CN111513923A

CN111513923A - Ear-blocking type hearing protection device

Info

Publication number: CN111513923A
Application number: CN202010416499.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄津博
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Shanxi Deep Sea Star Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2020-05-18
Filing date: 2020-05-18
Publication date: 2020-08-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-18
Also published as: CN111513923B

Abstract

Broadly, the present invention discloses a hearing protection device, an earcap hearing protection device, having superior heat dissipation and comfort. As shown in fig. 1, the heat-absorbing headband comprises an elastic arc-shaped headband component, a pair of supporting baffle plates attached to two ends of the headband and a pair of composite flexible heat-absorbing sealing bodies fixed on the supporting baffle plates and used for being attached to the skin of ears of a human body. The composite flexible heat absorption sealing body has liquid inside and impermeable elastic film to cover and package the outer layer.

Description

Ear-blocking type hearing protection device

Technical Field

The history of use of a personal wearable hearing protection device can be traced back to world war II and then spread to the industrial production and civilian fields. The application scenarios can be divided into two categories. One is faced with high decibel enough noise to cause harm to human auditory organs, and the specific scenes are as follows: heavy gun firing, cabs of tank and aircraft, ship engine rooms, flight decks of aircraft carriers, F1 plug cars, and various production workshops with high-decibel and high-energy noise. One is facing low-decibel noise which is harmless to human body but disturbs the mind and thinking of people, and the specific scenes are in the daily life field, such as: the examination room of the library, the examination room of sleep and examination, and the scene can be generally called as a mute scene. In recent years, as urbanization continues to advance, the demand of silent scenes becomes greater and greater, and in the foreseeable future, even if science and technology are developed again and living materials are abundant, as long as human beings are social animals living in a social manner and society needs to work separately and cooperate, mutual interference while cooperation is in common is inevitable. A need for a personal wearable hearing protection device exists even in the future.

Background

There are currently three major categories of structural forms of personal wearable hearing protection devices, ear plugs, ear muffs, and fully wrapped helmets (wherein the ear plugs can be further classified as in-ear plugs and non-in-ear plug plugs).

The fully-wrapped helmet wraps the head of a person completely, the key part of the flexible movable seal is positioned at the neck, and the fully-wrapped helmet is mainly applied to the field of racing cars such as F1, although the fully-wrapped helmet has the most excellent sound insulation performance and the noise reduction value can reach 50db (NRR). But it has high cost, large volume, heavy weight and inconvenient carrying.

The earmuffs cover the ears of a person under the closed cup cavity, and are connected with the earmuffs on two sides through arc-shaped elastic materials so as to apply a force to the earmuffs to enable the earmuffs to lean against the skin of the head, so that the gasket consisting of leather sponge is tightly attached to the skin around the ears of the person to form sealing. The fluffy sponge cushion becomes compact and dense, and the apparent density and rigidity of the sponge cushion are improved, so that the sound insulation effect is enhanced. The earmuff has excellent sound insulation performance. The noise reduction value (NRR) floats in the range of approximately 22-37 db according to the working technology level. Has certain portability, but is not suitable for use while wearing glasses. And the travelling comfort is relatively poor, only is fit for wearing for the short time, and the reason is two: first, heat dissipation is poor. The wearer wears the glasses at room temperature, and the situation that the ears are stuffy and hot and sweat out and cannot be endured can occur in less than 1 hour. Let alone in hot summer and high temperature workshops. Secondly, the pressure pain and the tension of the head ring are too large. Because the effect and the degree of realizing sound seal directly depend on the degree of compactness of sponge packing ring after the atress, and the degree of compactness of sponge packing ring is direct positive correlation again to the size of the pressure that receives, so great power is necessary and crucial, is that it is inevitable to realize the function of giving sound insulation. Therefore, the users can wear the existing earmuff type noise-proof products in the market for a long time and can feel pressure pain.

Earplugs, commonly referred to as in-ear earplugs, which are designed to provide sound insulation by insertion into the ear canal to occlude the canal, are typically made of a slow-recovery Polyurethane (PU) foam. During the use pinch first and rub thin earplug body, then fill in people's duct, wait that it slowly kick-backs to laminating duct inner wall, then the duct is just fully filled up the jam, has formed sealedly. The sound insulation performance is excellent, and the NRR value can reach 29 db. The portable multifunctional desk is convenient to carry, can be used repeatedly and has low manufacturing cost, so that the portable multifunctional desk is widely applied to daily life, study and work. However, due to the inherent resilience of the material after elastic deformation, the foam sponge which is elastically deformed when being pressed by the inner wall of the auditory canal during wearing is inevitably subjected to a resilience force. Therefore, after a person wears the ear cup for a long time, the skin and capillaries in the ear canal are pressed to feel pain. And the foam cotton is widely applied to heat preservation materials, and the heat dissipation performance is extremely poor. Although the heat generated in the auditory canal is small, if the ear-muff is worn for a long time, the heat cannot be dissipated out through the ear plug in time, so that the ear-muff is hard to endure.

There are also some other materials that are not mainstream in-ear earplugs: such as wax earplugs, silicone rubber earplugs, and thermoplastic earplugs.

The waxy earplug is pushed and plugged into the auditory canal for sealing by the plasticity of the waxy earplug at normal temperature. Because of the waxy earplug does not have the resilience force, so do not have the sense of pressure in the duct after wearing, but also consequently be difficult to fix in the duct, loose the slippage easily and lose the sound gas seal, give sound insulation stability can not be good, and be difficult to the heat dissipation.

