CN111514746B - Multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device and method - Google Patents

Multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111514746B
CN111514746B CN202010337845.5A CN202010337845A CN111514746B CN 111514746 B CN111514746 B CN 111514746B CN 202010337845 A CN202010337845 A CN 202010337845A CN 111514746 B CN111514746 B CN 111514746B
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cover
flow
flue gas
liquid
wall
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CN111514746A (en
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刘祎鸣
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HEBEI HUANKE DEDUSTING EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd.
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Hebei Huanke Dedusting Equipment Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device, which comprises a removing tower, wherein the top of the removing tower is provided with an inlet, the inner wall of the top of the removing tower is provided with a pre-removing and washing mechanism, a flow-resisting cover connected with the inner wall of the removing tower is arranged below the pre-removing and washing mechanism, the flow-resisting cover is internally sleeved with a flow-limiting and removing and washing mechanism, and a discharge pipe is connected below the flow-limiting and removing and washing mechanism. And the existence of ammonia water and ammonia gas can be fully mixed with the waste gas, thereby further improving the removal efficiency.

Description

Multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device and method
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment, in particular to a multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device and method.
Background
The simultaneous desulfurization and denitration technology for flue gas is mostly in research and industrial demonstration stages, but because the technology can simultaneously realize desulfurization and denitration in one set of system, particularly along with the realization of NOXThe control standard is becoming more and more strict, and the desulfurization and denitrification technology is receiving increasing attention from various countries. The simultaneous flue gas desulfurization and denitration technology mainly comprises three types, wherein the first type is a combined technology of flue gas desulfurization and flue gas denitration; the second type is the simultaneous removal of SO by using an adsorbentXAnd NOX(ii) a The third type is to modify the existing Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) system (such as adding a denitrifier in a desulfurization solution) and increase the denitration function, and in the actual use process, the first type and the third type are used more.
At present, when the flue gas is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification, a copper oxide method is adopted in some cases, namely CuO is used as an active component, and CuO/AI is mainly used2O3And CuO/SiO2Mainly, the CuO content is 4-6%, and the SO content in the flue gas is in the temperature range of 300-450 ℃ in the range2CuSO formed by the reaction4Simultaneously, CuO has high catalytic activity for reducing NOX by SCR method and absorbs saturated CuSO4Is sent to regeneration, the regeneration process-generally using CH4Gas pair CuSO4Reduction is carried out to release SO2Can be used for preparing acid and reducing to obtain metallic copper or Cu2S-reusing cigaretteThe gas or air is oxidized, and the generated CuO is reused for the absorption reduction process.
However, when the method is used, if a large amount of fly ash exists in the charged flue gas, once the fly ash contacts the CuO catalyst, the fly ash covers the surface of the catalyst, so that the catalyst is polluted and blocked, and the subsequent catalytic operation efficiency is reduced.
At present, in order to solve the problem, the injected flue gas is mostly subjected to dust removal operation by means of a dust removal bag, but the function is single, the single dust removal efficiency of the dust removal bag is not high, meanwhile, the flue gas is directly injected into an elution device, and then ammonia gas is injected into the device, but the flue gas injection rate is high, and the flue gas is not sufficient when mixed with the ammonia gas, so that the final purification effect is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device and a method, which aim to solve the problems that in the prior art, the single dust removal bag is low in dust removal efficiency, and the final purification effect is affected because the flue gas is directly injected into an elution device and then ammonia gas is injected, but the injection speed of the flue gas is high and the mixing with the ammonia gas is insufficient.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following:
a multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device comprises a removing tower, wherein the top of the removing tower is provided with an inlet, the inner wall of the top of the removing tower is provided with a pre-washing mechanism, a flow-blocking cover connected with the inner wall of the removing tower is arranged below the pre-washing mechanism, a current-limiting washing mechanism is sleeved in the flow-blocking cover, and a delivery pipe is connected below the current-limiting washing mechanism;
the mechanism is washed in advance to take off includes and gathers a class cover with installation of desorption tower top inner wall and transversal personally submitting V type structure gather and install the dust pocket in gathering a class cover, just gather the below that flows the cover and install the class cover that separates of being connected with desorption tower inside wall, the top that separates a class cover and gather a class cover corresponding position department and seted up the flowing hole, just the bottom inner wall sealing connection that separates a class cover has the transversal carrier block of personally submitting isosceles trapezoid structure be equipped with the transversal spray chamber of personally submitting inverted splayed structure and being used for the blowout atomized liquid in the carrier block, a plurality of venthole has been seted up on a lateral surface that is close to and separates a class cover to the carrier block, and it has the adsorbent to fill between class cover to separate the carrier block.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, a liquid-blocking ring sleeve is hermetically connected to an outer side wall of the flow-blocking cover, a plurality of cleaning holes are formed in positions of the side wall of the flow-blocking cover corresponding to the liquid-blocking ring sleeve, and aperture values of the plurality of cleaning holes are set in a linearly decreasing trend from a side close to the irrigation hole to a side far away from the irrigation hole.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, a plurality of inclined strips are arranged on the surface of one side of the bearing block close to the flow isolating cover, and a liquid guide column which is communicated with the spraying cavity and penetrates through the flow isolating cover to the outer side is arranged at one end of each inclined strip close to the flow filling hole.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the bearing block is provided with a flow dividing table at the central position of one side surface close to the flow isolating cover, an ammonia storage cavity is arranged in the flow dividing table, and the bottom of the ammonia storage cavity is hermetically connected with an ammonia spraying pipe extending into the flow limiting and stripping mechanism.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the current-limiting elution mechanism comprises a hollow elution cover sleeved in a flow resisting cover, the outer side wall of one end of the hollow elution cover, which is close to a bearing block, is provided with a liquid inlet, a sealing cover is hermetically installed inside the hollow elution cover, a plurality of airflow chambers are arranged inside the sealing cover, the inner wall of one end of the hollow elution cover, which is close to the bearing block, is provided with a stepped groove for accommodating an ammonia spraying pipe and guiding ammonia gas into the airflow chambers, the outer side wall of one end of the sealing cover, which is close to the stepped groove, is provided with an inclined injection hole, one end of the airflow chamber, which is close to the stepped groove, is provided with an anti-return cover with an isosceles trapezoid structure in cross section, a plurality of gas collecting tables are installed inside the airflow chambers, a gas introducing hole with a V-shaped structure in cross section is arranged inside the gas collecting tables, one end of the sealing cover, which is far away from the, the other end of the hollow stripping cover is provided with a separation pipe connected with the gas gathering flow passage, and the side wall of the separation pipe is connected with the inlet of the delivery pipe.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, a backflow ring connected with the sealing cover is arranged above the inclined injection hole, a plurality of stepped ring sheets connected with the inner wall of the hollow stripping cover are installed on the outer side wall of the backflow ring, and a plurality of liquid-gas combination holes are formed in the inner wall of one side, close to the backflow ring, of each stepped ring sheet.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, a liquid carrying block is installed in the gas gathering table, a plurality of liquid guiding ring grooves are formed in the liquid carrying block, and a plurality of current limiting covers with isosceles trapezoid-shaped cross sections are installed on the surface of one side, far away from the anti-return cover, of the liquid carrying block.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the number of the liquid-carrying blocks in the plurality of gas collecting tables is set in a linearly increasing trend from one end close to the anti-backflow cover to one end far from the anti-backflow cover.
A multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification method comprises the following steps,
s100, injecting the flue gas into a removal tower, performing multiple dust removal operations on the flue gas through a removal device, mixing liquid in the flue gas, and simultaneously absorbing a large amount of sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas by using an adsorbent in the removal device so as to perform desulfurization operations;
s200, introducing the desulfurized flue gas and water mist into a hollow stripping and washing cover, simultaneously raising the temperature in the hollow stripping and washing cover to be between 280 and 420 ℃, and then fusing part of ammonia gas and the water mist in the flue gas when the flue gas containing the water mist contacts the ammonia gas, so that the flue gas and the ammonia gas are mixed to a large extent and simultaneously contact a catalyst element in the hollow stripping and washing cover;
s300, after the mixed flue gas and ammonia gas contact a catalytic converter element, NO in the flue gas2Is reduced to N2And H2And O, so as to achieve the aim of denitration.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, in step S100, the flue gas is injected into a removal tower, and the flue gas is subjected to multiple dust removal operations by a removal and washing device, and the specific steps of mixing liquid in the flue gas are as follows:
s101, performing primary dust removal on the flue gas injected into the removing tower by a dust removal bag, performing secondary dust removal on the flue gas by an adsorbent, and adsorbing sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas by the adsorbent;
s102, simultaneously injecting water liquid into the spraying cavity, enabling the water liquid to form a water mist curtain, and dedusting the flue gas subjected to secondary dedusting again, wherein the continuous flue gas can be contacted with the water mist and drives the water mist to flow together.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, through the dust removal bag, the flow distribution table and the bearing block, the flue gas is subjected to multiple dust removal, impurity removal by water spraying and ammonia gas injection operations, so that the subsequent purification of the flue gas cannot affect a catalytic assembly, the occupied area of the device is reduced, the subsequent recovery processing operation efficiency can be greatly improved, and when the mist impurity removal is realized by injecting water mist, the waste gas carrying moisture can be contacted with the ammonia gas to generate ammonia water mist, and the ammonia water and the ammonia gas can be fully mixed with the waste gas, so that the removal efficiency can be further improved;
the invention can further mix the smoke, water and fog through the reflux ring, the gas collecting platform and the flow-limiting cover, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency of smoke and the dissolution degree of ammonia gas, and simultaneously playing the roles of flow-limiting and speed-limiting on waste gas, so that the contact time of the waste gas and ammonia water is longer and more sufficient, and the purification efficiency is higher.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a carrier block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pre-stripping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of a stripping column according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a gas collecting platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a stepped ring plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a removal column; 2-an access port; 3-a pre-stripping mechanism; 4-a flow-blocking shield; 5-a flow-limiting and stripping mechanism; 6-a delivery pipe;
301-a flow focusing shield; 302-dust removal bag; 303-flow isolating hood; 304-an irrigation hole; 305-a carrier block; 306-a spray chamber; 307-air outlet holes; 308-an adsorbent; 309-liquid-insulating ring sleeve; 310-cleaning holes; 311-a tilt bar; 312-a liquid-conducting column; 313-a flow splitting station; 314-an ammonia storage chamber; 315-ammonia injection pipe;
501-hollow stripping cover; 502-a sealed enclosure; 503-airflow chamber; 504-step groove; 505-inclined injection holes; 506-anti-reversion cover; 507-a gas gathering table; 508-air bleed holes; 509-gas collecting channel; 510-a separation tube; 511-reflux loop; 512-ladder ring sheet; 513-liquid-gas combination holes; 514-liquid carrying block; 515-a liquid leading ring groove; 516-a current-limiting enclosure; 517-liquid inlet hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitration device, which can perform operations of multiple dust removal, water spraying, impurity removal, and ammonia injection on flue gas through a dust removal bag 302, a diversion table 313, and a bearing block 305, so that the subsequent purification of flue gas does not affect a catalytic assembly, the occupied area of the device is reduced, the subsequent recovery processing operation efficiency can be greatly improved, the device has many functions, and further mixing of flue gas, water and mist can be realized through a backflow ring 511, a gas collection table 507, and a flow limiting cover 516, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency of flue gas and the ammonia dissolution degree.
The device includes desorption tower 1 the top of desorption tower 1 is provided with leads to entry 2, just is in desorption tower 1's top inner wall is installed and is taken off washing mechanism 3 in advance the below of taking off washing mechanism 3 is equipped with the choked flow cover 4 with desorption tower 1 inner wall connection, mechanism 5 is taken off to the current-limiting of having cup jointed in choked flow cover 4 the below of mechanism 5 is taken off washing to the current-limiting is connected with delivery tube 6.
