption tank are respectively communicated with the main gas path through gas distribution paths, and the gas distribution paths close to the gas inlet and outlet holes of the reference tank and the adsorption tank are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve, a pressure sensor and a digital display meter; the main gas circuit is communicated with a gas source system for supplying gas, a vacuum-pumping system for pumping gas and a gas collecting device.
Furthermore, the upper part of the temperature measuring drill rod is protruded along the circumferential direction to form an annular convex body, and the permanent magnet in the magnetic coupling is annular and is sleeved on the convex body in a matched manner through the flat key; the fixing part is located below the convex body, an internal spline A is installed at the position of the through hole, an external spline A with a mounting hole is installed in the internal spline A in a matched mode, and the lower portion of the temperature measurement drill rod penetrates through the mounting hole and is fixed in the mounting hole through a rotating bearing A.
Preferably, the rotating bearings A are two and arranged up and down.
Preferably, the outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling is fixedly annular, and the inner ring of the outer permanent magnet is fixedly matched with the outer ring of the rotating bearing B; the inner ring of the rotary bearing B is matched with the outer ring of the inner spline B, the outer spline B matched with the inner spline B is sleeved on the outer wall of the adsorption tank, and the length of the inner spline B is matched with the up-down stroke of the temperature measuring drill rod.
Preferably, the reference tank comprises a tank body A with an opening arranged above, and a container plug A matched with the opening and used for plugging the tank body, wherein an upward bulge part A is arranged in the middle of the container plug A, a through hole A matched with the bulge part A is arranged in the middle of the container cap A, the edge of the container cap A bulges downwards and is matched with the outer wall of the opening of the tank body A through threads, and a rubber O-shaped ring used for sealing is arranged between the tank body A and the container plug A; the adsorption tank comprises a tank body B with an opening arranged above and a container plug B matched with the opening and used for plugging the tank body, a rubber O-shaped ring for sealing is arranged between the container plug B and the tank body B, an upward bulge part B is arranged in the middle of the container plug B, a through hole for mounting the connecting rod is arranged in the middle of the bulge part B, a through hole B matched with the bulge part B is arranged in the middle of the container cap B, the edge of the container cap B bulges downwards and is matched with the outer wall of the opening of the tank body B through threads; and a high-elasticity energy storage sealing ring for sealing is arranged between the bulge part B and the connecting rod.
Preferably, the propulsion device comprises: the hydraulic control system comprises a telescopic hydraulic cylinder of the servo control system, a hydraulic telescopic rod matched with the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and a fixing frame for fixing the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, wherein a pressure sensor is arranged between the hydraulic telescopic rod and the connecting rod.
Furthermore, the power device comprises a rotary driving motor, the rotary driving motor drives the outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling to rotate through a synchronous belt, and the rotary driving motor is connected with a torque sensor; the driving motor and the internal spline B are fixedly connected with the connecting rod through a fixing rod.
Further, the gas source system comprises a gas cylinder containing high-purity methane with the concentration of 99.999% and the pressure of 20MPa, a pressure reducing valve is arranged on the gas cylinder and connected to the main gas circuit through a gas circuit A, and the gas circuit A is connected in series with a pressure sensor, a mechanical pressure gauge and a manual valve.
Furthermore, the vacuum pumping system comprises a vacuum pipe system, a vacuum gauge pipe communicated with the vacuum pipe system, a composite vacuum pipe communicated with the vacuum gauge pipe, and a vacuum pump communicated with the vacuum pipe system, wherein the vacuum pipe system is communicated with the main air path through an air path B.
Further, the gas collecting device includes a flow meter for measuring a gas flow rate and a measuring cylinder for collecting gas by a drainage method.
The multidimensional data measuring device for the lump coal drilling process can be used for measuring various dimensional data in the process that the drill bit drills into the lump coal under different temperature environments; the method comprises the steps of drill bit temperature change, parameter change while drilling, gas content data of lump coal, real-time gas analysis amount in the drill bit drilling process, real-time gas adsorption expansion deformation monitoring data and the like.
And the multidimensional data measuring device in the drilling process of the lump coal can be matched with: the electro-hydraulic servo triaxial seepage test device is used for measuring the permeability and related deformation of lump coal under the condition of various factors X; the gas source system simultaneously supplies gas to the electro-hydraulic servo triaxial seepage test device and the multidimensional data measuring device in the lump coal drilling process; the vacuumizing system is simultaneously communicated with the electro-hydraulic servo triaxial seepage test device and the multi-dimensional data measuring device in the lump coal drilling process so as to vacuumize the two devices; the gas collecting device can also be simultaneously connected with the two devices to collect gas; the hydraulic pump station is connected with the two devices to supply hydraulic oil; the data acquisition control system acquires data generated by the two devices.