The silicon rubber earplug is generally formed by arranging three layers of silicon rubber sheets with increasing area sequence on a silicon rubber shaft at certain intervals to form a shape similar to a Christmas tree. The sound insulation effect is weaker than that of a polyurethane foam earplug, and the earplug has the advantages of cleanability and long service life. But because its earplug also relies on the solid to take place elastic deformation to come into contact with the duct inner wall, so can produce the oppression power to the duct when its use, wear for a long time and can cause the duct pain equally, be not suitable for wearing for a long time.

The thermoplastic earplug is obtained by soaking an earplug material in hot water to obtain plasticity, then fishing up the earplug material from the water in a short time, placing the earplug material at the external auditory canal, pressing the earplug material by hands, then taking down the earplug material to wait for solidification, and finally obtaining the earplug with 100 percent of re-carved internal and external outlines of the auditory canal near the external auditory canal. Unfortunately, due to the expansion and contraction effect, the outline dimension of the cooled earplug is slightly smaller than the dimension of the earplug which perfectly fits the auditory canal in a heating state, and the earplug just cannot closely fit the auditory canal, so that the sealing effect is not perfect as that in the imagination when the earplug is actually worn and used, the sound insulation effect is poor, but the price is expensive.

There are also some non-mainstream, non-in-ear earplugs, or semi-in-ear plugs. The site of the structural seal is outside the ear canal orifice and at the orifice inner or outer boundary. The volume of the earplug inserted into the ear canal is only a small proportion of its body. So strictly speaking, a more scientific and accurate call for them should be for earblock type earplugs. Compared with the in-ear type principle, the main differences can be summarized and compared as follows: one to occlude the ear canal inside the ear canal and one to cap the ear canal outside. For example: silicone earplugs, and headband-type earplugs, are of the capped type.

A silicone earplug, a non-in-ear earplug, may alternatively be referred to as an earplug. The utility model can be used for both silencing and swimming, and can insulate sound and water. Such "earplugs" are used in a more specialized manner than real earplugs. It is not inserted into ear canal during use. The whole body of the adhesive is an adhesive substance, namely normal-temperature solid plastic adhesive silicone grease. The domestic manufacturers refer to the plastic silica gel cement. The specific working mode is as follows: by using the adhesiveness of the sound insulation layer, the sound insulation layer is firstly attached to the skin and flesh of the protruding part of the ear canal opening (namely, the part named as the tragus is 11 parts in figure 15), then the sound insulation layer is continuously pressed and extruded by a hand a little by little to be diffused and adhered to the skin in other directions around the ear hole, and finally the sound insulation layer is adhered to cover the ear hole to form a sound insulation layer formed by compounding silicon ester and the skin and flesh of the tragus part, so that the ear hole is sealed. At this time, the shape of the silicone body of the "earplug" has changed from a cylinder before use to an irregular sheet-like, cake-like shape, and the normal interaction force is mainly tensile force rather than compressive force at the contact interface between the "earplug" and the skin of the ear. And because the earplug material is plastic, the elastic deformation restoring force does not exist. In addition, the earplug body is largely not in contact with the delicate skin in the ear canal, so that there is no pressure exerted by the earplug on the inner wall skin of the ear canal compared to an in-ear earplug. Therefore, the pain is not generated after the long-time wearing. Moreover, the silicone grease has certain thermal conductivity, so the user can feel sultriness after wearing the silicone grease for a period of time, and the heat dissipation performance is still good. In the aspect of sound insulation performance, the sound insulation layer has higher rigidity and heavier mass which are not possessed by other earplugs, and the mass of the sound insulation layer can be increased by utilizing a little skin flesh (a part which is called as a tragus in the middle school of the auricle) outside the earhole, so that the surface density of the sound insulation layer, namely the mass of the sound insulation layer in unit area is greatly higher than that of the foam cotton earplugs. Therefore, the sound insulation effect is better than that of the foam earplug. In conclusion, the combination of properties of such an "earplug" appears to be superior, but it is a disposable earplug. After the skin-care product is used once, the surface of the skin-care product is reduced in viscosity due to pollution, and the skin is difficult to stick firmly again, so that the skin-care product is difficult to repeatedly use. And some glue substances can be remained on the skin of the human body after the use, the wearing process is complicated, and the wearing and taking are inconvenient. Therefore, the real use cost of the earplug is high, and the earplug is not easy to popularize. In the aspect of environmental protection, after being discarded, the silicone ester earplugs are difficult to identify, recycle and reuse and cannot be naturally degraded, so that the silicone ester earplugs can cause environmental pollution if being used as a civil product for large-scale consumption.

Headband-type half-in-ear earplugs (Band earplugs) deliver a pushing force to tapered or cylindrical solid earplugs at both ends thereof through an arcuate elastic plastic headband to push the two tapered or cylindrical solid earplugs into the ear canal. The integral fitting performance is poor, the sealing effect is not as good as that of a foam in-ear earplug, and the sound insulation capability is general. Moreover, if worn during sleep, the rod-shaped end for pushing the earplug is easily inserted into the ear canal when sleeping on the side, which leads to accidental injury and pain, and is easy to cause civil litigation risk. But still can be used by firearms enthusiasts when shooting because of the convenience of taking and putting on the firearm and the portability. Prolonged wear may result in an enlarged external ear canal.

