CN111503956A - Comprehensive energy supply system in closed space and working method - Google Patents

Comprehensive energy supply system in closed space and working method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111503956A
CN111503956A CN202010279250.9A CN202010279250A CN111503956A CN 111503956 A CN111503956 A CN 111503956A CN 202010279250 A CN202010279250 A CN 202010279250A CN 111503956 A CN111503956 A CN 111503956A
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gas
outlet
heat exchanger
liquid
storage tank
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CN202010279250.9A
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CN111503956B (en
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蒋庆峰
陈育平
沈九兵
宋丹
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G7/00—Steam superheaters characterised by location, arrangement, or disposition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/011—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/07—Generating electrical power as side effect

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy comprehensive supply system in a closed space and a working method thereof, wherein the system comprises a cold energy recycling system, a fuel power generation system, a waste heat recycling system and a waste gas treatment system, and the cold energy recycling system comprises an L NG storage tank, a liquid oxygen storage tank, a CO storage tank2A gas-liquid separator and a low-temperature heat exchanger; the fuel power generation system comprises a mixing chamber, a gas engine and a main generator; the waste heat recovery system comprises a waste heat boilerA furnace and a power generation subsystem; the waste gas treatment system comprises a reheater connected with the outlet of the waste heat boiler. The working method of the invention is easy to realize CO2The liquefaction can greatly reduce the load of the refrigeration equipment and the power consumption. The system can adjust the cabin environment temperature, adjust the generated energy output of the device, and absorb and treat CO generated by personnel or equipment in the closed space2And the cold and heat demands of various aspects of users are met.

Description

Comprehensive energy supply system in closed space and working method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy supply system, in particular to an energy comprehensive supply system in a closed space and a working method.
Background
In many sealed and closed spaces, such as civil air defense engineering isolated in wartime, manned space closed cabins, conventional power submarines, underground life saving cabins and other closed spaces, continuous supply of energy including electric energy, heat energy and cold energy is an important problem to be solved urgently. However, since the energy stored in a general battery is limited, it is difficult to maintain a stable operation of power consuming devices including a power propulsion device, a life support system, a cabin environment conditioning system, and the like for a long period of time. In addition, because the enclosed space is required to have no heat and mass exchange with the external environment, the processes of fuel supply, energy conversion, waste gas treatment and the like are required to be a closed cycle.
L NG is a low-temperature liquid with a liquefaction point at-162 deg.C under normal pressure, and its main component is methane L NG has excellent combustion performance, and can use cold energy of gasification process to make waste gas after combustion and CO produced by respiration and metabolism of people2And (4) liquefying and storing. As a high-density oxygen storage mode, the liquid oxygen storage tank is often used as raw materials for thermal power generation, breathing oxygen supply and the like and can provide certain cold energy on the premise of oxygen generation by an electroless method and other processes. The closed cycle heat engine is adopted in a closed system, high-power and continuous energy output can be generated, but smoke generated by the heat engine comprises water vapor and CO2Unburned hydrocarbon fuel and oxygen. For discharged flue gas, water vapor is easy to condense and separate out, the concentration of oxygen is obviously reduced after the concentration of the carbon hydrogen is increased, the oxygen can be returned to the heat engine for continuous use, and CO is used2Need to be separated and stored efficiently. In addition, in the energy conversion process, the requirements of factors such as cabin environment regulation, waste heat recovery and utilization, cold load matching and the like need to be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in view of the above problems, the present invention is directed to an integrated energy supply system in a closed space. Another object of the invention is to provide a method of operation of the system.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an energy comprehensive supply system in a closed space, which comprises a cold energy recycling system, a fuel power generation system, a waste heat recycling system and a waste gas treatment system;
the cold energy recycling system comprises an L NG storage tank, a liquid oxygen storage tank and CO2A gas-liquid separator and a low-temperature heat exchanger, wherein the L NG storage tank, the liquid oxygen storage tank and the CO2The outlet end of the gas-liquid separator is respectively connected with the three inlet ends of the low-temperature heat exchanger, and the three outlet ends of the low-temperature heat exchanger are connected with the inlet end of the rewarming device;
the fuel power generation system comprises a mixing chamber connected with the outlet end of the rewarming device, a gas engine connected with the mixing chamber, and a main generator connected with the gas engine;
the waste heat recovery system comprises a waste heat boiler connected with the outlet end of the gas engine and a power generation subsystem for generating power by using waste heat of the waste heat boiler;
the waste gas treatment system comprises a reheater connected with an outlet of the waste heat boiler, a condensed water-gas-liquid separator connected with the reheater, a dryer connected with an outlet of the condensed water-gas-liquid separator and a gas compressor connected with an outlet of the dryer, wherein an outlet of the gas compressor is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger, an outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of the CO heat exchanger2Gas-liquid separator connected, said CO2A gas-liquid separator and the liquid CO2The inlet of the storage tank is connected.
