CN111504372A - An experimental device for analyzing the assembly relationship of electrical connector contacts and an experimental method based on the experimental device - Google Patents

Abstract

An experimental device for analyzing the assembly relationship of electrical connector contacts and an experimental method based on the experimental device relate to the fields of scientific instruments and electrical materials. The present invention is to conduct experiments on the contact characteristic parameters of the electrical connector. The electric sliding table and the two three-dimensional sliding tables of the present invention are both fixed on the upper surface of the base, the pin fixture is fixed on the sliding end face of the electric sliding table, and the pin force sensor is used to detect the tested pin test piece and the tested jack The insertion force between the specimens, the corner stage is fixed on the sliding end of a three-dimensional slide table, the socket clamp is fixed on the movable end of the corner stage, the bracket is fixed on the sliding end of another three-dimensional slide table, and the motor The pusher is directly aligned with the predetermined position on the tested socket, and is used to push the tested socket. The laser displacement sensor is used to collect the deformation of the outer wall of the tested socket. The socket force sensor is used to detect the tested socket. The contact positive pressure of the test jack test piece, and the industrial camera is used to capture the image of the test pin test piece and the test socket test piece.

Description

An experimental device for analyzing the assembly relationship of electrical connector contacts and an experimental device based on the Experimental method of the experimental device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of scientific instruments and electrical materials, in particular to an experimental device for assembling contact pieces of electrical connectors.

Background technique

With the development of aerospace engineering and electronic communication engineering, electrical connectors are used more and more widely in systems as basic components for transmitting electrical signals and electrical energy. The connection function of the electrical connector is realized by the contacts (pins, jacks) integrated in the insulator of the electrical connector. The reliability of the contact performance of the contacts directly affects the reliability of the entire system. The reliability of the contact depends on many factors such as the design, process, manufacturing, management, raw material performance and working environment of the contact. Therefore, analyzing the influence of the structure of the contacts on the assembly relationship, the contact situation and the contact reliability is of great significance for improving the reliability of the electrical connector.

However, the research on the influence of the contact structure on the assembly relationship, contact situation and reliability, as well as the change of the insertion force of the contact during the insertion and extraction process are still mainly concentrated in theoretical analysis, simulation calculation analysis and other methods, and there is no relevant research. The experimental device and method of contact characteristic parameters (insertion force, socket deformation, contact positive pressure, friction coefficient, contact area, contact resistance).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is to conduct experiments on the contact characteristic parameters of the electrical connector, and now provides an experimental device for analyzing the assembly relationship of the contacts of the electrical connector and an experimental method based on the experimental device.

An experimental device for analyzing the assembly relationship of electrical connector contacts, comprising: a base, an electric slide, a pin fixture, a pin force sensor, a bracket, an industrial camera, a socket fixture, a socket motor force sensor, an angle Position stage, two 3D slides, laser displacement sensor and motor;

The electric slide and the two three-dimensional slides are fixed on the upper surface of the base, and the pin fixture is fixed on the sliding end face of the electric slide. The pin fixture is used to fix the tested pin specimen, and the electric slide can drive the tested pin. The pin test piece reciprocates along its axis, the pin force sensor is used to detect the insertion force between the tested pin test piece and the tested socket test piece, and the corner table is fixed on the sliding end face of a three-dimensional sliding table , the socket fixture is fixed on the movable end of the corner table, the socket fixture is used to fix the tested socket test piece, the bracket is fixed on the sliding end face of another three-dimensional slide table, and is used to support the motor, the pusher of the motor is The predetermined position on the tested jack test piece is directly opposite and is used to push the tested jack test piece. The predetermined position is the midpoint of the hole depth of the tested jack test piece. The laser displacement sensor is used to collect the tested jack test piece. The deformation of the outer wall of the hole test piece, the jack force sensor is used to detect the contact positive pressure of the tested socket test piece, and the industrial camera is used to collect the dynamics of the tested pin test piece and the tested socket test piece during the plugging and unplugging process. image.