The multidimensional data measuring device for the coal briquette drilling process can measure data aiming at data which cannot be directly measured on site in a multi-dimensional data source block coal permeability analysis method. The device can be used for researching the desorption rule of coal containing gas under the high-temperature coupling of a ground temperature environment and a middle line of the sample and is used for quantitatively analyzing the relation between drilling parameters and gas loss after the raw coal is balanced under certain gas pressure. Meanwhile, the designed temperature measuring drill rod and the temperature measuring drill bit can monitor the temperature change of the drill bit in the drilling process in real time under the sealing condition; the air tightness requirement of the suction tank is guaranteed by utilizing the non-contact transmission principle of magnetic transmission and a high-elastic sealing ring; through the design of separating the propelling device from the temperature measuring drill rod, the high-speed rotating motion and the linear reciprocating motion are separated, the problem of air tightness after desorption and drilling are combined is solved, and data such as thrust, rotating speed, torque, gas desorption amount, drilling temperature and the like in the process are monitored in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-dimensional data measuring device for a coal block drilling process according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of an adsorption tank in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of region D of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the temperature measuring drill rod of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the multi-dimensional data measuring device for a coal block drilling process according to the present invention;
in the figure:
1. the gas source system comprises gas source systems 1, 11, a gas cylinder, 12, a pressure reducing valve and 13, a gas circuit A;
2. a vacuum pumping system, 21 vacuum pipe systems, 22 vacuum gauge pipes, 23 composite vacuum pipes, 24 vacuum pumps, 25 gas circuits B;
3. the multi-dimensional data measuring device comprises a multi-dimensional data measuring device, a31 adsorbing tank, a 311 tank body B, a 3111 fixing part, a 312 container plug B, a 313 container press-cap B, a314 temperature measuring drill rod, a 3141 cutting drill bit, a 3142 convex body, a 3143 magnetic coupling inner permanent magnet, a3144 inner spline A, a3145 outer spline A, a3146 rotating bearing A, a 315 propelling device, a 3151 telescopic hydraulic cylinder, a 3152 hydraulic telescopic rod, a 3153 pressure sensor, a 3154 connecting rod, a 316 coal block, a 3161 coal block fixing part, a 3162 strain gauge, a 317 fixing rod, a 3181 magnetic coupling outer permanent magnet, a 3182 rotating bearing B, a 3183 inner spline B, a 3184 outer spline B, a 3185 rotating driving motor, a 3186 torque sensor, a 3187 synchronous belt, a 319 plane bearing; 32. reference tank 321, tank body A, 322, container plug A, 323, container cap A, 33, high and low temperature test box;
4. gas collecting device, 41, graduated cylinder;
5. the experimental device comprises an electro-hydraulic servo triaxial seepage test device, 51, a host, 511, a loading frame, 512, a triaxial compression chamber, 513, a screw rod, 52, a constant temperature oil bath system, 521, a thermostat, 522, a gas buffer tank, 523, a temperature controller, 524, a circulating pump and 525, an electric heater, wherein the electro-hydraulic servo triaxial seepage test device comprises a main machine, a loading frame, 512, a triaxial compression chamber, 521, a lead screw;
6. a hydraulic pump station;
7. a data acquisition control system;
8. and a main gas path.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The inventor provides a lump coal permeability analysis method of a multi-dimensional data source, and the lump coal permeability is analyzed by using a formula (1) and a machine learning method. The formula (1) is:
K＝f(X11,X12,X15,X21,X22,X23,X24,X31,X32,X41,X51,X52,X53)
wherein: k is the permeability, X11,X12,X21,X22,X23,X24,X31,X32,X41,X51,X52,X53For training values, respectively: x11Is a water content X11、X12Is temperature or ground temperature, X15Is gas pressure, X21Is ground stress deformation, X22Is deformation under gas pressure, X23Is heat stress deformation, X24To absorb expansive force deformation, X31Is a load path, X32For the loading rate, X41As drilling parameters, X51The lost gas quantity, X, of coal52For in situ desorption of gas quantity, X53The residual gas amount is shown as follows.
In the method, dimensional data of each item in the process of drilling the drill bit into the lump coal under different temperature environments needs to be obtained, wherein the dimensional data comprises drill bit temperature change, parameter change while drilling, gas content data of the lump coal, gas real-time analysis amount in the process of drilling the drill bit, gas adsorption expansion deformation real-time monitoring data and the like.