The device can be directly through leading to 2 interior flue gases of injecting into of mouth in getting into the desorption tower 1 when using, and oxygen can be taken off in advance and wash mechanism 3 and take off and wash many times when getting into for dust and the sulfur-containing substance in the flue gas are clear away by a large amount, make subsequent purification operation not receive the influence of impurity in the flue gas from this, later with leading-in current-limiting of flue gas after the desulfurization take off and wash mechanism 5 in, carry out further purification operation again.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the pre-desorption mechanism 3 includes a flow-collecting cover 301 installed on the inner wall of the top of the desorption tower 1 and having a V-shaped cross section, a dust-removing bag 302 is installed in the flow-collecting cover 301, a flow-isolating cover 303 connected to the inner wall of the desorption tower 1 is installed below the flow-collecting cover 301, a flow-injecting hole 304 is opened at a position corresponding to the flow-collecting cover 301 on the top of the flow-isolating cover 303, a bearing block 305 having an isosceles trapezoid cross section is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the flow-isolating cover 303, a spray cavity 306 having an inverted-splayed cross section and used for spraying atomized liquid is installed in the bearing block 305, the bearing block 305 has a plurality of air outlets 307 near the side surface of the flow-isolating cover 303, and an adsorbent 308 is filled between the bearing block 305 and the flow-isolating cover 303, the adsorbent 308 can select active carbon, and can be purified only by copper oxide in the flow-limiting and desorption mechanism 5 without selecting active carbon, however, sulfur dioxide in the flue gas affects the catalyst and makes it ineffective, so the adsorbent 308 is provided to perform a desulfurization operation in advance, which can remove a large amount of sulfur-containing substances, and a small amount of sulfur-containing substances can be purified by copper oxide in the current-limiting stripping mechanism 5.
After the flue gas gets into desorption tower 1, dust in the flue gas can be once filtered by dust bag 302, later the flue gas can get into through flowing hole 304 and gathers between cover 301 and carrier block 305, because of set up adsorbent 308 between the two, from this alright carry out secondary dust removal to the flue gas, still can take off the sulfur-containing substance in the flue gas simultaneously, later, the flue gas can flow to carrier block 305 below through venthole 307, can spray atomizing liquid in the spraying chamber 306 this moment, this fog liquid can form the protection curtain, further remove dust to dust, and the flue gas still can take fog liquid to flow together at the flow in-process, nitrogen gas mixing among the follow-up purification operation of being convenient for dissolves.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a liquid-blocking ring sleeve 309 is hermetically connected to an outer side wall of the flow-blocking cover 303, a plurality of cleaning holes 310 are formed in positions of the side wall of the flow-blocking cover 303 corresponding to the liquid-blocking ring sleeve 309, and aperture values of the plurality of cleaning holes 310 are set in a linearly decreasing trend from a side close to the irrigation hole 304 to a side far away from the irrigation hole 304.
When the user finds that the adsorbent 308 is adsorbed too much, the liquid can be filled in the liquid separation ring sleeve 309, and then the liquid can clean the adsorbent 308 through the cleaning holes 310 to wash out the sulfur-containing substances, and the pore diameter of the cleaning holes 310 is set so that the liquid flow rate closer to the perfusion hole 304 is larger, and the cleaning effect is higher.
As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of inclined bars 311 are installed on one side surface of the bearing block 305 close to the flow isolation cover 303, and a liquid guiding column 312 which is communicated with the spraying cavity 306 and penetrates through the flow isolation cover 303 to the outside is installed at one end of each inclined bar 311 close to the flow filling hole 304.
When the liquid for cleaning the adsorbent 308 flows down, the liquid gradually flows to the side wall of the bearing block 305, and then the liquid is converged by the inclined bar 311, so that the cleaning effect of the adsorbent 308 is better.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, a diversion table 313 is installed on the bearing block 305 at a central position close to one side surface of the flow blocking cover 303, an ammonia storage cavity 314 is arranged in the diversion table 313, and an ammonia injection pipe 315 extending into the flow-limiting and stripping mechanism 5 is hermetically connected to the bottom of the ammonia storage cavity 314.
