CN1115022A - Energy-saving kiln furnace and its implement method-new glass technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The energy-saving kiln used in glass industry features that raw materials are made into bricks, which are loaded in a modified small furnace and a new heat-retaining chamber at its rear side, where they are preheated by heat from kiln wall and fume while they preheat fuel gas and air, and the preheated bricks are molten then in smelting area, thus saving energy and improving the quality of glass.

Description

Energy saving kiln and implementation method thereof---new glass technology

The present invention relates to the glass industry in the building materials industry, the glass industry in the electronics industry, the kiln specialty in metallurgy industry and other industry.

Existing all kinds of glass industry kiln, and the kiln of relevant this type of other industry all is to adopt by melting end, cooling end, operations for forming chamber, port, heating by the exhaust gases utilizes equipment, the space separation device, insulation of furnace wall and cooling infrastructure, the eliminating of waste gas and air blast auxiliary combustion equipment and kiln body steel frame construction etc. are partly formed, with the above-mentioned related feed system that also has batch, in original this class technology, it is to adopt batch charger that powder is dropped in the melting end of kiln pond that batch is supplied with, and workshop building is two-layer.With melting end, cooling end, operations for forming chamber, port ... be located in two layers Deng facility, and with waste gas heat utilization equipment, be located at bottom as regenerator etc., regenerator is provided in a side of below the melting furnaces in general, checker (also claiming checker brick) is arranged for changing fiery front and back in it, absorb respectively flue gas discharge with heat, and again this heat is passed to the coal gas in the fuel gas that regenerator thus passes through and the air of combustion-supporting usefulness etc.Therefore most of heat adds the thermal loss of other reason again by running away in the chimney, causes the thermal efficiency of melting furnaces to have only 15～30%, (individual other reaches 35%) therefore, existing technology is the "big tiger" of energy consumption, and investment is also big, production cost is also high.The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new energy saving kiln and implementation method thereof, it is to reach by following method, step and operation principle to realize saving energy and reduce the cost, improve the quality of products, improve melting rate, improve the uniformity of glass melts, and its output can improve significantly still after transforming existing kiln ... etc. purpose.

Divide two aspects to discuss below us:

(1) join the origin of respectively expecting checkers daughter 1, design:

The kiln energy consumption is very big, the energy savings aim that to be us conceive how, so, the starting point can only be: few energy consumption plays a part big, and fully recycles fume afterheat, therefore, improving batch, to go into the kiln temperature should be that an aspect-this point can make combustion gas consume less, but and ordinary production again.Be to reclaim fume afterheat-above body, work hard on the other hand at the lattice of regenerator.Associate in sum and whether can change checker into the batch brick, again can recovery waste heat, again batch is dropped in the melting end in kiln pond after the preheating more in addition simultaneously, realize that these methods will change present melting furnace structure, cancel original or partial cancellation, or do not cancel the regenerator of the bottom of (only increase in addition port regenerator) melting furnaces melting end and port, all or part of port air (or coal gas) regenerator that changes into, and increase port air (or coal gas) regenerator in addition { with port band regenerator, and in it during preheated air (coal gas), we are called for short port air (coal gas) regenerator) checker put within this new port air (or coal gas) regenerator is batch brick (powdery batch composite material adds or do not add the adhesive that does not influence end product quality and makes the brick section bar), be subjected in port air (or coal gas) regenerator angle of rake effect and progressively with the checker of batch brick, (outer end or title tail end away from melting furnaces add at far-end on the limit, dog-house at the drum place of near-end pushes in the melting end of kiln pond again, and the work that goes round and begins again is like this gone down.

2, implementation method and step:

A, cancellation or partial cancellation (or are not cancelled, only increasing in addition) the former regenerator of former port and melting furnaces below and all or part of (or only increasing in addition) port band regenerator or the upper and lower two-layer regenerator changed on horizontal plane in both sides of port go into a port etc.---be called for short the port regenerator

The batch charger and the dog-house of b, cancellation former melting end end, and can increase a pair of port in the end and with regenerator (distance of two ports as far as possible away from, the port of melting end both sides reduces a pair of simultaneously).

C, with melting furnaces by former port, melting end, cooling end, operations for forming chamber in two floor layout ... etc. all or part of (or only newly-increased port regenerator, do not change original regenerator), change into and be arranged in the bottom of one deck two layers of all or part of cancellations jointly.

D, with the former upper and lower layout of each port, air, gas passage and the following regenerator thereof of going into precombustion chamber again respectively changes on the horizontal plane with one deck, and certain vertical dip angle is arranged again, still have the port air regenerator (that is to say port and regenerator tightly join) of the angle of cut (vertical direction changes horizontal direction into) and port gas regenerator mutually and list the port precombustion chamber in again, or do not cancel original regenerator (or part is not cancelled), but increase port regenerator (just comprising port air regenerator and port gas regenerator during general designation) in addition.

The all or part of tongue wall that changes into vertically or still be arranged horizontally of former horizontally disposed tongue arch or still be the tongue arch in the e, port precombustion chamber.

Checker in f, the new port gas regenerator still is the checker of the refractory brick that should put originally or clay brick or high magnesium, chromium magnesium, chrome brick etc., or during because of technological requirement, also needs the structure that checker-the batch brick is the same with the port air regenerator.Or be connected with original regenerator again.

G, a pair of near fining end, or also put checker (be exactly do not establish the batch brick be checker) the samely or still be original structure with the port gas regenerator in the port air regenerator of two pairs of ports, regenerator is still below melting furnaces.

Be checker with the batch brick in h, all other or the part port air regenerator.

I, gather above, can divide following several situation:

The whether branch of cancellation situation entirely by former regenerator:

1, former regenerator cancel all changes port regenerator tail end into and links to each other with total air inlet duct (exhausting duct).

2, former regenerator partial cancellation changes all or part of port regenerator that increases in addition into, and its tail end is communicated with former regenerator, or part is communicated with, or part is not communicated with, after link to each other with total air inlet duct again.(change the fire back and just be exhausting duct).

3, former regenerator is not all cancelled, and all or part of port regenerator that increases in addition, and all or part of and former regenerator of its tail end is communicated with, after link to each other with total air inlet duct again (change the fire back and just be exhausting duct).

Be batch or be not the situation branch of batch brick by the checker in the port regenerator:

1, the checker in the port regenerator is to use the batch brick.

2, the checker in the port regenerator is not the batch brick.

Whether the tail end of pressing the port regenerator is communicated with the situation branch with former regenerator:

1, the tail end of port regenerator with reenter total air inlet duct after former regenerator is connected.

2, the tail end of port regenerator has not been connected with former regenerator with always air inlet duct is mutually direct-connected.