The invention discloses a multidimensional data measuring device 3 in the coal block drilling process, which is illustrated by taking a figure 1 as an example, and specifically comprises the following steps:
an adsorption tank 31 for adsorbing and desorbing the lumped coal 316, a reference tank 32 for equalizing pressure having the same size as the adsorption tank 31; and a high/low temperature test chamber 33 for accommodating the adsorption tank 31 and the reference tank 32. When the test is carried out, the reference tank 32 is filled with gas with set pressure, and then the reference tank 32 and the adsorption tank 31 are communicated until the pressure is balanced. The high-low temperature test chamber 33 can provide different temperature ranges required by test environments: the temperatures between-40 ℃ and 180 ℃ allow the tests to be carried out at different temperatures.
The absorption tank 31 is internally provided with a lump coal fixing member 3161 and a strain gauge 3162 for measuring the deformation of the lump coal 316, the lump coal fixing member 3161 is used for fixing the lump coal 316 for the test, and the strain gauge 3162 is attached to the lump coal 316 for measuring the deformation of the lump coal 316 in the test process.
A temperature measuring drill rod 314 which can vertically move and is hollow inside is fixed in the adsorption tank 31 in a vertical rotating mode, the temperature measuring drill rod 314 is located above the lump coal fixing piece 3161, and a replaceable cutting drill bit 3141 is installed at the bottom of the temperature measuring drill rod 314; a propelling device 315 with a thrust monitoring function is arranged above the adsorption tank 31, and is connected with a temperature measuring drill rod 314 in the adsorption tank 31 through a hollow connecting rod 3154 and a plane bearing 319, and the connecting rod 3154 is in sealing fit with the top of the adsorption tank 31; the pusher 315 may push the thermo drill rod 314 downward, causing the cutting bit 3141 to enter the lump coal 316.
In order to ensure the sealing performance of the adsorption tank 31, a non-contact magnetic coupling matching mode is adopted to drive the temperature measuring drill rod 314 to rotate. As shown in fig. 3, the structure specifically includes: the inner permanent magnet 3143 of the magnetic coupling is sleeved on the temperature measuring drill rod 314 in a matching way through a flat key, the outer part of the adsorption tank 31 is provided with an outer permanent magnet 3181 of the magnetic coupling which is matched with the inner permanent magnet 3143 of the magnetic coupling and can move up and down, and a power device which provides rotary power for the outer permanent magnet 3181 of the magnetic coupling and has the function of monitoring the torque is connected with the outer permanent magnet 3181 of the magnetic coupling in a rolling way; the power device drives the outer permanent magnet 3181 of the magnetic coupling to rotate, and the outer permanent magnet 3181 of the magnetic coupling drives the inner permanent magnet 3143 of the magnetic coupling to synchronously rotate through mutual magnetic force, so that the temperature measuring drill rod 314 can be driven to rotate. The power device, the outer permanent magnet 3181 of the magnetic coupling and the connecting rod 3154 can synchronously move up and down through a connecting mechanism.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, as a further solution of the temperature measuring drill rod 314, an annular convex body 3142 is formed by protruding the upper part of the temperature measuring drill rod 314 along the circumferential direction, and the permanent magnet 3143 in the magnetic coupling is annular and is sleeved on the convex body 3142 by flat key fit; therefore, the permanent magnet 3143 in the magnetic coupling can be ensured to be as close to the inner wall of the canister 31 as possible, and the permanent magnet 3143 in the magnetic coupling and the inner and outer magnets in the magnetic coupling can be well matched.
In order to ensure that the temperature measuring drill rod 314 has good stability in the high-speed rotation process, the inner wall of the adsorption tank 31 is inwards protruded to form a fixing part 3111 with a through hole in the middle, the fixing part 3111 is positioned below the convex body 3142, an internal spline A3144 is installed at the through hole, an external spline A3145 with an installation hole is installed in the internal spline A3144 in a matching mode, and the lower part of the temperature measuring drill rod 314 penetrates through the installation hole and is fixed in the installation hole through a rotating bearing A3146. By means of the mutual matching of the internal spline A3144 and the external spline A3145, the temperature measuring drill rod 314 can stably move downwards under the action of the propelling mechanism in the rotating process so as to cut lump coal 316. Preferably, the rotating bearings A3146 are arranged up and down, so that the temperature measuring drill rod 314 is more stable.