When the flue gas got into reposition of redundant personnel platform 313 department, can be shunted by reposition of redundant personnel platform 313 to strike and realize carrying out the clean purpose to the flue gas from this on adsorbent 308, can store the ammonia in this ammonia storage cavity 314, the accessible pipeline is injected into, and the ammonia in the ammonia storage cavity 314 can be through spouting the slow blowout of ammonia pipe 315 afterwards, so that subsequent mixing operation.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the current-limiting elution mechanism 5 includes a hollow elution cover 501 sleeved in the flow resisting cover 4, the outer side wall of one end of the hollow elution cover 501 close to the bearing block 305 is provided with a liquid inlet 517, a sealing cover 502 is hermetically installed inside the hollow elution cover 501, a plurality of airflow chambers 503 are arranged inside the sealing cover 502, the inner wall of one end of the hollow elution cover 501 close to the bearing block 305 is provided with a stepped groove 504 for accommodating an ammonia spraying pipe 315 and guiding ammonia gas into the airflow chambers 503, the outer side wall of one end of the sealing cover 502 close to the stepped groove 504 is provided with an inclined injection hole 505, one end of the airflow chamber 503 close to the stepped groove 504 is provided with an anti-return cover 506 having an isosceles trapezoid structure in cross section (the anti-return cover 506 is provided with an ammonia outlet, and is located at the side wall of the anti-return cover 506, that ammonia gas is directly contacted with flue gas and water mist when being sprayed out, so as to mix sufficiently, and the operation of gas backflow cannot occur easily), and a plurality of gas collecting tables 507 are installed in the gas flow chamber 503, gas introducing holes 508 with a V-shaped cross section are formed in the gas collecting tables 507, a gas collecting flow channel 509 with a funnel-shaped cross section is formed at one end of the sealing cover 502 away from the stepped groove 504, a separation pipe 510 connected with the gas collecting flow channel 509 is arranged at the other end of the hollow stripping cover 501, and the side wall of the separation pipe 510 is connected with the inlet of the delivery pipe 6.
When the smoke flows with the water mist, the smoke enters the hollow stripping cover 501 through the liquid inlet hole 517, (the position of the liquid inlet hole 517 is flush with the surface of the flow blocking cover 4, so that the liquid sprayed out from the cavity can enter the liquid inlet hole 517), then the smoke entering the hollow stripping cover 501 enters the sealing cover 502 through the inclined injection hole 505, at the same time, ammonia gas is also sprayed out through the ammonia spraying pipe 315 to enter the sealing cover 502 along the anti-backflow cover 506, mixing with flue gas and water mist (ammonia gas and water mist can generate ammonia water after mixing, and can fully contact with the flue gas after mixing with the flue gas), then, the mixed flue gas and ammonia gas can enter the gas gathering table 507, the flue gas in the gas gathering table 507 passes through the gas guiding hole 508 (can be catalyzed by a catalyst to perform denitrification operation when passing through the gas guiding hole), and then enters the gas gathering flow passage 509, the gas in the gas collecting channel 509 will then enter the separation pipe 510 and finally be discharged from the discharge pipe 6.
When denitrification is performed, the temperature in the hollow stripping hood 501 needs to be raised to between 280 and 420 ℃ (the temperature in the sealing hood 502 can be directly raised, and a copper oxide catalyst is arranged in the gas collecting platform 507), when smoke containing water mist passes through the inclined injection holes 505, the smoke can be immediately contacted and mixed with ammonia gas, but the temperature is too high, so that the water mist can be immediately evaporated, namely all mixing operations can be achieved at the inclined injection holes 505 without entering the inclined injection holes 505 to influence the catalyst.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, a backflow ring 511 connected to the sealing cover 502 is disposed above the inclined injection hole 505, a plurality of stepped ring pieces 512 connected to the inner wall of the hollow stripping cover 501 are mounted on the outer side wall of the backflow ring 511, and a plurality of liquid-gas combination holes 513 are formed in the inner wall of one side of the stepped ring pieces 512 close to the backflow ring 511.
