CN111517603B - Biological reduction treatment technology for expanded sludge - Google Patents

Biological reduction treatment technology for expanded sludge Download PDF

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CN111517603B
CN111517603B CN202010373392.1A CN202010373392A CN111517603B CN 111517603 B CN111517603 B CN 111517603B CN 202010373392 A CN202010373392 A CN 202010373392A CN 111517603 B CN111517603 B CN 111517603B
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sludge
microorganisms
expanded
treatment
microbial flora
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CN111517603A (en
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王晓梅
梁开新
李大平
丁士淮
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Chengdu Xinxiongxin Purification Engineering Co ltd
Chengdu Institute of Biology of CAS
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Chengdu Xinxiongxin Purification Engineering Co ltd
Chengdu Institute of Biology of CAS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C02F11/148—Combined use of inorganic and organic substances, being added in the same treatment step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of environmental pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a biological reduction treatment technology for expanded sludge. The specific technical scheme is as follows: a complex microbial flora comprising at least in combination: autotrophic microorganisms are leptospira, mixotrophic microorganisms are sulfobacillus and heterotrophic acidophilic microorganisms. Mixing the complex microbial flora with FeSO4Inoculating the sludge and the expanded sludge to be treated together, and carrying out aeration treatment until the pH value of the sludge liquid is 2-3, thus finishing the treatment. According to the invention, a specific culture medium is not required to be prepared for each microorganism independently, so that the culture cost is low; acid is not needed to be added before the reaction to adjust the pH value; no additional sulfur powder is needed. The microorganisms in the composite microbial flora provided by the invention can cooperatively grow, and the composite microbial flora has strong adaptability to sludge and fast growth; the operation is simple and convenient, and the dewatering and decrement effects on the expanded sludge are obvious.

Description

Biological reduction treatment technology for expanded sludge
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a biological reduction treatment technology for expanded sludge.
Background
With the large application of the activated sludge method in sewage treatment, the yield of the byproduct excess sludge is also increased sharply; if the treatment and the disposal of the excess sludge are improper, secondary pollution to the environment is easily caused. The residual sludge is a zoogloea floc formed by various microorganisms and metabolites thereof, residual organic and inorganic pollutants and the like, has a relatively stable zoogloea network structure, and is good in hydrophilicity and dispersibility. Because industrial sewage contains a lot of toxic and harmful substances and is unbalanced in nutrition, excess sludge generated after sewage treatment by an activated sludge method is often expressed as expanded sludge (which is common in sewage treatment in chemical industry, medicine industry and the like). The zoogloea flocs in the sludge are large and loose, the Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS) is more, a large amount of interstitial water, absorbed water and combined water are wrapped in the flocs, and the expanded sludge has poor settling property, strong hydrophilicity and similar properties to colloids. The 24-hour sedimentation ratio of 100mL of sludge is between 95% and 99%, the water content of the sludge after filter pressing and dehydration is still as high as about 93%, and the sludge discharge capacity is large. When toxic and harmful industrial sewage is treated, the generated expanded residual sludge is often required to be deeply treated as hazardous waste sludge. Therefore, compared with municipal sludge, the expanded sludge has higher treatment difficulty, environmental protection pressure and economic cost.
The special floc structure of the sludge and the high water content of the sludge brought by the special floc structure are the bottleneck of the treatment of the expansion type sludge. In recent years, bioleaching technologies for treating municipal sludge by using iron-oxidizing and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria have attracted attention, but reports on the treatment of expanded sludge by using the technologies have been rarely seen. In the prior researches, a composite microbial inoculum is formed by inoculating two autotrophic bacteria of thiobacillus ferrooxidans and thiobacillus thiooxidans (such as ZL02112924.X and ZL02137921.1) into municipal sludge, adding some acid-resistant heterotrophic microorganisms (such as yeast and mold) into a part of patents (such as CN103936246A) in combination, and adding FeSO4·7H2O, sulfur powder and a specific nutrient improve the dehydration performance of the sludge through the action of microorganisms, thereby realizing the discharge decrement of the sludge.