It is worth mentioning that the active noise reducing music headphones that have become popular in the market in recent years do not strictly fall within the concept of hearing protection devices. Because they are only used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic signal, so-called "noise reduction" is used, wherein "noise" means that the "signal-to-noise ratio", i.e., the inverse of the signal-to-noise ratio, is a ratio, not the decibel value of the acoustic energy level of the noise, and therefore, the discussion is omitted here.

In summary, in the field of personal wearable noise protection devices, the mainstream technical solutions so far cannot solve two problems of heat dissipation and pressure pain feeling on the premise of ensuring the sealing performance of the ear canal. The product performance requirements under the scenes of sleeping, self-study, examination and the like in daily life, which are required to be worn for a long time, mainly refer to heat dissipation performance and comfort, and the supply is seriously insufficient.

The essential reason is limited by the material properties of the solid material. It is difficult to combine flexibility, thermal conductivity, and high acoustic impedance at the same time. The solid material is soft to be tightly attached to the surface of the skin with the fluctuant height, and the solid material can be soft to form sealing and comfortable. And once soft, generally lack density and stiffness, making it difficult to dampen vibrations. Also soft solid materials generally do not have good thermal conductivity.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a hearing protection device with excellent heat dissipation and wearing comfort, in particular to an ear blocking type hearing protection device. As shown in fig. 1, includes a resilient arcuate headband member 10, a pair of

retainer plates

11 and 13 attached to either end of the headband, and a pair of composite flexible heat

absorbent seals

12 and 14 secured to the retainer plates. The composite flexible heat absorption sealing body is shown in figure 4, the inner layer is liquid 12, and the outer layer is wrapped and packaged by an impermeable elastic film 11.

The invention is mainly characterized in that the flexible component is used for realizing sound sealing by contacting with skin, the composite flexible heat absorption sealing body is internally provided with liquid, the outer layer is encapsulated by an impermeable elastic film, and the surface of the composite flexible heat absorption sealing body filled under zero pressure is very soft because the elastic film has larger constant stress elongation (E) and lower constant stress elongation (S). And the surface has the bidirectional elastic deformation capacity of both sinking and protruding. When the product is worn, the flexible component containing liquid shows the fluidity similar to fluid by virtue of the extrusion effect of the force transmitted by the head-wearing piece, is tightly attached to the skin of the complex earline surface in a small range around the earhole, covers and seals the earhole, and thus the sound seal is constructed.

The advantages of the main features of the invention: firstly, the composite flexible heat absorption sealing body has higher density, so that the composite flexible heat absorption sealing body has stronger reflection and absorption capacity to sound waves. Compared with the ear muffs, the heat dissipation requirement of the skin is smaller due to the smaller covered area of the skin, and compared with the earplugs, the ear muffs are attached to the skin outside the ear canal, and the resistance capacity of the skin outside the ear canal to pressure is higher than that of the skin inside the ear canal. In addition, the skin attached to the surface of the composite flexible sealing body is stressed uniformly. Therefore, good sealing performance is easily realized, and a comfortable effect can be achieved in the aspect of body feeling. So the utility model can be worn for a long time without pain. And because the packaged liquid has excellent heat absorption capacity and certain heat dissipation capacity, the liquid can be worn for a long time without muggy feeling.

The existing mainstream noise reduction products have the following two problems in different degrees: firstly, pressure pain is felt; secondly, the heat dissipation performance is not good. The product effectively improves the problems existing in the two aspects on the premise of having excellent sound insulation and noise reduction performance.

The device additionally comprises some accessories:

the sleep uses the annex: the side sleeping miniature ring ear pillow is shown in fig. 13. The ear plug is used for being superposed on and worn after the ear plug is worn, and can play a role in fixing the position of the ear plug, so that people can freely switch between a side sleeping position and a normal sleeping position during sleeping without worrying about that the pillow disturbs the wearing position of the ear plug or presses the ear plug, and then the ear plug presses auricles to cause discomfort.

An attachment for fixing: the elastic rope is used for fixing. For assisting in strengthening the fit.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of an integral earcap hearing protection device.

Fig. 2 is a side view of an integrated earcap hearing protection device.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the product.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional cut-away view of a composite flexible heat absorber seal.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the wearing mode of the product around the top of the head.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the wearing mode of the product around the chin.

Fig. 7 is an assembly schematic of a composite flexible heat absorption seal including a fat filled insulation layer.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite flexible heat absorption seal including a fat filled insulation layer after final packaging.

Fig. 9 is a schematic configuration design diagram of a composite flexible heat absorption sealing body with a cold accumulation glue solution hanging cabin.

Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a complete product of the composite flexible heat-absorbing sealing body with the cold accumulation glue solution hanging cabin.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view a of the complete product of the composite flexible heat absorption sealing body with the cold accumulation glue solution hanging cabin.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view b of the complete product of the composite flexible heat absorption sealing body with the cold accumulation glue solution hanging cabin.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the accessory miniature ring ear pillow of the present product.

Fig. 14 is a schematic design of a composite flexible heat absorption seal to aid in heat dissipation within the ear canal.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a human auricle structure

The drawings in this document are diagrammatic in structure and not necessarily to scale, and the proportions in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed.

As used herein, the term "impermeable" means that the film is impermeable to the internal liquid under conditions such that the composite flexible seal is subjected to a pressure during normal wear of the product, wherein the liquid molecules are still effectively blocked by the encapsulating film when the film is subjected to the pressure.

