CN111519005A - Large D-shaped Nb3Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment - Google Patents
Large D-shaped Nb3Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111519005A CN111519005A CN202010287917.XA CN202010287917A CN111519005A CN 111519005 A CN111519005 A CN 111519005A CN 202010287917 A CN202010287917 A CN 202010287917A CN 111519005 A CN111519005 A CN 111519005A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
- H01F41/048—Superconductive coils
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large D-shaped Nb3The Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment comprises a D-shaped furnace shell, a heat insulation layer, a D-shaped heating chamber, a D-shaped annular cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen, a protective gas circulation diversion system, a gas pipeline and the like. The heat treatment equipment is special heat treatment equipment designed for the D-shaped superconducting coil, and can be used for heat treatment of other D-shaped workpieces. The design of the protective gas circulation flow guide system can improve the uniformity of the heat treatment temperature of the superconducting coil to +/-3 ℃ on one hand, and ensure the cleanliness of the superconducting coil on the other hand. The invention has the advantages that the heat treatment equipment adopts a redundancy deviceThe idea is taken into consideration, and the safety and the reliability of the heat treatment of the superconducting coil are improved. The heat treatment mode of protective gas circulation diversion is adopted, so that the construction cost of the equipment can be reduced while the heat treatment temperature uniformity of the superconducting coil is improved. The system is suitable for heat treatment of large D-shaped superconducting coils with the length of 22m and the width of 15m, and meets the requirement of large D-shaped Nb3The heat treatment technical requirement of the Sn superconducting coil is improved, and Nb is increased3The superconducting property of the Sn superconducting coil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a D-shaped Nb3The technical field of Sn superconducting coil heat treatment, in particular to a large D-shaped Nb3And the Sn superconducting coil protective atmosphere heat treatment furnace system.
Background
Energy shortage and environmental pollution brought by the use process of traditional fossil energy are two major key problems in the development of all countries in the world at present. Compared with fission nuclear energy, the fusion energy resource is more abundant, has high mass energy density and no high radioactive waste discharge, is environment-friendly, is an ideal new energy source in the future, and is one of the feasible ways which most probably solve the problem of long-term energy sources of human beings at present. At present, the scientific research of fusion energy in the international world mainly comprises magnetic confinement fusion and inertial confinement fusion, and the scientific feasibility of the magnetic confinement fusion energy is verified on a Tokamak device, which shows that the Tokamak type device is the most possible way to obtain the fusion energy firstly.
The Chinese Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) is a Tokamak test device which is independently designed and built in China. The CFETR magnet system mainly comprises a longitudinal field coil (TF), a poloidal field coil (PF), and a central solenoid Coil (CS). The CFETR TF coils are 16 groups, the TF superconducting coils are shaped like an upper-case D, the TF coils are about 22m long, about 15m wide and about 1m thick, and are used for generating a toroidal field to restrain plasma.
The highest magnetic field of TF reaches 14.8T, and high-performance Nb is adopted3Sn superconducting materials are developed. Nb3After being wound and formed, the Sn coil needs to undergo certain heat treatment to generate solid state diffusion reaction, so that an A15 superconducting phase is generated. The heat treatment being Nb3The key technology of Sn superconducting coil manufacture, the quality of heat treatment directly determines the superconducting performance of future coils.
Nb3Sn superconductivityTemperature and temperature uniformity of coil heat treatment, these two factors are on Nb3The superconductivity of Sn plays a crucial role. High performance Nb3The heat treatment system of the Sn superconducting coil comprises the following temperature rise rate: cooling at 5 deg.c/h and 5 deg.c/h to 500 deg.c and cooling at furnace temperature; the key heat preservation interval: the temperature is kept at 210 ℃ for 48 hours, at 400 ℃ for 48 hours and at 640 ℃ for 50 hours. In the temperature rise stage, the temperature uniformity of the coil is required to be within +/-10 ℃; and in the heat preservation stage, the temperature uniformity of each heat preservation platform coil is required to be within +/-5 ℃.