In the prior art, most of treatment objects are excess sludge of municipal sewage plants, and acid is independently added to adjust the pH value of the sludge to be about 2 during sludge treatment so as to help microorganisms to remove Fe2+Oxidation to Fe3+(ii) a The microorganisms are mainly autotrophic thiobacillus ferrooxidans and thiobacillus thiooxidans, the microorganisms grow slowly and have low biomass, and the growth of the microorganisms is easily inhibited by organic matters in a culture system. Meanwhile, the existing microorganism treatment method has higher requirements on nutrient agents, different culture media are required to be used for culturing different microorganisms, the culture operation is complicated, and the cost is higher. More importantly, in the existing sludge biological dehydration reduction technology, after the compound microbial inoculum is inoculated, ferrous sulfate, sulfur powder and a nutrient are required to be added. As the sulfur powder belongs to an easily explosive commodity, the purchase and the use are both limited, and the microbial utilization rate of the sulfur powder is low, the sulfur powder can cause further acidification of soil after entering the soil along with sludge, and the sulfur powder has the advantages of good effect on human body and environmentThere is a certain potential safety hazard. Therefore, the method has important practical significance for providing the microbial treatment method which has excellent treatment effect on the expanded sludge, is simple to operate and does not need to add sulfur powder.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for dewatering and reducing expanded sludge by using microorganisms aiming at the problems of high water content, poor settleability and difficult dewatering of the expanded sludge so as to realize environment-friendly treatment of the expanded sludge.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a complex microbial flora for the treatment of expanded excess sludge, said complex microbial flora comprising at least simultaneously: autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganisms, mixotrophic microorganisms and heterotrophic acidophilic microorganisms.
Preferably, the autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganism is a microorganism of the genus leptospira.
Preferably, the mixotrophic acidophilic microorganism is a microorganism of the genus thiobacillus.
Preferably, the heterotrophic acidophilic microorganism is a heterotrophic acidophilic bacterium.
Preferably, the complex microbial flora at least simultaneously comprises: autotrophic leptospira, mixotrophic sulfurobacterium, acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria (such as Acidiphilium sp., Acidibacter sp., Metallum sp., etc.).
Correspondingly, the compound microorganism flora is applied to the treatment of the expanded sludge.
Preferably, the complex microbial flora and FeSO4Can be used in combination.
Preferably, the composite microbial flora is optimized by using the expanded sludge to be treated, and then the expanded sludge is treated by using the composite microbial flora.
Preferably, the optimization method comprises the following steps: adding a composite microorganism seed solution accounting for 10% of the volume of the culture solution and a sludge solution to be treated accounting for 5% of the volume of the culture solution into the culture medium, and performing shake culture at a constant temperature of 30 ℃ until the pH value is 2-3 to complete optimization; the components of the culture medium are as follows: NH (NH)4Cl 2.5g，KCl 0.1g，MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g，K2HPO4 0.5g，FeSO4·7H230g of O, 0.1-0.5 g of yeast powder and 1000mL of water.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: adding composite microorganism seed liquid with the volume of 1-5% of sludge liquid into the expanded residual sludge, and adding 8-20 g/L of FeSO4·7H2O, uniformly stirring to obtain a bacterial sludge mixed solution; and carrying out aeration culture until the pH value is reduced to 2-3.
Preferably, 50 to 70 volume percent of sludge liquid after aeration treatment is discharged; then adding 50-70% volume of the expanded sludge to be treated again, wherein the volume of the added expanded sludge is equal to that of the discharged sludge; and additionally adding FeSO4·7H2And O, continuing aeration treatment until the pH value is reduced to 2-3.
Preferably, the FeSO is supplemented based on the volume of the newly added expanded sludge4·7H2The adding amount of O is 8-20 g/L.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a compound microbial flora simultaneously comprising autotrophic and mixotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganisms and mixotrophic and heterotrophic acidophilic microorganisms, which is added into expanded sludge to generate the effects of substitution, acidification, flocculation, oxidation, degradation and the like under specific culture conditions, so that the physicochemical property of expanded sludge protoflocs is changed, the original floc structure of the sludge is destroyed, the moisture in the protosludge flocs is released, the sludge flocculation capability is enhanced, the sludge dehydration performance is improved, and the dehydration reduction of the expanded sludge is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention does not use the thiobacillus ferrooxidans and thiobacillus thiooxidans; in the process of treating sludge by the composite flora, a specific culture medium is not required to be prepared for each microorganism independently, so that the culture cost is low; acid is not needed to be added to adjust the pH value of the sludge, and sulfur powder and complex nutrients are not needed to be additionally added.
The microorganisms in the compound microbial flora provided by the invention are mutually cooperated and coexist with each other through feedback reaction; the adaptability of the composite flora to the sludge is strong, and the growth is fast; the operation is simple and convenient, and the dewatering and decrement effects on the expanded sludge are obvious. Compared with the autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganism thiobacillus ferrooxidans adopted in the prior art, the method has the advantages thatThe autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganism provided by the invention is leptospirillum, and is used for treating Fe2+Has strong affinity, acid resistance and high concentration Fe resistance3+Has strong capability. The mixotrophic thiobacillus microorganism provided by the invention can be more suitable for sludge environment, and the Fe content of the mixotrophic thiobacillus microorganism and autotrophic leptospira microorganism are improved2+Biological oxidation ability of (1). The heterotrophic acidophilic microorganisms provided by the invention can utilize and consume a large amount of organic matters in the expanded sludge; on one hand, the structure of sludge flocs is changed, on the other hand, the inhibition effect of organic matters on the growth of autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganisms is reduced, and simultaneously, the growth of facultative microorganisms can be promoted.