The cutting bit 3141 is also hollow, a temperature sensor is arranged in the inner space thereof, the temperature sensor is led out to the outside of the adsorption tank 31 through the inner space of the temperature measuring drill rod 314 and the inner space of the connecting rod 3154, and the outlet of the inner space in the connecting rod 3154 can be sealed in a sealing mode. Thereby ensuring the sealability of the canister 31.
As shown in fig. 5, the reference tank and the adsorption tank are respectively communicated with the main gas path 8 through gas-dividing paths, and the gas-dividing paths near the gas inlet and outlet holes of the reference tank 32 and the adsorption tank 31 are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve, a pressure sensor and a digital display meter; the main gas path 8 is communicated with the gas source system 1 for supplying gas, the vacuum-pumping system 2 for pumping gas and the gas collecting device 4.
Preferably, the outer permanent magnet 3181 of the magnetic coupling is fixed in a ring shape, and the inner ring of the outer permanent magnet 3181 is fixedly matched with the outer ring of the rotating bearing B3182; the inner ring of the rotary bearing B3182 is matched with the outer ring of the inner spline B3183, the outer spline B3184 matched with the inner spline B3183 is sleeved on the outer wall of the adsorption tank 31, and the length of the inner spline B3183 is matched with the up-down stroke of the temperature measuring drill rod 314. Through the structural design, the outer permanent magnet 3181 of the magnetic coupling rotates at a high speed and moves up and down stably along with the inner permanent magnet 3143 of the magnetic coupling, so that the stability and reliability in the process of cutting the lump coal 316 are ensured.
In order to ensure that the reference tank and the adsorption tank 31 have good sealing performance and can be easily disassembled to place the lump coal 316, preferably, the reference tank 32 comprises a tank body A321 with an opening at the upper part and a container plug A322 matched with the opening and used for plugging the tank body, an upward bulge part A is arranged in the middle of the container plug A322, a through hole A matched with the bulge part A is arranged in the middle of the container press-cap A323, the edge of the container press-cap A323 protrudes downwards and is matched with the outer wall of the opening of the tank body A321 through threads, and a rubber O-shaped ring used for sealing is arranged between the tank body A321 and the container plug A322; the adsorption tank 31 comprises a tank body B311 with an opening arranged above, and a container plug B312 matched with the opening and used for plugging the tank body, wherein a rubber O-shaped ring for sealing is arranged between the container plug B312 and the tank body B311, an upward bulge part B is arranged in the middle of the container plug B312, a through hole for mounting a connecting rod 3154 is arranged in the middle of the bulge part B, a through hole B matched with the bulge part B is arranged in the middle of a container cap B313, and the edge of the container cap B313 bulges downwards and is matched with the outer wall of the opening of the tank body B311 through threads; a high-elasticity energy storage sealing ring for sealing is arranged between the convex part B and the connecting rod 3154, so that the connecting rod 3154 can move up and down and has high sealing performance. When the sealing device is used, the rubber O-shaped ring is preferably selected to be resistant to the temperature of over 260 ℃, so that the sealing device still has good sealing performance in the environment with high temperature.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the propulsion device 315 includes: the servo control system comprises a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 3151, a hydraulic telescopic rod 3152 matched with the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 3151 and a fixing frame for fixing the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 3151, wherein a pressure sensor 3153 is arranged between the hydraulic telescopic rod 3152 and a connecting rod 3154. The servo control system can control the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 3151 to push the hydraulic telescopic rod 3152 with a constant thrust, and the pressure sensor 3153 can monitor the thrust generated by the pushing device 315 in real time.
Further, the power device comprises a rotary driving motor 3185, the rotary driving motor 3185 drives the magnetic coupling outer permanent magnet 3181 to rotate through a synchronous belt 3187, and the rotary driving motor 3185 is connected with a torque sensor 3186. The rotation driving motor 3185 may be installed on the motor support plate; the rotary driving motor 3185 and the internal spline B3183 are fixedly connected with the connecting rod 3154 through a fixing rod 317 so as to ensure that the connecting rod 3154, the rotary driving motor 3185, the synchronous belt 3187, the magnetic coupling external permanent magnet 3181 and the magnetic coupling internal permanent magnet 3143 are always on the same horizontal plane and are not out of step in the transmission process. The rotational drive motor 3185 is capable of controlling the rotational speed, and its torque sensor 3186 may monitor the torque it generates in real time.
As shown in fig. 1, further, the gas source system 5 includes a gas cylinder 11 containing high purity methane with a concentration of 99.999% and a pressure of 20MPa, a pressure reducing valve 12 is disposed on the gas cylinder 11, the pressure reducing valve 12 is connected to the main gas path through a gas path a13, and a pressure sensor, a mechanical pressure gauge and a manual valve are connected in series to the gas path a 13.