The cold energy recycling system comprises a cold energy recycling bypass, the cold energy recycling bypass comprises an air-cooled radiator connected with an outlet of the rewarming device, a first water pump connected with an outlet of the air-cooled radiator, and an outlet of the first water pump is connected with an inlet of the rewarming device.
Be provided with the turbo charger between the oxygen exit end of rewarming ware and the mixing chamber, the oxygen exit end of rewarming ware with the supercharging end of turbo charger is connected, gas engine's gas outlet end with the expansion end of turbo charger links to each other.
The power generation subsystem comprises a superheater, an evaporator and an economizer which are arranged in the waste heat boiler; the inlet end of the economizer is connected with a water feeding pump, the outlet end of the economizer is connected with the liquid inlet end of a steam drum, the steam-water outlet end of the steam drum is connected with the inlet end of an evaporator, the outlet end of the evaporator is connected with the steam-water inlet end of the steam drum, the steam outlet end of the steam drum is connected with the inlet end of a superheater, the outlet end of the superheater is connected with the inlet end of a steam turbine, the steam turbine is coaxially connected with a waste heat generator, the outlet end of the steam turbine is connected with the inlet end of a condenser, and the outlet end of the condenser is connected with the inlet end of the water feeding.
The low temperature heat exchanger and CO2A pressure reducing valve is arranged between the gas-liquid separators.
A L NG pump is arranged between the outlet of the L NG storage tank and the inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger.
In a preferred embodiment, the high-temperature equipment and the low-temperature equipment and the connecting pipeline in the high-temperature equipment and the low-temperature equipment are required to be subjected to heat preservation and insulation measures to prevent cold or heat loss.
The working method of the comprehensive energy supply system in the closed space comprises the following steps:
l NG storage tank and liquid oxygen storage tank are led into the cryogenic heat exchanger to release the cold energy of the liquefied natural gas and the liquid oxygen and the CO in the waste gas led into the cryogenic heat exchanger2Heat exchange is carried out;
step (b): the liquefied natural gas and the liquid oxygen flowing out of the low-temperature heat exchanger are further subjected to heat exchange with the waste gas introduced into the reheater through the reheater, so that the cold energy is further released, and meanwhile, the cold energy is used for cooling the chilled water in the air-cooled radiator;
step (c): CO from low temperature heat exchanger2CO in gas-liquid separator2The gas phase being partly passed throughOver CO2The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator enters a low-temperature heat exchanger, and CO2The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is used for discharging liquid CO2Feeding liquid CO2A storage tank;
step (d): after the temperature of the mixed gas in the rewarming device is raised, the mixed gas is sent into a mixing chamber to be mixed, and power is generated through a fuel power generation system;
a step (e): the high-temperature waste gas outlet of the gas engine is communicated with a waste heat boiler, after the waste heat is further utilized by the power generation subsystem for power generation, the waste gas is sent into CO after further heat exchange through a reheater and a low-temperature heat exchanger2A gas-liquid separator.
The system has the advantages that (1) the system comprises a cold energy recycling system, a fuel power generation system, a waste heat recycling system and a waste gas treatment system, is a set of energy supply device which comprehensively utilizes cold energy of low-temperature liquid, combustion heat value of fuel and waste heat and heat energy of waste gas, and has the advantages of reasonable energy load matching, long-term high-efficiency stable energy supply, high thermal efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like, (2) the supply system is suitable for closed spaces such as civil defense projects, conventional power submarines, underground life-saving cabins and the like which are isolated in wartime, can condense and treat combusted waste gas, balances cold and heat energy matching in various aspects of the system, and is free of heat exchange with the external environment, (3) the system fully utilizes the gasification cold energy and combustion heat energy of L and liquid oxygen, reduces the cold loss of liquid low-temperature fuel, can generate high-power and continuous energy output through a closed cycle heat engine, is particularly suitable for closed spaces with vigorous energy requirements for energy, and (4) the system can independently operate on electric energy, mechanical energy, heat energy, and heat energy consumption of external transportation are greatly improved, and the system can be used for comprehensive utilization, and the system can provide corresponding comprehensive utilization of the cooling water, and the comprehensive utilization, and the invention has the comprehensive utilization of the comprehensive utilization, and the comprehensive utilization of the cooling water utilization, and the comprehensive utilization of the cooling energy utilization of the invention, and the invention can provide the invention, and the invention can provide the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an integrated energy supply system in an enclosed space according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the integrated energy supply system in a closed space according to the present invention includes a cold energy recovery and utilization system 10, a fuel power generation system 20, a waste heat recovery system 30, and an exhaust gas treatment system 40.