The technical principle of the invention for realizing the deep dehydration of the expanded sludge is as follows: (1) microbial substitution. And small individual acidophilic and acidogenic microorganisms are added to replace heterotrophic microorganisms in the original sludge zoogloea, so that the structure of the sludge zoogloea is changed, and water wrapped and adsorbed in the sludge floc is released. (2) The microorganisms cooperate to produce acid. Autotrophic bacteria Leptospirillum sp2+Has strong affinity, acid resistance and high concentration Fe resistance3+Has strong capability, and the existence of organic matters can improve the facultative bacillus sp2+The oxidizing power of (a); meanwhile, autotrophic iron-oxidizing bacteria Leptospirillum sp and facultative bacteria Sulfobacillus sp grow synergistically, and biological oxidation of Fe is improved2+Is Fe3+The ability of the cell to perform. Fe3+H production during hydrolysis+The pH of the expanded sludge liquid is lowered. The acidic environment promotes the heterotrophic acidophilic bacteria to proliferate in the sludge, thereby removing the toxic inhibition effect of organic matters on the autotrophic bacteria and promoting the growth of the autotrophic and mixotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganisms. In one aspect, H produced by the complex bacterial flora+And heterotrophic microorganisms, which destroy the floc structure of the expanded sludge; on the other hand, H+Can neutralize the negative charges on the surface of the sludge particles, and is beneficial to coagulation and dehydration of the sludge. (3) Flocculation. Biological oxidation of Fe2+Produced Fe3+And the hydrolysate has flocculation effect, can promote coagulation of sludge flocs, and improves sludge dewatering capacity. (4) And (4) oxidation. Microbial oxidation of Fe2+In the process, Fe is produced3+Has the advantages of strong oxidizing ability, strong oxidation ability,has oxidation effect on organic matters such as Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS) in the original sludge floc, is beneficial to improving the utilization benefit of heterotrophic microorganisms on the sludge organic matters and changing the structure of the expanded sludge floc. (5) And (4) degrading organic matters. Heterotrophic acidophilic microorganisms can catabolize organic matters in sludge flocs, destroy the original floc structure of the expanded sludge, and remove the inhibition effect of the organic matters on autotrophic iron-oxidizing bacteria.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of the sedimentation of expanded sludge produced by a petrochemical PTA enterprise before and after treatment;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a comparison of sedimentation before and after treatment of expanded sludge produced by a biopharmaceutical enterprise;
FIG. 3 is a schematic of the microstructure of the expanded sludge prior to treatment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the microstructure of the treated expanded sludge.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a compound microbial flora which can be used for specifically treating expanded sludge. The compound microbial flora is obtained by screening and optimizing through a specific method, and is specifically obtained through the following method.
Basal medium (g/L): (NH)4)2SO4 2.0g，KCl 0.10g，MgSO4.7H2O 0.25g，K2HPO4 0.5g，Ca(NO3)2.4H20.01g of O and 1L of distilled water.
Solid medium (g/L): 15-30 g of agar powder is added into a corresponding culture medium.
1. Enrichment screening of autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganisms (microorganisms of the genus autotrophic leptospira).
(1) Preparing an autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganism enrichment screening culture medium: adding 20-40 g/L FeSO into a basic culture medium4.7H2And O, adjusting the pH value to 2.0-3.0.
(2) Respectively inoculating 10mL of sewage sample, 1g of sludge sample and 10mL of acid hot spring water sample from a pit in Panzhihua city in Sichuan to 90mL of the autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganism enrichment screening culture medium, and carrying out enrichment culture on the mixture for 7-10 days by using a constant-temperature shaking table at 20-30 ℃ and 160 rpm. After the culture medium turned red, a first generation culture was obtained. Microscopic examination, selecting the observed culture samples with spiral and arc microorganisms. And then transferring a culture sample with spiral and arc microorganisms selected from the first generation culture into a new autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganism enrichment screening culture medium according to the volume ratio of 10%, culturing for 5-7 days at 20-30 ℃ and 160rpm, and obtaining a second generation culture when a culture solution turns red. And (4) microscopic examination, continuously selecting a culture sample containing spiral and arc microorganisms in the second-generation culture, transferring the culture sample to a new autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganism enrichment screening culture medium, and continuously culturing under the same conditions. Repeating the transferring and screening processes for 3-5 times, and finally mixing culture samples meeting the conditions to obtain the mixed bacteria liquid rich in leptospira.