The experimental method based on the above-mentioned experimental device includes the following steps:

Step 1: Axially cut the test piece of the jack under test, the remaining part of the cross section is arc, and the arc of the arc is less than 180°, and then separate the test pin test piece and the test jack test piece. Fixed on the pin fixture and jack fixture;

Step 2: Start the motor so that the pusher of the motor pushes the predetermined position of the socket under test, the predetermined position is the midpoint of the depth of the inner wall of the socket under test, and at the same time, use the socket force sensor to detect the socket under test. The positive pressure F of the hole specimen when it is not plugged or unplugged is used to detect the deformation δ ₁ of the outer wall of the tested socket test piece without plugging or unplugged by using a laser displacement sensor, and the stiffness K of the tested socket test piece can be obtained according to the following formula:

F=Kδ ₁ ;

Step 3: Adjust the three-dimensional slide table and the corner table below the jack fixture until the axis of the tested pin specimen displayed in the industrial camera coincides with the axis of the tested jack specimen;

Step 4: Start the electric sliding table, so that the plug-in test piece under test and the socket test piece under test are inserted and pulled out. The insertion force F _i between the two, the positive pressure F _n when the tested jack is inserted and removed is detected by the jack force sensor, and the deformation δ of the outer wall of the tested jack is detected by the laser displacement sensor. The friction factor μ between the pin test piece under test and the jack test piece under test is obtained by the following formula:

F _t = μF _n

Wherein, F _t is the friction force between the tested pin test piece and the tested jack test piece, and F _t = _Fi ;

Step 5: Stop the electric slide to separate the pin test piece under test from the jack test piece under test, use an industrial camera to capture the image of the inner wall of the jack test piece under test, and obtain the test jack test piece according to the image. The friction surface characteristics and friction area of the parts;

Step 6: Adjust the three-dimensional slide table and angular stage below the socket fixture until the axis of the tested pin specimen displayed in the industrial camera and the axis of the tested socket specimen produce an included angle α≠0, and repeat steps 4 and 4 Fifth, when α≠0 is obtained, the deformation of the outer wall, the insertion force, the friction force, the friction factor, the friction surface characteristics and the friction area of the tested jack specimen when it is inserted and withdrawn.

An experimental device for analyzing the assembly relationship of electrical connector contacts and an experimental method based on the experimental device according to the present invention realize real-time observation and measurement of contact characteristic parameters in the process of plugging and unplugging of contacts. , can quantitatively confirm the influence of contact design parameters, assembly size parameters, material coating process parameters on the reliability of electrical connectors, and can fundamentally understand the reasons for the low plugging life of electrical connectors and related electrical contact failures.

In addition, the experimental device for analyzing the assembly relationship of electrical connector contacts is convenient to replace the contact pin and socket test pieces, and can be used to study and determine the best matching combination of electrical contact characteristics of their materials .

Description of drawings

1 is a front view of an experimental device for analyzing the assembly relationship of electrical connector contacts according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a radial cross-section when the pin test piece to be tested is inserted into the socket test piece to be tested;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an axial cross-section when α≠0, when the pin test piece to be tested is inserted into the socket test piece to be tested.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: This embodiment is described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. An experimental device for analyzing the assembly relationship of electrical connector contacts described in this embodiment includes: a base 1, an electric slide 2, Pin fixture 3 , pin force sensor 4 , bracket 7 , industrial camera 8 , socket fixture 9 , socket motor force sensor 10 , corner stage 11 , two three-dimensional slide tables 12 , laser displacement sensor 13 and motor 14 .

A space Cartesian coordinate system XYZ is established, in which the surface of the base 1 is taken as the XY plane.