As used herein, unless otherwise specifically defined, the term "substantially" means a characteristic or attribute that is readily identifiable by a person of ordinary skill, without requiring a high degree of approximation (e.g., within +/-20% for a quantifiable characteristic), it being understood that unless otherwise specifically defined, any other feature description of the term "left-right," the phrases "approximately," "uniform," "mostly," "some," etc., will also be understood to be within ordinary tolerances, or within measurement error as applicable to the particular situation.

As used herein, belonging to "inwardly" refers to a direction generally toward the sagittal plane of the head of a person wearing the personal-worn silencing device disclosed herein. The term "outwardly" refers to a direction generally away from the sagittal plane. "medial" refers to the side closer to the head of the person, and "lateral" refers to the side further from the head of the person.

As used herein, in this document: the names of the flexible body, the composite flexible body, the flexible heat absorbing body, the heat absorbing sealing body, the flexible sealing body and the sealing body are the designation and the abbreviation of the composite flexible heat absorbing sealing body if appearing in the text paragraphs directly describing the invention.

As used herein, the phrases "sound-deadening" and "sound-insulating" are intended to include both shielding, reflection and absorption.

As used herein, the phrases "headgear," "headgear," and "headband" are intended to be synonymous with the same component.

Detailed Description

An earcap hearing protection device 1 is disclosed herein. As shown in fig. 1, this device includes an arcuate resilient headgear 10, generally

rigid retainer plates

11 and 13, and a pair of composite flexible heat-absorbing

seals

12 and 14 mounted to the retainer plates.

The generally arcuate headgear 10 is a piece (strip) or pieces (strips) of metallic or non-metallic arcuate resilient material joined together. To provide a tensioning, tightening force of about 3 to 4N.

A generally rigid retainer plate is used primarily to provide a flat or curved surface having a surface area no less than the cross-sectional area of the ear opening for holding and applying a pushing force to the flexible heat absorbing seal.

The ends of the headgear may be removably or non-removably attached to the baffle plate by suitable connectors, the distance from the center of the baffle plate to the center of the headgear being adjustable. The baffle plate is used for supporting and fixing the sealing main body, transmitting clamping force to press the sealing colloid inwards to enable the sealing colloid to be tightly attached to human ears, and preventing the flexible heat absorption sealing body from moving.

The connection between the retaining plate and the flexible heat absorption sealing body can be fixed in a buckling mode, a riveting mode, a binding mode, a knotting mode, an adhesive mode and the like, and the retaining plate and the flexible heat absorption sealing body can also be fixed together in the two modes.

The flexible heat absorbing seal is primarily designed to be placed against the skin to seal the ear canal. As shown in fig. 4, the inside is a hydrophilic gel mass 12 (liquid at normal temperature) having little elasticity, and the outside is encapsulated with an impermeable elastic film 11. The elasticity exhibited by the outer portion of the outer layer as a whole is provided by an impermeable elastic membrane covered by the outer layer. The glue solution provides a uniform support for the membrane, which provides a uniform, flexible constraint for the glue solution. Therefore, the solid-liquid two-phase composite flexible body can show uniform flexibility and elastic deformability of both concave and convex. The material has approximate fluidity characteristic under the action of force. A more comfortable skin-engaging experience and a more snug seal can be provided.

It does not compress the delicate cutaneous blood vessels within the ear canal, as compared to an earplug. Compared with the ear muffs, the pressure and the pressure applied to the skin of the human body are small, and the pressure pain feeling is not easy to generate after the ear muffs are worn for a long time. Because of the uniform elasticity of the sufficiently soft isotropy, and the consequent bi-directional elastic deformability of the surface both concave and convex, it is easier to achieve a uniform pressure throughout the skin: the ear canal can generate enough elastic deformation only by a small clamping force (about 3N) so as to closely fit the fluctuant and irregular surface contour of the skin around the ear canal and realize good sealing. Therefore, the wearing of the earmuffs is less prone to pressure pain compared with the wearing of the earmuffs (the clamping force of the earmuffs in the market owners is generally about 7N).

When wearing, hug closely the outside of two flexible seals and place on the tragus of earhole department, and slowly loosen the hand, make whole seal under the effect of the thrust of baffle, take place extrusion deformation in tragus portion, then automatic "flow" fills the concha chamber (like 12 positions in figure 15), the edge cover extends to and stops after the peripheral hindrance that meets everywhere of concha chamber, realize flexible sealed laminating with the complicated unevenness's of the profile face of ear canal mouth near edge, sound, the airtight to the earhole have been constituted.

In some convenient embodiments, the headband may be stamped and cold rolled from metal or heat treated from a memory alloy. Or a polymer injection molding.

In some convenient embodiments, the retainer plate can be made of metal, wood, injection molded, rubber molded, or ceramic fired. The retainer plate or a portion thereof may be made by an additive manufacturing process (commonly referred to as 3D printing).

In some embodiments, the substance within the enclosure is a high specific heat capacity, low "freeze point" hydrophilic gel having fluidity. Is prepared from water, high-molecular additive, pigment and metallic salt. The polymer additive is mainly used for increasing the polymerization of a rubber chain so as to increase the viscosity of fluid and reduce the freezing point of rubber, and is generally used for storing cold and retarding the generation and the transmission of vibration.