More than three kinds of sorting techniques we are selected for use any, this will depend on the fusing situation according to melting furnaces, produces the amplitude situation that improves, former melting furnace structure situation, be that old factory transforms, still newly-built situation, the situation of original factory building and produce required batch situation, fuel situation, and the various situations of people's problem of perception ... decide etc. various situations, this belongs to general current techique, so much more no longer I chatted.

3, implement the necessity and the possibility of this kind energy saving kiln and method thereof.

As everyone knows; the whole world is all made energy consumption at glass and is also accounted for 12%～25% of totle drilling cost grabbing very much energy savings (below draw from " glass " editorial office be " external novel glass melting furnaces and power-saving technology " in October, 1992 and the title of building China compiling); the national kiln energy consumption that has has reached nearly 1/3 the increasing the weight of along with energy crisis in the whole nation; the energy prices continuous rise; and the fact of global warming is compeled ... collected relevant new melting furnace structure emphatically Deng in the energy-conservation-above-listed book that forces us grab with the least delay possible; batch (raw material) pre-heating technique; the improvement technology of combustion control system and WHRS; and our invention just in time is the combination of above-mentioned three aspects, and its significance is considerable ...Much more no longer relevant necessity aspect we just chatted.

Relevant possibility aspect, we discuss (we also set about from above-mentioned three aspects) respectively:

1, realizes that batch preheating is no problem.

A, batch can be made brick, and general glass batch composition is:

Silica (SiO ₂) 71.30～72.15%

Aluminium oxide (Al ₂O ₃) 1.80～2.30%

Iron oxide (Fe ₂O ₃) 0.15～0.20%

Magnesia (MgO) 3.5～3.9%

Calcium oxide (CaO) 7.35～8.2%

Sodium oxide molybdena (Na ₂O) 14.25～14.70%

The adding of these compositions adds silica sand, sandstone, bitter lime stone, soda ash, saltcake and coal dust, lime stone, fluorite and realizes, these compositions can see that soda ash, saltcake are to meet water to form and contain the object of the crystallization water and lump.The operator of Yaohua Glass Works of Qinhuangdao City just knows from experience to some extent, and it is very hard that batch (raw material that mixes) is met water oneself formation piece.Calcium oxide, sodium oxide molybdena, magnesia also can burn till bulk, SiO ₂Powder in fine powder can account for SiO ₂About 10% of the total amount, the operation principle during also as burned brick.The raw material of above-mentioned several composition raises in temperature can form block object entirely.Building materials office Qinhuangdao glass industry research institute is in April, 1986～May again, once done the intermediate experiment in the punishment in advance piece input kiln pond, and also opened ministerial level meeting of the assessment of results on May 24th, 1986, brickmaking does not have any technical problem certainly yet ... because brick-making technology has been the general technology problem, we just do not need to have narrated in detail in declaring this technical scheme of patent.

State Bureau of Building Materials Industry criticized 2,540,000 yuan of Qinhuangdao Glass Inst. upright " improving the glass melting rate " scientific research projects in 1976.Carried out glass batch briquetting melting process in April, 1986～May " intermediate experiment, the uniformity that its conclusion of ministerial level meeting of the assessment of results of opening May 24 can improve melting rate 13～17% and improve glass metal.

The checker of b, batch-batch brick can drop in the melting end of kiln pond, and the method can become a reality.We are that example is calculated with the fusing amount of 400 ton per days.

1. set about calculating with the melting furnaces requirement earlier:

17 tons/hour of 24 hours ≈ of 400 ton per day ÷

3600 seconds ≈ 4.7Kg/S of 17 tons of/hour ÷ ≈ 5Kg/S ... 1.

The batch brick that just require to drop in the kiln is 5 kilograms of per seconds, and every of general 53 * 115 * 240 brick is heavy 2.5 kilograms, then changes the brick amount that fire need be advanced into kiln at every turn and is to change once fire in 20 minutes:

5kg×60S×20＝5×1200S＝6000Kg……②

6000Kg closes 2400

If with checker is 1 ton/meter ³It is 6 meters that meter need push the interior checker of kiln ³, (comprising the space)

3. whether can realize setting about calculating from the port regenerator again:

If calculate with six pairs of ports, then every pair of port is that 2 ports amount to 12 ports, each air regenerator of each port, the gas regenerator, so totally 24 accumulation of heat mouths, if we decide to reclaim the fiery time of changing of flue gas heat is the time that the daughter of batch checkers is pushed, so half is arranged for pushing in 24 accumulation of heat mouths, second half does not push (speed is slow), so the daughter of 24/2=12 accumulation of heat mouth (drum pushes the mouth of the interior checker of kiln) sucking fit material checkers is arranged, so be that 12 mouths push 6 meter 3 checker, so each checker is 6 meters ³/ 12=0.5 rice ³, if push speed, then once change the fire time when being 20 minutes with 0.01m/s, the distance that meter advances is:

1 ₁＝20×60×0.01m/s＝1200×0.01m/s＝12.0m

1 ₁For 12 meters of the checkers that once change fire time sucking fit material brick, speak of herein earlier in this respect.

Regenerator in the well-known glass melter now adopts separate regenerative chamber more, and each appearance and size is that 4.5 meters of ≈ are high, and 2.5～3.0 meters wide 3.0 length that is to say that its cross dimensions is about 2.5 * 3.0 meters=7.5 meters ²We know that again prior art generally receives size to the drum place, and its finish dimensional is (1～1.4 a meter) * 0.45 meter, that is to say at F ₁0.5 meter of=(1.0～1.4) * 0.45 ≈ ²About, and the section F of its regenerator ₀Be F ₀=2.5 * 3=7.5m ²(basal area that is an air regenerator of a drum is far longer than 0.5 meter ², F ₀=7.5＞＞0.5m ²

In sum:

With checker section F ₀＞＞1m ²Estimate that pushing in the kiln speed with checker is 12 meters (change each time fire time-20 minute).

Pushed in per 20 minutes so can calculate a port air regenerator, stopping pushing (pushing away slowly) in 20 minutes, then can to push checker be 12m * 1m=12m ³, the volume of 12 ports then is (by pushing 12 meters of speed) 12m ³* 12=144m ³＞＞6m ³, if by 6 port 144m ³* 1/2=72m ³＞＞6m ³

So putting the checker of raw material brick in the port air regenerator meets the demands far away.

We we can say that the port regenerator is to satisfy the requirement of throwing batch.

Its reason can gather for following some:

1, to require the amount of sucking fit material be micro-to each kiln production capacity-fusing amount.

From calculating the fusing amount of 400 ton per days as can be known, just require 6m ³/ unit changes the fire time.

Unit changes fire time-and be exactly whenever to change the once blanking time (for example 20 minutes) of fire.