The electric sliding table 2 and the two three-dimensional sliding tables 12 are both fixed on the upper surface of the base 1. The sliding end of the electric sliding table 2 can slide back and forth along the X-axis direction, and the sliding end of the three-dimensional sliding table 12 can move along the three directions of X, Y, and Z. Reciprocating sliding in each direction; such a design can precisely adjust the position of the socket test piece 6 to be tested, and realize the controllable radial offset of the axis of the pin test piece 5 to be tested and the socket test piece 6 to be tested. The pin fixture 3 is fixed on the sliding end of the electric slide table 2, and the pin fixture 3 is used to fix the test pin test piece 5, so that the electric slide table 2 can drive the test pin test piece 5 to reciprocate along the X axis, The pin test piece 5 to be tested is connected to the pin fixture 3 through the pin force sensor 4, so that the pin force sensor 4 can be used to detect the plugging and unplugging between the pin test piece 5 to be tested and the socket test piece 6 to be tested. force.

The corner stage 11 is fixed on the sliding end of a three-dimensional slide table 12, the corner stage 11 is provided with a circular arc guide rail and an adjustment knob on the XY plane, and the movable end of the corner stage 11 can swing in the XY plane, so the structure can Accurately adjust the angular position of the tested jack test piece 6 to realize the controllable angle α≠0 between the tested pin test piece 5 and the tested jack test piece 6; end, the jack clamp 9 is used to fix the jack test piece 6 to be tested.

The bracket 7 is fixed on the sliding end of the other three-dimensional sliding table 12 and is used to support the motor 14; the pusher of the motor 14 is facing the predetermined position on the test socket 6 to be tested, and is used to push the plug to be tested. The hole test piece 6, the predetermined position is the midpoint of the hole depth of the tested socket test piece 6, that is, the center of the tested socket test piece 6, and the laser displacement sensor 13 is used to collect the outer wall of the tested socket test piece 6 deformation, the jack force sensor 10 is used to detect the contact positive pressure of the jack test piece 6 under test.

The industrial camera 8 is used to collect images of the pin test piece 5 to be tested and the jack test piece 6 to be tested, including the dynamic images of the two during the plugging and unplugging process and the image of the inner wall of the socket test piece 6 to be tested during non-plugging and unplugging. .

In the above connection relationship, between the socket fixture 9 and the tested socket test piece 6, between the pin fixture 3 and the tested pin test piece 5, between the corner table 11 and the three-dimensional slide table 12, the socket fixture 9 and the corner table 11, and between the bracket 7 and the motor 14 are all screw connections.

The surface of the pusher head of the motor 14 is a smooth spherical surface with a radius of curvature of 1 mm, and the pusher head is made of a material with the greatest possible rigidity. When the motor 14 is activated, the jack test piece 6 to be tested can be pushed by the pusher to deform it.

Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment is described in detail with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4. This embodiment is an experimental method based on the experimental device of the specific embodiment, including the following steps:

Step 1: Axially cut the jack test piece 6 to be tested, and the remaining part of the cross section is arc-shaped, and the arc of the arc is less than 180°, so that the industrial camera 8 can be easily used to rub the contacts after plugging and unplugging. The surface features and friction area are observed; then the tested pin test piece 5 and the tested socket test piece 6 are fixed on the pin fixture 3 and the socket fixture 9 respectively.

Step 2: Adjust the three-dimensional slide table 12 under the motor 14 so that the pusher of the motor 14 is directly opposite to the predetermined position on the socket test piece 6 to be tested, and the predetermined position is the middle of the depth of the inner wall of the socket test piece 6 to be tested. At the point; start the motor 14 so that the pusher of the motor 14 pushes the predetermined position of the jack test piece 6 under test, and at the same time, use the jack force sensor 10 to detect the positive pressure F when the jack test piece 6 under test is not plugged or unplugged, and use The laser displacement sensor 13 detects the deformation δ ₁ of the outer wall of the jack specimen 6 under test when it is not plugged or unplugged, and obtains the stiffness K of the jack specimen 6 under test according to the following formula:

F=Kδ ₁ .

Step 3: Adjust the three-dimensional slide table 12 and the corner table 11 under the socket fixture 9 until the axis of the pin test piece 5 to be tested and the axis of the socket test piece 6 to be tested coincide with each other, that is, the two The axis angle α=0.