At present, no heat treatment furnace designed for the large D-shaped coil exists at home and abroad, and the construction of large heat treatment equipment is necessary due to the requirement of a CFETR device. Currently, for large D-shaped Nb3The Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment mainly overcomes the following difficulties:
(1) heat treated workpieces, namely: d-shaped Nb3The Sn superconducting coil is irregular in shape and large in volume;
(2) the heat treatment of the superconducting coil has sensitivity to temperature, and the temperature uniformity needs to be controlled within +/-5 ℃.
(3) The heat treatment equipment has high construction cost and complex process control.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention is directed to a large D-shaped Nb3The large D-shaped heat treatment equipment designed for the Sn superconducting coil for the first time adopts a heat treatment mode of protective atmosphere, so that the manufacturing cost of the heat treatment equipment is reduced. The design of the protective gas circulation flow guide system can improve the uniformity of the heat treatment temperature of the superconducting coil to +/-3 ℃ on one hand, and ensure the cleanliness of the superconducting coil on the other hand.
The invention provides a large D-shaped Nb3The Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment comprises a D-shaped furnace shell, a heat insulation layer, a D-shaped heating chamber, a D-shaped annular cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen, a protective gas circulation diversion system and a gas pipeline;
the D-shaped furnace shell comprises a D-shaped outer furnace shell and a D-shaped inner furnace shell, a plurality of groups of axial flow fans and thermocouple reserved ports are installed on the D-shaped furnace shell, a plurality of groups of air outlet pipelines are arranged on the D-shaped outer furnace shell, and a plurality of groups of air inlet pipelines are arranged on the D-shaped inner furnace shell;
the heat-insulating layer is made of heat-insulating materials and is laid between the D-shaped furnace shell and the heating wire, and the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is between 100 and 250 mm;
the D-shaped heating chamber comprises heating wires fixed on the heat-insulating layer, a D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen and a protective gas circulating diversion system; the heating wires are uniformly arranged in the D-shaped furnace body; the D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen is positioned in the D-shaped heating chamber and is made of steel, and an inlet and an outlet of a gas pipeline are reserved on the D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen; the gas pipeline comprises a protective gas inlet pipeline and a protective gas outlet pipeline, and protective gas flows and is replaced in the furnace through the gas pipeline.
Furthermore, the protective gas circulation flow guide system comprises an axial flow fan, an arc-shaped flow guide plate and louver blades, the superconducting coil is positioned in the protective gas circulation flow guide system, and the protective gas circulation flow guide system is used for enabling protective gas to flow on the surface of the superconducting coil and improving the temperature uniformity in the furnace.
Furthermore, the D-shaped furnace shell is a D-shaped stainless steel tank body, the thickness of the tank body is 10-50mm, the length of the D-shaped inner furnace shell is greater than 10m, less than 20m, the width of the D-shaped inner furnace shell is greater than 7m and less than 13m, the length of the D-shaped outer furnace shell is greater than 24m, less than 30m, the width of the D-shaped outer furnace shell is greater than 17m and less than 25m, and the D-shaped furnace shell and the gas pipeline are sealed in a welding mode.
Furthermore, the total power of the D-shaped heating chamber is more than 6000KW, each heating module is provided with a standby heating wire, and each group of heating wires are independently controlled.
Furthermore, the D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen is designed according to the size of the superconducting coil and can bear the micro-positive pressure of 50kPa, and the D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen is installed in a welding mode to ensure the air tightness of the cavity.
Furthermore, the axial flow fan in the protective gas circulation flow guide system comprises a variable frequency motor, a motor fixing support, a rotating shaft water cooling jacket and an impeller; the motor fixing support is installed on the D-shaped furnace shell, the bearing of the fan is cooled by the rotating shaft water cooling sleeve, the flow direction of the protective gas is changed by changing the rotation direction of the impeller of the axial flow fan, and the flow speed of the protective gas is changed by adjusting the rotation frequency of the axial flow fan.
