CN111519671A - Offshore single point mooring system anchor pile, centrifugal condition testing device and testing method - Google Patents
Offshore single point mooring system anchor pile, centrifugal condition testing device and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111519671A CN111519671A CN202010329167.8A CN202010329167A CN111519671A CN 111519671 A CN111519671 A CN 111519671A CN 202010329167 A CN202010329167 A CN 202010329167A CN 111519671 A CN111519671 A CN 111519671A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
- E02D27/525—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water using elements penetrating the underwater ground
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
- E02D5/28—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals
- E02D5/285—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals tubular, e.g. prefabricated from sheet pile elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/54—Piles with prefabricated supports or anchoring parts; Anchoring piles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2200/00—Geometrical or physical properties
- E02D2200/14—Geometrical or physical properties resilient or elastic
- E02D2200/146—Springs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0026—Metals
- E02D2300/0029—Steel; Iron
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/30—Miscellaneous comprising anchoring details
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine geotechnical engineering foundations, and provides an anchor pile of an offshore single-point mooring system, a centrifugal condition testing device and a testing method. The anchor pile of the offshore single-point mooring system comprises a stiffening rib, a movable lug and a steel pipe pile; the movable lug is sleeved on the stiffening rib and can slide along the tangential direction and the axial direction of the stiffening rib. A centrifugal condition test device and a test method for an anchor pile of an offshore single-point mooring system are disclosed, wherein the test device comprises: drum centrifuge, mould groove, anchor pile, anchor chain, transparent soil, high-speed high definition camera, light, spring and protect a section of thick bamboo part. The invention effectively eliminates the torsional load to the anchor pile caused by the movement of the anchor chain, improves the horizontal and vertical load resistance of the anchor pile, and reduces the winding and self-locking phenomena of the anchor chain. The invention can visually observe the movement tracks of the anchor chains, the anchor piles and the movable ox ears and the deformation of the surrounding soil body under the centrifugal condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine geotechnical engineering foundations, and particularly relates to an anchor pile of an offshore single-point mooring system, a centrifugal condition testing device and a testing method.
Background
With the continued development of offshore oil resources, more and more oil resources will come from the deepwater zone of the ocean. At present, crude oil in China still mainly depends on import, and the main transportation mode is marine oil tanker transportation. A single point mooring system refers to a marine vessel (e.g., tanker, sand carrier) moored at a single point to another fixed or floating structure about which the vessel can rotate 360 degrees in response to wind, waves, currents, etc., and finally moored at an orientation where the environmental forces of wind, waves, etc. are minimal. The offshore vessel can be moored directly to a 'floating dock' without depending on the traditional fixed dock. The traditional fixed wharf is generally built on the coast, has high requirements on the geographical environment for building the large-scale deep water wharf and is expensive in manufacturing cost. Marine single point mooring systems, typically built at offshore locations; can be used for mooring large oil tanker, and has the advantages of low construction investment and short construction period. Compared with the fixed wharf of the same level, the construction investment of the single point mooring system is reduced by 70-80%, the crude oil loading and unloading cost per ton is reduced by 30-40%, and the construction period is shortened by 20-30%. Under the severe environment conditions of wind, wave, flow and the like, even under the conditions of 7-level strong wind and 3.5m effective wave height, the single-point mooring system can still ensure the loading and unloading of crude oil of an oil tanker, greatly prolongs the working period, and the average working day of part of areas can reach 330 days each year.