Step 4: Start the electric slide table 2, so that the plug-in test piece 5 to be tested and the socket-to-socket test piece 6 are inserted and pulled out. 6 can be completely inserted or pulled out; at the same time, use the pin force sensor 4 to detect the insertion force F _i between the tested pin test piece 5 and the tested jack test piece 6, and use the jack force sensor 10 to detect The positive pressure F _n when the socket test piece 6 under test is inserted and withdrawn is used to detect the deformation δ of the outer wall of the socket test piece 6 under test when it is inserted and withdrawn by using the laser displacement sensor 13 . Friction factor μ between test sockets 6:

F _t = μF _n

Wherein, F _t is the friction force between the tested pin test piece 5 and the tested socket test piece 6 , and F _t =F _i .

Step 5: Stop the electric slide 2, separate the pin test piece 5 to be tested from the socket test piece 6 to be tested, and use the industrial camera 8 to capture the image of the inner wall of the socket test piece 6 to be tested, and use the The maximum inter-class variance segmentation algorithm obtains the friction surface characteristics and friction area of the tested jack specimen 6;

Step 6: Adjust the three-dimensional slide table 12 and the angle stage 11 under the jack fixture 9 until the axis of the tested pin test piece 5 displayed in the industrial camera 8 and the axis of the tested jack test piece 6 produce an included angle α≠0 , Repeat steps 4 and 5 to obtain α≠0, the deformation, insertion force, friction force, friction factor, friction surface characteristics and friction area of the outer wall of the tested socket 6 when plugging and unplugging.

In the process of the above experiment, a constant current of 100mA is applied to the tested pin test piece 5 and the tested jack test piece 6 at the same time, and an external four-wire method loop can be measured to measure the tested pin test piece during the plugging and unplugging process. 5 and the dynamic contact resistance between the jack test piece 6 under test.

The above two embodiments are used to study the influence of the contact structure on the assembly relationship, contact situation and reliability, adjust the position of the contact test piece through the hardware structure, set parameters, realize the contact plugging and unplugging process, and combine The laser displacement sensor obtains the deformation of the jack specimen during the plugging and unplugging process, and combines the industrial camera to obtain the friction surface characteristics and friction area of the contact piece, and obtains and compares different contact piece materials. The influence of parameters such as the included angle α of the contact axis and the radial offset of the axis s on the contact condition and reliability of the contact is compared.

Claims (8)

1. An experimental apparatus for analyzing the fitting relationship of electrical connector contacts, comprising: the device comprises a base (1), electric sliding tables (2), a pin fixture (3), a pin force sensor (4), a support (7), an industrial camera (8), a jack fixture (9), a jack motor force sensor (10), an angular position table (11), two three-dimensional sliding tables (12), a laser displacement sensor (13) and a motor (14);

the electric sliding table (2) and the two three-dimensional sliding tables (12) are fixed on the upper surface of the base (1),

the pin fixture (3) is fixed on the sliding end surface of the electric sliding table (2), the pin fixture (3) is used for fixing a tested pin test piece (5), the electric sliding table (2) can drive the tested pin test piece (5) to reciprocate along the axis of the electric sliding table, the pin force sensor (4) is used for detecting the insertion and extraction force between the tested pin test piece (5) and the tested jack test piece (6),

the angle table (11) is fixed on the sliding end surface of a three-dimensional sliding table (12), the jack clamp (9) is fixed at the movable end of the angle table (11), the jack clamp (9) is used for fixing the tested jack test piece (6),

the support (7) is fixed on the sliding end face of another three-dimensional sliding table (12) and is used for supporting the motor (14), the push head of the motor (14) is right opposite to a preset position on the tested jack test piece (6) and is used for pushing the tested jack test piece (6), the preset position is a middle point of the hole depth of the tested jack test piece (6), the laser displacement sensor (13) is used for acquiring the deformation of the outer wall of the tested jack test piece (6), the jack force sensor (10) is used for detecting the contact positive pressure of the tested jack test piece (6),

the industrial camera (8) is used for acquiring dynamic images of the tested pin test piece (5) and the tested jack test piece (6) in the plugging process.