Furthermore, the arc guide plate in the protective gas circulation flow guide system is a stainless steel arc plate capable of adjusting the installation angle, and is used for changing the flow direction of the protective gas and reducing the vortex caused by turning the fan impeller.
Furthermore, the louver blade in the protective gas circulation flow guiding system is a protective gas wind current partial pressure device, and the mounting angle of the louver blade is changed to change the gas flow resistance, so that the protective gas uniformly flows into the surface of the superconducting coil.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the advantages that the heat treatment equipment adopts the idea of redundant design, and the safety and the reliability of the heat treatment of the superconducting coil are improved.
(1) The heat treatment equipment is special heat treatment equipment designed for large D-shaped superconducting coils, and can be used for heat treatment of other D-shaped workpieces.
(2) The design of the protective gas circulation flow guide system can improve the uniformity of the heat treatment temperature of the superconducting coil to +/-3 ℃ on one hand, and ensure the cleanliness of the superconducting coil on the other hand.
(3) The heat treatment mode of protective gas circulation diversion is adopted, so that the construction cost of the equipment can be reduced while the heat treatment temperature uniformity of the superconducting coil is improved.
(4) The heat treatment equipment adopts the idea of redundant design, and the safety and the reliability of the heat treatment of the superconducting coil are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the heat treatment apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2: the axial flow fan is structurally schematic;
FIG. 3: the local structure of the protective gas circulation diversion system is schematic.
Description of reference numerals:
the heat-insulation and heat-insulation combined furnace comprises a 1D-shaped outer furnace shell, a 2 heat-insulation layer, 3 heating wires, 4 protective gas circulation flow-guiding systems, 5 arc-shaped flow-guiding plates, 6 superconducting coils, 7D-shaped heating chambers, 8 thermocouple reserved ports, 9 axial flow fans, 10 impellers, 11 rotating shaft water cooling sleeves, 12 variable frequency motors, 13 motor fixing supports, 14 air outlet pipelines, 15D-shaped annular cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screens, 16 louver blades, 17 air inlet pipelines and 18D-shaped inner furnace shells.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention without creative efforts.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention proposes a large D-shaped Nb3Sn superconducting coil heat treatment apparatus comprising: the device comprises a D-shaped outer furnace shell 1, a D-shaped inner furnace shell 18, a heat insulation layer 2, a D-shaped heating chamber 7, a D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen 15, a protective gas circulating and guiding system 4, an air inlet pipeline 17 and an air outlet pipeline 14; the D-shaped furnace shell is divided into a D-shaped outer furnace shell 1 and a D-shaped inner furnace shell 18, a plurality of groups of axial flow fans 9 and thermocouple reserved ports 8 are installed on the D-shaped furnace shell, the thermocouple reserved ports 8 are used for monitoring the heat treatment temperature of the superconducting coils 6 in real time by installing thermocouples, a plurality of groups of air outlet pipelines 14 are arranged on the D-shaped outer furnace shell 1, and a plurality of groups of air inlet pipelines 17 are arranged on the D-shaped inner furnace shell 18; the heat-insulating layer 2 is made of heat-insulating materials and is laid between the D-shaped furnace shell and the heating wire 3, and the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 2 is between 100 mm and 250 mm; the D-shaped heating chamber 7 comprises a heating wire 3 fixed on the heat-insulating layer 2, a D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen 15 and a protective gas circulating diversion system 4; the heating wires 3 are uniformly arranged in the D-shaped furnace body, and the heating wires 3 mainly serve to heat the D-shaped annular cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen 15; the D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen 15 is positioned in the heating wire 3, is made of steel, has the thickness of 2-10mm, and has the functions of uniformly radiating the heat of the heating wire into the heating cavity, effectively ensuring the cleanliness of the superconducting coil 6 and reserving an inlet and an outlet of a gas pipeline on the D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen 15; the gas pipeline is protectedA shielding gas inlet pipe 17 and a shielding gas outlet pipe 14, wherein the shielding gas flows and is replaced in the furnace through the gas pipes.