2, the preceding checker of having established the batch brick pushes that the speed of melting end (drum) is 0.01m/s in the kiln, and this is very slow speed, can realize fully as everyone knows.The speed that comes to this pushes checker in the kiln pond.Per unit is changed fire time (20 minutes) still can push 12m, and this numeral also is appreciable.

3, (with the consideration of 400 ton per days) this numeral also is considerable to the heat exchange section of checker in 2.5m * 3.0 usually.

4, the amount of Yao Qiuing (1, bar) is micro-, and the actual amount that can reach (2, bar 3, bar) is considerable really.So still satisfied fully, in addition still there be half (coal gas flue port) not to be used for installing the batch checker, so be that very big potentiality are arranged, also can increase substantially output when being necessary.

2, furnace construction is the requirement that can satisfy this new energy saving kiln.

A, cooling end, operations for forming chamber, all are original mature technologies, be the common practice, so just no longer having chatted more.

B, the vicissitudinous place of melting end are:

Dog-house is sealed, two side angles can increase a pair of port as required and be with the port regenerator, again can be as required in the melting end termination (outside the former dog-house) after heat exchange is established in the middle part cullet and not the cullet handed over of heat the input port these all be common technology, also just need not chat more (look add the cullet amount what come fixed, wherein some join in the batch brick-this is like adding boulder in the concrete as a same reason.So, when in the batch brick, adding cullet amount-be generally 15%.Do not satisfy the amount more than 15%, when needing to add in the melting furnaces, then just enable the input port of these cullet).

Port (not being with regenerator) is still original technology, and the port regenerator is following several.

(1), air, coal gas level side by side (gradient is arranged) go into drum, and checker of regenerator is batch brick-abbreviation horizontal in it.

(2), the gas passage of port regenerator is still original technology.And air regenerator is single-row on coal gas, and the checker in it is the batch brick, is to go in the melting end of melting furnaces by the tongue arch when checker is pushed into.-be called for short rectilinear.

Above-mentioned two kinds of (1) horizontal port regenerator.(2) rectilinear port regenerator.Be the center that we invent, we discuss in an embodiment in detail.But the position and the technological parameter about each structural design and structure and refractory material configuration of these DevCenters and DevCenter, the technological operation program and the rules of requirement ... Deng still being applicable to the realization of getting off of this new condition the samely with original technology.So, do not need to discuss in detail in addition yet.

3, the problem of burning and Waste Heat Recovery:

According to the interrelated data introduction: ... (plate glass fusing and 175 pages of melting furnaces books)

" briquetting of batch, granulation and preheating can improve the melting capacity 20～25% of melting furnaces, and fuel consumption can reduce 15%～30%.

External practice is verified, and fusing is through the blocking material of pre-thermal response, and pellet can be reduced to fusion temperature and be not more than 1430 ℃, and this improves burn-off rate and glass quality to preventing batch segregation, and aspects such as fuel savings all are of great importance.

According to U.S.'s periodical in 1987, U.S. Ford Motor Company has obtained the patent right of batch briquetting and preheating technology.The piece material heating by the exhaust gases of compacting takes 2～4 dollars but produce one ton of glass fuel saving.Japan's one vial kiln uses the batch of granulation, and the fusing amount of melting furnaces is brought up to 190 ton per days by 150 ton per days, and fuel consumption drops to 150 kilograms of/ton glass metals by 250 kilograms of/ton glass metals before using, and fusing time has shortened 30～40%.

This blocking, granulation and preheating technology, at present external practical application also only limits to small tank furnace and formally is not used for the large flat glass melter as yet.Batch closely knit can shorten fusing time and reduce energy consumption, improves the melting furnaces thermal efficiency and reduce powder to fly upward.

France Sheng Ge our company drops into melting furnaces again and uses after having proposed powder carried out closely knit processing.This manufactured is fairly simple, and the equipment that is adopted is the roller press preferably, and it is closely knit that batch is pressurizeed, and makes it reach the degree approaching with true specific gravity, and the air of batch is almost all extruded, and more closely knit material is sent in the kiln.

The melting furnaces that with coal gas are fuel adopt flame carburetting technology can strengthen radiant heat transfer, shorten fusing time, and every cubic metre of coal gas adds 20～30 grammes per square metre oil and carries out flame carburetting, and the glass melting cycle is shortened, and saves many coal gas.

Annotate: be one section that draws from data in this symbol " ... ".

Again by under can find out:

" batch of practical plate glass all is the above mixtures of three components, and the variation that its takes place when heating is more complicated, but the various variations that take place when being still one pack system and the heating of two component mixtures basically comprehensively.Main variation has the moisture of eliminating, salt decomposition, polymorphic transformation, generation double salt, generates silicate, generates its molten mixture and fusing etc., sees table 2-1-2 for details.

Before address, silicate formed between stage and glass formation stage does not have obvious limit, when the silicate forming process did not finish as yet, glass formation began.These two process required times differ greatly, and the silicate formation stage carries out extremely rapid, and that glass forms is very slow, for example found process about 32 minutes in that glass is whole, and wherein silicate forms and only needs 3～4 minutes, and glass forms but needs 28～29 minutes." " ... it is first stage of glass smelting process that silicate forms.After this stage finished, batch had become the opaque sinter of being made up of silicate and free silicon dioxide.When making glass, this stage is 800 °～900 ℃ end.(draw 79 pages from " plate glass fusing and melting furnaces " book "." now lift two factories of China nineteen fifty-seven fusion temperature curve ...; 1530 ℃ of 4# ports; fusion temperature curve controlled; is to adopt the leucoscope temperature of intermittent gauging set pattern allocation on time in each factory ... (draw from " production of machine-processed glass pane " September in 1958 the 1st edition, book number 1245,67 pages of building worker publishing house ".

" when adopting regenerator preheating gas and air, 100 ℃ of the every raisings of preheated air temperature, flame temperature can improve at least 20 ℃-draw from 93 pages of " plate glass fusing and melting furnaces " books.」

By top speech sentence, we analyze:

(1), the batch brick of our invention heats up, after generating sinter, 800 ℃～900 ℃ batches heat up again and the softening glass metal of founding into, this just in time meets the table 2-1-2 on the former book, because above-mentioned this section process is by going on length by length that the batch brick pushes, its transformation period also meet with near preceding 32 minutes of having spoken of, so be to realize preferably to the situation of relevant variations in temperature.