The cold energy recycling system 10 comprises L NG storage tank 101, liquid oxygen storage tank 102, and CO2Gas-liquid separator 103, low-temperature heat exchanger 104, L NG storage tank 101, liquid oxygen storage tank 102, and CO2Gas-liquid separator 103 (CO)2The gas-liquid separator 103 contains oxygen and unliquefied CO as main components2Etc.) are connected to three inlet ends of a cryogenic heat exchanger 104 (the cryogenic heat exchanger 104 and L NG storage tank 101, liquid oxygen storage tank 102, and CO described in the present embodiment), respectively2The outlet ends of the gas-liquid separator 103 are respectively communicated with an outlet I, an outlet II and an outlet III of the low-temperature heat exchanger 104), as shown in fig. 1, three outlet ends of the low-temperature heat exchanger 104 (likewise, the outlet ends of the low-temperature heat exchanger 104 are separately arranged) are connected with the inlet end of the rewarming device 105, and a L NG pump 106 is arranged between the outlet of the L NG storage tank 101 and the inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 104.
In fact, in the present embodiment, the plurality of paths for connecting the low temperature heat exchanger 104 and the reheater 105 are implemented by the plurality of inlets and outlets provided on the reheater 105, and for convenience of distinction, the inlets and outlets on the low temperature heat exchanger 104 and the reheater 105 are labeled in the present embodiment, and the labeling is only for explaining the technical solution of the present invention, and is not a limitation on a specific positional relationship.
As an alternative embodiment, the cold fluid L NG from the L NG storage tank 101 passes through the outlet v of the cryogenic heat exchanger 104 and then enters the recuperator 105 through the inlet ② of the recuperator 105, and enters the mixing chamber 201 from the outlet ⑧ of the recuperator 105;the cryogenic fluid delivered from the liquid oxygen storage tank 102 passes through the outlet VI of the cryogenic heat exchanger 104 and then enters the recuperator 105 through the inlet ③ of the recuperator 105, from the outlet ⑤ of the recuperator 105 into the mixing chamber 201, and CO2The gas phase part sent out by the gas-liquid separator 103 passes through an outlet VII of the low-temperature heat exchanger 104 and then enters an inlet ④ of the reheater 105, and enters the mixing chamber 201 from an outlet ⑥ of the reheater 105.
The cold energy recycling system 10 comprises a cold energy recycling bypass, the cold energy recycling bypass comprises an air-cooled radiator 107 connected with an outlet of the rewarming device 105, a first water pump 108 connected with an outlet of the air-cooled radiator 107, and an outlet of the first water pump 108 is connected with an inlet of the rewarming device 105.
In an alternative embodiment, the outlet of the first water pump 108 is in communication with the inlet ① of the recuperator 105 and the inlet of the air-cooled radiator 107 in the cold energy recovery bypass is in communication with the outlet ⑦ of the recuperator 105.
From the above description, it can be seen that the cold energy recycling system in this embodiment comprises three parts, the first part is the cold energy for releasing lng and liquid oxygen for liquefying and recycling CO in the exhaust gas2(ii) a The second part is to further release the cold energy of the liquefied natural gas and the liquid oxygen to provide cooling for the chilled water in the air-cooled radiator 107, so as to regulate the ambient temperature in the closed space; the third part is the recovery of the CO2The cooling energy of the gas phase portion in the gas-liquid separator 103 increases the intake air temperature before it enters the mixing chamber 201.