As a further alternative, as shown in fig. 5, the vacuum pumping system 2 includes a vacuum piping system 21, a vacuum gauge 22 communicating with the vacuum piping system 21, a composite vacuum pipe 23 communicating with the vacuum gauge 22, and a vacuum pump 24 communicating with the vacuum piping system 21, wherein the vacuum piping system 21 communicates with the main air passage through an air passage B25.
As a further alternative, as shown in fig. 5, the gas collecting device 4 includes a flow meter for measuring the gas flow rate and a measuring cylinder 41 for collecting gas by a drainage method.
By utilizing the multi-dimensional data measuring device 3 in the lump coal drilling process, the measurement of all dimensional data in the process of drilling the drill bit into the lump coal under different temperature environments can be completed; the method comprises the steps of drill bit temperature change, parameter change while drilling, gas content data of lump coal, real-time gas analysis amount in the drill bit drilling process, real-time gas adsorption expansion deformation monitoring data and the like.
As a complement, as shown in fig. 5, an electrohydraulic servo triaxial seepage test device 5 for measuring permeability and related deformation of lump coal under various factors X can be added to complete other tests. The gas source system 1 simultaneously supplies gas to the electro-hydraulic servo triaxial seepage test device 5 and the multi-dimensional data measurement device 3 in the lump coal drilling process; the vacuumizing system 2 is simultaneously communicated with an electro-hydraulic servo triaxial seepage test device 5 and a multi-dimensional data measuring device 3 in the lump coal drilling process so as to vacuumize the two; the gas collecting device 4 can also be connected with two devices at the same time to collect gas; the hydraulic pump station 6 is connected with the two devices to supply hydraulic oil; the data acquisition control system acquires data generated by the two devices.
The hydraulic pump station 6 adopts a two-way 5min/L servo oil source and comprises a high-pressure oil pump set, a valve group, a pipeline, an oil tank, a cooler and an electric control unit. As shown in fig. 1, the electro-hydraulic servo triaxial seepage test device 5 is an WYS-800 microcomputer control electro-hydraulic servo triaxial gas seepage test device, and comprises a host 51 for performing triaxial seepage tests, a gas circuit control system for controlling a gas circuit, a hydraulic system for controlling hydraulic pressure in the host 51, and a computer control system for controlling the host 51, the gas circuit control system and the hydraulic system, besides sharing a gas source, a vacuum pumping system 2, a gas collecting system, a hydraulic local station and a data collecting and controlling system with a multidimensional data measuring device 3 in the drilling process of gas lump coal; WYS-800 microcomputer control electro-hydraulic servo triaxial gas seepage test device is a common device used for triaxial seepage test of coal sample in the technical field, mainly comprising a loading frame 511, a triaxial compression chamber 512 and the like, wherein the up-and-down displacement of the loading frame 511 is realized by a lead screw 513, and a cycloidal pin gear reducer drives a synchronous belt 3187 and a synchronous belt 3187 wheel.
The main machine 51 is communicated with a main air path through an electromagnetic valve A, the main air path at the input side of the electromagnetic valve A is communicated with a constant temperature oil bath system 52, a gas buffer tank 522 for buffering gas in the main air path is arranged in the constant temperature oil bath, the gas buffer tank 522 is arranged in a constant temperature box 521 filled with constant temperature oil liquid, and a circulating pump 524, an electric heater 525, a temperature controller 523 for controlling the electric heater 525 and a temperature sensor A for measuring the temperature of the constant temperature oil liquid are arranged in the constant temperature box 521; a temperature sensor B is disposed in the triaxial chamber of the main unit 51, and the temperature sensor B is electrically connected to the temperature controller 523.
The gas buffer tank 522 can supplement the pressure of the experimental device in the main machine 51. The temperature controller 523 can monitor the temperature of the triaxial chamber, and control the electric heater 525 to heat the constant temperature oil and keep a slightly higher temperature, so as to ensure that the gas passing through the gas buffer tank 522 reaches the triaxial chamber after being heated by the constant temperature oil and reaches the temperature required by the triaxial chamber. When the oil is heated, the oil in the thermostat 521 can be circularly stirred by the circulating pump 524, so that the temperature is more uniform.