Adding the mixed bacterium liquid rich in leptospirillum leptospira into a new autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganism enrichment screening culture medium according to the volume ratio of 5-10%, and performing constant-temperature shaking culture at 20-30 ℃ and 160rpm for 5-7 days. After the culture medium turns red, FeSO is supplemented4.7H2O20-40.0 g/L, and shake culturing at 20-30 ℃ for 3-5 days. When the culture solution turns red again, FeSO is replenished again4.7H2O20-40.0 g/L. The processes of ferrous sulfate supplementation and continuous culture are repeated for 5-8 times, and finally, the culture is repeated until the bacterial liquid is reddish brown and the concentration of viable bacteria reaches 1 multiplied by 107～1×109And when the concentration is CFU/mL, completing screening to obtain the required autotrophic leptospira microbial seed liquid.
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the use of pit sludge from Panzhihua city, Sichuan province and Yunnan Tengchong acid hot spring water as sample sources for screening the microorganisms. As long as the sample is from acid sewage and sludge in a mine or sewage and sludge samples in a biological leaching facility of tailings, the method can be used for screening and enriching the needed autotrophic leptospira microorganisms.
2. Enrichment and screening of mixotrophic acidophilic microorganisms.
(1) Preparing a mixotrophic acidophilic microorganism enrichment screening culture medium: adding 10-30 g/L FeSO into a basal culture medium4.7H2O and 0.1-0% of yeast extract.5g/L, and adjusting the pH value to 2.0-3.0.
(2) The strain is derived from sewage sludge of mine pits in Panzhihua city, Yunnan Tengchong acid hot spring water, activated sludge liquid of sewage treatment plants in Sanwa kiln in Chengdu city, and sludge liquid of MBR (membrane bioreactor) pools in the sewage station of pharmaceutical enterprises in Chengdu city, Sichuan city.
Respectively inoculating the sewage sludge, the thermal spring water and the sludge liquid sample in a mixotrophic acidophilic microorganism enrichment screening culture medium according to the volume ratio of 10%, and culturing for 7-10 days in a constant temperature shaking table at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ and the rpm of 160. Selecting a treated sample of which the culture solution turns red to obtain a first generation culture. Transferring the first generation culture to a new mixotrophic acidophilic microorganism enrichment screening culture medium according to the volume ratio of 10%, performing constant temperature shaking table culture at 30-50 ℃ and 160rpm, and continuously transferring and culturing the reddened culture when the culture solution turns red. Culturing under the same conditions for 3-5 times by the above method. And mixing the cultures of which the culture solution turns red to obtain the mixotrophic acidophilic microorganism compound bacterial liquid.
Pressing the mixotrophic acidophilic microorganism composite bacterial liquid according to the weight ratio of 10-1，10-2，10-3，10-4，10-5，10-6，10-7，10-8And (3) performing gradient dilution, coating the solid culture medium of the mixotrophic acidophilic microorganism enrichment screening culture medium, and culturing for 7-10 days in a constant-temperature incubator at 30-50 ℃. Selecting yellow bacterial colonies on each solid culture medium, inoculating the yellow bacterial colonies into a new mixotrophic acidophilic microorganism enrichment screening culture medium (liquid), and performing constant-temperature shaking table culture at 30-50 ℃ and 160rpm for 7-10 days. Culturing until the culture solution turns red, performing microscopic examination, and selecting a culture sample with rod-shaped microorganisms. And mixing culture samples of which the culture medium turns red and the microorganisms are rod-shaped to obtain mixed bacteria liquid. And adding the mixed bacterial liquid into a new mixotrophic acidophilic microorganism enrichment screening culture medium according to the volume ratio of 10%, and performing shake culture at the constant temperature of 30-50 ℃ and 160rpm for 5-7 days. When the culture solution turns red, FeSO is supplemented4.7H210-20.0 g/L of O and 0.1-0.5 g/L of yeast extract. Continuously culturing for 2-3 days, and continuously supplementing FeSO4.7H210-20.0 g/L of O and 0.1-0.5 g/L of yeast extract. Repeating the processes of supplementing ferrous sulfate and continuing the culture for 3-5 times until the bacterial liquid is reddish brownThe color and the concentration of the live bacteria reach 1 x 107～1×109And (5) obtaining the required mixotrophic acidophilic microorganism seed liquid at CFU/mL. The facultative acidophilic microorganism is acidophilic and mesophilic microorganism, and is preferably a facultative sulfurobacterium microorganism.