In some embodiments, the encapsulation film in the flexible seal can be prepared by a dip method, which comprises: firstly, processing and manufacturing a metal mould with a required specific shape, coating a coagulant on the surface of the mould, then drying the mould in the air, then immersing the mould into rubber glue solution at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, extracting the mould, rotating the mould to ensure that the glue is uniformly distributed on the surface of the mould, and then shaping the mould in an oven at the temperature of 85-120 ℃. Drying and demoulding to obtain the film. The film is in a roughly spherical semi-closed cavity structure with one end open, and the open end is provided with a slender channel which is used as a channel for injecting gel, so that the packaging difficulty is reduced. The entire membrane chamber can be likened to a tiny balloon with a particularly thin neck to aid understanding.

In some convenient embodiments, the encapsulation film in the flexible encapsulant may be formed by a silicone injection molding process.

In some embodiments, the flexible sealing body in the product is dyed by adding pigment when preparing hydrophilic condensed storage gel in the sealing body in order to timely warn that liquid leakage is caused by accidental breakage of the package or breakage due to expiration of natural life when the flexible sealing body is used. So that the early stage of the leakage night can be found by people and can be disposed in time.

In some embodiments, the flexible seal in the product, in which the portion that seals the ear canal directly contacts the skin around the ear canal, is substantially spherical or oval, and has a diameter ranging from about 8mm to about 35mm, including the protective layer and the thermal barrier layer, wherein 8mm is the average diameter of a human ear canal, and greater than 8mm can prevent the product from being inserted into the ear canal and causing discomfort and accidental injury. Because different people have different characteristics of the physiological structures of the auricle, such as the size of an ear hole, the protruding degree of the tragus and the thickening degree of the tragus, a sealing structure which is suitable and comfortable in body feeling is constructed on the basis of the different physiological structures of the auricle, although the flexible sealing body in the product is very soft (the surface hardness is close to Shore A0 degrees in a zero-pressure state), sealing bodies with different sizes are still needed. To the configuration of idiosyncratic earhole auricle, need bigger seal in order to be used for realizing the laminating, so to the different crowds in different national nationality and latitude area, this product divide into 3 models from small to big: s, M, L are provided. To match people with different pinna structures as well as children. However, too large or too small a wrong seal body selection increases the probability of uncomfortable wearing of the product.

Under the condition that only a small ear skin heat dissipation requirement covered by the flexible sealing body and a small heat dissipation amount in the ear hole need to be considered, the hydrophilic colloid with a certain mass and high specific heat capacity serves as a cooling source, and then the heat insulation layer is arranged between the heat absorption colloid and the skin, so that the heat absorption rate of the colloid is controlled, and the heat absorption process can be maintained within a range acceptable to a human body for a longer time. The ear heat dissipation requirement of a longer time period is met. According to the experimental tests of the present investigators, the length of time for a comfortable wear period without a noticeable hot sensation, as in the case of a product with a flexible body of the version shown in exemplary embodiment 7 (as shown in fig. 8), without prior refrigeration of the product in a refrigerator, was about 3 hours at room temperature of 27 degrees celsius. If the product is pre-refrigerated, the wearing time of the product with the mineral fat heat insulation layer flexible body can reach about 4 hours without heat sensation. Will vary slightly depending on the physical condition of the individual. Generally, the duration of the non-thermal comfortable wearing period of the product is about 2 times that of a silicone earplug, which is a product with excellent heat dissipation capability. Is significantly longer than other earplug and earmuff products in existence. If a version of the enclosure with a cold storage bay is used, as shown in fig. 10. The wearing time length without obvious thermal sensation obtained by testing can be extended to more than 8 hours, which is enough to support a complete and thorough night sleep, and it is pointed out that the cold accumulation cabin 12 containing the cold accumulation glue solution is positioned at the outer side of the blocking and supporting plate in the using process of the product in the embodiment, the convection and replacement of the glue solution between the inner end 10 and the outer end 12 of the sealing body can be continuously completed by extruding with the pillow in the rolling reverse side of the natural human body sleep, and the product is more natural and environment-friendly.

In some embodiments, the thermal barrier layer may be present in the form of a filler between two layers of elastic constraint film, as described in exemplary embodiment 4 (see fig. 8). Or be pasted on the inner side of the sealing body (namely the side contacted with the human body) in a gasket mode, and the material can be rubber, silica gel or latex. The purpose of the heat insulation layer is to slow down the rapid heat exchange between the human body and the cold accumulation glue in the sealing body, and simultaneously, the natural heat radiation process of the heat exchange between the outer side (namely, the side far away from the human ear) of the sealing body and the air is not influenced as much as possible. Prevent the situation that the user feels cold at the beginning and feels stuffy and hot soon. The duration of comfort without heat sensation when the product is worn is prolonged as much as possible. In addition, the anti-breakage capability of some sealing bodies can be increased. The heat absorption rate of the cooling colloid can be controlled by adjusting the thickness of the heat insulation layer material so as to adapt to different temperature and weather conditions. Too thin will cause the heat to be absorbed too quickly and the heat absorption process and time to be shortened, resulting in a condition where the ear feels cold at the beginning and then overheated again. In cold weather, a thicker heat insulation layer is selected to be matched, if the heat insulation layer is too thick, the Young modulus and the shear modulus of the outer surface of the sealing body under pressure can be increased by the heat insulation layer in the form of the gasket, so that under the action of the same tension force, the elastic shape change of the surface of the sealing body is small, namely the deformation capability is weakened, the hardness is increased, the close fit with auricle skin can be influenced, the air tightness of the ear canal seal is reduced, and the comfort is also reduced. Therefore, the surface hardness range of the flexible sealing body is about 0-5 degrees of Shore A hardness (the surface hardness of the composite flexible body under the action of zero external pressure is close to 0, the inner gel is not hard as liquid, but when a person wears the product, the surface area is increased after the flexible body is extruded to deform, the outer packaging film is subjected to tensile elastic deformation, the inner pressure is increased, and the surface hardness is slightly increased).