The protective gas circulation flow guide system 4 consists of an axial flow fan 9, an arc-shaped flow guide plate 5 and louver blades 16, the superconducting coil 6 is positioned in the protective gas circulation flow guide system 4, and the protective gas circulation flow guide system 4 can effectively enable protective gas to flow on the surface of the superconducting coil, so that the temperature uniformity in the furnace is improved;
the D-shaped outer furnace shell 1 and the D-shaped inner furnace shell 18 are D-shaped stainless steel tank bodies, the thickness of each tank body is 10-50mm, the length of the D-shaped inner furnace shell 18 is larger than 10m, smaller than 20m and wider than 7m and smaller than 13m, the length of the D-shaped outer furnace shell 1 is larger than 24m, smaller than 30m, wider than 17m and smaller than 25m, and the D-shaped outer furnace shell and a gas pipeline are sealed in a welding mode.
The total power of the D-shaped heating chamber 7 is at least 6000KW, each heating module is provided with a standby heating wire 3, each group of heating wires 3 is independently controlled, and the laying of the standby heating wires 3 can improve the reliability of the system.
The D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen 15 is designed according to the size of the superconducting coil and can bear the micro-positive pressure of 50kPa, and the D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen is installed in a welding mode to ensure the air tightness of the cavity.
Referring to fig. 2, the axial flow fan 9 in the protective gas circulation diversion system 4 includes a variable frequency motor 12, a motor fixing bracket 13, a rotating shaft water jacket 11 and an impeller 10. The motor fixing support 13 is arranged on the D-shaped outer furnace shell 1 and the D-shaped inner furnace shell 18, the rotating shaft water cooling jacket 11 is used for cooling a bearing of the fan, the axial flow fan 9 can change the flowing direction of the protective gas by changing the rotating direction of the impeller 10, and the flowing speed of the protective gas can be changed by adjusting the rotating frequency of the axial flow fan 9.
Referring to fig. 3, the arc-shaped guide plate 5 in the shielding gas circulation flow guiding system 4 is a stainless steel arc plate with an adjustable installation angle, and the function is to change the flow direction of the shielding gas and reduce the vortex caused by the rotation of the fan impeller 10.
The louver 16 in the protective gas circulation and diversion system 4 is a protective gas wind current partial pressure device, and the gas flow resistance can be changed by changing the installation angle of the louver 16, so that the protective gas uniformly flows into the surface of the superconducting coil 6.
The invention has the advantages that: the heat treatment equipment is special heat treatment equipment designed for large D-shaped superconducting coils, and can be used for heat treatment of other D-shaped workpieces. The design of the protective gas circulation flow guide system can improve the uniformity of the heat treatment temperature of the superconducting coil to +/-3 ℃ on one hand, and ensure the cleanliness of the superconducting coil on the other hand. The heat treatment mode of protective gas circulation diversion is adopted, so that the construction cost of the equipment can be reduced while the heat treatment temperature uniformity of the superconducting coil is improved. The heat treatment equipment adopts the idea of redundant design, and the safety and the reliability of the heat treatment of the superconducting coil are improved.
Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, but various changes may be apparent to those skilled in the art, and it is intended that all inventive concepts utilizing the inventive concepts set forth herein be protected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and limited by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. Large D-shaped Nb3Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment, characterized by comprising:
the device comprises a D-shaped furnace shell, a heat insulation layer, a D-shaped heating chamber, a D-shaped annular cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen, a protective gas circulating and guiding system and a gas pipeline;
the D-shaped furnace shell comprises a D-shaped outer furnace shell and a D-shaped inner furnace shell, a plurality of groups of axial flow fans and thermocouple reserved ports are installed on the D-shaped furnace shell, a plurality of groups of air outlet pipelines are arranged on the D-shaped outer furnace shell, and a plurality of groups of air inlet pipelines are arranged on the D-shaped inner furnace shell;
the heat-insulating layer is made of heat-insulating materials and is laid between the D-shaped furnace shell and the heating wire, and the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is between 100 and 250 mm;
the D-shaped heating chamber comprises heating wires fixed on the heat-insulating layer, a D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen and a protective gas circulating diversion system; the heating wires are uniformly arranged in the D-shaped furnace body; the D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen is positioned in the D-shaped heating chamber and is made of steel, and an inlet and an outlet of a gas pipeline are reserved on the D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen; the gas pipeline comprises a protective gas inlet pipeline and a protective gas outlet pipeline, and protective gas flows and is replaced in the furnace through the gas pipeline.
2. A large D-shaped Nb according to claim 13Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment is characterized in that:
the protective gas circulation flow guide system comprises an axial flow fan, an arc-shaped flow guide plate and louver blades, the superconducting coil is located in the protective gas circulation flow guide system, and the protective gas circulation flow guide system is used for enabling protective gas to flow on the surface of the superconducting coil and improving the temperature uniformity in the furnace.
3. A large D-shaped Nb according to claim 13Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment is characterized in that:
the D-shaped furnace shell is a D-shaped stainless steel tank body, the thickness of the tank body is 10-50mm, the length of the D-shaped inner furnace shell is larger than 10m, smaller than 20m, the width of the D-shaped inner furnace shell is larger than 7m and smaller than 13m, the length of the D-shaped outer furnace shell is larger than 24m, smaller than 30m, the width of the D-shaped outer furnace shell is larger than 17m and smaller than 25m, and the D-shaped furnace shell and a gas pipeline are sealed in a welding mode.
4. A large D-shaped Nb according to claim 13Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment is characterized in that:
the total power requirement of the D-shaped heating chamber is more than 6000KW, each heating module is provided with a standby heating wire, and each group of heating wires are independently controlled.
5. A large D-shaped Nb according to claim 13Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment is characterized in that:
the D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen is designed according to the size of the superconducting coil and can bear the micro-positive pressure of 50kPa, and the D-shaped ring cavity temperature-equalizing radiation screen is installed in a welding mode to ensure the air tightness of a cavity.
6. A large D-shaped Nb according to claim 13Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment is characterized in that:
the axial flow fan in the protective gas circulation diversion system comprises a variable frequency motor, a motor fixing support, a rotating shaft water cooling jacket and an impeller; the motor fixing support is installed on the D-shaped furnace shell, the bearing of the fan is cooled by the rotating shaft water cooling sleeve, the flow direction of the protective gas is changed by changing the rotation direction of the impeller of the axial flow fan, and the flow speed of the protective gas is changed by adjusting the rotation frequency of the axial flow fan.
7. A large D-shaped Nb according to claim 13Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment is characterized in that:
the arc guide plate in the protective gas circulation flow guide system is a stainless steel arc plate capable of adjusting the installation angle, and has the functions of changing the flow direction of the protective gas and reducing the vortex caused by the rotation of the fan impeller.
8. A large D-shaped Nb according to claim 13Sn superconducting coil heat treatment equipment is characterized in that:
the louver blade in the protective gas circulating and guiding system is a protective gas wind current partial pressure device, and the protective gas uniformly flows into the surface of the superconducting coil by changing the installation angle of the louver blade to change the gas flow resistance.
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CN115527766A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2022-12-27 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Coil winding sleeving equipment |
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CN110953889A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-03 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Large Bi-2212 superconducting coil heat treatment furnace system and pressure control method thereof |
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CN115527766A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2022-12-27 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Coil winding sleeving equipment |
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