The anchoring system of the single point mooring system comprises a buoy, an anchor chain and an anchor pile (or a suction tube). Wherein, the anchor pile or the suction tube is buried at a certain depth below the seabed mud surface and is used as an anchoring foundation. Under the action of acting force of a mooring ship, wind, wave and current comprehensive loads, the included angle between the stress direction of an anchor chain acting on an anchor pile and the horizontal plane is probably 0-90 degrees; the acting force of the anchor chain acting on the anchor pile changes not only in the vertical plane but also in the horizontal plane, so that the anchor pile bears certain torsional load. The ox ear for connecting the anchor pile and the anchor chain is generally arranged on the side wall of the anchor pile; the ox ear is at the position that sets up of anchor pile lateral wall, and the level that directly influences the anchor pile is to, is pulled out or is pulled out bearing capacity to one side upwards. Meanwhile, the traditional fixed type oxter is very easy to cause the winding and self-locking phenomena of the anchor chain, thereby causing the damage of the anchor chain. Therefore, the position of the cattle ear is dynamically adjusted according to the acting force direction of the anchor chain on the anchor pile, so that the bearing capacity of the horizontal force and the vertical force of the anchor pile is coordinated and distributed, and the winding and self-locking phenomena of the anchor chain are avoided, which is particularly important. The invention patent CN 108146580B-universal free rotary joint device for anchoring point of ocean platform anchoring system discloses a universal free rotary joint device, which can reduce the occurrence of anchor chain winding and self-locking; however, the device is fixed on the top of the anchor pile, only can reduce the winding and self-locking of the anchor chain, and cannot adjust the shape of the anchor pile when bearing load. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a new anchor pile capable of dynamically coordinating and distributing horizontal and vertical bearing forces of the anchor pile. Meanwhile, the deflection angle of the anchor pile under the action of the anchor chain, the displacement field of the soil body around the anchor pile, the moving mode of the anchor chain in the soil body and the disturbance of the seabed soil body caused by the movement of the anchor chain are not clear, so that a visual observation test device and technology suitable for the research of the interaction mechanism of the anchor pile and the transparent soil are very necessary to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an anchor pile structure device of a single-point mooring system, which comprises a movable lug and an anchor pile, wherein stiffening ribs are arranged on the upper part of the anchor pile; the stiffening ribs improve the horizontal and vertical bearing capacity of the anchor pile on one hand, and play a role in limiting the movable interval for the movable lugs on the other hand; the movable lug is a structural component for connecting the anchor chain and the anchor pile, can slide in a tangential direction to eliminate the torsional force of the anchor chain acting on the anchor pile and the winding and self-locking problems of the anchor chain, and can move in an axial direction to adjust the horizontal and vertical bearing performance.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the anchor pile of the offshore single-point mooring system comprises a stiffening rib 5, a movable lug 6 and a steel pipe pile 4, wherein the stiffening rib 5 is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the steel pipe pile 4, and the movable lug 6 is arranged on the stiffening rib 5 and can slide.
The diameter of the steel pipe pile 4 is 0.8-1.2 m, the wall thickness is 2-4 cm, the pile length is 15-25 m, and the distance between the pile top of the steel pipe pile 4 and the seabed surface is 4-7 m.
The longitudinal section of the stiffening rib 5 is arc-shaped, the upper part and the lower part are wide, and the middle part is narrow; the cross section of the stiffening rib 5 is trapezoidal; the stiffening ribs 5 are fixedly connected to the upper part of the steel pipe pile 4, arranged at the position which is 0.1-0.3 times the pile length of the steel pipe pile 4 away from the pile top of the steel pipe pile 4, and 3-6 stiffening ribs 5 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the steel pipe pile 4; the stiffening ribs 5 can improve the bearing capacity of the anchor pile and limit the moving range of the movable lug 6.
The movable ox ear 6 consists of an annular steel frame and a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the annular steel frame; the movable lug 6 is arranged at the narrow position of the arc top of the stiffening rib 5 and slides along the tangential direction and the axial direction of the stiffening rib 5; the connecting plate is connected with the anchor chain 8 through a rotating ring buckle.
A visual observation anchor pile bearing performance exertion mechanism test device and a test method based on a transparent soil material and a geotechnical drum type centrifuge; the method is characterized in that the moving track of an anchor chain in transparent soil and the cutting damage to a soil body under the action of a load of a complex environment are observed in a non-embedded visual mode, the moving rule of a movable ox ear in the transparent soil, the oblique rotation and displacement of an anchor pile and the internal displacement field of the soil body around the anchor pile are obtained, and the interaction mechanism of the anchor pile and the transparent soil of the single-point mooring system is disclosed.