(2), the batch sinter is 800 ℃～900 ℃ end, so its as the checker of the regenerator of heat exchange just not as the effect that surpasses the heat exchange more than 900 ℃ of the regenerator lattice of original technology-poor Yin the heat exchange effect of 900 ℃ of batch checkers daughters that begun to melt and caved in, but total effect then can be supplied the effect (next bar has a talk emphatically) of the heat friendship shortcoming more than 900 ℃, and the total just effective one side of the shortcoming that this caves in one side, at first it equals outside fusing P, with waste heat carried out again the fusing batch (situation of original technology be in the kiln fusion temperature about 1580 ℃-flame temperature requires the fusion temperature under the situation about 1700 ℃, and in the kiln temperature of combustion gas about 1400 °～1500 ℃.And be generally gas preheating to 800 ℃～1000 ℃, air preheat to 1000 ℃～1200 ℃, it is about 600 ℃ that waste gas goes out the regenerator temperature) also reach above 1400 ℃ of glass melting temperature when going into drum behind this waste heat kiln discharge, (temperature of glass liquid in the past general all at 1300 °～1330 °) is so can reach new fusing ditch of formation in the flow liquid ditch below the drum kiln outside fully, the fusing ditch that us are invented equals to have increased newly melting end, consequently output improves, homogenising improves, (homogenization process shortening) is again by the foreign data in the top speech sentence, also can say the adding of fusion temperature because of the blocking material of pre-thermal response, being not more than 1430 ℃ and can be reduced to fusion temperature. original technology fusion temperature is counted roughly when being reduced to 1430 ℃ about 1580 °, for having reduced by 150 ℃, if still improve 100 ℃ with preheated air, flame temperature can improve at least 20 ℃, and must be to not to the raising of fusion temperature, " at least 20 ℃ ".Otherwise, but our approximate resoning, when fusion temperature reduces by 20 ℃, preheated air can reduce by 100 ℃, have following formula to release:

Fusion temperature reduction amount is 1580 °-1430 °=150 ℃

100 ℃ of preheated air reduction amounts * (150 °/20 ℃)=7.5 * 100 ℃=750 ℃

Need preheated air to reach 1400 ℃-750 ℃=650 ℃ of temperature

Certainly, in fact the preheated air of our invention also can reach about 900 °～1000 ℃ (reduced by 100 ℃～200 ℃ approximately)-because after the batch brick softened, itself and regenerator wall vault etc. also can also exchange preheating.Our invention is the requirement of satisfying the fusing batch thus, and has supplied the unfavorable effect of hot friendship shortcoming.

(3) though, our invention has heat to hand over the effect of shortcoming, total effect is still energy-saving and cost-reducing.This is because the following reasons is arranged:

Original technology becomes this process of glass metal to be similar to batch melting and is decomposed into after dropping in the kiln by batch:

The heat energy of the air after a preheating, coal gas generation is Q _HIf the preheating sky, sky that checker gives during coal gas, the heat of coal gas are Q _XQ _MBe sky, the heat energy of gas-fired

B, because that original technology and the radiating condition that we are invented are decided is the same, so, can ignore when comparing, establish waste gas by advancing drum in the kiln to regenerator, the heat energy that forwards former checker because of heat exchange to is Q ' _X

C, checker itself have had heat Q ' _X, preheated air, coal gas again, and the heat of being taken away by empty, coal gas is Q _Z

After d, sky, the gas-fired, pass through again after the regenerator, take atmosphere again to, the heat of being run away by chimney is Q _P

We establish without the heat empty, the gas-fired generation of preheating again is Q _R

There is following formula to set up Q _H=Q _R+ Q _X2.

Q again _X＜Q _Z＜Q ' _X3.

The reason of setting up is heat Q _XTransferring to checker is Q _Z, transfer to sky again, coal gas is Q ' _X, revolution moves once, and thermal losses is just arranged, its efficiency eta ₀, η ₀＜1

And our invention is to give the heat Q ' of port _XSeparated into two parts will be established by following formula earlier and distribute

If Q ' _X=Q ' _X1+ Q ' _X24.

Q′ _X1＝0.4Q′ _X ……⑤

Q′ _X2＝0.6Q′ _X ……⑥

Respectively account for 40% and 60% (we suppose)

Q ' _X1For directly melting the batch brick at drum is the required heat of glass metal.

Q ' _X2Be 60% Q ' _XBy regenerator lattice (no matter the work of its conversion heat of the checker of what material composition, our supposition is the same, and its error is little).Still be preheating sky, coal gas after the transfer.Condition does not become, then efficiency eta ₀Do not become, so Q yet _ZAlso has only Q _Z2=0.6Q _Z, be exactly Q _Z2Be 60% Q _ZTransform preheating sky, coal gas, the heat of taking away by empty, coal gas, in like manner Q _X2Also be Q _X60%.

We establish original technical glass batch melting institute calorific requirement is Q _O, and we invent, the heat that can give batch melting is Q _O1, have figure below to set up.

Our invention is

Can find out Q ' by last figure _X1No longer pass through Q _Z1, Q _XConversion remove to melt batch again, if η ₀=0.9, then the gross efficiency of twice conversion is

η＝η ²＝0.9×0.9＝0.81

1－0.81＝0.19

That is to say Q ' _X1So directly fusing is this 0.19Q ' of its loss _X, 19%Q ' _X40%, saved.Suc as formula:

Q _X1=0.4 * Q ' _X1=1.2350.4Q _X1(we say something for example certainly, and real figure is not this number).

That is to say and saved 23.5%, the Q of last figure _Z1With Q _X1Cross out explanation and do not had this process.

Be good to total effect as can be seen from the above, down we have no longer dwelt on.

In sum, we can say so: our invention is that the batch brick is used as the checker of regenerator, for reach with red-hot checker or fusion checker send into and just must make regenerator and port in the kiln pond on a plane or clinoplain, it has the flow liquid exit or entrance of a clitch 65 that batch brick red-hot or fusion can be added in the kiln pond near in the drum 12 in kiln pond.After reaching in the batch brick adds the kiln pond, in the regenerator keep full batch brick just must add the batch brick gradually at the tail end (far-end) of regenerator, head into and realize by propeller again.

(2) the batch brick gives molten body of wall and gives molten vault body---and this paper all is called for short and gives melt.

The origin of relevant design, purpose, the argumentation of aspects such as the possibility of implementation method and necessity and last be basically identical, some difference of its using method and place only, so, we have just no longer discussed these same sections, below we discuss their different piece, and different common technology we also no longer discuss.

Give melt: in other words, the fender body of original kiln (comprises body of wall, at the bottom of the kiln top arch and pond of donor ... Deng) comprise that kiln pushes up, the kiln wall, a certain position is all or part of with the brick one-tenth of batch at the bottom of pool wall and the pond etc., and its objective is make full use of its dispersed heat all or part of, as giving heat or giving the kiln top (big arch) that molten batch brick is become, the kiln wall, pool wall, and the pond at the bottom of etc. inner surface (inner surface that flame and glass metal are arranged) and progress in the kiln pond of glass metal, adds gradually or (or do yard one-tenth) body of wall of the brick one-tenth of sucking fit material simultaneously at its outer surface (or the side it outside), at the bottom of the pond, arch top etc., supply the amount that pushes that part of batch brick in the kiln pond, make and give melt and keep us to produce this part batch brick fender body (or body of wall of needed thickness forever, or arch top, or pool wall, or at the bottom of the pond etc.) we are referred to as to give melt.