The fuel power generation system 20 includes a mixing chamber 201 connected to an outlet end of the reheater 105, a gas engine 202 connected to the mixing chamber 201, and a main generator 203 connected to the gas engine 202. In this embodiment, the mixed gas flows out through the three outlet ports on the right side of the rewarming device 105 shown in fig. 1 and enters the mixing chamber 201 together, and the mixed gas includes natural gas, oxygen and the CO2In the gas-liquid separator 103, the mixed gas is mixed in the mixing chamber 201 and then connected to the gas engine 202, the mixed gas is combusted in the gas engine 202 (the combustion is oxygen-enriched combustion), and the main generator 203 is coaxially connected to the gas engine 202.
In an alternative embodiment, a turbocharger 204 is arranged between the oxygen outlet end of the reheater 105 and the mixing chamber 201, the oxygen outlet end of the reheater 105 is connected with the left pressurizing end of the turbocharger 204, the gas outlet end of the gas engine 202 is connected with the expansion end of the turbocharger 204, the components of the mixed gas are in a certain high-pressure state, wherein the natural gas is pressurized by the L NG pump 106, the oxygen is pressurized by the left pressurizing end of the turbocharger 204, and the CO is pressurized by the CO2The pressure of the gas phase portion in the gas-liquid separator 103 is controlled by a pressure reducing valve 405; the high-temperature exhaust gas after combustion is connected with the right expansion end of the exhaust gas turbocharger 204 through the outlet end of the gas engine 202, and the left supercharging end and the right expansion end of the turbocharger 204 are coaxially connected.
The waste heat recovery system 30 includes a waste heat boiler 301 connected to the outlet end of the gas engine 202 and a power generation subsystem for generating power by using the waste heat of the waste heat boiler 301, in this embodiment, the power generation subsystem includes a superheater 302, an evaporator 303 and an economizer 304 which are arranged in the waste heat boiler 301, the high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the superheater 302, the evaporator 303 and the economizer 304 in sequence, the inlet end of the economizer 304 is connected to the outlet end of a feed water pump 305, the outlet end of the economizer 304 is connected to the liquid inlet end of a steam drum 306, the steam-water outlet end of the steam drum 306 is connected to the inlet end of the evaporator 303, the outlet end of the evaporator 303 is connected to the steam-water inlet end of the steam drum 306, and the steam outlet end of the steam drum 306 is connected to the inlet end of the superheater 302, the outlet end of the superheater 302 is connected with the inlet end of a steam turbine 307, the steam turbine 307 is coaxially connected with a waste heat generator 308 (i.e. the waste heat generator 308 is coaxially connected with the steam turbine 307), the outlet end of the steam turbine 307 is connected with the inlet end of a condenser 309, and the outlet end of the condenser 309 is connected with the inlet end of a feed water pump 305.
The waste gas treatment system 40 comprises a reheater 105 connected with the outlet of the waste heat boiler 301, a condensed water-gas-liquid separator 401 connected with the reheater 105, a dryer 402 connected with the outlet of the condensed water-gas-liquid separator 401 and an outlet connected with the dryer 402The outlet of the gas compressor 403 is connected to the inlet of the cryogenic heat exchanger 104, and the outlet of the cryogenic heat exchanger 104 is connected to the CO2Gas-liquid separator 103 connected, CO2Gas-liquid separator 103 and liquid CO2The inlet of the storage tank 404 is connected, and the low-temperature heat exchanger 104 is connected with CO2A pressure reducing valve 405 is provided between the gas-liquid separators 103.
In an alternative embodiment, the outlet of the exhaust heat boiler 301 is connected to the inlet ⑨ of the reheater 105, the exhaust gas enters the reheater 105 through the outlet end of the exhaust heat boiler 301 and the right inlet ⑨ of the reheater 105, the outlet ⑩ of the left side of the reheater 105 is connected to the inlet end of the condensed water-gas-liquid separator 401, condensed water is discharged to the water storage tank through the liquid outlet of the condensed water-gas-liquid separator 401, the residual exhaust gas is dried by the outlet end of the condensed water-gas-liquid separator 401 and the dryer 18, the gas dried by the dryer 402 is compressed and expanded by the gas compressor 403 and then enters the cryogenic heat exchanger through the right inlet iv of the cryogenic heat exchanger 104, and the left outlet2The gas-liquid separator 103 is connected at the inlet end, wherein liquid CO2By CO2Liquid outlet of gas-liquid separator 103 and liquid CO2The storage tank 404 is connected, and the residual gas passes through CO2The outlet end of the gas-liquid separator 103 is connected with the inlet end of a reducing valve 405, and the outlet end of the reducing valve 405 is connected with a left inlet III of the low-temperature heat exchanger 104.