The present invention is not limited to the case where the present invention is applied to screening of the present microorganism using, as a sample source, sewage sludge from a mine pit in Panzhihua city, Sichuan, or Yunnan Tengchong acid hot spring water. As long as acid sewage, sludge, various acid hot spring water and the like from sewage treatment plants, mines or tailing piles can be used as sample sources, the method can be used for screening and enriching the needed mixotrophic acidophilic microorganisms.
3. And (4) enriching and screening heterotrophic acidophilic microbial floras.
(1) Preparing a heterotrophic acidophilic microorganism screening culture medium: FeSO is added into a basic culture medium4.7H21.0-5.0 g/L of O, 0.5-1.0 g/L of yeast extract, and adjusting the pH value to 2.0-3.0.
(2) The method comprises the steps of simultaneously inoculating pit sludge sewage, Yunnan tengchong acid hot spring water, municipal sewage plant activated sludge and expanded sludge liquid of a sewage treatment station of a certain medical enterprise in a 1L heterotrophic acidophilic microorganism screening culture medium according to the volume ratio of 5%, wherein the pit sludge sewage is from Panzhihua city in Sichuan province, aerating and enriching for 5-7 days in a constant-temperature culture box at the temperature of 20-30 ℃. Standing for 1-3 h after obvious bacterial flocs appear in the heterotrophic acidophilic microorganism screening culture medium, pouring out 900mL of supernatant, supplementing 900mL of heterotrophic acidophilic microorganism screening culture medium (equal to the poured supernatant), and performing aeration enrichment culture at 20-30 ℃ for 2-3 days. And standing for 1-3 h, pouring out supernatant, continuously supplementing the heterotrophic acidophilic microorganism screening culture medium, wherein the supplemented amount is equal to the amount of the poured clear liquid, and continuously carrying out aeration enrichment culture. Repeating the enrichment culture for 5-10 times, and allowing the culture solution to have increased bacterial floc and rapid sedimentation with viable bacteria concentration of 1 × 107～1×109And (5) obtaining the required heterotrophic acidophilic microbial flora seed liquid at CFU/mL.
The present invention does not limit the necessity of screening these microorganisms by using, as a sample source, sewage sludge from a pit in Panzhihua city, Sichuan, Yunnan Tengchong acid hot spring water, or the like. Any substance containing abundant acidophilic microorganisms can be used and can be screened to obtain the required heterotrophic acidophilic microbial flora.
4. And (4) universal optimization of the compound microbial flora.
(1) Preparing a complex microbial flora culture medium: NH (NH)4Cl 2.5g，KCl 0.1g，MgSO4·7H2O0.5g，K2HPO40.5g，FeSO4·7H220-40 g of O, 0.1-0.5 g of yeast powder and 1000mL of water.
(2) Respectively screening the autotrophic leptospira microbial seed liquid, the mixotrophic acidophilic microbial seed liquid and the heterotrophic acidophilic microbial flora seed liquid obtained in the steps 1, 2 and 3 according to the ratio of 2: 1: 1 volume ratio, inoculating the mixture into a complex microbial flora culture medium according to the volume ratio of 10 percent, and performing shake culture at the constant temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 5-7 days. When the culture solution turns red and the pH value is 2-3, supplementing FeSO4.7H2O20-40.0 g/L, and shake culturing at 20-30 ℃ for 2-3 days. Culturing again until the culture solution turns red, and continuously supplementing FeSO4.7H2Culturing with 20-40.0 g/L of O. Repeating the processes of supplementing ferrous sulfate and continuing the culture for 8-10 times until the culture solution is reddish brown, the pH value is 2-3, and the concentration of the live bacteria reaches 1 multiplied by 107～1×109And (5) completing optimization when CFU/mL is reached, and obtaining the compound microbial flora seed solution.
(3) The complex microbial flora at least comprises the following components at the same time: autotrophic leptospirillum ferrooxidans microorganisms (leptosprilum), facultative sulfurobacterium sp microorganisms and heterotrophic acidophilic microorganisms. The preferable scheme is as follows: the complex microorganism strain at least comprises the following components at the same time: autotrophic leptospira microorganisms (leptospillum sp), autotrophic Thiobacillus microorganisms (Sulfobacillus sp), heterotrophic acidophilus (e.g., Acidiphilium sp, Acidibacter sp, Metallum sp, etc.). The preferable scheme is as follows: in the composition of the compound microbial flora, according to the concentration of viable bacteria, the ratio of autotrophic leptospira ferruginea microorganisms to the concentration of 30-70%, the ratio of facultative sulfurobacter microorganisms to the concentration of 10-30% and the ratio of heterotrophic acidophilic microorganisms to the concentration of 3-20%.