We enumerate embodiment and are illustrated:

If a glass marble kiln, its white output is 12T/ day.

It is l that its original kiln is of a size of arch top clear span _o=4.2m arch crown clear height f=l _o/ 7=4.2m/7=0.6m

Arch crown pin apart from metal level apart from h=0.8m

So the interior dead size of this kiln gable wall (or claiming headwall) is as follows: high H=0.8+0.6=1.4m in the middle of (get to be of a size of more than the liquid level and give melt)

The outer H of two arch springings _o=0.8m

Its headwall gives melt and just in time gets above gable wall size---batch charger cancelled.So its area approximation is F=(1.4+0.8)/2 * 4.2=1.1 * 4.2=4.62m ²If hypothesis pushes once per half an hour, the amount of pushing is at every turn: 12T/ day=0.5T/ hour

If getting and dropping into material quantity is 1.2 times of fusing amounts, then require per hour to drop into to be changed to 0.6 ton, as shown in the formula:

0.5T/h×1.2＝0.6T/h

If get the unit weight γ=2T/m of batch brick ³

Then 0.6T/h is 0.6T/h * 0.5 hour=0.3T/ time

Half an hour, the amount of pushing was 0.3T/ time each time

It is required to push volume Vo/ time (half an hour once)

Vo/ time=0.3T/ time * 1/ γ=0.3 * 1/2=0.15m ³/ time

Vo＝0.15m ³

Need push away and put chi into is V at every turn _o/ time

δ _o＝Vo/Fo＝0.15m ³/4.62m ²≈1/30 ^m≈33 ^mm

Then each sucking fit material brick amount be 0.3T/ time also be 0.15m ³/ time

If gable wall area 4.62m2 fine melt goes in the kiln pond to reach 33mm/ time, just can satisfy the requirement of output, and show kiln pond gable wall internal surface temperature and can reach 〉=1400 ℃, get gable wall and be 1m when thick, every half 33 is measured in its fusing ^MmNot can not any problem.(calculating slightly)

This gives melt and is located at gable wall (also claiming headwall, as the outer position of the cullet dog-house of the numbering among Fig. 2 11) for giving melt, its time absolute altitude is a metal level, at the bottom of its top absolute altitude is big arch.Both sides are in the breastwork.Batch charger can be cancelled, (this ball kiln is not the form of being drawn among we figure, but common way should be got the headwall at batch charger place) from above calculating as can be known, gable wall is to give melt to meet the demands fully, if output increases, the gable wall amount of pushing does not satisfy when requiring, and can cooperate with the daughter of batch checkers, or set up the melt that gives at other position again, this is common technology, so do not need to have stated more.

The technology of other parties concerned: as

1) give how cooperating of melt and the daughter of batch checkers, how many amounts of pushing are which aspect respectively be;

2) giving pushing of melt needs it to be bearing in the angle problem on inclined-plane when laborsaving, and is bearing in fire clay and rolls design problem on the bar;

3) give how many problems of thickness of melt;

4) giving that the kiln of melt is outer to be made and push problem, is machinery system batch brick or manual manufacture batch brick, be that artificial jackscrew pushes, or machinery pushes ... Deng.

5) giving melt is pushing of arch top, and under breastwork in for giving pushing of molten body of wall, and to give molten arch top (be to set up batch brick arch top in addition under former refractory brick arch top certainly, and make and be bearing in batch brick wall body, its position is in breastwork, clear span in the former breastwork of former refractory brick, push up the full outer span of big arch for the batch brick arch, be that now batch brick arch pushes up big arch top at the bottom of the big arch of former vault) with give cooperating of the thickness that melts the breastwork body, and make it to reach proper fit thickness, in other words: give molten breastwork body and support always and give after the suitable fusing of molten vault again that running down is over.By pushing new arch top and breastwork body outward again.And the size that pushes reaches appropriate level.

6) giving the sealing problem of melt and former refractory brick body of wall, breastwork, big arch, is to adopt to establish floater guide block, still the problem of building by laying bricks or stones with batch brick powder.

7) cooperate that between how many problems of adding cullet in the brick or per two bricks brick to be arranged be that cullet are piled in this sky, and the cullet brick position of levels, and about, the cullet brick position of front and back, the problem that staggers mutually etc.

8) the flame system problem of kiln.

9) radiation loss of kiln transfers at the heat that gives the melt area and gives heat and give molten batch brick and push, or the relevant technological parameter that fuses in the kiln pond is chosen ... Deng problem.

More than 9 be common technology, we just no longer more states, convert we important be to utilize kiln fender body institute dispersed heat for giving heat and giving molten batch brick and give melt and reenter in the kiln pond in the glass metal, simultaneously the outside replenishes (push or add) batch brick body in the limit again, save and the energy that utilizes loss and reach, reach energy-saving and cost-reducing, improve the purpose of output.Increase simultaneously the heat insulation effect of kiln body fender body again, prolonged the cold repair cycle of kiln body again.

Below in conjunction with embodiment problem once is described.

We have a talk accompanying drawing and symbol description earlier.

Fig. 1 is the energy saving kiln ground floor plan

Fig. 2 is an energy saving kiln upper strata plane

Fig. 3 is I-I profile (along horizontal port air regenerator longitudinal profile) and V-V section

Fig. 4 is II-II profile (drawing in side sectional elevation of horizontal port air regenerator)

The drawing in side sectional elevation IV-IV profile of Fig. 5 batch brick porch.

Fig. 6 batch checkers daughter burning preheating schematic diagram.

Its position is with the I-I section

Number column in Table 1 among the oral area figure of the vertical section enlarged drawing I-I section (horizontal structure) of Fig. 7 port regenerator

The numbering title table of comparisons

1 9 2 10 3 11 4 12 5 13 6 14 7 15 8 16 17 44 18 45 19 46 20 47 21 48 22 49 23 50 24 51 25 52 26 53 27 54 28 55 29 56 30 ： 57 31 ： 58 32 59 33 60 34 ： 61 ( ) 35 ： 62 ( ) 36 ： 63 37 64 38 ( ) 65 39 66 40 67 41 68 42 69 43 70

We have a talk some explanation on the drawing earlier:

The position that our regulation stands in chimney 16 be it seems toward work-room 17 centers and is decided a left side and right, Fig. 1, and the drawing top in 2 be a left, chimney center and the line that draws the center (also being cooling end 9 centers) of work-room 17 are symmetry axis, mark in the drawings

Symmetrical symbols.So the symmetry axis below is exactly right-hand.We are counted port and stipulate that its little heat (batch) number serial number is 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5#, 6# port toward drawing work-room 17 aspects by chimney 16.Our order is added in each regenerator routine 22-4 afterwards to the port numbering on the figure, 14-6 represents the port gas regenerator of 4# port, with the 6# port below the gas regenerator, and other is non-... the numeral of one of regenerator member----back is to dose digital number for difference, 49-1 for example, 49-2 be for there being two propeller shaft bearings, makes it to distinguish to some extent and write as 49-1 and 49-2,50-1 for example again, 50-2,50-3,50-4,50-5 is that difference square thread push rod has five, 61-1 for example, 62-1 are expression and 61,62 differences to some extent, they represent coal gas, the oral area of air water level line, 48-A for example, 48-B, 48-C is three segmentation positions of expression port oral area updip brick 48, and following this respect has no longer illustrated.We have a talk the problem of each side below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing subitem.