In some convenient embodiments, the insulation layer may be omitted for simplicity. To cope with extreme hot weather in summer or in tropical regions of low latitudes.

The crowd that tragus portion is hypertrophic very much, when wearing this ear block up silencing device, after the heat absorption seal oppresses its hypertrophic tragus portion skin meat, its tragus portion skin meat probably will buckle and cover the ear canal hole, though sealed fine, the sound insulation effect is better, but also lead to the interior air of duct to take place the heat exchange with flexible heat absorption seal simultaneously, can only rely on the microvasculature of wearing in the ear skin of self to come the heat transfer in the duct outside the duct. The wearer in this case may easily feel the discomfort of stuffiness in the ear canal. To address this issue, according to exemplary embodiment 5, one or more tentacles may extend from the inside of the heat-absorbing seal to extend into the ear canal of the wearer, as shown in FIG. 14. The heat absorption sealing body with the structure can effectively take away heat emitted by the skin in the auditory canal.

Although the detailed discussion herein lists certain exemplary designs, it should be emphasized that the composite flexible heat-absorbing seal can have any suitable shape and configuration design, broadly speaking, so long as a high E (elongation at constant stress) low S (stress at elongation) film is provided for packaging and a viscous liquid of high specific heat capacity is provided for filling.

In some embodiments, to reduce the effect of the stethoscope when the product is worn, a silicone or lint cover having a structure similar to that of a bacterial flagella may be wrapped around the arc-shaped headband.

It is known to insulate sound, i.e. to shield sound, from vibrating mechanical waves transmitted from the air. The basic principle is as follows: 1. firstly, the tightness is ensured, the air capable of transmitting vibration is isolated, and gaps are not reserved as far as possible to prevent diffraction transmission; 2. and secondly, the transmission of the sound wave energy is reduced as much as possible by enhancing the reflection and absorption of the sound insulation layer to the sound wave energy.

The resistance of the soundproofing layer, which is made of solid material, to vibrations, i.e. the sound reflection and sound absorption, is mainly related to the following two criteria: 1 object stiffness, i.e. modulus of elasticity; 2 areal density, i.e. mass per unit area.

Therefore, it can be seen that (under the same sealing condition) the sound insulation and noise reduction effects of any sound protector depend on two different factors: 1, the sound insulation material reflects sound waves and is related to rigidity and surface density for solid materials; 2 the absorption effect of the sound insulation material on sound waves is also related to the areal density. It is the areal density that is the dominant factor in reflection, absorption and transmission in engineering practice. Heavy components may generally provide more reflection than light components and thus transmit less acoustic energy. It should be understood that in a sound field in a real environment, the degree of contribution, major and minor, of these two elements of the sound masking reduction mechanism is not absolutely constant.

On the one hand, the density of the liquid hydrophilic gel of the main component of the composite flexible sealing body is close to water, and the composite flexible sealing body has strong heat conduction capability and cold storage capability, so that the heat dissipation factor can be relatively avoided, and the composite flexible sealing body can obtain larger mass and surface density (far larger than the foam earplug) through stacking thickness relatively without limitation, thereby obtaining larger sound reflection and sound absorption effects. On the other hand, the flexible body is microscopically a liquid under pressure and an elastic membrane with tension under pressure due to the action of pressure during wearing, and the acoustic reflection capability, namely acoustic impedance property of the flexible body and the elastic membrane are further improved, and a part of sound waves which can be refracted originally can be reflected and blocked outside in a total reflection mode. From the macroscopic view, the whole rigidity of the flexible body is improved under the action of pressure and is also larger than that of the foam cotton material (it should be noted here that the rigidity is the comparison of the rigidity of the flexible body under the action of pressure when the flexible body and the foam cotton material are in a working state, the rigidity range of the skin-attached material is mainly determined by the tolerance of the skin, the foam cotton earplug is used as an in-ear earplug and mainly applies pressure to the foam cotton earplug by passively applying the pressure to the foam cotton earplug by the skin in an ear canal, and the rigidity in the working state is naturally smaller than that of the composite flexible heat absorption sealing body in the product attached to the skin outside the ear canal), so the reflecting capacity to the sound wave is further improved. Therefore, the sound insulation performance of the sealing body with the liquid as the main body is combined in two aspects, and the potential is larger than that of the foam earplug in theory. Of course, this is true.