The high-temperature equipment and the low-temperature equipment and the connecting pipelines thereof involved in the embodiment are used as heat insulation measures to prevent cold or heat loss.
In this embodiment 1, an operating method of an integrated energy supply system in a closed space includes:
l NG storage tank 101 and liquid oxygen storage tank 102 are introduced into cryogenic heat exchanger 104 to release cold energy (L NG) of liquefied natural gas and liquid oxygen and CO in the exhaust gas introduced into cryogenic heat exchanger 1042Heat exchange is carried out;
step (b): the liquefied natural gas and the liquid oxygen flowing out from the cryogenic heat exchanger 104 pass through the reheater 105 and further react with CO in the exhaust gas introduced into the reheater 1052Heat exchange, further release of cold energy, and use of the heat in the air-cooled heat sink 107Cooling is provided by chilled water;
step (c): CO from the cryogenic heat exchanger 1042CO in the gas-liquid separator 1032The gas phase being partly passed over CO2The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 103 enters a low-temperature heat exchanger, CO2The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 103 discharges liquid CO2Feeding liquid CO2A storage tank 404;
step (d): after the temperature of the mixed gas in the rewarming device 105 is raised, the mixed gas is sent into the mixing chamber 201 to be mixed, and power is generated through the fuel power generation system 20;
a step (e): the high-temperature exhaust gas outlet of the gas engine 202 is communicated with the waste heat boiler 301, after power generation by the power generation subsystem further utilizes waste heat, the exhaust gas is sent to the CO after further heat exchange by the reheater 105 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 1042A gas-liquid separator 103.
Application example 1 referring to fig. 1, the comprehensive energy utilization device in the closed space mainly comprises three low-temperature storage tanks, namely the L NG storage tank 101 with the normal pressure of 0.1Mpa, the liquid oxygen storage tank 102 with the pressure of 0.2-0.3 Mpa and the liquid CO with the working pressure of about 0.9Mpa2The storage tank 404 is provided with three cold fluids and one hot fluid in the low-temperature heat exchanger 104 for heat exchange, the cold fluids are respectively L NG with the temperature of-162 ℃, pumped after being pressurized by the L NG pump 106, liquid oxygen with the temperature of-176 ℃ is pumped by the self pressure of the storage tank, and CO with the temperature of-45 DEG C2The gas phase portion in the gas-liquid separator 103 flows in, and the hot fluid is an off gas flowing out from the outlet end of the gas compressor 403. The cold energy of the three cold fluids is absorbed again by the reheater 105, so that cooling of 12-7 ℃ is provided for chilled water in the air-cooled radiator 107, the ambient temperature in the closed space is adjusted, cooling is provided for low-grade exhaust steam at the outlet of the exhaust-heat boiler 301, condensed water in the exhaust gas is separated out, and separation is realized in the condensed water-gas-liquid separator 401.
The three cold fluids reach similar temperatures in the rewarming device 105, and then respectively flow into the mixing chamber 201 to be mixed and then sprayed into the gas engine 202 for combustion, in order to improve the combustion efficiency, the mixing chamber 201 is pressurized and sprayed, wherein the natural gas is pressurized by an L NG pump 106 (L NG immersed pump), and oxygen is added into the natural gasThe gas is pressurized by the left pressurizing end of the turbocharger 204, CO2The pressure of the gas phase portion in the gas-liquid separator 103 is controlled by a pressure reducing valve 405, and the pressures of the three streams are close to each other when the three streams are injected into the mixing chamber.
The mixed gas is combusted and expanded in the gas engine 202, the gas volume is rapidly expanded to push a piston or an impeller to do work, and therefore a main generator 203 which is coaxially arranged drives a generator rotor to cut magnetic induction lines to generate electric energy.
The high-temperature waste gas after burning firstly passes through the right side expansion end of the turbocharger 204 to use the high-temperature waste gas to perform adiabatic expansion in the expander to do work externally to consume the internal energy of the gas, so that the pressure and the temperature of the high-temperature waste gas are reduced, and the oxygen is pressurized through the left side pressurizing end of the turbocharger 204 which is coaxially connected, and the capacity utilization efficiency of the part of the system is quite high.