One, at Fig. 1,2 have represented that the bottom of energy saving kiln has the plane of regenerator and flue section, and the plane of seeing above the kiln pond, mark among the figure between each position to concern, can find out to be 6 pairs of ports again, 9 are drawn work-room (9 machine kiln)----and are represented by dotted lines.1# in these 6 pairs of ports, 2#, 4# are port regenerator (heart among our invention), and 3#, 5#, 6# port are that the port below of original technology has air and gas regenerator, so these three no longer having stated more.Among the figure with 22-1,22-2,22-4 and 21-1,21-2,21-4 represents 1#, 2#, 4; # port gas regenerator and port air regenerator, this figure does not mark being connected of air flue 6 and port air regenerator 21 and coal gas flue 7 and port gas regenerator 22, because this is common technology, so omit, we have illustrated at this and above-mentionedly have been interconnected exactly in twos.It more than is the problem 1 that we need illustrate.

Two, this is that being supplied to about the left side port of will talking given hot air, and the coal gas that gives heat gives the indoor and kiln pond internal combustion of combustion at the left side port, and----is following, and we are called for short flame, port flame on the left of that is to say, and the situation of right side receipts smoke discharging.

We in order according to following situation row down

1, flame approach: row following table (by air inlet approach number row following table two in regular turn) two sequence number coal gas approach air approach, 1 gas burner is supplied with combustion-supporting windmill air supply 2 coal gas exchanger of coal gas 4 brethaid flashboards 3 (left side) 3 coal gas flue 7 (left side) air flues 6 (left side) 4 coal gas levels and vertical air level and the vertical flue that is communicated with of being communicated with

Flue (not drawing among the figure) (not drawing among the figure)

More than see and see Fig. 1 more than Fig. 1

Below see and see below Fig. 5 that Fig. 55 crosses the opposite direction air uptake 57 of coal gas by a by the opposite direction of a

Increased channel 58

Annotate: Fig. 5 represents the section of gas uptake, also is applicable to the section of air uptake.So 1 figure has represented the increased channel separately of coal gas (air), the correlation----Fig. 5 that reaches the air inlet 61-1 (62-1) in horizontal road is again the cross section of port gas regenerator, also is the section of port air regenerator.The air inlet 62-1 of the air inlet 61-1 air water level line of sequence number coal gas approach air approach 6 gas liquor level lines 61 air water level lines 62 7 gas liquor level lines

Below see Fig. 3, see Fig. 3 below Fig. 6, Fig. 68 batch bricks 25 checker batch bricks 25 checkers

The dryer section 42 11 " " of checker 25 of dryer section 42 batch bricks of checker 25 that the piling section 43 of (port gas regenerator 22 in) (in port air regenerator 21) 9 batch checkers daughters 25 is closed the piling section 43 10 batch bricks of material checkers daughter 25 is given hot arc 41 " " and is given hot arc 41 12 " " heat accumulating sections 40 " " heat accumulating sections 40 13 " " fusing section 39-1 " " fusing section 39-1 14 " " fusing section 39-2 " " fusing section 39-2

Coal gas and the air that gives heat fires chamber mixed combustion and flame giving

It more than is the approach that fuel gas and combustion air passed through of left side flame.

Right side drum and port regenerator are received 14～4 of smoke discharging situation such as following table three sequence number flue gases discharge 1～11 table two and are no longer listed, careful is anti-order 12 skies, coal gas flue 6,7 (right side) 13 coal gas exchanger 4 feed waste heat boiler 1016 with brethaid flashboard 314 main chimney flues 15 (inner section of total big damper 1) 15 and go into smokestack 16

Three, the structure of port regenerator and effect

Fig. 3 has represented the structure of port regenerator

One angle of inclination beta is arranged at the bottom of the port regenerator, and this β angle is that the factor of considering following several respects designs.

In order to make the thrust P of impeller design _HBe difficult for excessive, so should make the pressure Q perpendicular to inclined-plane H-H of deadweight Q generation _TAnd be parallel to the sliding force Q of inclined-plane H-H _HFollowing formula relation (establishing coefficient of friction is f) is arranged

When not considering the viscous force of glass melting

P _HIts viscosity power that stagnates was less when＞QCOS β f-QSin β fusion temperature was high, otherwise viscous force is big, can grasp according to different temperatures (temperature at the drum place) situation of each production, if following formula Q is arranged when not considering viscous force _T=QCOS β friction must just can be held Q greater than sliding force _H=QSin β

P when Cos β f 〉=Sin β _HVery little

F 〉=t _oβ but P _HAlso should not be too little, otherwise glide, more than these factors just take into account and can determine angle β.

The contexture of port regenerator is as follows

At the bottom of the port regenerator 33

Port regenerator top 36

" side wall 34

" midfeather 35

Peephole 64 also has thermometer hole (not drawing among the figure)

More than be the current techique of refractory material, do not set forth in addition.

Dissolving of drum place established the port regenerator seam 37 that rises on the ditch side wall 45 among the figure, its dissolve ditch 38 with glass metal flow into 52 portions of dissolving 5 that form at the bottom of the pond in, port oral area 12 and ejiction opening 54 link to each other with big arch 53, the flat brick 47 of drum is connected with big arch 53 as can be seen from FIG., simultaneously also give top, the combustion chamber 56 port oral area updip brick (actual be drum at the bottom of) the 48th that links to each other with port, be provided with about 5 ° according to existing technology upward slope γ angle,----sees Fig. 7.The one section port that links to each other with the flat brick 47 of drum on it gives combustion chamber top 56 too by the existing technology δ angle that has a down dip, count roughly about 20 °～26 °----come by the condition of production fixed.Fig. 7 has represented that port oral area updip brick 48 is divided into three sections, X, Y, Z, at the bottom of the P point also is the port regenerator under the H-H slope with the intersection point of the upper surface of port oral area updip brick 48.Its objective is: (coal gas leads to some extent, also guarantees the flow liquid exit or entrance of a clitch 65, only flows downstream into or fall into batch brick (and fusion glass metal) and sky (coal) gas----or give combustion gas of not walking downward to make the sky of port regenerator again.(being exactly to have walked also not have to imitate) because also should heat herein.