5. And (3) targeted optimization of the complex microbial flora.
In order to improve the treatment capacity of the expanded sludge, the preferable scheme is as follows: and optimizing the compound microbial flora into a flora which is pertinently adaptive to the expanded sludge to be treated, and then treating the expanded sludge. The specific optimization method comprises the following steps: adding composite microorganism seed liquid accounting for 10% of the volume of the composite microorganism flora culture medium and sludge to be treated accounting for 5% of the volume of the composite microorganism flora culture medium into the composite microorganism flora culture medium, performing constant-temperature shaking culture at 20-30 ℃ for 48-72 hours, and stopping culture until the pH value is 2-3, thus completing optimization. The culture obtained after the culture is the required compound microorganism seed liquid after the targeted optimization.
The invention further provides an engineering method for biologically treating the expanded sludge based on the compound microbial flora. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. adding composite microorganism seed liquid with the volume of 1-5% of sludge liquid or optimized composite microorganism seed liquid into untreated expanded residual sludge (with the water content of 95-99%), and adding 8-20 g/L FeSO4·7H2And O. Stirring uniformly to obtain a bacterial sludge mixed solution, carrying out aeration culture at the temperature of more than or equal to 15 ℃ for 2-5 days, and carrying out culture until the pH value of the sludge solution is reduced to 2-3. According to the treatment condition of the engineering site, the distance is 5-40 m3Adding the expansion type excess sludge to be treated step by step into sludge liquid/batch, and adding FeSO according to 8-20 g/L of the amount of the added sludge4·7H2And O, continuing culturing under the same condition until the pH value is reduced to 2-3. Until the culture is gradually expanded to the required engineering treatment capacity.
2. Discharging 50-70% of treated sludge liquid. Then 50-70% volume of the expanded sludge to be treated is added again. The added expanded sludge and the discharged sludge liquid have the same volume. And additionally adding FeSO4·7H2O, based on the volume of freshly added expanded sludge, FeSO4·7H2The adding amount of O is 8-20 g/L. And continuing aeration treatment for 24-72 h until the pH value of the sludge liquid is reduced to 2-3.
3. Repeating the step 2, and continuously treating the treated sludgeDischarge of liquid, expanded sludge and FeSO4·7H2And adding O to form a cycle. And standing the sludge liquid discharged after each treatment in a sludge concentration tank for 24 hours, then carrying out sludge-water separation, and carrying out subsequent operations such as filter pressing treatment on the lower-layer concentrated sludge.
The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows: effect display for treating expanded sludge produced by certain petrochemical PTA enterprise
The excess sludge produced after sewage treatment by a certain PTA-producing enterprise is expansion type dangerous waste sludge, and the settlement ratio of the sludge in a 100mL measuring cylinder after standing for 24 hours is used as a test index. In the untreated state, the sludge settling ratio was 99%. After 24 hours of standing and sedimentation, the expanded sludge is subjected to concentration, flocculation and filter pressing treatment by a belt filter press, and the water content of the obtained mud cake is still up to 92 percent.
The composite microorganism seed liquid optimized by the expanded sludge to be treated is prepared according to the method. 5m produced by the PTA production enterprise3Adding the expanded residual sludge (with the water content of 99 percent) into a reaction tank, adding 150L of optimized composite microorganism seed liquid (the volume of the optimized composite microorganism seed liquid is 3 percent of the volume of the expanded sludge), and adding 15g/L of FeSO4·7H2And O, after fully mixing, starting an aeration system, culturing for 2-3 days until the pH value is reduced to 2-3, and adding 5m of expanded sludge to be treated3Adding 10g/L of FeSO4·7H2And O, performing aeration treatment. Discharge 5m of each batch3Adding 5m of expanded sludge to be treated into the treated sludge3Adding 10g/L of FeSO according to the volume of the added sludge4·7H2And O. And (4) allowing the discharged treated sludge liquid to enter a sludge-water separation tank, standing for 24 hours, and performing filter pressing dehydration on the lower-layer concentrated sludge to prepare a sludge cake. After biological treatment of each batch of expanded sludge, the pH value of sludge liquid in the reaction tank is reduced to 2-3 from 6.5-8.0; after standing for 30min, settling ratio of 100mL of treated sludge liquid is reduced to 20-40% from 99% before treatment; the water content of the dewatered mud cake is reduced to 70-80% from 92% before the technology is implemented, and the water content of the dewatered mud cake is calculated by 80%And the amount of discharged hazardous waste sludge of the enterprise is reduced by 60 percent.