A centrifugal condition testing device for an anchor pile of an offshore single-point mooring system comprises a transparent model groove 11, the anchor pile, an anchor chain 8, transparent soil 3, a high-speed high-definition camera, a light source, a spring 9 and a pile casing 10; the transparent mould groove 11 is annular; the transparent soil 3 is mainly formed by mixing fused quartz sand particles or amorphous silicon dioxide powder, 15# white oil and mixed mineral oil of n-dodecane and is used for simulating sandy soil or clay; an anchor pile is buried in the simulated transparent soil 3, the top of the anchor pile is positioned below the surface of a soil body, the bottom of the anchor pile is positioned above a spring 9, a protective cylinder 10 is arranged outside the spring 9, and a movable lug 6 at the upper part of the anchor pile is connected with a slidable bolt 12 on the wall of a transparent model groove 11 through an anchor chain 8; a light source is arranged outside the transparent model groove 11, a high-speed high-definition camera capable of observing the space of the transparent model groove is arranged on the front view surface and the top view surface outside the transparent model groove 11, and the high-speed high-definition camera is connected with a processing device through a data line; the high-speed high-definition camera records the movement or displacement tracks of the anchor chain 8, the movable lug 6 and the anchor pile, and the internal displacement field of the soil body around the anchor pile, so as to disclose the interaction mechanism of the anchor pile and the transparent soil of the single-point mooring system.
A centrifugal condition testing method for anchor piles of an offshore single-point mooring system comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing transparent soil for test; mixing 15# white oil and n-dodecane according to the mass ratio of 1:4 to form mixed mineral oil with the refractive index of 1.4585 or 1.447, and uniformly scattering fused quartz sand particles or amorphous silicon dioxide powder into the mixed mineral oil to prepare transparent soil; placing the prepared transparent soil in a vacuum environment, and removing bubbles in the transparent soil;
(2) installing anchor piles and filling transparent soil; installing a spring 9 and a protective cylinder 10 at the bottom of a transparent mold groove 11, and placing the spring 9 in the protective cylinder 10; the anchor piles are perpendicular to the bottom of the transparent model groove 11 and are placed on the springs 9; a thin layer of transparent soil 3 is arranged at the bottom of the transparent mould groove 11 and used for fixing the anchor pile; injecting prepared transparent soil into the transparent model groove 11 through a hose, and connecting the movable lug 6 at the upper part of the anchor pile with a slidable bolt 12 on the wall of the transparent model groove 11 through an anchor chain 8;
(3) arranging a mould groove; installing a light source and a high-speed high-definition camera in a transparent model groove 11, adjusting the installation position of the high-speed high-definition camera according to the position needing to be observed on the front view surface and the overlooking surface, and recording the coordinate of the high-speed high-definition camera; the high-speed high-definition camera is connected with the data acquisition and processing device through a data line;
(4) starting the centrifugal machine; solidifying the transparent soil 3 under the set acceleration, and obtaining different super-solidification ratios by adjusting the acceleration after solidification is finished;
(5) carrying out a test; the anchor chain 8 and the anchor pile are moved by moving the slidable bolt 12 at the upper part of the transparent model groove 11; the deformation and movement processes of the anchor chain 8, the anchor pile and the surrounding soil body are recorded and analyzed in real time through a light source and a high-speed high-definition camera; and acquiring the moving three-dimensional tracks of the anchor chain 8 and the anchor pile according to a stereo measurement method.
(6) Finishing the test; and (5) closing the geotechnical drum type centrifuge, and removing the transparent soil and the anchor piles in the transparent model groove 11 to finish the test.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the fixed type lug on the side wall of the upper part of the anchor pile of the offshore single-point mooring system is adjusted to the movable lug capable of sliding tangentially and axially, and the stiffening rib is arranged on the upper part of the anchor pile to improve the bearing capacity of the anchor pile and limit the movement of the movable lug, so that the torsional load of the anchor pile caused by the movement of an anchor chain is effectively eliminated, the horizontal and vertical load capacity of the anchor pile is improved, and the phenomena of winding and self-locking of the anchor chain are reduced. The invention also provides a centrifugal condition test device and a test method for visually observing the movement tracks of the anchor chains, the anchor piles and the movable lugs and the deformation of the surrounding soil body by utilizing a transparent soil test technology and an earthwork drum type centrifuge test technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an offshore single point mooring system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an anchor pile superstructure of the offshore single point mooring system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anchor pile of the offshore single point mooring system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal section of an anchor pile of the offshore single point mooring system of the present invention;