As an embodiment of the application of the multidimensional data measuring device for the coal block drilling process, the following experiment can be performed by using the device to obtain the measurement of the permeability of the coal block from a multidimensional data source, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
(1) establishing a data sample form based on permeability prediction of a multi-dimensional data source:
K＝f(X11,X12,X15,X21,X22,X23,X24,X31,X32,X41,X51,X52,X53)
wherein: k is the permeability, X11,X12,X21,X22,X23,X24,X31,X32,X41,X51,X52,X53For training values, respectively: x11Is a water content X11、X12Is temperature or ground temperature, X15Is gas pressure, X21Is ground stress deformation, X22Is deformation under gas pressure, X23Is heat stress deformation, X24To absorb expansive force deformation, X31Is a load path, X32For the loading rate, X41As drilling parameters, X51The lost gas quantity, X, of coal52For in situ desorption of gas quantity, X53The residual gas amount is;
(2) on-site measurement of water content by sampling11Earth temperature X12Gas pressure X15In situ desorption of gas X52The drill bit rotating speed and the drill bit thrust during coring on site are sampled and processed into 50mm by 100mm lump coal and phi 50mm by 100mm cylindrical coal samples; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(3) the multi-dimensional data measuring device 3 for measuring the lump coal adsorption expansion force deformation X under different temperatures and pressures in the lump coal drilling process24Loss of gas X51Residual gas amount X53Parameter X while drilling41；
(4) Measuring the ground stress deformation X of the cylindrical coal sample by using an electro-hydraulic servo triaxial seepage test device 521Gas pressure deformation X22Thermal stress deformation X23Mechanical strength of coal sample and loading path X31Loading rate X32And steady state gas flow Q under the above X factor conditions;
(5) sampling at different positions in the same well field, and repeating the steps (2) to (4) to obtain a plurality of groups of permeability samples under different conditions; collecting enough samples, training partial data through an improved machine learning related algorithm, verifying the reasonability of the algorithm by the rest data, finding out the optimal algorithm and determining the functional relation of K ═ f (X).
Wherein, in the step (2), the method comprises the following steps:
(2-1) determining the water content X of the sampled coal bed by adopting a drying method11(ii) a Continuously monitoring and recording ground temperature data X in temperature measurement drill hole by adopting high ground temperature mine ground temperature test system12(ii) a Measuring the coal bed gas pressure X according to the regulation of the national standard AQ/T1047-15；
(2-2) ensuring that the downhole drilling machine rotates at a constant speed w1Constant thrust force F1Coring in a drilling hole, and determining the influence radius of the drilling hole as L according to the existing drilling hole seepage model1Determining the geometric similarity ratio as C1＝r1/L1(ii) a Wherein r is1Is the drill pipe radius;
(2-3) filling the coal sample A taken out by drilling on the spot into a coal sample tank for sealing, and testing the natural desorption gas quantity X for 2h on the spot52And converting into standard volume;
and (2-4) wrapping the residual coal sample by using a preservative film, and then bringing the wrapped residual coal sample back to a laboratory to be processed into lump coal and cylindrical coal samples.
Wherein, in the step (3), the method comprises the following steps:
(3-1) measurement of residual gas content X by degassing53；
(3-2) simulation of gas content X lost in core drilling51：
a. Determining the diameter of a cutting bit 3141 of the temperature measuring drill rod 314; the equivalent radius of the coal sample is L2The radius of the cutting part of the drill bit should be r2＝C1*L2(ii) a Wherein, the coal sample is lump coal, and the equivalent radius L is the radius equivalent to the equivalent radius converted from the size equivalent2；
b. According to a geometric similarity constant C1Determining a motion similarity constant C2Then according to the field rotation speed w1Determining the rotational speed w of a rotating electrical machine connected to a magnetic coupling2(ii) a According to a geometric similarity constant C1And motion similarity constant C2Determination of the dynamic similarity constant C3Then according to the thrust F in situ1Determining servoThrust F of telescopic hydraulic cylinder 3151 of control system2；
c. The helium is used for calibrating the dead space volumes of the reference tank 32 and the adsorption and desorption tank, and calibrating the dead space volumes of the cutting bit 3141 under different drilling distances;
d. mounting the coal sample on a lump coal fixing part 3161 in the adsorption tank 31 to complete the mounting of the temperature measuring drill rod 314 and the cutting drill bit 3141; the temperature and the ground temperature X of the high-low temperature test box 33 are set12The consistency is achieved;
e. vacuumizing and degassing a multidimensional data measuring device 3 in the gas lump coal drilling process through a vacuumizing system 2;
f. determination of lost gas content X51：
Determination of gas pressure X15Lump coal gas adsorption n under the condition0(ii) a After the adsorption is balanced, the cutting bit 3141 rotates at a constant speed w2Constant thrust force F2Drilling is carried out, the temperature T of the tip of the cutting bit 3141 and the torque M (X) of the cutting bit 3141 are measured in real time41) And measuring the desorption amount n of the lump coal gas after drilling1；
Subjecting the coal sample to adsorption and desorption test under the same conditions without drilling step, wherein the desorption amount n of lump coal gas2Difference n due to frictional high temperature generated during drilling process promoting gas desorption1-n2The loss of gas content in the experiment is determined;
actual coal seam loss gas content X51＝(n1-n2) Similarity ratio;