Because the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the turbocharger 204 is still high, the waste of the part of energy can be caused by directly exchanging heat with the liquid fuel, and the part of energy contains the heat of the waste heat gas and the cold of the liquid fuel, so that the high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the superheater 302, the evaporator 303 and the economizer 304 in the waste heat boiler 301 in sequence, and the exhaust gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler 301 is low-grade exhaust steam with the temperature of 150-180 ℃. After the water in the waste heat recovery system 30 is pressurized by the second water pump 305, the water first enters the economizer 304, and the water absorbs heat in the economizer 304 and is heated to a temperature slightly lower than the saturation temperature of the drum pressure, and then enters the drum 306. After the water entering the steam drum 306 is mixed with the original saturated water, the water enters the evaporator 303 along a downcomer below the steam drum 306 to absorb heat and start to produce steam, and steam-water mixture flows in the evaporator 303. Steam enters the superheater 302 from the upper portion of the drum 306, and absorbs heat to turn saturated steam into superheated steam. The superheated steam drives a steam turbine 307 and generates electricity through a co-axially connected waste heat generator 308. The steam exhaust steam flows into a second water pump 305 after passing through a condenser 309 to complete the whole cycle.
As described above, after the temperature of the low-grade exhaust steam is reduced by the reheater 105, condensed water is separated out in the condensed water-gas-liquid separator 401 and further removed by the dryer 402Removing residual water. Is different from the traditional CO2The liquefaction process is to mix CO2The compression is carried out to 2.5-3.0 Mpa, and the system adopts L NG cold energy to easily realize CO2The low-grade exhaust steam is compressed to about 0.9MPa only by the gas compressor 403, so that the load of the refrigeration equipment can be greatly reduced, and the power consumption can be greatly reduced. The temperature of the compressed low-grade exhaust steam is reduced to about minus 45 ℃ through a low-temperature heat exchanger 104, wherein most CO2Is liquefied and passed over CO2The gas-liquid separator 103 realizes the separation and finally stores the liquid CO2In a storage tank 404, and CO2The gas-liquid separator 103 contains a gas phase portion (main component including oxygen and unliquefied CO)2Etc.) to recover its cold again, increasing the intake air temperature before it enters said mixing chamber 201.
The system can absorb and treat CO generated by personnel or equipment in the closed space according to the conditions such as adjusting the ambient temperature of the cabin, adjusting the output of the generated energy of the device and the like2And corresponding coping strategies are made by changing the technological parameters of the system flow according to the cold and heat demands of users in various aspects, so that the robustness is high.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (7)

1. The comprehensive energy supply system in the closed space is characterized by comprising a cold energy recycling system (10), a fuel power generation system (20), a waste heat recycling system (30) and a waste gas treatment system (40);
the cold energy recycling system (10) comprises an L NG storage tank (101), a liquid oxygen storage tank (102) and CO2A gas-liquid separator (103) and a low-temperature heat exchanger (104), the L NG storage tank (101) and the liquidOxygen storage tank (102) and CO2The outlet end of the gas-liquid separator (103) is respectively connected with three inlet ends of the low-temperature heat exchanger (104), and three outlet ends of the low-temperature heat exchanger (104) are connected with the inlet end of the rewarming device (105);
the fuel power generation system (20) comprises a mixing chamber (201) connected with the outlet end of the rewarming device (105), a gas engine (202) connected with the mixing chamber (201), and a main generator (203) connected with the gas engine (202);
the waste heat recovery system (30) comprises a waste heat boiler (301) connected with the outlet end of the gas engine (202) and a power generation subsystem for generating power by using waste heat of the waste heat boiler (301);
the waste gas treatment system (40) comprises a reheater (105) connected with an outlet of the waste heat boiler (301), a condensed water-gas-liquid separator (401) connected with the reheater (105), a dryer (402) connected with an outlet of the condensed water-gas-liquid separator (401), and a gas compressor (403) connected with an outlet of the dryer (402), wherein an outlet of the gas compressor (403) is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger (104), an outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger (104) is connected with an outlet of the CO2A gas-liquid separator (103), the CO2A gas-liquid separator (103) and the liquid CO2The inlet of the storage tank (404) is connected.
2. The comprehensive energy supply system in the enclosed space according to claim 1, wherein the cold energy recovery and utilization system (10) comprises a cold energy recovery bypass, the cold energy recovery bypass comprises an air-cooled radiator (107) connected with an outlet of the rewarming device (105), a first water pump (108) connected with an outlet of the air-cooled radiator (107), and an outlet of the first water pump (108) is connected with an inlet of the rewarming device (105).