figure 5 is a schematic view of the radial cross section of the geotechnical drum centrifuge model groove of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 sea level; 2 the surface of the seabed; 3, transparent soil; 4, steel pipe piles; 5 a stiffening rib; 6, movable ox ears; 7, turning a ring buckle; 8, anchor chains; 9, a spring; 10 protecting the cylinder; 11 transparent mould groove; 12 a slidable bolt; 13 central axis of the centrifugal machine model groove; 14 buoys.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in figures 1-4, the offshore single-point mooring system mainly comprises a buoy 14, an anchor chain 8 and mooring anchor piles, and the invention relates to the mooring anchor piles. The novel mooring anchor pile comprises a steel pipe pile 4, a stiffening rib 5 and a movable lug 6. The stiffening ribs 5 are in a strip shape, the longitudinal section of each stiffening rib is arc-shaped, the upper part and the lower part of each stiffening rib are wide, and the middle part of each stiffening rib is narrow; the cross section is trapezoidal. The stiffening ribs 5 are fixed on the upper part of the steel pipe pile 4 in a welding mode, and the distance between the position of the stiffening ribs and the pile top is 0.3 times of the pile length; 4 stiffening ribs are provided in total along the circumferential direction of the steel pipe pile 4. The stiffening ribs 4 can effectively improve the horizontal and vertical force resistance of the anchor pile. The movable ox ear 6 consists of an annular steel frame and a connecting plate; the connecting plate is welded on the steel frame; the movable lug 6 is sleeved at the narrow position of the arc top of the stiffening rib 5; the movable lug 6 can slide along the stiffening rib 5 in the tangential direction and the axial direction, and meanwhile, the stiffening rib 5 limits the range of the movable lug 6 moving up and down; the movable ox ear 6 is connected to the buoy 14 through a swivel buckle 7 and an anchor chain 8.
The invention relates to a centrifugal condition test device for an anchor pile of an offshore single-point mooring system, which comprises a centrifugal machine, a model groove 11, a mooring anchor pile, an anchor chain 8, transparent soil 3, a high-speed high-definition camera, a light source, a spring 9 and a pile casing 10. The centrifuge is a geotechnical drum centrifuge, and is relatively more suitable for ocean engineering tests. The model groove 11 is made of organic glass and is annular. The transparent clay 3 is formed by mixing amorphous silicon dioxide powder and mixed mineral oil of 15# white oil and n-dodecane and can simulate clay. The mooring anchor pile comprises a steel pipe pile 4, a stiffening rib 5 and a movable lug 6. The mooring anchor pile is buried in the transparent soil 3, the top of the anchor pile is positioned below the soil body surface 2 of the transparent soil 3, the bottom of the anchor pile is positioned above the spring 9, and the outer side of the spring 9 is provided with a pile casing 10. The anchor chain 8 connects the movable lug 6 on the mooring anchor pile with the slidable bolt 12 on the model groove 11. A strong illumination light source is arranged outside the mold groove 11, a high-speed high-definition camera capable of observing the internal space of the transparent mold groove 11 is arranged on the front view surface and the top view surface outside the mold groove 11, and the high-speed high-definition camera is connected with a processing device through a data line; and recording the movement or displacement tracks of the anchor chain 8, the movable lug 6 and the mooring anchor pile and the internal displacement field of the soil body around the anchor pile by using a high-speed high-definition camera.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the invention relates to a test method of an anchor pile centrifugal condition test device of an offshore single-point mooring system, which mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing transparent soil 3; the solid particles selected in this example were high purity amorphous silica powder with a refractive index of 1.447 and the pore liquid used was mineral oil blend of white oil # 15 and n-dodecane. Mixing 15# white oil and n-dodecane mixed mineral oil according to the mass ratio of 1:4 to form mixed mineral oil with the refractive index of 1.447, and uniformly scattering amorphous silicon dioxide into the mixed mineral oil to prepare transparent soil 3; and placing the prepared transparent soil 3 in a vacuum environment, and removing bubbles in the transparent soil 3.