When gas just enters the hollow stripping and washing cover 501, (at this time, liquid also enters the hollow stripping and washing cover 501 and is collected on the stepped ring piece 512, a micropore is also formed in the hollow stripping and washing cover 501 to enable the liquid to flow out, and smoke cannot be easily leaked due to the blockage of the micropore by the liquid), the gas pushes the liquid to flow along the liquid-gas combination hole 513 in the stepped ring piece 512, and at this time, the smoke can be further contacted with the liquid, so that the fog carried by the smoke is relatively large.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a liquid carrying block 514 is installed in the gas collecting table 507, a plurality of liquid guiding grooves 515 are formed in the liquid carrying block 514, and a plurality of current limiting covers 516 with isosceles trapezoid-shaped cross sections are installed on the surface of one side of the liquid carrying block 514, which is far away from the backflow preventing cover 506.
When the flue gas and the ammonia gas enter the gas gathering table 507, the flue gas and the ammonia gas can directly impact the liquid carrying block 514 and then enter the current limiting cover 516 along the liquid guiding ring groove 515, so that the effects of current limiting and speed limiting on the flue gas and the ammonia gas are achieved, the flue gas and the ammonia gas are contacted more fully, and the purification effect is stronger.
Because the number of the liquid carrying blocks 514 in the gas gathering table 507 is set from the end close to the anti-return cover 506 to the end far away from the anti-return cover 506 in a linear increasing trend, the gas gathering table can be specifically set as shown in fig. 1, 3 gas gathering tables 507 can be directly set, wherein the gas gathering table 507 at the top is provided with one liquid carrying block 514, the second is provided with two, and the third is provided with 3, namely, the speed of the smoke and the ammonia gas passing through the three gas gathering tables 507 is gradually reduced, and the purification effect is also gradually increased.
A multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification method comprises the following steps,
s100, injecting the flue gas into a removal tower, performing multiple dust removal operations on the flue gas through a removal device, mixing liquid in the flue gas, and simultaneously absorbing a large amount of sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas by using an adsorbent in the removal device so as to perform desulfurization operations;
s200, introducing the desulfurized flue gas and water mist into a hollow stripping and washing cover, simultaneously raising the temperature in the hollow stripping and washing cover to be between 280 and 420 ℃, and then fusing part of ammonia gas and the water mist in the flue gas when the flue gas containing the water mist contacts the ammonia gas, so that the flue gas and the ammonia gas are mixed to a large extent and simultaneously contact a catalyst element in the hollow stripping and washing cover;
s300, contacting the mixed flue gas with ammonia gasAfter the catalytic element, NO in the flue gas2Is reduced to N2And H2And O, so as to achieve the aim of denitration.
Step S100, injecting the flue gas into a desorption tower, performing multiple dust removal operations on the flue gas through a desorption device, and enabling the mixed liquid in the flue gas to have the specific steps of:
s101, performing primary dust removal on the flue gas injected into the removing tower by a dust removal bag, performing secondary dust removal on the flue gas by an adsorbent, and adsorbing sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas by the adsorbent;
s102, simultaneously injecting water liquid into the spraying cavity, enabling the water liquid to form a water mist curtain, and dedusting the flue gas subjected to secondary dedusting again, wherein the continuous flue gas can be contacted with the water mist and drives the water mist to flow together.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (6)

1. The multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device is characterized by comprising a removing tower (1), wherein the top of the removing tower (1) is provided with an inlet (2), the inner wall of the top of the removing tower (1) is provided with a pre-removing and washing mechanism (3), a flow blocking cover (4) connected with the inner wall of the removing tower (1) is arranged below the pre-removing and washing mechanism (3), a current-limiting removing and washing mechanism (5) is sleeved in the flow blocking cover (4), and a delivery pipe (6) is connected below the current-limiting removing and washing mechanism (5);