3. The system for integrated energy supply in a closed space according to claim 1, wherein a turbocharger (204) is provided between the oxygen outlet end of the reheater (105) and the mixing chamber (201), the oxygen outlet end of the reheater (105) is connected to a pressure increasing end of the turbocharger (204), and the gas outlet end of the gas engine (202) is connected to an expansion end of the turbocharger (204).
4. The integrated energy supply system in a closed space according to claim 3, wherein the power generation subsystem comprises a superheater (302), an evaporator (303) and an economizer (304) arranged in the waste heat boiler (301); the inlet end of the economizer (304) is connected with a water feeding pump (305), the outlet end of the economizer (304) is connected with the liquid inlet end of a steam drum (306), the steam-water outlet end of the steam drum (306) is connected with the inlet end of an evaporator (303), the outlet end of the evaporator (303) is connected with the steam-water inlet end of the steam drum (306), the steam outlet end of the steam drum (306) is connected with the inlet end of the superheater (302), the outlet end of the superheater (302) is connected with the inlet end of a steam turbine (307), the steam turbine (307) is coaxially connected with a waste heat generator (308), the outlet end of the steam turbine (307) is connected with the inlet end of a condenser (309), and the outlet end of the condenser (309) is connected with the inlet end of the water feeding pump (305).
5. The system for the integrated supply of energy in a confined space according to claim 1 wherein the cryogenic heat exchanger (104) is in communication with the CO2A pressure reducing valve (405) is arranged between the gas-liquid separators (103).
6. The integrated energy supply system in a closed space according to claim 1, characterized in that a L NG pump (106) is provided between the outlet of the L NG storage tank (101) and the inlet of the cryogenic heat exchanger (104).
7. A method of operating an integrated energy supply system in an enclosed space according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
l NG storage tank (101) and liquid oxygen storage tank (102) are led into the cryogenic heat exchanger (104) to release the cold energy of the liquefied natural gas and the liquid oxygen and the CO in the waste gas led into the cryogenic heat exchanger (104)2Heat exchange is carried out;
step (b): the liquefied natural gas and the liquid oxygen flowing out of the low-temperature heat exchanger (104) pass through the reheater (105) and are further mixed with CO in the waste gas introduced into the reheater (105)2Heat exchange is carried out, the cold energy is further released, and meanwhile, the heat exchange is used for providing cooling for the chilled water in the air-cooled radiator (107);
step (c): CO from the low temperature heat exchanger (104)2CO in the gas-liquid separator (103)2The gas phase being partly passed over CO2The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator (103) enters a low-temperature heat exchanger, CO2The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator (103) discharges liquid CO2Feeding liquid CO2A storage tank (404);
step (d): after the temperature of the mixed gas in the rewarming device (105) is raised, the mixed gas is sent into a mixing chamber (201) to be mixed, and power is generated through a fuel power generation system (20);
a step (e): the high-temperature waste gas outlet of the gas engine (202) is communicated with the waste heat boiler (301), after the waste heat is further utilized by the power generation subsystem for power generation, the waste gas is sent into CO after further heat exchange through the rewarming (105) and the low-temperature heat exchanger (104)2A gas-liquid separator (103).
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20140139143A (en) * 2010-05-07 2014-12-05 대우조선해양 주식회사 System for Improving Power Generation Efficiency Using Waste Heat of Air Independent Propulsion of Submarine
CN105605828A (en) * 2016-01-14 2016-05-25 江苏大学 Waste heat and waste pressure type water source heat pump system applying boiler smoke waste heat
CN109838684A (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-06-04 集美大学 The use of underwater boat device exhaust gas and storage device and its method
CN110030086A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-07-19 西安交通大学 A kind of conventional submarine AIP system and working method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20140139143A (en) * 2010-05-07 2014-12-05 대우조선해양 주식회사 System for Improving Power Generation Efficiency Using Waste Heat of Air Independent Propulsion of Submarine
CN105605828A (en) * 2016-01-14 2016-05-25 江苏大学 Waste heat and waste pressure type water source heat pump system applying boiler smoke waste heat
CN109838684A (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-06-04 集美大学 The use of underwater boat device exhaust gas and storage device and its method
CN110030086A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-07-19 西安交通大学 A kind of conventional submarine AIP system and working method

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