The product mainly aims at the silence fields of sleeping, self-study and the like, when the user wears the ear plug, the user wears the ear plug firstly and then wears the ring ear pillow on the ear plug, and the user can randomly roll the user in a side sleeping mode without worrying that the ear plug is loosened and falls off. Freely change the sleeping posture and fully enjoy sleeping. Besides the function of fixing and preventing the falling off, the micro ear pillow also avoids the following situations: the sealing body is excessively stressed and excessively deformed when sleeping on one side, so that the supporting plate is contacted with or pressed on the auricle, and after the sealing body is continuously used for a long time, the ear feels pain. As shown in fig. 13, the ear pillow is a micro-ring ear pillow, wherein the keels of the ear pillow inner support are made of ring nylon sheet, the outer part is sewed and wrapped with cloth, and the inner filling material can be faeces Bombycis, testa Fagopyri Esculenti, semen Cassiae, etc. The two nylon ring-shaped pieces are connected together by an elastic arc-shaped nylon head band.

This product can with the cooperation of in-ear earplug, superpose the use, wear the in-ear earplug earlier, then wear this product outward again, the two superposes and uses the noise reduction effect excellence. But can affect the heat dissipation.

The product can also be matched with an in-ear music earphone for use, the music earphone is worn firstly, then the product is worn outside, and a passive noise reduction music earphone can be obtained after superposition use.

The product can be worn in various ways, such as: 1. worn around the crown of the head as in fig. 5. 2. Worn around the chin, as shown in fig. 6, which can be adapted to wearing safety helmets or wearing glasses. The wearing mode is most convenient, and when the stethoscope is used in a pause in midway, the stethoscope can be taken off and hung at the neck, is similar to a stethoscope of a doctor, is convenient to carry, and is fast to take off and wear.

Due to the material, the product is not suitable to be exposed below minus 1 ℃ for too long time, and not to be exposed above 55 ℃ for a long time, otherwise, the product can cause irreversible damage to high polymer materials and components contained in the product, and the aging of the product is accelerated.

List of exemplary embodiments

Embodiment 1 is an ear-block hearing protection device, comprising: an elastic substantially arc-shaped headgear member attached to a pair of retainer plates at each end of the headgear member, each retainer plate being substantially rigid and having a hole location and a slot; the flexible sealing body used for contacting and fitting with the outline of the human ear skin is attached to the baffle supporting plate, the outer layer of the flexible sealing body is an impermeable elastic membrane, and the inner layer of the flexible sealing body is packaged cold accumulation liquid gel.

Embodiment 2 is the apparatus of embodiment 1, wherein the impermeable elastic membrane is prepared by a dip method, comprising: firstly, processing and manufacturing a metal mould with a required specific shape, coating a coagulant on the surface of the mould, then drying the mould in the air, then immersing the mould into rubber glue solution at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, extracting the mould, rotating the mould to ensure that the glue is uniformly distributed on the surface of the mould, and then shaping the mould in an oven at the temperature of 85-120 ℃. Drying and demoulding to obtain the film. The film is in a roughly spherical semi-closed cavity structure with one end open, and the open end is provided with a slender channel which is used as a channel for injecting gel, so that the packaging difficulty is reduced. The entire membrane chamber can be likened to a tiny balloon with a particularly thin neck to aid understanding.

Embodiment 3 is the device of embodiment 1, wherein the outer encapsulant film of the flexible heat absorption seal is formed by a silicone injection molding process.

Embodiment 4 is the device of embodiment 1, wherein the cold storage fluid within the flexible enclosure can be water or an aqueous solution in addition to the hydrophilic gel.

Embodiment 5 is the device of embodiment 1 wherein the flexible endothermic seal configuration may be an ear canal heat dissipation enhancing version as shown in fig. 14: referring to the process of embodiment 2, the mold is changed to a specific mold having a "whisker" structure as shown in fig. 14, and the dipping process is performed similarly to embodiment 2. (the size of the sphere part is 22mm in diameter, the size of the nozzle is 5mm in diameter, the length is 18mm, the length of the tentacle is 16mm, and the diameter of the tentacle is 5 mm). And injecting gel and packaging after the film cavity is manufactured. The shape of the finished sealing ball body is also shown in fig. 9, a bendable slender column protrudes outwards, and the slender column extends into the auditory canal during use to dissipate heat and cool the skin in the auditory canal. ' Qiyi

Embodiment 6 is an apparatus according to embodiment 1, wherein the flexible seal comprises an outermost layer adhesively attached to a layer of insulating material.

Embodiment 7 is an apparatus as in embodiment 1, wherein the assembled structure of the flexible heat sink seal may be a final assembly as shown in fig. 8. In a particular embodiment, as shown in figure 7, the innermost layer 13 is a hydrocolloid and the second layer 12 is an elastic restraining film of liquid gel. The third layer 23 is a paste-like substance-filled layer. The fourth layer 22 is an elastic constraining film of petrolatum. The specific method comprises the following steps: firstly, a roughly spherical impermeable elastic film cavity 12 is prepared, air is injected into the cavity to expand the cavity into a roughly spherical shape, then glue is coated on the surface of the film 12 along a circular line, and attention needs to be paid to the fact that the adhesive is solvent-type so as to prevent the elastic film from being corroded and damaged. The air is then released and then nested into another elastic film cavity 22 (which is inserted into the elastic film cavity from the opening of the elastic film 22) to ensure that the injection port 11 of the film 12 can be exposed from the injection port 21 of the film 22, so that the injection ports of the two layers of spherical films are in a nested state. Then, by using the elongated tube, a mixture 23 of lipid material, magnesium silicate and pigment in a certain ratio of about 2 g is injected from the outside of the opening 11 to the inside of the opening 21 toward the bottom of the cavity 22. The endothermic gel 13 is then injected into the inner film chamber 12 from within the opening 11. The seals are then sealed (glued and knotted) at 10 and 20, taking care that the seal should be a zero-pressure seal without air gaps or a slightly positive pressure seal, as far as possible to avoid air inclusions. Then the 12 and 22 membranes are pressed tightly, and before the film is tightly stuck, the air in the petrolatum interlayer 23 should be exhausted as much as possible.