2. The experimental device for analyzing the assembling relation of the contact element of the electric connector according to claim 1, wherein the jack clamp (9) is in threaded connection with the tested jack test piece (6), the pin clamp (3) is in threaded connection with the tested pin test piece (5), the angle table (11) is in threaded connection with the three-dimensional sliding table (12), the jack clamp (9) is in threaded connection with the angle table (11), and the bracket (7) is in threaded connection with the motor (14).

3. An experimental apparatus for analyzing the fitting relationship of electrical connector contacts according to claim 1, wherein the pusher surface of the motor (14) is spherical and has a radius of curvature of 1 mm.

4. The experimental method based on the experimental device of claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: axially cutting the tested jack test piece (6), wherein the reserved part of the cross section is arc-shaped, the radian of the arc is less than 180 degrees, and then fixing the tested contact pin test piece (5) and the tested jack test piece (6) on the contact pin clamp (3) and the jack clamp (9) respectively;

step two: starting the motor (14) to enable the push head of the motor (14) to push a preset position of the tested jack test piece (6), wherein the preset position is the midpoint of the depth of the inner wall of the tested jack test piece (6), meanwhile, detecting the positive pressure F when the tested jack test piece (6) is not plugged by using the jack force sensor (10), and detecting the deformation of the outer wall when the tested jack test piece (6) is not plugged by using the laser displacement sensor (13)₁The rigidity K of the tested jack test piece (6) is obtained according to the following formula:

F＝K₁；

step three: adjusting a three-dimensional sliding table (12) and an angular position table (11) below the jack clamp (9) until the axis of the tested contact pin test piece (5) displayed in the industrial camera (8) is coincident with the axis of the tested jack test piece (6);

step four: starting the electric sliding table (2) to enable the tested contact pin test piece (5) and the tested jack test piece (6) to perform plugging and unplugging movement, and meanwhile, detecting plugging and unplugging force F between the tested contact pin test piece (5) and the tested jack test piece (6) by using the contact pin force sensor (4)_iThe positive pressure F of the tested jack test piece (6) during plugging is detected by using the jack force sensor (10)_nDetecting the deformation of the outer wall of the tested jack test piece (6) during plugging and unplugging by using a laser displacement sensor (13), and obtaining the friction factor mu between the tested contact pin test piece (5) and the tested jack test piece (6) according to the following formula:

F_t＝μF_n

wherein, F_tIs the friction force between the tested contact pin test piece (5) and the tested jack test piece (6), and F_t＝F_i；

Step five: stopping the electric sliding table (2), separating the tested contact pin test piece (5) from the tested jack test piece (6), collecting an image of the inner wall of the jack of the tested jack test piece (6) by using an industrial camera (8), and obtaining the friction surface characteristic and the friction area of the tested jack test piece (6) according to the image;

sixthly, adjusting the three-dimensional sliding table (12) and the angle table (11) below the jack clamp (9) until an included angle α formed between the axis of the tested pin test piece (5) displayed in the industrial camera (8) and the axis of the tested jack test piece (6) is not equal to 0, repeating the fourth step and the fifth step, and obtaining the deformation, the plugging force, the friction factor, the friction surface characteristics and the friction area of the outer wall when the tested jack test piece (6) is plugged and unplugged when α is not equal to 0.

5. The experimental method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the tested pin specimen (5) and the tested socket specimen (6) can be completely inserted or pulled out during the plugging process.

6. The experimental method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the friction surface characteristics and the friction area of the tested jack test piece (6) are obtained by using a maximum between class variance segmentation algorithm.

7. The experimental method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that during the experiment, a constant current of 100mA is applied to the pin test piece (5) and the socket test piece (6) to be tested for measuring the dynamic contact resistance between the pin test piece (5) and the socket test piece (6) to be tested during plugging.

8. The experimental method according to claim 4, wherein in the second step, the three-dimensional sliding table (12) below the motor (14) is firstly adjusted so that the pushing head of the motor (14) is opposite to the preset position on the tested jack test piece (6), and then the motor (14) is started.

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