(2) Mounting mooring anchor piles and filling transparent soil; in the embodiment, the diameter of the steel pipe pile 4 for manufacturing the mooring anchor pile is 2cm, and the length of the steel pipe pile is 10 cm; the length of the stiffening rib 5 is 2cm, the maximum width is 1cm, the minimum width is 0.6cm, and the central thickness of the cross section is 0.3 cm; the movable lug 6 is formed by welding an annular steel frame with the diameter of 2.8cm and a connecting plate; and sleeving the movable lugs 6 on the steel pipe pile 4 and the stiffening ribs 5, and then welding the stiffening ribs 5 on the steel pipe pile 4 to manufacture the mooring anchor pile. The spring 9 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mold groove 11, and the protective sleeve 10 is sleeved on the spring 9 and is arranged at the bottom of the mold groove 11. The mooring anchor pile is vertically placed on the spring 9 at the bottom of the model groove 11, and a layer of transparent soil 3 is scattered at the bottom of the model groove 11 for fixing the mooring anchor pile. Injecting the prepared transparent soil 3 into the test mold groove 11 through a special hose; the movable lug 6 is connected with a slidable bolt 12 on the model groove 11 by using an anchor chain 9.
(3) Arranging a mould groove 11; the mold groove 11 used in this embodiment has a vertical length of 30cm, a radial length of 20cm, and a diameter of 1.2 m. Installing a light source and a high-speed high-definition camera outside the mold groove 11, specifically adjusting the installation position of the high-speed high-definition camera according to the positions to be observed of the front view surface and the top view surface, and recording the coordinates of the high-speed high-definition camera; and the high-speed high-definition camera is connected with the data acquisition and processing device through a data line.
(4) Starting the centrifugal machine; solidifying the transparent soil 3 under 250g, wherein the height of a solidified sample is 15 cm; after completion of consolidation, the acceleration was adjusted to 125g, and a sample having a super consolidation ratio of 2 was obtained.
(5) Carrying out a test; the slidable bolt 12 at the upper part of the model groove 11 is moved to move the anchor chain 8 and the anchor pile; recording and analyzing deformation and moving processes of the anchor chain 8, the anchor pile and the surrounding soil body in real time by using a camera; and acquiring the moving three-dimensional tracks of the anchor chain 8 and the anchor pile according to a stereo measurement method.
(6) Finishing the test; and (5) closing the centrifugal machine, and removing the transparent soil 3 and the anchor piles in the mold groove 11 to finish the test.
Claims (7)
1. The anchor pile for the offshore single-point mooring system is characterized by comprising a stiffening rib (5), a movable ox ear (6) and a steel pipe pile (4), wherein the stiffening rib (5) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the steel pipe pile (4), and the movable ox ear (6) is arranged on the stiffening rib (5) and can slide.
2. The anchor pile for the offshore single point mooring system according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the steel pipe pile (4) is 0.8-1.2 m, the wall thickness is 2-4 cm, the pile length is 15-25 m, and the distance from the pile top of the steel pipe pile (4) to the seabed surface (2) is 4-7 m.
3. An anchor pile for an offshore single point mooring system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stiffening rib (5) has an arc-shaped longitudinal section, wide upper and lower parts and a narrow middle part; the cross section of the stiffening rib (5) is trapezoidal; the stiffening ribs (5) are fixedly connected to the upper part of the steel pipe pile (4), are arranged at the position which is 0.1-0.3 times of the pile length of the steel pipe pile (4) away from the pile top of the steel pipe pile (4), and are provided with 3-6 stiffening ribs (5) along the circumferential direction of the steel pipe pile (4); the stiffening ribs (5) can improve the bearing capacity of the anchor pile and limit the moving range of the movable ox ear (6).
4. An anchor pile for an offshore single point mooring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the movable lug (6) is composed of an annular steel frame and a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the annular steel frame; the movable ox ear (6) is arranged at the narrow position of the arc top of the stiffening rib (5) and slides along the tangential direction and the axial direction of the stiffening rib (5); the connecting plate is connected with the anchor chain (8) through a rotating ring buckle.
5. An anchor pile for an offshore single point mooring system according to claim 3, characterized in that the movable lug (6) is composed of an annular steel frame and a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the annular steel frame; the movable ox ear (6) is arranged at the narrow position of the arc top of the stiffening rib (5) and slides along the tangential direction and the axial direction of the stiffening rib (5); the connecting plate is connected with the anchor chain (8) through a rotating ring buckle.