Embodiment 8 is an apparatus according to embodiment 7, wherein the flexible insulating filler material is formulated from petrolatum, i.e., petrolatum, magnesium silicate (commonly known as talc), and pigment. Synthetic hydrogenated vegetable oils and animal fats with added preservatives may also be substituted.

Embodiment 9 is an apparatus according to embodiment 1, wherein the flexible heat-absorbing seal is configured as a version with a cold storage compartment: one end is a sphere contacting with human skin, the other end is a cylinder, and the middle is a slender cylinder communicated with each other. As shown in fig. 9.

Embodiment 10 the flexible sealing body according to embodiment 5, wherein a portion of the side of the flexible sealing body contacting with the ear of the person is clamped inside the retaining plate in a snap-fit manner, and one side of the cold storage compartment is extended out from the opening of the retaining plate and bent upward to be arranged along the arc-shaped head-wearing member and fixed outside the arc-shaped head-wearing member. As shown in fig. 10.

Embodiment 11 is an apparatus according to embodiment 1, wherein the retainer plate can be metal, ceramic, rubber, wood, or plastic. The retainer plate or a portion thereof may be made by an additive manufacturing process (commonly referred to as 3D printing).

Embodiment 12 is an apparatus according to embodiment 1, wherein the headband is stamped and cold rolled from metal.

Embodiment 13 is the apparatus of embodiment 1, wherein the composite flexible heat absorber is removably attached to the headgear and the retainer plate. For replacement.

Embodiment 14 is a kit comprising a miniature loop ear pillow and a bungee cord. Used for assisting in fixing the device to wear.

Embodiment 15 is a kit of parts, a silicone sheath, for wrapping around the headband to reduce the stethoscope effect of the product.

Examples

Preparation of composite flexible heat-absorbing sealing body

Cold storage gel of the inner layer of the flexible body. The main substances prepared are water, hydrophilic high molecular additive, metal salt and pigment capable of forming polymer with the additive. The polymer additive can be selected from two or more of sodium polyacrylate, acrylate, starch, polyacrylamide, sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate. Mixing water, high molecular additive capable of forming polymer with water, metal salt and pigment in certain proportion, stirring and standing. Air bubbles should be prevented from being mixed as much as possible during stirring. Then the mixed glue solution is injected into a cavity formed by the elastic film to be packaged, and finally the packaging is carried out. (the encapsulation of the film may be by thermal bonding, such as ultrasonic thermal bonding, or by other means such as gluing or knotting, or by a combination of both to improve the seal integrity and reliability of the encapsulation.)

Single value rating (SNR) test

The present product, dominated by the flexible heat absorber prepared according to embodiment 6, was tested for individual value rating (SNR) substantially according to the method outlined in ISO standard 4896-2. Each type of prototype of the working example was tested on at least eight volunteers to obtain an average SNR of 31 dB. The present product, based on the flexible heat absorber prepared according to example 4, was tested for single value rating (SNR) to obtain an average SNR of 31dB

While the invention has been described in detail in connection with only a limited number of examples, it should be readily understood that the invention is not limited to such disclosed embodiments. The particular illustrative components, structures, features, details, etc., disclosed herein can be modified and combined in numerous embodiments to incorporate any number of variations, alterations, substitutions or equivalent arrangements not heretofore described, but which are commensurate with the spirit and scope of the inventive concept. Thus, the scope of the invention should not be limited to the specific illustrative structures and configurations of elements described herein. In addition, while various theories and possible mechanisms are discussed herein, such discussion should not be used in any way to limit the legal claims which can be claimed within their scope.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an ear stifled silencing device which characterized in that ear stifled main part, includes roughly curved elasticity head-mounted, keeps off the layer board, compound flexible heat absorption seal, ring ear pillow and fixed rope external member.

2. The ear plugging silencing device according to claim 1, wherein the flexible heat absorption seal is configured as a substantially spherical body having a two-layer structure, an inner layer being a liquid and an outer layer being one or more impermeable elastic membranes.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the flexible heat-absorbing sealing body is formed by a multi-layer film nested and compounded with a sandwich layer, the sandwich layer is filled with a grease mixture as a heat insulation layer, and the innermost layer is filled with a liquid.

4. The ear plugging silencing device according to claim 1, wherein the flexible heat absorbing seal body is configured as a two-part structure having an elongated channel communicating therebetween, the interior of the two-part structure being filled with a liquid.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the flexible heat-absorbing seal is configured as a substantially spherical body having a double-layer structure, and a whisker-like cavity is extended and protruded from a portion of the spherical surface of the body, and the interior of the body is filled with a liquid.

6. The ear plugging silencing device of claim 1, wherein the liquid encapsulated in the flexible heat absorbing sealing body is an anti-freezing hydrophilic gel, and is prepared by mixing two or more selected from sodium polyacrylate, acrylate, starch, polyacrylamide, sodium alginate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, etc., with water, metal salt, and pigment.

7. The device of claim 1, comprising a micro-ring ear pillow for assisting in wearing during sleep.