(3-3) attaching a strain gauge 3162 on the coal sample, and measuring the adsorption expansion force deformation X of the lump coal at different temperatures and gas pressures24。
Wherein, in the step (4), the method comprises the following steps:
(4-1) uniaxial or triaxial failure test is carried out on the coal sample, and the peak strength is sigmamaxEstablishing a relation between mechanical properties and parameters while drilling to characterize pore fracture development X13I.e. X4＝σmax＝g(w2,F2,M)＝g(X41) Determining the function g (X) for a series of tests on different coals41)；
(4-2) measuring the ground stress deformation X of the coal sample without adding gas and heating only by loading force21(ii) a Heating without loading force, measuring thermal stress deformation X of coal sample23；
(4-3) installing the coal sample in a triaxial compression chamber 512 and setting the temperature X12And gas pressure X15In line with the site, with a certain loading path X31And a loading rate X32Loading to preset confining pressure and axial pressure, fully adsorbing and desorbing for 12h to reach an equilibrium state, wherein the volume strain at the moment is e, and the gas pressure is deformed into X22＝e-X24-X21-X23(the symbol here does not indicate the direction of deformation), a steady gas flow rate is measured as Q by a flow meter or a water and gas collecting measuring cylinder 41, and assuming that the gas seepage conforms to darcy's law, the permeability is calculated by the following formula:
wherein K is the permeability of the coal sample, 10-3μm2(ii) a Q is the gas flow at the outlet of the three-shaft compression chamber 512 in cm3/s；PaIs at atmospheric pressure, 0.1 MPa; mu is the dynamic viscosity coefficient of the gas, Pa · s; l is the length of the deformed coal sample, cm; a is the area of the deformed coal sample in cm2；P1Inlet gas pressure, Pa; p2The outlet gas pressure was 101325 Pa.
The multidimensional data measuring device for the coal block drilling process can measure data aiming at data which cannot be directly measured on site in the proposed method for analyzing the permeability of the coal block from multidimensional data sources. The device can be used for researching the desorption rule of coal containing gas under the high-temperature coupling of a ground temperature environment and a middle line of the sample and is used for quantitatively analyzing the relation between drilling parameters and gas loss after the raw coal is balanced under certain gas pressure. Meanwhile, the designed temperature measuring drill rod 314 and the designed cutting drill 3141 can monitor the temperature change of the drill in the drilling process in real time under the sealing condition; the air tightness requirement of the suction tank is guaranteed by utilizing the non-contact transmission principle of magnetic transmission and a high-elastic sealing ring; through the design that the propelling device 315 is separated from the temperature measuring drill rod 314, high-speed rotation movement and linear reciprocating movement are separated, the problem of air tightness after desorption and drilling are combined is solved, and data such as thrust, rotating speed, torque, gas desorption amount, drilling temperature and the like in the process are monitored in real time.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-dimensional data measuring device for a coal block drilling process, comprising:
the device comprises an adsorption tank for adsorbing and desorbing lump coal, a reference tank which has the same size as the adsorption tank and is used for balancing pressure, and a high-low temperature test box for accommodating the adsorption tank and the reference tank;
the absorption tank is internally provided with a lump coal fixing part and a strain gauge for measuring the deformation of the lump coal, a temperature measuring drill rod which can vertically move and is hollow inside is vertically and rotatably fixed inside the absorption tank, the temperature measuring drill rod is positioned above the lump coal fixing part, and the bottom of the temperature measuring drill rod is provided with a replaceable cutting drill bit; a propelling device with a thrust monitoring function is arranged above the adsorption tank, and is connected with a temperature measuring drill rod in the adsorption tank through a hollow connecting rod through a plane bearing, and the connecting rod is in sealing fit with the top of the adsorption tank; the inner permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling is sleeved on the temperature measuring drill rod in a matching way through a flat key, the outer part of the adsorption tank is provided with an outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling which is matched with the inner permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling and can move up and down, and a power device which provides rotary power for the outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling and has the function of monitoring the torque is connected with the outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling in a rolling way; the power device, the outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling and the connecting rod synchronously move up and down; the cutting drill bit is hollow and internally provided with a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is led out to the outside of the adsorption tank through the internal space of the temperature measuring drill rod and the internal space of the connecting rod, and the outlet of the internal space in the connecting rod is sealed;
the reference tank and the adsorption tank are respectively communicated with the main gas path through gas distribution paths, and the gas distribution paths close to the gas inlet and outlet holes of the reference tank and the adsorption tank are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve, a pressure sensor and a digital display meter; the main gas circuit is communicated with a gas source system for supplying gas, a vacuum-pumping system for pumping gas and a gas collecting device.