The settlement of the expanded sludge after respectively standing for 30min before and after the treatment by the method is shown in figure 1. In FIG. 1, the left test tube shows the sedimentation condition of untreated expanded sludge after standing for 30min, and the sedimentation ratio is 99%; the right test tube shows the sedimentation condition of the expanded sludge treated by the method after standing for 30min, and the sedimentation ratio is reduced to 21 percent from the initial 99 percent.
Example two: effect display for treating expanded sludge produced by certain biological pharmaceutical enterprise
Some biological pharmaceutical enterprises mainly use human blood as raw material to produce biological medicament. The settlement ratio of the sludge liquid after standing in a 100mL measuring cylinder for 24 hours is taken as a test index. Under the untreated condition, the settlement ratio of the expanded sludge generated after the sewage treatment of the enterprise is 98-99%. And (3) dehydrating the expanded sludge subjected to standing and settling for 24 hours by using a belt filter press to obtain a sludge cake with the water content of 93 percent, wherein the sludge cake needs to be treated as hazardous waste.
And preparing the expanded sludge optimized composite microorganism seed liquid according to the method. 25m generated by MBR tank of the biological pharmaceutical enterprise3The expanded residual sludge (the water content is 98%) is put into a sludge biological treatment tank, and 350L of optimized composite microorganism seed liquid (the volume of the optimized composite microorganism seed liquid is 1.4% of the volume of the expanded sludge) is added. 375kg of FeSO were added4·7H2And O, fully mixing, starting an aeration system, culturing for 2-3 days until the pH value of sludge liquid is reduced to 2-3, and supplementing and adding sludge to be treated for 25m3And 375kg of FeSO is added additionally4·7H2And O, continuing aeration culture for 2-3 days until the pH value of the sludge liquid is reduced to 2-3, and adding 30m of expanded sludge to be treated3The sludge amount required to be treated by the on-site engineering is 80m3Supplementing 450kg of FeSO4·7H2And (4) carrying out aeration treatment on the O. And starting the expanded sludge field treatment project when the pH value of the sludge liquid in the tank is 2.5.
The expanded sludge field treatment project adopts a batch operation mode, and 2-3 batches of expanded sludge are treated every week. Each batch ofThe sludge liquid discharged after the second time is treated by 40m3Adding 40m of expanded sludge to be treated3And adding 400kg of FeSO4·7H2And O, then aerating until the pH value of the sludge liquid is reduced to 2-3, and then starting a new batch of sludge treatment. And discharging the treated sludge liquid into a sludge concentration tank, standing for 24 hours, and performing belt type filter pressing dehydration on the lower-layer concentrated sludge to prepare a sludge cake.
The expanded sludge biological treatment project of the embodiment treats the excess sludge generated by the sewage treatment MBR tank. The excess sludge entering the sludge biological treatment tank is expanded sludge, and the sedimentation ratio of 100mL of sludge liquid for 24h is 98-99%; the temperature change in the pool is large (15-24 ℃) during the field operation. But the on-site effect of the expanded sludge after biological treatment is stable, and the pH value of the sludge liquid can be reduced to 2-2.8 from the initial 7.5-8.0 after each batch of sludge is treated for 2-3 days. After biological treatment, the water of the expanded sludge is obviously released, the settling ratio of 100mL of treated sludge is reduced to 40-50% from 98-99% before treatment after standing for 24h, and the water content of the dewatered sludge cake is reduced to 70-80% from 93% before the implementation of the technology. By taking the water content of the dewatered sludge cake as 80%, the discharge amount of the expanded sludge is reduced by 65% after the treatment by the method provided by the invention.
The settlement conditions of the expanded sludge after respectively standing for 24 hours before and after the expanded sludge is treated by the method are shown in figure 2. In fig. 2, the left test tube shows the sedimentation condition of untreated expanded sludge after standing for 24 hours, and the sedimentation ratio is 98-99%; the right test tube shows the sedimentation condition of the expanded sludge treated by the method of the invention after standing for 24 hours, and the sedimentation ratio is 46 percent.
The swollen sludge before and after the treatment was observed under a microscope (200X). The microstructure of untreated expanded sludge is shown in FIG. 3, and the microstructure of expanded sludge treated by the method of the present invention is shown in FIG. 4.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the flocs of the expanded sludge are large and loose when untreated; filamentous bacteria are used as a framework, and a large amount of microbial Extracellular Polymer (EPS) is adhered. Organic pollutants are scattered in the flocs, so that more water is wrapped and adsorbed in the sludge flocs due to more gaps in the flocs, the flocs have strong pressure resistance and difficult mud-water separation, and the water in the flocs is difficult to release by standing or common filter pressing treatment.