the pre-desorption mechanism (3) comprises a flow gathering cover (301) which is installed on the inner wall of the top of a desorption tower (1) and is transversely of a V-shaped structure, a dust removing bag (302) is installed in the flow gathering cover (301), a flow isolating cover (303) which is connected with the inner wall of the desorption tower (1) is installed below the flow gathering cover (301), a flow filling hole (304) is formed in the position, corresponding to the flow gathering cover (301), of the top of the flow isolating cover (303), a bearing block (305) which is transversely of an isosceles trapezoid structure is connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the flow isolating cover (303) in a sealing mode, a spray cavity (306) which is transversely of an inverted-splayed structure and used for spraying atomized liquid is arranged in the bearing block (305), a plurality of air outlet holes (307) are formed in one side surface, close to the flow isolating cover (303), and an adsorbent (308) is filled between the bearing block (305) and the flow isolating cover (303), a shunting table (313) is arranged at the center of the surface of one side, close to the flow isolating cover (303), of the bearing block (305), an ammonia storage cavity (314) is arranged in the shunting table (313), and the bottom of the ammonia storage cavity (314) is hermetically connected with an ammonia spraying pipe (315) extending into the flow limiting and stripping mechanism (5);
the flow-limiting washing mechanism (5) comprises a hollow washing cover (501) sleeved in a flow-resisting cover (4), a liquid inlet hole (517) is formed in the outer side wall of one end, close to a bearing block (305), of the hollow washing cover (501), a sealing cover (502) is installed inside the hollow washing cover (501) in a sealing mode, a plurality of airflow chambers (503) are arranged inside the sealing cover (502), a stepped groove (504) used for containing an ammonia spraying pipe (315) and guiding ammonia into the airflow chambers (503) is formed in the inner wall of one end, close to the bearing block (305), of the hollow washing cover (501), an inclined injection hole (505) is formed in the outer side wall of one end, close to the stepped groove (504), of the airflow chambers (503), anti-return covers (506) with cross sections in isosceles trapezoid structures are installed at one end, close to the stepped groove (504), and a plurality of gas gathering tables (507) are installed in the airflow chambers (503), gather gas table (507) and interior drainage hole (508) of having personally submitted V style of calligraphy structure of cross section of having seted up, the one end that ladder groove (504) were kept away from in sealed cowling (502) is provided with the cross section and personally submits the gas flow way (509) of gathering of hopper-shaped, the other end that cover (501) were washed in the cavity is taken off and is equipped with and gathers gas flow way (509) separating tube (510) of being connected, the lateral wall of separating tube (510) and the access connection of delivery tube (6).
2. The multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device according to claim 1, wherein a liquid-blocking ring sleeve (309) is hermetically connected to the outer side wall of the flow-blocking cover (303), a plurality of cleaning holes (310) are formed in the position of the side wall of the flow-blocking cover (303) corresponding to the liquid-blocking ring sleeve (309), and the aperture values of the plurality of cleaning holes (310) are arranged in a linearly decreasing trend from the side close to the influent hole (304) to the side far away from the influent hole (304).
3. The multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of inclined strips (311) are installed on the surface of one side of the bearing block (305) close to the flow isolating cover (303), and a liquid guiding column (312) which is communicated with the spraying cavity (306) and penetrates through the flow isolating cover (303) to the outside is installed at one end of each inclined strip (311) close to the flow filling hole (304).
4. The multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device according to claim 1, wherein a backflow ring (511) connected with the sealing cover (502) is arranged above the inclined injection holes (505), a plurality of stepped ring sheets (512) connected with the inner wall of the hollow stripping cover (501) are mounted on the outer side wall of the backflow ring (511), and a plurality of liquid-gas combination holes (513) are formed in the inner wall of one side, close to the backflow ring (511), of each stepped ring sheet (512).
5. The multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device according to claim 1, wherein a liquid carrying block (514) is installed in the gas collection table (507), a plurality of liquid guiding ring grooves (515) are formed in the liquid carrying block (514), and a plurality of flow limiting covers (516) with isosceles trapezoid-shaped cross sections are installed on the surface of one side, away from the backflow prevention cover (506), of the liquid carrying block (514).
6. The multifunctional flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the liquid-carrying blocks (514) in the gas collection tables (507) is increased linearly from the end close to the anti-return cover (506) to the end far away from the anti-return cover (506).
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