2. The multi-dimensional data measuring device for the coal drilling process according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the temperature measuring drill rod is protruded along the circumferential direction to form an annular convex body, and the permanent magnet in the magnetic coupling is annular and is sleeved on the convex body in a matching manner through the flat key; the fixing part is located below the convex body, an internal spline A is installed at the position of the through hole, an external spline A with a mounting hole is installed in the internal spline A in a matched mode, and the lower portion of the temperature measurement drill rod penetrates through the mounting hole and is fixed in the mounting hole through a rotating bearing A.
3. The multi-dimensional data measuring device for the coal block drilling process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotary bearings A are arranged in two, up and down, positions.
4. The multi-dimensional data measuring device for the coal drilling process according to claim 2, wherein the outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling is annular, and an inner ring of the outer permanent magnet is fixedly matched with an outer ring of the rotating bearing B; the inner ring of the rotary bearing B is matched with the outer ring of the inner spline B, the outer spline B matched with the inner spline B is sleeved on the outer wall of the adsorption tank, and the length of the inner spline B is matched with the up-down stroke of the temperature measuring drill rod.
5. The multi-dimensional data measuring device for the coal drilling process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reference tank comprises a tank body A with an opening at the upper part, and a container plug A matched with the opening and used for plugging the tank body, the middle part of the container plug A is provided with an upward bulge A, the middle part of the container plug A is provided with a through hole A matched with the bulge A, the edge of the container plug A is bulged downwards and matched with the outer wall of the opening of the tank body A through threads, and a rubber O-shaped ring for sealing is arranged between the tank body A and the container plug A; the adsorption tank comprises a tank body B with an opening arranged above and a container plug B matched with the opening and used for plugging the tank body, a rubber O-shaped ring for sealing is arranged between the container plug B and the tank body B, an upward bulge part B is arranged in the middle of the container plug B, a through hole for mounting the connecting rod is arranged in the middle of the bulge part B, a through hole B matched with the bulge part B is arranged in the middle of the container cap B, the edge of the container cap B bulges downwards and is matched with the outer wall of the opening of the tank body B through threads; and a high-elasticity energy storage sealing ring for sealing is arranged between the bulge part B and the connecting rod.
6. The multi-dimensional data measurement device of claim 5, wherein the propulsion device comprises: the hydraulic control system comprises a telescopic hydraulic cylinder of the servo control system, a hydraulic telescopic rod matched with the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and a fixing frame for fixing the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, wherein a pressure sensor is arranged between the hydraulic telescopic rod and the connecting rod.
7. The multi-dimensional data measuring device for the coal drilling process as claimed in claim 5, wherein the power device comprises a rotary driving motor, the rotary driving motor drives the outer permanent magnet of the magnetic coupling to rotate through a synchronous belt, and the rotary driving motor is connected with a torque sensor; the driving motor and the internal spline B are fixedly connected with the connecting rod through a fixing rod.
8. The multidimensional data measuring device for the coal block drilling process as claimed in claim 5, wherein the gas source system comprises a gas cylinder containing high-purity methane with the concentration of 99.999% and the pressure of 20MPa, a pressure reducing valve is arranged on the gas cylinder and connected to the main gas path through a gas path A, and a pressure sensor, a mechanical pressure gauge and a manual valve are connected in series to the gas path A.
9. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the evacuation system comprises a vacuum piping system, a vacuum gauge in communication with the vacuum piping system, a compound vacuum pipe in communication with the vacuum gauge, and a vacuum pump in communication with the vacuum piping system, the vacuum piping system being in communication with the main gas line via gas line B.
10. The multi-dimensional data measurement device for coal block drilling process of claim 9, wherein the gas collection device comprises a flow meter for measuring gas flow and a measuring cylinder for collecting gas by drainage.
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