According to the hot repair of the refractory material and the condition of production, the cold repair situation fixes on fires within the refractory material port oral area updip brick 48 whether increase brick inner conduit 70 in addition.Link to each other with external water pipe again during production.

Port oral area 12 and the situation of giving the combustion chamber are such, in the V-V section of Fig. 3 between the port regenerator of expression air and coal gas the angle of cut be α, this should be with the inclined-plane RN of two regenerator ₁With RN ₂Intersection point R beyond extended line hand over face T outside the drum 12 ₂With T ₁Point so just makes space gas mix and gives combustion better, just drum S ₂S ₁＜T ₂T ₁, and RN ₁And RN ₂Should suitably extend＞more than the 0.5m, just can make the guiding of sky, coal gas better.This is the common technology of burning, has stated no longer in addition.

Three, angle of rake effect is with the structure and the effect (seeing Fig. 3 and Fig. 6) of batch brick inlet cup.

For the checker that makes batch brick 25 is not applying P _HPower the time do not glide, apply P _HPower not very bigly just can glide P _HPower by what apply; so; propeller 29 has just been arranged; by square thread push rod 50; bearing block 49 (49-1 and 49-2) is to be bolted on flooring or the ground; the chamotte brick protection is arranged outward; and the square thread push rod 50 in the protection propeller is not corroded by flame temperature; and establish a propeller front-axle beam brick 30 at its head; it is solid again at square thread push rod head; not influencing square thread push rod 50 again rotates (including the sliding bearing sleeve of rotation----is enclosed in interior by front-axle beam brick 30) and establish the propeller upper beam only under port regenerator midfeather 35: hole advances and the slip that retreats along regenerator flue gas direction below 31; and its gap is less, thus can only slide, and run the flue gas of malleation outward; coal gas, the possibility of air is just less.Square thread push rod 50-1～50-5, if propeller front-axle beam brick 30 advances the bottom of front-axle beam brick 30 and batch brick 25 checkers (because P toward drum 12 directions when clockwise rotating _HThe forward beam brick of power apply in the bottom) the good batch brick 25 of all-key----very close to each other, P then _HPower checker is passed forward, cause a part of batch to be gone in the kiln pond.Square thread push rod 50 has five can separately rotate, can separately advance, so front-axle beam brick 30 is divided into five sections too, but each speed is different again, to be that the gap 18 between the side wall 34 of levelling batch brick 25 checkers and refractory brick is total keep certain size to purpose, and it rotates square thread push rod 50-1～50-5 and lean on propeller 29, and it can manually rotate with greatly enhancing special wrench, also but the motor drives gear train passes on the square thread push rod 50 again, can adopt oil hydraulic cylinder to apply P again _HPower, these are that common technology has not been stated in addition entirely.In order to prevent that flue-gas temperature from corroding propeller 29, square thread screw mandrel 50, and operator, expose air with minimizing, coal gas, flue gas and establish batch brick inlet cup 32, particularly port coal device regenerator and can only be used in and changed 20 minutes centre of fire 15 minutes, and still run changing the fire time of flue gas stage, the gas delivery time then should stop.(pushing slowly) angle of rake square thread push rod and bearing block 49 are all airtight good with the regenerator wall.In order to make the sky in the flue gas dead band 66 in batch brick 25 checkers within the cup 32, the malleation of gas smoke is less, thus should establish flue gas dead band 66, and suitably add longer (for example 2～3m long).Batch brick inclined chute masonry 63 is arranged in the cup 32, its objective is for the batch brick is entered the mouth 20 by the batch brick, go in the port regenerator by the glide inlet 20 of (there is the instrument top rod that the staff that heads into uses the back or puts on protective gloves and push up with hand) batch brick to the port regenerator midfeather 35 of masonry 63 one by one, again with side mechanical hand 27, back mechanical hand 28, carry out piling and adjustment, mechanical hand has been ripe common technology in relevant unit of Ministry of Nuclear Industry, service machine hand of the present invention can be that two people of common heat-resisting steel rod push piling, observe by peephole, also can mechanical hand outsourcing refractory material, interior logical recirculated water ... Deng, these are common technology, so do not set forth in addition.

Batch brick 25 being pushed into when advancing, should prevent undesired sliding; so the thick full shop batch brick of 200m～300m is arranged at bottom; with 26 expression bottom batch bricks, (this part accumulation of heat is relatively poor certainly) also plays at the bottom of the sticking less post regenerator of batch brick of fusion 33 effect simultaneously among the figure).

Have among the figure within the batch brick inlet 20 and establish batch oral area floater guide block 69, itself can rotate by the axle on middle walls, by squeezing power floater guide block 69 is opened in batch brick 25 inlet ports, brick 25 floater guide block 69 is later pushed down batch brick inlet 20 and airtight by deadweight again, and this also is that common technology has not been stated in addition.

Four, we can see the thermal change situation of batch checkers daughter 25 from Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, get the batch brick analysis of advancing.

When batch brick 25 advances the inlet of section through level line 62-1 (61-1) through cup 32 outside by kiln, crossing piling section temperature this moment rises gradually approximately to about 600 ℃, in dryer section 42, temperature also rises to about 800 ℃ gradually when giving hot arc 41, passes through the heat accumulating sections temperature again by about 800 ℃～1100 ℃ or also low (existing can be 1580 ℃ in drum reaches 1400 ℃ of----kilns).Can reduce in our kiln that----below 1430 ℃ foreign data introduces.So drum arrives a fusing section 39-1 about about 1100 ℃～1200 ℃, 39-2, and make major part melt flow go into the flow liquid exit or entrance of a clitch 65 and go in the melting end 5, because the stop of a brick in regenerator that our subjectivity designs 1.5 hours～1 hour looked concrete condition and decided, so the reaction time is more normal, it is similar that bubble also discharges, yes improves glass quality again, and fuel savings improves melting rate again again.

Five, ultimatum mainly is to have introduced cross fire furnace more than us, sky, the situation of gas-fired, to shape of a hoof flame kiln might as well, to oil firing might as well be just simpler, herewith operation principle has just no longer been introduced.

Cullet generally are to add in the batch brick in addition, if do not satisfy when requiring, just open the cullet dog-house 11 of Fig. 2 or take Fig. 4 section right side style that (this figure draws for cullet give heat in regenerator, rather than this figure should be like this, among the figure, is built into several layers up and down in porous road by refractory brick partition wall 23, about the number holes, put cullet to intersect every the hole, the hole is walked flue gas and is waited and give hot cullet in addition, and can be pushed into the deficiency that glides and replenish cullet.