6. A centrifugal condition testing device for an anchor pile of an offshore single-point mooring system is characterized by comprising a transparent model groove (11), an anchor pile, an anchor chain (8), transparent soil (3), a high-speed high-definition camera, a light source, a spring (9) and a pile casing (10); the transparent mould groove (11) is annular; the transparent soil (3) is mainly formed by mixing fused quartz sand particles or amorphous silicon dioxide powder, 15# white oil and mixed mineral oil of n-dodecane and is used for simulating sandy soil or clay; the anchor pile is buried in the simulated transparent soil (3), the top of the anchor pile is positioned below the surface of the soil body, the bottom of the anchor pile is positioned above the spring (9), the outer side of the spring (9) is provided with a protective cylinder (10), and a movable lug (6) at the upper part of the anchor pile is connected with a slidable bolt (12) on the wall of the transparent model groove (11) through an anchor chain (8); a light source is arranged outside the transparent model groove (11), a high-speed high-definition camera capable of observing the space of the transparent model groove is arranged on the front view surface and the top view surface outside the transparent model groove (11), and the high-speed high-definition camera is connected with a processing device through a data line; the high-speed high-definition camera records the motion or displacement tracks of the anchor chain (8), the movable ox ear (6) and the anchor pile, and the internal displacement field of the soil body around the anchor pile, so as to disclose the interaction mechanism of the anchor pile and the marine soil of the single-point mooring system.
7. A centrifugal condition testing method for anchor piles of an offshore single-point mooring system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing transparent soil (3) for test; mixing 15# white oil and n-dodecane according to the mass ratio of 1:4 to form mixed mineral oil with the refractive index of 1.4585 or 1.447, and uniformly scattering fused quartz sand particles or amorphous silicon dioxide powder into the mixed mineral oil to prepare transparent soil; placing the prepared transparent soil in a vacuum environment, and removing bubbles in the transparent soil;
(2) installing anchor piles and filling transparent soil; a spring (9) and a protective cylinder (10) are arranged at the bottom of a transparent model groove (11), and the spring (9) is placed in the protective cylinder (10); the anchor piles are perpendicular to the bottom of the transparent model groove (11) and are arranged on the springs (9); a thin layer of transparent soil (3) is arranged at the bottom of the transparent mould groove (11) and used for fixing the anchor pile; injecting prepared transparent soil into a transparent model groove (11) through a hose, and connecting a movable ox ear (6) at the upper part of an anchor pile with a slidable bolt (12) on the wall of the transparent model groove (11) through an anchor chain (8);
(3) arranging a mould groove; the method comprises the following steps of (1) installing a light source and a high-speed high-definition camera in a transparent model groove (11), adjusting the installation position of the high-speed high-definition camera according to the positions needing to be observed on the front view surface and the top view surface, and recording the coordinates of the high-speed high-definition camera; the high-speed high-definition camera is connected with the data acquisition and processing device through a data line;
(4) starting the centrifugal machine; solidifying the transparent soil (3) under the set acceleration, and obtaining different super-solidification ratios by adjusting the acceleration after solidification is finished;
(5) carrying out a test; the anchor chain (8) and the anchor pile are moved by moving a slidable bolt (12) at the upper part of the transparent model groove (11); the deformation and movement processes of the anchor chain (8), the anchor pile and the surrounding soil body are recorded and analyzed in real time through a light source and a high-speed high-definition camera; acquiring the moving three-dimensional tracks of the anchor chain (8) and the anchor pile according to a stereo measurement method;
(6) finishing the test; and (4) closing the geotechnical drum type centrifuge, removing the transparent soil and the anchor piles in the transparent model groove (11), and completing the test.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2022160417A1 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | 浙江大学 | Centrifuge loading device for suction anchor out-of-plane test |
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| KR20120117243A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2012-10-24 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Stand bollard device for ship |
| CN108146580A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-06-12 | 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） | Universal for ocean platform mooring system anchor point rotates freely piecing devices |
| CN110055994A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-26 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of suction cylindrical structure |
| CN111038646A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-21 | 江苏亚星锚链股份有限公司 | Rotatable R6 level mooring chain link |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20120117243A (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2012-10-24 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Stand bollard device for ship |
| CN108146580A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-06-12 | 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） | Universal for ocean platform mooring system anchor point rotates freely piecing devices |
| CN110055994A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-26 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of suction cylindrical structure |
| CN111038646A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-21 | 江苏亚星锚链股份有限公司 | Rotatable R6 level mooring chain link |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2022160417A1 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | 浙江大学 | Centrifuge loading device for suction anchor out-of-plane test |
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| CN111519671B (en) | 2021-05-18 |
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