As can be seen from FIG. 4, after the treatment by the method of the present invention, as the biological treatment proceeds, originally larger heterotrophic microorganisms in the expanded sludge flora are replaced by smaller acidophilic and acidogenic microorganisms, and the original heterotrophic bacteria and filamentous bacteria die or metabolism stops; the sludge flocs are destructured to form sludge flocs mainly comprising acidophilic and acidogenic autotrophic bacteria, facultative bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria, the new sludge flocs are small and compact, the produced Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS) is obviously reduced, and a large amount of water wrapped and adsorbed in the original sludge flocs is released.
And meanwhile, 16S rDNA analysis is carried out on the flora in the expanded sludge, and the change of the microbial composition in the expanded sludge before and after the treatment is analyzed. The results show that the microbial composition in the expanded sludge is very different before and after biological treatment. After treatment, the dominant microorganisms in the sludge include: autotrophic microorganisms leptospira ferrooxidans (thrown microorganisms), microorganisms of the genus Sulfobacillus (thrown microorganisms), heterotrophic acidophiles (Acidphilum sp., thrown microorganisms, Metallibacter sp., thrown microorganisms, Acidobacterium sp.), are both acidophilic or acidogenic autotrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms, and the majority are the thrown microorganisms. In the untreated expanded sludge, the above-mentioned microorganisms are not present or present in a very small amount, and do not constitute dominant microorganisms. The dominant microbial composition measured in the sludge after biological treatment is similar to the microbial composition in the compound bacterial liquid added in the early stage, which indicates that the added compound bacterial liquid is the root cause for realizing dehydration and reduction of the expanded sludge. In the long-term operation process of the field engineering, the sludge microorganism population in the biological treatment tank has stable structure, strong impact resistance and stable biological decrement effect on the expanded sludge.

Claims (5)

1. The application of the compound microbial flora in the treatment of expanded sludge is characterized in that: the complex microorganismFlora and FeSO4The combination use is carried out; the compound microbial flora consists of autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganisms, mixotrophic acidophilic microorganisms and heterotrophic acidophilic microorganisms; the autotrophic iron-oxidizing microorganisms are microorganisms of leptospirillum genus; the mixotrophic acidophilic microorganism is a microorganism of the genus thiobacillus; the heterotrophic acidophilic microorganisms comprise at least one or more microorganisms selected from the group consisting of Acidophilic bacteria, Acidobacterium bacteria, and Microbacterium metallothionein; in the composition of the compound microbial flora, according to the concentration of viable bacteria, the ratio of autotrophic leptospira ferruginea microorganisms to the concentration of 30-70%, the ratio of mixotrophic thiobacillus microorganisms to the concentration of 10-30% and the ratio of heterotrophic acidophilic microorganisms to the concentration of 3-20%;
the application comprises the following steps: adding composite microorganism seed liquid with the sludge volume ratio of 1-5% into the expanded sludge to be treated, and then adding 8-20 g/L of FeSO4·7H2O, uniformly stirring to obtain a bacterial sludge mixed solution; and (4) carrying out aeration culture until the pH value of the bacterial sludge mixed liquor is reduced to 2-3.
2. The use of the complex microbial flora according to claim 1 for the treatment of expanded sludge, wherein: and optimizing the composite microbial flora by using the expanded sludge to be treated, and then treating the expanded sludge by using the composite microbial flora.
3. The use of the complex microbial flora according to claim 2 for the treatment of expanded sludge, wherein: the optimization method comprises the following steps: adding a composite microorganism seed solution with the sludge volume ratio of 10% and a sludge solution to be treated with the sludge volume ratio of 5% into a culture medium, and performing shake culture at a constant temperature of 30 ℃ until the pH value is 2-3 to complete optimization; the components of the culture medium are as follows: NH (NH)4Cl 2.5g，KCl 0.1g，MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g，K2HPO4 0.5g，FeSO4·7H230g of O, 0.1-0.5 g of yeast powder and 1000mL of water.
4. The use of the complex microbial flora according to claim 1 for the treatment of expanded sludge, wherein: discharging 50-70% of the treated sludge by volume; then adding 50-70% volume of the expanded sludge to be treated again,the added expanded sludge and the discharged sludge have equal volume; and additionally adding FeSO4·7H2And O, continuing aeration treatment until the pH value of the sludge liquid is reduced to 2-3.
5. The use of the complex microbial flora according to claim 4 for the treatment of expanded sludge, wherein: supplementing the added FeSO based on the volume of the newly added expanded sludge4·7H2The adding amount of O is 8-20 g/L.
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