Port is arranged and still can be taked 1# again, and 2#, port are the crossfire kiln, just left side 1# and right side 2#, and left side 2# respectively is corresponding a pair of port with right side 1#, these are what happened latter.No longer herein having stated more, other is every discuss in detail be original common technology, do not need to have talked in addition, state at this.

100～120 ℃ of 2 Na of adsorbed water got rid of in temperature explanation 1 when the variation when change list 2-1-2 sequence numbers during the multicomponent mixture heating heat changes ₂SO ₄235～239 ℃ of polymorphic transformations become the decomposition of monoclinic form 3 coal dusts indefinite with the about 260 ℃ of coal dust decomposition temperatures of volatilization from iris deformation, become 4 with the composition of coal and form magnesium sodium double salt＜300 ℃ of MgCO ₃+ Na ₂CO ₃→ MgNa ₂(CO ₃) ₂5 MgCO ₃Begin to decompose 300 ℃ of MgCO ₃→ MgO+CO ₂↑ 6 begin to form calcium sodium double salt＜400 ℃ of CaCO ₃+ Na ₂CO ₃→ CaNa ₂(CO ₃) ₂7 CaCO ₃Begin to decompose 420 ℃ of CaCO ₃→ CaO+CO ₂↑ 8 Na ₂SO ₄And 400 ℃ of beginning Na between the coal dust ₂SO ₄+ 2C  Na ₂SO ₃+ 2CO ₂↑

Solid phase reaction carry out very fast 9 Na for 500 ℃ ₂S becomes Na ₂CO ₃500 ℃ of beginning Na ₂S+CaCO ₃ Na ₂CO ₃573 ℃ of β of the polymorphic transformation of+CaS10 quartz-quartzy  alpha-quartz 11 magnesium sodium double salt and SiO ₂React 340～620 ℃ of MgNa ₂(CO ₃) ₂+ 2SiO ₂ MgSiO ₃+

Form silicate Na ₂SiO ₃+ 2CO ₂↑ 12 MgCO ₃With SiO ₂Act on 450～700 ℃ of MgCO ₃+ SiO ₂→ MgSiO ₃+ CO ₂↑ 13 MgCO ₃Decomposition reaches the highest 620 ℃ of decomposition rates of temperature rising after this and slows down

Speed 14 calcium sodium double salt and SiO ₂React 585～900 ℃ of CaNa ₂(CO ₃) ₂+ 2SiO ₂→ CaSiO ₃+

Form silicate Na ₂SiO ₃+ 2CO ₂↑ 15 CaCO ₃With SiO ₂Act on 600～920 ℃ of CaCO ₃+ SiO ₂→ CaSiO ₂+ CO ₂↑

Form silicate 16 Na ₂CO ₃With SiO ₂Act on 700～900 ℃ of Na ₂CO ₃+ SiO ₂→ Na ₂SiO ₃+ CO ₂↑

The 17 generation eutectic mixture glass formation stages of formation silicate begin

Na ₂SO ₄—Na ₂S 740℃

Na ₂S—Na ₂CO ₃ 756℃

Na ₂CO ₃

—CaNa ₂(CO ₃) ₂ 780℃

Na ₂SO ₄—Na ₂CO ₃ 795℃

Na ₂SO ₄-Na ₂SiO ₃865 ℃ of 18 Na ₂S, CaS and SiO ₂865 ℃ of Na ₂S+Na ₂SO ₄+ 2SiO ₂

Reaction forms silicate → 2Na ₂SiO ₃+ SO ₂↑+S ↑

CaS＋Na ₂SO ₄＋2SiO ₂→Na ₂SiO ₃＋

CaSiO ₃+ SO ₂Temperature explanation when the variation when ↑+S ↑ continuous goes up the sequence number heating changes

19 Na that do not react ₂CO ₃855 ℃

The beginning fusion

20 Na ₂SO ₄885 ℃ of fusions

21 CaCO ₃Decompose and reach 915 ℃ the most at a high speed

22 MgO and SiO ₂Effect forms 980～1150 ℃ of MgO+SiO ₂→ MgSiO ₃

Silicate

23 CaO and SiO ₂Effect forms 1010～1150 ℃ of CaO+SiO ₂→ CaSiO ₃

Silicate

24 CaSiO ₃With MgSiO ₃600～1280 ℃ of CaSiO ₃+ MgSiO ₃

Effect  CaMg (SiO ₃) ₂

25 quartz particles, eutectic mix 1200～1300 ℃ of compounds, molten silicate

Claims (6)

1, a kind of energy saving kiln. be (or end, both sides in the kiln pond, or other position in kiln pond)---such as: first, the second both sides are set as two ports, this side is arranged the first port, opposite side is arranged the second port, like this several to (for example cross fire furnace) when the first port flame, the second port is regained flue gas, certain hour (for example 20 minutes) two effects are exchanged, flue gas comes out to regenerator and the checker in it through this drum, and the fuel gas of flame and the combustion air checker outside that drum gives heat, (fuel oil be to give hot combustion air) carries out heat exchange, and all or part of the establishing of the fender body of kiln given the roasting body---be exactly fender body with the brick one-tenth of batch, it is characterized in that: batch is made the brick type---be called for short the grid lattice of batch brick when regenerator, and the brick one-tenth of batch gives melt, carry out heat exchange, and give melt and reclaim the kiln body by giving all or part of heat that scatters and disappears of melt, and with fusion and the red-hot batch brick that carries out heat exchange, and reclaim the fusion of heat and the batch brick that gives the melt inner surface of red-hot batch brick pushes in the kiln pond gradually, also add or sucking fit material brick simultaneously at the far-end (tail end) of port regenerator and outer surface (kiln outer surface) limit of giving melt.

2, energy saving kiln according to claim 1 is characterized in that all or part of port has the flow liquid exit or entrance of a clitch 65, can realize the effect of dog-house, and works with giving all or part of cooperation of melt.

3, want 1,2 described energy saving kilns according to right, it is characterized in that all or part of port in one plane or have regenerator tightly to link to each other on the inclined-plane that tilts, the checker that the batch brick is arranged in it--be called for short the port regenerator, and work with giving all or part of cooperation of melt.

4, according to claim 1,2,3 described, the air regenerator that it is characterized in that each port, or air, the all or part of regenerator of gas regenerator be connected in one plane with port or an inclined-plane tilting on, the all or part of checker that the batch brick is arranged in it---also be called for short the port regenerator, and work with giving all or part of cooperation of melt.

5, according to claim 1,2,3,4 described, it is characterized in that these all or part ofly have the checker of batch brick to work with giving all or part of cooperation of melt, or the daughter of batch checkers and give melt one of them carry out work separately.

6,, it is characterized in that these plant equipment and kiln can realize above-mentioned technological principle and production method according to claim 1,2,3,4,5 described.

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